CN103094699B - Based on the lens antenna of Meta Materials - Google Patents
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- CN103094699B CN103094699B CN201110337761.2A CN201110337761A CN103094699B CN 103094699 B CN103094699 B CN 103094699B CN 201110337761 A CN201110337761 A CN 201110337761A CN 103094699 B CN103094699 B CN 103094699B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, a kind of lens antenna based on Meta Materials is provided, this antenna specifically comprises: coaxial cable, paster antenna feed, Meta Materials modulation module and shell, described coaxial cable is connected with described paster antenna feed by feeder line, and described paster antenna feed radiated electromagnetic wave signal, described electromagnetic wave signal is modulated by described Meta Materials modulation module, and the electromagnetic wave signal entering Meta Materials modulation module is modulated to equiphase radiation.A kind of lens antenna based on Meta Materials of the present invention adopts Meta Materials modulation module, by regulating the dielectric constant of Meta Materials inside and the regularity of distribution of magnetic permeability, refractive index in Meta Materials is reached and enables by the electromagnetic wave signal exiting parallel in it, finally make lens antenna directivity better, gain is larger, also make the focal length feed location of lens antenna closer, Antenna Design is more prone to, and antenna is more miniaturized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, particularly relate to the lens antenna based on Meta Materials.
Background technology
The dielectric lens antenna of millimere-wave band utilization widely, the shape of lens antenna designs according to the Fermat's principle in geometric optics and Si Naier refraction theorem, because one side lens antenna is easy to processing, so be used at most.
One side lens antenna as shown in Figure 1, according to Fermat's principle, equals the light path along axis through the light path of any point P.Suppose that the refractive index of the medium of lens antenna be n, F point is feed location, can obtain: FP+n (PP
1)=FP+n (OQ
1), then FP=FO+n (OQ).According to polar coordinates, the origin of coordinates is in the focus of lens, and the coordinate of P point is
make FO=f, the lens profile curvilinear equation that the condition of application equivalent optical path can obtain under polar coordinates is:
According to rectangular coordinate system, take O as initial point, to be the lens profile curvilinear equation that (x, y) then can obtain under rectangular coordinate system be for the coordinate of P:
(n
2-1)x
2+2(n-1)fx-y
2＝0。
The feed of usual lens antenna is not point source, horn feed time some, also have time paster antenna feed (patchantennaarray), and paster antenna is when without any lens or Meta Materials, the front-to-back ratio of antenna is more undesirable, and the gain of antenna is sometimes also beaten less than actual demand.
In traditional lens antenna, because the focal length of lens antenna is distant, when the bore of actual needs lens antenna is fixing time, feed like this with regard to being difficult to reach lens antenna is positioned in the focus of lens, thus make the size of lens antenna have no idea to reduce, lens antenna is applied to inside zonule and brings very large difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome lens antenna in prior art cannot make the feed of lens antenna be positioned at defect in focus in zonule because its focal length is distant, a kind of lens antenna based on Meta Materials is provided, this antenna adopt Meta Materials technology can make feed from lens distance very close to.
In order to achieve the above object, the following technical scheme of the present invention's employing:
Based on the lens antenna of Meta Materials, described lens antenna specifically comprises: coaxial cable, paster antenna feed, Meta Materials modulation module and shell, described coaxial cable is connected with described paster antenna feed by feeder line, and described paster antenna feed radiated electromagnetic wave signal, described electromagnetic wave signal is modulated by described Meta Materials modulation module, the electromagnetic wave signal entering Meta Materials modulation module is modulated to equiphase radiation, described Meta Materials modulation module comprises multiple core layer and is symmetrically distributed in multiple graded beddings of described core layer both sides, the substrate that each core layer and each graded bedding include sheet and the multiple man-made microstructure arranged on the substrate, the refraction index profile of each core layer described is all identical, each core layer comprises a border circular areas and the multiple annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, in described border circular areas and described annular region, refractive index is along with the increase of radius is from n
pbe reduced to n continuously
0and the refractive index at same radius place is identical, each graded bedding being distributed in described core layer the same side includes a border circular areas and the multiple annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, and the described border circular areas that each graded bedding is corresponding is identical with the variations in refractive index scope in described annular region and be reduced to n continuously from its largest refractive index along with the increase of radius
0, the refractive index at same radius place is identical, and the largest refractive index of two adjacent graded beddings is expressed as n
iand n
i+1, wherein n
0< n
i< n
i+1< n
p, i is positive integer, n
icorrespond to the graded bedding far away apart from described core layer.
Further, described paster antenna feed is single card chip antenna feed, described single card chip antenna feed comprises metal patch, medium substrate, feedback point, feeder line and metal ground plate, described metal patch and metal ground plate lay respectively at the both sides of described medium substrate, and described metal patch is connected by feedback point with feeder line.
Further, the material of described metal patch and metal ground plate includes aluminium, copper and silver.
Further, described paster antenna feed is four paster array antenna feeds of homophase feed.
Further, described multiple man-made microstructure of each core layer has identical geometry, and in described border circular areas and described annular region, the size of man-made microstructure reduces and the man-made microstructure at same radius place measure-alike continuously along with the increase of radius.
Further, described multiple man-made microstructure of each graded bedding has identical geometry, in described border circular areas and described annular region, the size of man-made microstructure reduces and the man-made microstructure at same radius place measure-alike continuously along with the increase of radius, and in the same area corresponding to the graded bedding that described in two adjacent graded bedding middle distances, core layer is far away, the size of the man-made microstructure at same radius place is less.
Further, described man-made microstructure is the planar structure or stereochemical structure that are made up of at least one one metal wire.
Further, described wire is copper wire or filamentary silver.
Further, described wire by etching, plating, bore quarters, photoetching, electronics carve or ion quarter method be attached on substrate.
Further, described man-made microstructure is " work " font, " ten " font or " H " shape.
The present invention, relative to prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) a kind of lens antenna based on Meta Materials of the present invention adopts paster antenna to do feed, makes antenna directivity better.
(2) a kind of lens antenna based on Meta Materials of the present invention adopts Meta Materials modulation module, by regulating the dielectric constant of Meta Materials inside and the regularity of distribution of magnetic permeability, refractive index in Meta Materials is reached and enables by the electromagnetic wave signal exiting parallel in it, finally make lens antenna directivity better, gain is larger.
(3) a kind of lens antenna based on Meta Materials of the present invention utilizes ultra-thin Meta Materials modulation module to make the focal length feed location of lens antenna closer, and Antenna Design is more prone to, and antenna is more miniaturized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of lens antenna in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the lens antenna that the present invention is based on Meta Materials;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of single card chip antenna feed of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the anatomical structure schematic diagram of single card chip antenna feed of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is four paster array antenna feed structure schematic diagrames of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the feeding classification schematic diagram of four paster array antenna feeds of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of Meta Materials modulation module of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the internal structure schematic diagram of core layer of the present invention or graded bedding.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, for the structural representation of the lens antenna based on Meta Materials, described lens antenna specifically comprises: coaxial cable 1, paster antenna feed 2, Meta Materials modulation module 3 and shell 4, described shell 4 is connected with Meta Materials modulation module 3 is closed respectively at paster antenna 2, for the protection of described paster antenna 2 and Meta Materials modulation module 3, described coaxial cable 1 is connected with described paster antenna feed 2 by feeder line, coaxial cable 1 is by paster antenna feed 2 radiated electromagnetic wave signal, electromagnetic wave signal enters described Meta Materials modulation module 3 and carries out electromagnetic wave beam modulation, be equiphase radiation after making electromagnetic wave outgoing Meta Materials modulation module 3, plane electromagnetic wave is converted to by spherical electromagnetic wave, make the directivity of this lens antenna better, and gain is also better.
In present pre-ferred embodiments, described paster antenna feed 2 adopts single card chip antenna feed, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, described single card chip antenna feed specifically comprises: metal patch 22, medium substrate 21, feedback point 24, feeder line 25 and metal ground plate 23, described metal patch 22 and metal ground plate 23 lay respectively at the both sides of described medium substrate 21, and described metal patch 22 is connected by feedback point 24 with feeder line 25.
The material of described metal patch 22 and metal ground plate 23 can select identical material, also can be different, and their materials of selecting can be aluminium or copper or silver usually, because the cost performance of copper is higher, and preferably copper.
As common practise, we are known, electromagnetic refractive index with
proportional, when a branch of electromagnetic wave by a kind of Medium Propagation to another medium time, electromagnetic wave can reflect, when the refraction index profile of material inside is non-homogeneous, electromagnetic wave will to the larger position deviation of refractive index ratio, by the electromagnetic parameter of every bit in design Meta Materials, just can adjust the refraction index profile of Meta Materials, and then reach the object changing electromagnetic wave propagation path.The electromagnetic wave that the spherical wave form sent from paster antenna feed 2 can be dispersed by the refraction index profile of design Meta Materials modulation module 3 according to above-mentioned principle is transformed into the electromagnetic wave of the plane wave form being suitable for long-distance transmissions.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the Meta Materials modulation module 3 shown in Fig. 2, Meta Materials modulation module 3 comprises multiple core layer and is symmetrically distributed in multiple graded beddings of core layer both sides, the substrate that each core layer and each graded bedding include sheet and the multiple man-made microstructure be arranged on substrate.Each man-made microstructure and the shared part of the substrate accompanying by it are a metamaterial unit.Meta Materials modulation module 3 is formed by multiple metamaterial sheet is stacking, equidistantly arrangement ground assembling between this each metamaterial sheet, or between two between lamella direct forward and backward surface link into an integrated entity bondingly.During concrete enforcement, the number of metamaterial sheet can design according to demand.As shown in Figure 8, each metamaterial sheet is formed by multiple metamaterial unit array.By the topological pattern to man-made microstructure, physical dimension and its design distributed on substrate, the refraction index profile of middle core layer is made to meet following rule: the refraction index profile of every one deck is all identical, each core layer comprises a border circular areas and the multiple annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, and in described border circular areas and described annular region, refractive index is along with the increase of radius is from n
pbe reduced to n continuously
0and the refractive index at same radius place is identical.
As shown in Figure 7, illustrate only 7 layers, wherein, three layers is core layer 33, and the two-layer of core layer both sides is graded bedding 31,32, and the graded bedding of both sides is symmetrical, and namely the graded bedding characteristic at distance core layer same distance place is identical.Core layer in Fig. 7 and the quantity of graded bedding are only example, can arrange according to needs.Wherein, graded bedding is mainly in order to realize the cushioning effect of refractive index, and the change that when avoiding electromagnetic wave incident, refractive index is larger, reduces electromagnetic reflection, and play the effect of impedance matching and phase compensation.
With three layers of core layer, the each two-layer graded bedding in core layer both sides is example, for three layers of core layer of centre, the refraction index profile of every one deck is all identical, each core layer comprises a border circular areas and the multiple annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, and in described border circular areas and described annular region, refractive index is along with the increase of radius is from n
pbe reduced to n continuously
0and the refractive index at same radius place is identical.
With the distributional class of core layer seemingly, the difference of graded bedding is only that the largest refractive index in each region is different, and the largest refractive index of core layer is n
p, the largest refractive index of graded bedding is n
i, and different graded bedding n
idifferent.Each graded bedding being distributed in core layer the same side includes a border circular areas and the multiple annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, and the largest refractive index in the border circular areas that two adjacent graded beddings are corresponding and annular region is expressed as n
iand n
i+1, wherein n
0< n
i< n
i+1< n
p, i is positive integer, n
icorrespond to the graded bedding far away apart from described core layer; Refractive index in the described border circular areas that each graded bedding is corresponding and described annular region is reduced to n from its largest refractive index continuously along with the increase of radius
0and the refractive index at same radius place is identical.That is, for Fig. 7, the two-layer graded bedding on the left of core layer, wherein leftmost graded bedding largest refractive index is n
1, another graded bedding largest refractive index is n
2, and n
0< n
1< n
2< n
p.In like manner, the graded bedding due to core layer both sides is symmetrical, and therefore, rightmost graded bedding is arranged identical with leftmost graded bedding refractive index, and the graded bedding on secondary the right is arranged identical with the graded bedding refractive index on time left side.
In order to be met the Meta Materials modulation module 3 of above-mentioned variations in refractive index relation, lens antenna based on Meta Materials of the present invention is by the man-made microstructure of design Meta Materials inside, obtain the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε in Meta Materials and magnetic permeability μ, and then the electromagnetic wave that electromagnetic wave that spherical wave form disperses changes plane form into is realized to the refraction index profile design of Meta Materials modulation module 3.
Experiment proves, the man-made microstructure of identical patterns, its physical dimension becomes ε direct ratio with dielectric constant, therefore when incident electromagnetic wave is determined, by the topological pattern of appropriate design man-made microstructure and the arrangement of man-made microstructure in metamaterial sheet of different size, just can adjust the refraction index profile of Meta Materials modulation module, and then realize the electromagnetic wave that electromagnetic wave that spherical wave form disperses changes plane form into.
Described multiple man-made microstructure of each core layer has identical geometry, and in described border circular areas and described annular region, the size of man-made microstructure reduces and the man-made microstructure at same radius place measure-alike continuously along with the increase of radius; Described multiple man-made microstructure of each graded bedding has identical geometry, in described border circular areas and described annular region, the size of man-made microstructure reduces and the man-made microstructure at same radius place measure-alike continuously along with the increase of radius, and in the same area corresponding to the graded bedding that described in two adjacent graded bedding middle distances, core layer is far away, the size of the man-made microstructure at same radius place is less.
The man-made microstructure realizing above-mentioned refractive index and refractive index variable quantity distribution relation have a variety of can implementation, for the man-made microstructure of planar structure, its geometry can be that axial symmetry also can non-axis symmetry; For three-dimensional structure, it can be the rotational symmetric Arbitrary 3 D figure of non-90 degree.
Man-made microstructure is the planar structure or stereochemical structure that are made up of at least one one metal wire.Wire is copper wire or filamentary silver, and the method for carving by etching, electroplating, bore quarter, photoetching, electronics quarter or ion is attached on substrate.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 5, be the structural representation of four paster array antenna feeds of the present invention, four paster battle arrays 26 are matrix distribution, single card chip antenna feed in alternate embodiment 1.Fig. 5 is the feeding classification of four paster array antenna feeds, and adopt the mode of homophase feed, the electromagnetic wave signal that four paster antennas are sent is homophase.Other execution mode is identical with embodiment 1, repeats no more.
The electromagnetic wave of radiation emission is converted to plane wave by the variations in refractive index on design metamaterial panel core layer and graded bedding and separately by the present invention, thus improve the convergence performance of lens antenna, greatly reduce reflection loss, also the minimizing of electromagnetic energy is just avoided, enhance transmission range, improve the performance of lens antenna.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably execution mode; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not run counter to Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. based on the lens antenna of Meta Materials, it is characterized in that, described lens antenna specifically comprises: coaxial cable, paster antenna feed, Meta Materials modulation module and shell, described coaxial cable is connected with described paster antenna feed by feeder line, and described paster antenna feed radiated electromagnetic wave signal, described electromagnetic wave signal is modulated by described Meta Materials modulation module, the electromagnetic wave signal entering Meta Materials modulation module is modulated to equiphase radiation, described Meta Materials modulation module comprises multiple core layer and is symmetrically distributed in multiple graded beddings of described core layer both sides, the substrate that each core layer and each graded bedding include sheet and the multiple man-made microstructure arranged on the substrate, the refraction index profile of each core layer described is all identical, each core layer comprises a border circular areas and the multiple annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, in described border circular areas and described annular region, refractive index is along with the increase of radius is from n
pbe reduced to n continuously
0and the refractive index at same radius place is identical, each graded bedding being distributed in described core layer the same side includes a border circular areas and the multiple annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, and the described border circular areas that each graded bedding is corresponding is identical with the variations in refractive index scope in described annular region and be reduced to n continuously from its largest refractive index along with the increase of radius
0, the refractive index at same radius place is identical, and the largest refractive index of two adjacent graded beddings is expressed as n
iand n
i+1, wherein n
0<n
i<n
i+1<n
p, i is positive integer, n
icorrespond to the graded bedding far away apart from described core layer, described multiple man-made microstructure of each core layer has identical geometry, and in described border circular areas and described annular region, the size of man-made microstructure reduces and the man-made microstructure at same radius place measure-alike continuously along with the increase of radius.
2. the lens antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described paster antenna feed is single card chip antenna feed, described single card chip antenna feed comprises metal patch, medium substrate, feedback point, feeder line and metal ground plate, described metal patch and metal ground plate lay respectively at the both sides of described medium substrate, and described metal patch is connected by feedback point with feeder line.
3. the lens antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the material of described metal patch and metal ground plate includes aluminium, copper and silver.
4. the lens antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described paster antenna feed is four paster array antenna feeds of homophase feed.
5. the lens antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described multiple man-made microstructure of each graded bedding has identical geometry, in described border circular areas and described annular region, the size of man-made microstructure reduces and the man-made microstructure at same radius place measure-alike continuously along with the increase of radius, and in the same area corresponding to the graded bedding that described in two adjacent graded bedding middle distances, core layer is far away, the size of the man-made microstructure at same radius place is less.
6. the lens antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, described man-made microstructure is the planar structure or stereochemical structure that are made up of at least one one metal wire.
7. the lens antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described wire is copper wire or filamentary silver.
8. the lens antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described wire by etching, plating, bore quarters, photoetching, electronics carve or ion quarter method be attached on substrate.
9. the lens antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described man-made microstructure is " work " font, " ten " font or " H " shape.
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| CN201110337761.2A CN103094699B (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Based on the lens antenna of Meta Materials |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN103094699B true CN103094699B (en) | 2015-12-16 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104425875A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-18 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Metamaterial antenna reinforcing device, antenna and antenna array |
| US10211532B2 (en) | 2017-05-01 | 2019-02-19 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Liquid-crystal reconfigurable multi-beam phased array |
| CN108808257B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2020-09-15 | 上海交通大学 | Refractive index controllable super surface |
| CN109586044B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-12-08 | 浙江大学 | Two-dimensional scanning varactor active super-surface thin lens antenna |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5883602A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1999-03-16 | Apti, Inc. | Wideband flat short foci lens antenna |
| US7570432B1 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-04 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Metamaterial gradient index lens |
| CN101699659A (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-04-28 | 东南大学 | Lens antenna |
| CN102544717B (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2014-06-04 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Lens antenna based on metamaterial |
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2011
- 2011-10-31 CN CN201110337761.2A patent/CN103094699B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5883602A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1999-03-16 | Apti, Inc. | Wideband flat short foci lens antenna |
| US7570432B1 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-04 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Metamaterial gradient index lens |
| CN101699659A (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-04-28 | 东南大学 | Lens antenna |
| CN102544717B (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2014-06-04 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Lens antenna based on metamaterial |
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