CN103091784A - Low-loss four-port non-blocking optics router based on micro-ring resonator - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-loss four-port non-blocking optics router based on micro-ring resonators. Through six cross waveguide micro-ring resonators and a parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator, an input end of a first port is coupled to an output end of a fourth port. An input end of a second port is coupled to an output end of the first port. An input end of the fourth port is coupled to an output end of a third port. The input end of the first port is coupled to the output end of the third port. An input end of the third port is coupled to an output end of the second port. The input end of the second port is coupled to the output end of the fourth port. A seventh micro-ring resonator is used for being connected with an optical channel from the fourth port to the first port and an optical channel from the second port to the third port. Due to the fact that the number of the micro-ring resonators is reduced to seven, the low-loss four-port non-blocking optics router based on the micro-ring resonators has the advantages of improving utilization efficiency of devices, simplifying the structure of a switch, decreasing area of the switch, reducing insertion loss and crosstalk of the switch due to the fact that the number of the cross waveguide micro-ring resonators is reduced to six, enhancing extendibility of the devices, being prone to establishing an on-chip optical interconnection network architecture and achieving high-speed transmission and exchange of optical signals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to realize in the optical interconnection network framework switching technique field of route handoff between multiport on sheet, particularly a kind of 4 * 4 unblock low-consumption optical routers based on active micro-ring resonator.
Background technology
Along with the development of semiconductor technology, the integrated level of single processor significantly improves, and the quantity of on-chip processor core promotes steadily, and thousand nuclear ages strided forward silently to us, makes the mobile efficient of internuclear data become the key factor that restricts the processor overall performance.How with following multiple nucleus system in the situation that the great challenge that the requirement of bandwidth and time delay is become present photoelectricity integration field is satisfied in low energy consumption.
Traditional on-chip interconnect technology is due to the restriction that is subject to the electrical interconnection physical characteristics, its time delay in transmission, and bandwidth, the physical characteristicss such as power consumption are difficult to the lifting of matter, become the bottleneck of restriction on-chip interconnect performance.
In recent years, it is swift and violent that silicon based photon is learned development, silicon substrate laser particularly, and the silicon based opto-electronics modulator, the high speed devices such as silica-based photo-detector have promoted the development of sheet glazing interconnection.The micro-ring resonator structure was proposed by Marcatili in 1969, was limited to technique at that time, was never paid close attention to widely.Along with the development of technique, micro-ring resonator is widely used.Based on the high-speed optical modulator of micro-ring resonator, high-speed optical switch, the devices such as high-speed light wave filter meet the tendency like the mushrooms after rain, have based on the optical device of micro-ring resonator low in energy consumption, the advantage such as area is little.
The light interconnection technique has large bandwidth, and multiplexing capacity is strong, and at a high speed, low time delay need not a large amount of pins, the low transmission loss, low-power consumption, low crosstalking, can with the plurality of advantages such as CMOS process compatible, have significant advantage for solving the communication performance bottleneck problem.The light interconnection technique is just towards more at a high speed, more short transmission distance, the more future development of high bandwidth density and integrated level.And the optical routing switch is the core devices of network-on-chip, and the performance of a photoswitch affects the performance of whole optical interconnection network to a great extent.But the complicated structure of present photoswitch, the quantity of crossover node and little ring is more, and production cost is high, and insertion loss is high, power consumption is large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of low-loss four port unblock optical routers based on micro-ring resonator.Through topology design, simplified structure with respect to switch in the past, realized just realizing with seven micro-ring resonators the free exchange of four bidirectional ports of optical interconnection network framework on sheet, reduced insertion loss and structure complexity.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of low-loss four port unblock optical routers based on micro-ring resonator, comprising:
A kind of low-loss four port unblock optical routers based on micro-ring resonator comprise:
A first end is inputted and the second end output optical waveguide;
One second end input and first end output optical waveguide;
One the 3rd end input and the 4th end output optical waveguide;
One the 4th end input and the 3rd end output optical waveguide;
First, second, third, fourth, the 5th, the 6th crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator, and the 7th parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator;
Wherein, the first port input waveguide and the 4th port output optical waveguide are by the first crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator coupling; The second port input is coupled by the second micro-ring resonator with the first port output; The 4th port input is coupled by the 3rd micro-ring resonator with the 3rd port output; The first port input is coupled by the 4th micro-ring resonator with the 3rd port output; The 3rd port input is coupled by the 5th micro-ring resonator with the second port output; The second port input is coupled by the 6th micro-ring resonator with the 4th port output; The 7th micro-ring resonator be used for to connect from the four-input terminal mouth to the first output port and from the light-path of the second input port to the three output ports.
Wherein said the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th, the 6th crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator, consistent with the operation wavelength of the 7th parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator.
Wherein said the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th, the 6th crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator, and the 7th parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator has identical radius and identical effective refractive index.
Wherein being used for making this material based on four port low-consumption optical routers of micro-ring resonator is SOI.
Can find out from technical scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The invention provides the low-loss four port unblock optical routers based on micro-ring resonator, utilize micro-ring resonator only for the characteristic of specific wavelength, by the ingenious combination of micro-ring resonator, realized the unblock route switching of four bidirectional ports.
Especially, owing to having adopted a parallel ring structure in the middle of switch, make micro-ring resonator used reduce to seven by in the past eight, improved the utilization ratio of device, simplified the structure of switch, reduced the area of switch, reduced cost.With respect to 4 * 4 photoswitches in the past, the design has completed the unblock route switching of four bidirectional ports for the first time with seven little rings.
Especially, number of crossovers is reduced to six, has reduced to a certain extent the insertion loss of switch and has crosstalked, and has strengthened the extensibility of device.
Especially, utilize time four port unblock optical routers, can build optical interconnection network framework on sheet, realize high-speed transfer and the exchange of light signal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is the "Off" state schematic diagram of the 7th parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator 1 * 2 photoswitch;
Fig. 1 b is the "On" state schematic diagram of the 7th parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator 1 * 2 photoswitch;
Fig. 1 c is the "Off" state schematic diagram of crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator 1 * 2 photoswitch;
Fig. 1 d is the "On" state schematic diagram of crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator 1 * 2 photoswitch;
Fig. 2 is based on the structural representation of 4 * 4 unblock optical routers of micro-ring resonator;
Fig. 3 is based on the duty example of 4 * 4 unblock optical routers of micro-ring resonator.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage are clearer, and be below in conjunction with instantiation, with reference to accompanying drawing, right
The present invention is described in further details.
The present invention utilizes the switching characteristic of tunable micro-ring resonator, has designed novel switched topological structure, has realized four port low-loss unblock optical routers.
Describe its course of work and principle in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3:
Little rings all in the router that the present invention provides all have identical radius, but have comprised two kinds of different structures, Fig. 1 a and
Fig. 1 b is depicted as the parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator, and shown in Fig. 1 c and Fig. 1 d is the crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator.When micro-ring resonant wavelength and signal coincide, signal by little ring from a waveguide-coupled to another waveguide, and when both wavelength not simultaneously, signal or lead directly to along former road.As the resonance wavelength resonant=of micro-ring resonator λ
0The time, we are defined as " opening " with this a kind of state, and light signal will be exported from Out2 from the light of In1 input, as shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 c; As the resonance wavelength resonant of micro-ring resonator ≠ λ
0The time, this a kind of state is defined as " pass ", and light signal will be exported from Out1 from the light of In1 input, as shown in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 d.The resonance wavelength of micro-ring resonator can be by route control signal dynamic-configuration, thereby realizes the switching of on off state.
The first port input waveguide and the 4th port output optical waveguide are by the first micro-ring resonator coupling; The second port input and the
One port output is by the second micro-ring resonator coupling; The 4th port input is coupled by the 3rd micro-ring resonator with the 3rd port output; The first port input is coupled by the 4th micro-ring resonator with the 3rd port output; The 3rd port input is coupled by the 5th micro-ring resonator with the second port output; The second port input is coupled by the 6th micro-ring resonator with the 4th port output.Wherein utilize the two-way operation characteristic of micro-ring resonator, the 7th micro-ring resonator can connect from the 4th port to the first port and simultaneously from the light-path of two port to the three ports, improve the utilization ratio of device, reduced the quantity of required micro-ring resonator, reduced the power consumption of router.
Wherein being used for making to hanging down the material of harassing four port unblock optical routers based on the low-loss of micro-ring resonator is SOI,
Be easy to optical device is combined with COMS technique, more be conducive to this structure commercialization.
Wherein first input end is adjacent with the first output terminal, and the second input end is adjacent with the second output terminal, the 3rd input end and the 3rd defeated
Go out to hold adjacent, four-input terminal is adjacent with the 4th output terminal, and compact conformation more is conducive to be applied in optical network structure go.
Fig. 3 has provided a kind of duty of this router, inputs one → input four this moment, input four → input one, input two → input three, input three → input two.In figure, dotted line represents that this ring is in the disresonance state, namely only has the first, the second, the 5th micro-ring resonator to be in resonant condition.Wherein input four → input one, input two → input three these two links share the 7th micro-ring resonator and do not cause obstruction.Because switching, the state of micro-ring resonator needs impressed voltage or heat modulation, article two, the shared same micro-ring resonator of link can reduce power consumption, simultaneously with respect in the past 4 * 4 photoswitches, the present invention has completed the unblock route switching of four bidirectional ports for the first time with seven little rings.
We provide the corresponding relation (table one) of every link and micro-ring resonator, and every link is controlled by a ring at most, and waveguide does not have micro-ring resonant and the optical signals waveguide is directly passed through.
The corresponding relation of every link of table one and micro-ring resonator
First input end mouth → the 4th output port | Little ring 1 |
First input end mouth → the 3rd output port | Little ring 4 |
First input end mouth → second output port | Waveguide |
The second input port → first output port | Waveguide |
The second input port → the 3rd output port | Little ring 7 |
The second input port → the 4th output port | Little ring 6 |
The 3rd input port → first output port | Little ring 2 |
The 3rd input port → second output port | Little ring 5 |
The 3rd input port → the 4th output port | Waveguide |
Four-input terminal mouth → first output port | Little ring 7 |
Four-input terminal mouth → second output port | Little ring 3 |
Four-input terminal mouth → the 3rd output port | Waveguide |
Above-described specific embodiment; to purpose of the present invention; technical scheme and beneficial effect have been described in detail, and institute it should be understood that the above is only instantiation of the present invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, as to make any modifications are equal to replacement; this advances etc., all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the low-loss four port unblock optical routers based on micro-ring resonator, is characterized in that, it comprises:
A first end is inputted and the second end output optical waveguide;
One second end input and first end output optical waveguide;
One the 3rd end input and the 4th end output optical waveguide;
One the 4th end input and the 3rd end output optical waveguide;
First, second, third, fourth, the 5th, the 6th crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator, and the 7th parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator;
Wherein, the first port input waveguide and the 4th port output optical waveguide are by the first crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator coupling; The second port input is coupled by the second micro-ring resonator with the first port output; The 4th port input is coupled by the 3rd micro-ring resonator with the 3rd port output; The first port input is coupled by the 4th micro-ring resonator with the 3rd port output; The 3rd port input is coupled by the 5th micro-ring resonator with the second port output; The second port input is coupled by the 6th micro-ring resonator with the 4th port output; The 7th micro-ring resonator be used for to connect from the four-input terminal mouth to the first output port and from the light-path of the second input port to the three output ports.
2. four port low-consumption optical routers based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, wherein said the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th, the 6th crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator, consistent with the operation wavelength of the 7th parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator.
3. four port low-consumption optical routers based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, wherein said the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th, the 6th crossing waveguide micro-ring resonator, and the 7th parallel waveguide micro-ring resonator has identical radius and identical effective refractive index.
4. four port low-consumption optical routers based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein being used for making this material based on four port low-consumption optical routers of micro-ring resonator is SOI.
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