CN103091531B - Array type Hall current sensing device and automobile power system including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric current measurement technology, in particular to an array type Hall current sensing device which is suitable for automobile application and an automobile power system including the array type Hall current sensing device. The array type Hall current sensing device which is suitable for the automobile application comprises a printed circuit board comprising an opening, and a signal processing circuit, wherein a plurality of Hall parts are arranged on the printed circuit board along the periphery of the opening, the Hall parts are evenly distributed on a circumference which using a centre of the opening as a circle center, and the signal processing circuit is arranged on the printed circuit board and coupled with the Hall parts. In the array type Hall current sensing device which is suitable for the automobile application and the automobile power system including the array type Hall current sensing device, the Hall parts arranged in an array-typed mode are adopted for improving sensitivity of magnetic field detection, using of iron cores can be removed, and energy consumption and material consumption are reduced. In addition, due to the fact that the problems that iron core saturation, eddy-current loss, magnetic hysteresis loss and the like are not needed to be considered, a magnetic field detection circuit with a simple structure can be adopted.

Description

Array type Hall current sensing device and the automobile power system comprising it

Technical field

The present invention relates to current measurement techniques, more particularly to a kind of array type Hall current sensing dress for being suitable to automobile application Put and the automobile power system comprising the array type Hall current sensing device.

Background technology

Measure electric current in the car at present generally to use based on the Hall current sensor of hall principle.Hall current Sensor includes two types, i.e. open loop type Hall current sensor and closed loop Hall current sensor.In open loop type Hall It is defeated so as to produce a voltage signal on the Hall element that the magnetic field aggregation for producing in electric current unshakable in one's determination is sensed in current sensor Go out, the signal is either directly output Jing after power amplifier amplification.It is tested in major loop in closed loop Hall current sensor The magnetic field that the electric current in secondary coil that the magnetic field that electric current is produced at air gap unshakable in one's determination is wrapped on iron core is produced is compensated, from And make working condition of the Hall element in detection Zero flux.

With the continuous improvement of energy-conserving and environment-protective standard, manufacture the high automobile of lightweight, energy efficiency and have become main flow Exhibition trend.However, above-mentioned open loop type Hall current sensor and closed loop Hall current sensor are required for gathering using iron core Collection magnetic field.Due to the introducing of iron core, increase energy consumption will certainly be made and material cost is improved.Additionally, in order to meet energy-saving ring simultaneously The requirement with ride quality is protected, automobile manufacturing company is now all empty in the installation for reducing various parts in automobile as far as possible Between, and be difficult to accomplish further miniaturization using the above-mentioned Hall current sensor of iron core.

Furthermore, the output current of automobile current generator has the characteristics of dynamic range is big, change is fast, in these areas open loop type All there is short slab in Hall current sensor and closed loop Hall current sensor, the former dynamic range is less, and response speed is slow, And the latter is difficult to measure high current.Although industry has been proposed for various improved structures to solve these problems, this nothing Cost and energy consumption are increased in shape again.

Therefore, it is also very desirable to a kind of Hall current sensing device that can overcome disadvantages mentioned above.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of array type Hall current sensing device for being suitable to automobile application, it has The low advantage of compact conformation, energy consumption.

Above-mentioned purpose can be realized by following technical proposals.

A kind of array type Hall current sensing device for being suitable to automobile application, including：

Printed circuit board (PCB), it includes opening；

On the printed circuit board along multiple Hall elements of open circumferential arrangement, the Hall element uniformly divides Cloth is on a circumference with opening center as the center of circle；And

Signal processing circuit, its arrangement is coupled on the printed circuit board and with the Hall element.

Preferably, in above-mentioned array type Hall current sensing device, the Hall element be single shaft Hall element and With identical Hall coefficient.

Preferably, in above-mentioned array type Hall current sensing device, the number of the Hall element is 2ⁿ。

Preferably, in above-mentioned array type Hall current sensing device, the opening inner side arrange have elastic component with Transmission pressure therein is passed through in fixation.

Preferably, in above-mentioned array type Hall current sensing device, the least radius R of the circumference_minFor：

Here, μ is air permeability, i₀For the rated current that the transmission pressure passes through, B_maxFor the Hall element line The maximum magnetic induction in property region.

Preferably, in above-mentioned array type Hall current sensing device, the signal processing circuit is included：

Multiple analog-digital converters, couple respectively with the Hall element；

The adder unit coupled with the analog-digital converter, for the Hall element exported to the analog-digital converter Potential value sued for peace to obtain total Hall voltage value；And

The computing unit coupled with the adder, determines as follows the current value i of the transmission pressure_c：

i_c=i+f (i)

F (i)=- a × (i-i_r)²+b

Here, e_HallFor total Hall voltage value of adder output, μ is air permeability, and k is Hall unit The Hall coefficient of part, n for Hall element number, r is the radius of the circumference, a, b and i_rFor the constant that experiment determines.

Preferably, in above-mentioned array type Hall current sensing device, the signal processing circuit is included：

Multiple faders, couple respectively with the Hall element, to put according to corresponding gain coefficient The Hall voltage value of the Hall element output of big each coupling；

The adder unit coupled with the fader, the Hall electricity of the amplification for exporting to the fader Gesture value is sued for peace to obtain total Hall voltage value；

The analog-digital converter coupled with the adder unit, for total Hall voltage value to be converted to into digital shape Formula；

The computing unit coupled with the analog-digital converter, determines as follows the current value of the transmission pressure i_c：

i_c=i+f (i)

F (i)=- a × (i-i_r)²+b

Here, e_HallFor total Hall voltage value of analog-digital converter output, μ is air permeability, k for it is described suddenly The Hall coefficient of your element, n for Hall element number, r is the radius of the circumference, a, b and i_rFor the constant that experiment determines.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of automobile power system, it utilizes the Hall current of said structure to sense dress Put, thus with saving installing space, low power consumption and other advantages.

Above-mentioned purpose can be realized by following technical proposals.

A kind of automobile power system, including：

Electromotor；

First accumulator, it couples to form current supply circuit with the parallel operation of generator；

Second accumulator, it is with starter parallel coupled forming starting-up later time；And

Control unit, it is coupling between the current supply circuit and the starting-up later time；

First, second, and third array type Hall current sensing device, is separately positioned on the electromotor and first, second Near the transmission pressure of accumulator, each described array type Hall current sensing device includes：

Printed circuit board (PCB), it includes opening；

On the printed circuit board along multiple Hall elements of open circumferential arrangement,

The Hall element is evenly distributed on a circumference with opening center as the center of circle；And

Signal processing circuit, its arrangement is coupled on the printed circuit board and with the Hall element.

According to embodiments of the invention, the sensitive of magnetic field detection is improved by the Hall element arranged using array type Degree, can save the use of iron core, reduce the consuming of the energy and material.Further, since need not consider that core sataration, vortex are damaged The problems such as consumption and magnetic hystersis loss, therefore in an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field detection circuit of simple structure can be adopted.

From combine accompanying drawing it is described further below in, it will make above and other objects of the present invention and advantage more complete It is clear.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the array type Hall current sensing device of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 further illustrates Hall element in parameatal distribution schematic diagram, here by taking 8 Hall elements as an example.

Fig. 3 is schematic diagram of the endless transmission pressure in the magnetic field intensity produced at the position of r with central shaft o.

Fig. 4 is the block diagram of one embodiment of the signal processing circuit in array type Hall current sensing device shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is the frame of another embodiment of the signal processing circuit in array type Hall current sensing device shown in Fig. 1 Figure.

Fig. 6 is the block diagram according to the automobile power system of one embodiment of the invention.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is illustrated below with reference to Description of Drawings specific embodiment.It should be understood that these tools Body embodiment is merely exemplary, for the spirit and scope of the present invention has no restriction effect.

In this manual, " coupling " one word should be understood to be included between two units directly transmission energy or signal Situation, or Jing one or more Unit the 3rd transmit the situation of energy or signal, and signal packet designated herein indirectly Include but be not limited to the signal in the form of electricity, light and magnetic.In addition, the term of "comprising" and " including " etc is represented except tool Have beyond the unit and step for having in the specification and in the claims directly and clearly stating, technical scheme is not yet Exclude the situation with other units and step directly or clearly do not stated.Furthermore, such as " first ", " second ", " Three " and the term of " the 4th " etc to be not offered as unit or numerical value in the order of the aspects such as time, space, size be only to make Distinguish each unit or numerical value is used.

It may also be noted that convenient to illustrate, each unit might not draw according to the ratio of their reality in accompanying drawing, And the size of each unit and the ratio between them do not constitute limiting the scope of the present invention in accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the array type Hall current sensing device of one embodiment of the invention.

The array type Hall current sensing device 10 includes printed circuit board (PCB) 110, multiple Hall element 121-128 and signal Process circuit 130.

Referring to Fig. 1, an opening 110A is opened up on printed circuit board (PCB) 110 so that transmission pressure is passed through.The shape of the opening Shape for example can be the shapes such as circle, rectangle, triangle, reasonable to be, arrange flexible member to block in the opening inner side The transmission pressure for passing through.

In order to simplify follow-up signal processing, Hall element 121-128 can select single shaft Hall element, what it had Identical Hall coefficient.But identical Hall coefficient is not required, because the discordance of Hall element can pass through signal Process circuit 130 is overcoming.

As shown in figure 1, Hall element 121-128 is disposed in around opening 110A, if with the center of opening 110A For the center of circle, then these Hall elements are evenly distributed on a certain circumference.Fig. 2 further illustrates this 8 Hall elements in opening Around distribution schematic diagram, wherein short and thick line represents Hall element 121-128, r be Hall element to opening 110A centers away from From B1-B8 represents the magnetic field intensity of the transmission pressure that Hall element 121-128 is sensed.

Although greater number of Hall element is conducive to improving the accuracy and sensitivity of measurement, this way will be improved Components and parts cost simultaneously increases complexity.The factors such as combination property, cost consider that 8-16 Hall element is reasonable choosing Select.In addition, the present inventor has found through research, in order to reduce the survey that transmission pressure cross sectional shape brings to greatest extent Amount error, it should from the Hall element of 2 power number formulary amount (such as 8,16 and 32 etc.).

Referring to Fig. 1, Hall element 121-128 is connected to signal processing circuit 130 by lead (thick line in figure), suddenly The output signal of your element is there exported to peripheral control unit (such as automobile power system after amplification, conversion etc. are processed Controller).

The measuring principle of the array type Hall current sensing device according to the embodiment of the present invention described in detail below.

In order to illustrate conveniently, it is assumed here that the number of Hall element is that 8 and their Hall coefficient are identical.Additionally, It may be reasonably assumed that transmission pressure diameter and Hall element (i.e. perpendicular to open surfaces and pass through opening center away from central shaft Axis) distance compare and can ignore, therefore tested electric current can be approximated to be the line current without line length.Furthermore it is also possible to rationally Ground is it is assumed that in the space residing for Hall element, the magnetic field that transmission pressure is produced is equally distributed.

According to Ampere law, the transmission pressure shown in Fig. 3 with central shaft o at the position of r, perpendicular to central shaft And the size both perpendicular to the magnetic field intensity produced on direction of the central shaft with measured position line is：

Here μ is air permeability, and i is the size of current for flowing through electrified wire.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, magnetic field intensity B that electrified wire is produced at each Hall element position_i The Hall voltage e for being induced_iFor：

Here k is the Hall coefficient of Hall element.

As it is assumed that the Hall coefficient of all Hall elements is equal, therefore the Hall voltage sum of these Hall elements is：

Here n is the number of Hall element.

From formula (3), total Hall voltage e_HallThere is proportionate relationship between electric current i, proportionality coefficient is K^*.When advance Determine K^*Afterwards, you can the total Hall voltage according to measuring is calculated electric current i.

For the size of Hall element circumferential spread, the present inventor has found after further investigation, and circumference is most Minor radius value R should meet following relationship：

Here, μ is air permeability, i₀For the rated current that transmission pressure passes through, B_maxFor the Hall element range of linearity Maximum magnetic induction.

Fig. 4 is the block diagram of one embodiment of the signal processing circuit in array type Hall current sensing device shown in Fig. 1.

As shown in figure 4, signal processing circuit 130 includes multiple analog-digital converter 411-418 and analog-digital converter 411- The computing unit 430 that the adder unit 420 of 418 couplings is coupled with adder unit 420.Alternatively, the process circuit 130 may be used also Comprising the transmitting element 440 coupled with computing unit 430, the signal assemble that it exports computing unit 430 is signal frame transmission To peripheral control unit.

In the signal processing circuit 130 shown in Fig. 4, each in analog-digital converter 411-418 is first with Hall respectively A coupling in part 121-128, the Hall voltage analogue signal that Hall element is exported is converted to corresponding digital signal.

These digital signals are sent to adder unit 420, there obtain total Hall voltage value after summation.Always Potential value be sent to computing unit 430 and accordingly flow through the current value of transmission pressure to determine according to formula (3).

It is worthy of note that, because the factors such as circle are deviateed in components and parts difference, transmission pressure section, using formula (3) There is certain error between calculated current value and actual current value.The present inventor sends out after further investigation It is existing, for the circumferentially equally distributed structure of Hall element as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this error is in certain current value i_rIt is greatest around, and reduce with the increase relative to the deviation value of the current value, particularly, calculated current value Following relationship is approx met between actual current value：

i_c=i+f (i) (6)

F (i)=- a × (i-i_r)²+b (7)

Here, i_cCurrent value after respectively correcting with i and the corresponding electricity of the total Hall voltage value with adder output Flow valuve, a, b and i_rFor the constant that experiment determines.

It is preferred that computing unit 430 is also corrected using above formula (6) and (7) to calculated current value.School Current value after just is output to transmitting element 440.

Above the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 assumes that the Hall coefficient k of each Hall element is equal or closely, therefore asks It is exactly simply to be added the size of the digital signal of each analog-digital converter output with process.For Hall coefficient k differences compared with Big situation, then can be in the way of the gain adjustment circuit that introducing is described with reference to Fig. 5.

Fig. 5 is the frame of another embodiment of the signal processing circuit in array type Hall current sensing device shown in Fig. 1 Figure.

As shown in figure 5, signal processing circuit 130 includes multiple fader 511-518 and fader 511- The meter that the analog-digital converter 530 that the adder unit 520 of 518 couplings is coupled with adder unit 520 is coupled with analog-digital converter 530 Calculate unit 540 and transmitting element 550.

In the signal processing circuit 130 shown in Fig. 4, each fader 511-518 includes operational amplifier, each Positive and inverting input connection resistor R1-R8 in one, a resistor R is connected between outfan and normal phase input end As feedback, the Hall voltage ei of Hall element 121-128 outputs with R/Ri (i=1,2 ... 8) scaling therefore logical Cross the adjustment that adjustment Ri is capable of achieving gain.

Signal after Gain tuning is sent to adder unit 520, there obtains total Hall after summation Potential value.Total potential value is sent to analog-digital converter 530 and makees analog digital conversion, and computing unit 540 then determines phase according to formula (3) The current value of transmission pressure should be flowed through, and signal can be corrected according to formula (7) and (8).The signal of the output of computing unit 540 Transmitting element 550 is then sent to, is there sent to peripheral control unit in the form of signal frame after encapsulation.

Fig. 6 is the block diagram according to the automobile power system of one embodiment of the invention.

Referring to Fig. 6, automobile power system 60 includes control unit 610, electromotor 620, the first and second accumulator 630a With 630b, first, second, and third Hall current sensing device 640a, 640b, 640c and full-wave bridge 650.Electromotor 620 and first accumulator 630a parallel coupled to form current supply circuit, and the second accumulator 630b and the parallel coupled of starter 61 To form starting-up later time.Control unit 610 is coupling between current supply circuit and starting-up later time.Electromotor 620 with load 62 it Between full-wave bridge 650 is set, and the first array type Hall current sensing device 640a is arranged on full-wave bridge 650 With the transmission line of electricity part between load 62.In figure 6, heavy line represents power or energy stream, and fine line represents control letter Number and measurement signal stream.

Referring to Fig. 6, control unit 610 is the core of whole power-supply system 60, and on the one hand it be responsible for according to electricity consumption situation (example Such as the need for electricity of starter 61 and electricity consumption device 62), battery condition (be, for example, here the first and second accumulator 630A and One or more in the operating current of 630B, running voltage, temperature, degree of aging and state-of-charge (SOC)) and electromotor shape State (operating current that for example alternating current generator 620 currently can be provided) etc. determines suitable electric energy management strategy.

In order between power supply (being here the first and second accumulator 630A and 630B and electromotor 620) and in power supply Rationally, effectively distribute energy between power load, control unit 610 needs accurately and rapidly to obtain the shape with regard to power supply State parameter (such as electric current, voltage, temperature etc.).

First, second, and third Hall current sensing device 640a, 640b, 640c shown in Fig. 6 can be adopted and as above tied The array type Hall current sensing device shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 5 is closed, they are separately positioned on the electric power storage of electromotor 620 and first, second Near the transmission pressure of pond 630a, 630b.In the present embodiment, these Hall current sensors and control unit 610 are all accessed Bus (such as CAN), so as to realize communication each other.

Due to can in a variety of manners implement the present invention, therefore this reality under the spirit without departing substantially from basic feature of the present invention The mode of applying is illustrative and not restrictive, because the scope of the present invention is defined by the independent claims, rather than by saying The definition of bright book, therefore all changes fallen in the border and boundary of claim, or this claim border and boundary Equivalent thus forgiven by claim.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of array type Hall current sensing device for being suitable to automobile application, it is characterised in that include：

Printed circuit board (PCB), it includes opening；

On the printed circuit board along multiple Hall elements of open circumferential arrangement, the Hall element is evenly distributed on On one circumference with opening center as the center of circle；And

Signal processing circuit, its arrangement is coupled on the printed circuit board and with the Hall element,

Wherein, the number of the Hall element is 2 power side,

Wherein, the signal processing circuit is included：

Multiple analog-digital converters, couple respectively with the Hall element；

The adder unit coupled with the analog-digital converter, the electricity of the Hall element for exporting to the analog-digital converter Gesture value is sued for peace to obtain total Hall voltage value；And

The computing unit coupled with the adder unit, determines as follows the current value i of transmission pressure_c：

$e_{Hall}=\frac{nk\mathrm{\μ}}{2\mathrm{\π}r}i$

i_c=i+f (i)

F (i)=- a × (i-i_r)²+b

Here, e_HallFor total Hall voltage value of adder unit output, μ is air permeability, and k is the Hall element Hall coefficient, n for Hall element number, r is the radius of the circumference, a, b and i_rTo test the constant for determining,

Or the signal processing circuit is included：

Multiple faders, couple respectively with the Hall element, to amplify each according to corresponding gain coefficient From the Hall voltage value of the Hall element output of coupling；

The adder unit coupled with the fader, the Hall voltage value of the amplification for exporting to the fader Sued for peace to obtain total Hall voltage value；

The analog-digital converter coupled with the adder unit, for total Hall voltage value to be converted to into digital form；

The computing unit coupled with the analog-digital converter, determines as follows the current value i of the transmission pressure_c：

$e_{Hall}=\frac{nk\mathrm{\μ}}{2\mathrm{\π}r}i$

i_c=i+f (i)

F (i)=- a × (i-i_r)²+b

Here, e_HallFor total Hall voltage value of analog-digital converter output, μ is air permeability, and k is Hall unit The Hall coefficient of part, n for Hall element number, r is the radius of the circumference, a, b and i_rFor the constant that experiment determines.

2. array type Hall current sensing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the Hall element is single shaft Hall element And with identical Hall coefficient.

3. array type Hall current sensing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the opening inner side, flexible unit is set Part passes through transmission pressure therein with fixation.

4. array type Hall current sensing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the least radius R of the circumference_minFor：

$R_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\μi}}_0}{{\mathrm{\πB}}_{max}}$

Here, μ is air permeability, i₀For the rated current that the transmission pressure passes through, B_maxFor the Hall element linear zone The maximum magnetic induction in domain.

5. a kind of automobile power system, it is characterised in that include：

Electromotor；

First accumulator, it couples to form current supply circuit with the parallel operation of generator；

Second accumulator, it is with starter parallel coupled forming starting-up later time；And

Control unit, it is coupling between the current supply circuit and the starting-up later time；

First, second, and third array type Hall current sensing device, is separately positioned on the electromotor and first, second electric power storage Near the transmission pressure in pond, each described array type Hall current sensing device includes：

Printed circuit board (PCB), it includes opening；

On the printed circuit board along multiple Hall elements of open circumferential arrangement, the Hall element is evenly distributed on On one circumference with opening center as the center of circle；And

Signal processing circuit, its arrangement is coupled on the printed circuit board and with the Hall element,

Wherein, the number of the Hall element is 2 power side,

Wherein, the signal processing circuit is included：

Multiple analog-digital converters, couple respectively with the Hall element；

The adder unit coupled with the analog-digital converter, the electricity of the Hall element for exporting to the analog-digital converter Gesture value is sued for peace to obtain total Hall voltage value；And

The computing unit coupled with the adder unit, determines as follows the current value i of transmission pressure_c：

$e_{Hall}=\frac{nk\mathrm{\μ}}{2\mathrm{\π}r}i$

i_c=i+f (i)

F (i)=- a × (i-i_r)²+b

Here, e_HallFor total Hall voltage value of adder unit output, μ is air permeability, and k is the Hall element Hall coefficient, n for Hall element number, r is the radius of the circumference, a, b and i_rTo test the constant for determining,

Or the signal processing circuit is included：

Multiple faders, couple respectively with the Hall element, to amplify each according to corresponding gain coefficient From the Hall voltage value of the Hall element output of coupling；

The adder unit coupled with the fader, the Hall voltage value of the amplification for exporting to the fader Sued for peace to obtain total Hall voltage value；

The analog-digital converter coupled with the adder unit, for total Hall voltage value to be converted to into digital form；

The computing unit coupled with the analog-digital converter, determines as follows the current value i of the transmission pressure_c：

$e_{Hall}=\frac{nk\mathrm{\μ}}{2\mathrm{\π}r}i$

i_c=i+f (i)

F (i)=- a × (i-i_r)²+b

Here, e_HallFor total Hall voltage value of analog-digital converter output, μ is air permeability, and k is Hall unit The Hall coefficient of part, n for Hall element number, r is the radius of the circumference, a, b and i_rFor the constant that experiment determines.

6. automobile power system as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the Hall element is single shaft Hall element and with phase Same Hall coefficient.

7. automobile power system as claimed in claim 5, wherein, arrange to have elastic component in the opening inner side and worn with fixation Transmission pressure more therein.

8. automobile power system as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the least radius R of the circumference_minFor：

$R_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\μi}}_0}{{\mathrm{\πB}}_{max}}$

Here, μ is air permeability, i₀For the rated current that the transmission pressure passes through, B_maxFor the Hall element linear zone The maximum magnetic induction in domain.