CN103091343A - Method for determining movement of friable rock particles in laboratory - Google Patents
Method for determining movement of friable rock particles in laboratory Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining movement of friable rock particles in a laboratory. The determination result can be used for guiding mining production through a caving method to reduce loss and dilution rate. Equipments and materials adopted by the invention comprise a portable X-ray emitter, an organic glass ore box, X-ray imaging films, coordinate paper and an X-ray protection lead room, wherein dolomite particles and magnetite particles with different absorption coefficients are selected as rock and ore particles. The density difference existing in the ore placing and imaging process and during imaging is subjected to post-treatment to determine that the movement at the position with the density difference represents for the movement of the magnetite particles in the dolomite particles, thereby completing determination of the movement of particles in the friable rock. The method provided by the invention aims to find the movement rule of the friable ore particles by determining the movement of friable rock particles in the laboratory, thereby optimizing mining structure parameters, fully recovering ore resources and improving economic benefits of mines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to avalanche mining and measure the method, the particularly method of the loose rock or ore particle moving process of a kind of experimental determination of loose rock or ore particle moving process.
Background technology
The caved stopes characteristics are under the covering of loosened rock particle, and the ore by the explosion avalanche is carried out to extraction.Ore directly contacts with rock, causes the method to produce dilution and loss in the process of back production.Therefore, to the mensuration of loose rock or ore particle moving process, be fundamentally to understand rock particles to sneak into the important content of process and genesis mechanism to ore.In order to reduce loss, the rate of dilution, fully reclaim underground mineral resources, just must make the endocorpuscular moving process of loose ore deposit rock clear.Up to the present, also do not find to measure the relevant report of loose ore deposit rock endoparticle moving process.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the method for the loose rock or ore particle moving process of a kind of experimental determination, the result of measuring can be used for instructing Caving Method with Large Space mining to produce, and reduces the loss and the rate of dilution.
The method of the loose ore deposit of a kind of experimental determination rock moving process, the different rock or ore particle attenuation degree difference to X ray according to two kinds of absorption coefficients, blackness value difference while causing imaging, difference with blackness value, two kinds of rock or ore particles are identified and imaging, and the picture that relies on a series of density differences position to be moved is measured the moving process of loose rock or ore particle.
The method of the loose ore deposit of a kind of experimental determination provided by the invention rock moving process comprises following content:
A. sensing equipment and material
Adopt one, Portable X-ray transmitter, tube voltage adjustable extent 50Kv to 300Kv, tube current adjustable extent 0.5mA to 5mA, focal spot size 1.5mm * 3.0mm, 40 ° of radiation angles; One, organic glass material ore drawing case, ore drawing case bottom is opened one and is gone out mine mouth, and open-top, be used for loading and unloading rock or ore particle; X ray imaging film; Coordinate paper; The plumbous room of X-ray protection, whole experimental determination process is all carried out in the protective lead room, and personnel are positioned at outside the protective lead room when the X ray transillumination;
B. the transillumination rock or ore particle is chosen
Select the different rock or ore particle of two kinds of absorption coefficients of rauhkalk and magnetic iron ore, with rauhkalk, as rock particles, the magnetic iron ore particle, as ore particles, is filled the ore drawing case by the rauhkalk Loose Bodies, puts into a magnetic iron ore particle in a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism;
C. ore drawing imaging process
In the protective lead room, place the Portable X-ray transmitter, and connection X-ray machine X control desk, place the ore drawing case, the loose rock or ore particle of packing into, pack into intensifying screen be close to ore drawing case dorsal surface of the X ray imaging film that will be cropped to again appropriate size, the X ray launch window is aimed in the positive side of ore drawing case, the X ray launch window is aimed to ore drawing case center, after making X ray penetrate the interior loose ore deposit of ore drawing case rock, the vertical transillumination of energy is on X ray imaging film, the X ray launch window is to the ore drawing spacing between 20cm to 40cm, after the laying sensing equipment completes, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X ray control desk outside plumbous room, adjusting the X-ray production apparatus tube voltage is 150Kv, tube current is 5mA, 1.5 minutes time shutter, press the countdown end to be exposed such as gauge tap, after this end exposure, open the protective lead room, take out intensifying screen internal X-ray imaging film and be designated as film 1, put into developer solution and carry out the development of 15 minutes, after developing, take out, air-dry photographic fixing, arrive this, this time the transillumination imaging finishes, open out mine mouth and emit 100-500cm
3rock or ore particle, the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 2 is put into to intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X ray control desk outside plumbous room, adjusting the X-ray production apparatus tube voltage is 150Kv, tube current is 5mA, 1.5 minutes time shutter, press the countdown end to be exposed such as gauge tap, after this end exposure, open the protective lead room, take out the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 2 in intensifying screen, put into developer solution and carry out the development of 15 minutes, after developing, take out, air-dry photographic fixing, arrive this, this time the transillumination imaging finishes, open out mine mouth and emit 100-500cm
3rock or ore particle, the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 3 is put into to intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, repeat above-mentioned steps, until rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism internal magnet ore deposit particle is emitted and stopped, obtaining n to this and open the X ray imaging film with density difference,
D. imaging aftertreatment
Follow the ore drawing process, loose ore deposit rock transillumination in the ore drawing case is obtained a series ofly being designated as 1, 2, 3, 4, the film of n, because a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism has different absorption coefficients from the magnetic iron ore particle, just there will be density difference during imaging, every film size is the same, so the movement of density difference position has just represented the moving process of rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism internal magnet ore particles, position, white portion center in film 1 is depicted on coordinate paper A and is designated as P1, position, white portion center in film 2 is depicted on same coordinate paper A and is designated as P2, same method is depicted in position, white portion center in film n on same coordinate paper A and is designated as Pn, to a P1 be arranged on coordinate paper A after having described, P2, Pn connects with broken line, this broken line has just represented the moving process of magnetic iron ore particle in a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism, measure the endocorpuscular moving process of loose ore deposit rock thereby complete.
The long 15cm of described organic glass material ore drawing case apparent size, wide 15cm, high 30cm, all around 4 faces and bottom surface organic glass thickness of slab are 5mm, and ore drawing case bottom goes out mine mouth size 3cm * 3cm; The X-ray film cutting is of a size of long 15cm, high 30cm; Coordinate paper is cropped to and X ray imaging film same size, long 15cm, high 30cm.
Particle diameter d≤the 10mm of described rauhkalk Loose Bodies, magnetic iron ore grain diameter d is 1cm, the magnetic iron ore particle is placed on the interior position apart from ore removal open height 20cm of a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism.
The present invention is remarkable, and beneficial effect is:
1. the method for measuring loose rock or ore particle moving process by this, utilize penetrability and the attenuation law of X ray to object, and the particle that has different absorption coefficients in the rock of loose ore deposit is identified and imaging.The picture be moved by a series of density differences position is measured the moving process of loose rock or ore particle, finds the movement law of loose rock or ore particle.
2. the method for measuring loose ore deposit rock moving process by this, find the movement law of loose rock or ore particle, and then the parameter of optimizing structure, and reduces caved stopes loss and dilution rate, fully reclaims mineral resources, improves mine economic profit.
3. the method for measuring loose ore deposit rock moving process by this, utilize penetrability, the attenuation law of X ray to object, can study the genesis mechanism that the loosened rock particle is sneaked into ore.
Embodiment
The method of the loose ore deposit of a kind of experimental determination rock moving process, particular content is as follows:
Adopt one, Portable X-ray transmitter, tube voltage adjustable extent 50Kv to 300Kv, tube current adjustable extent 0.5mA to 5mA, focal spot size 1.5mm * 3.0mm, 40 ° of radiation angles; One, organic glass material ore drawing case, the long 15cm of ore drawing case apparent size, wide 15cm, high 30cm, all around 4 faces and bottom surface organic glass thickness of slab are 5mm, and the mine mouth that goes out of a 3cm * 3cm is opened in ore drawing case bottom, and open-top is used for loading and unloading rock or ore particle; X ray imaging film, the cutting X-ray film is of a size of long 15cm, high 30cm; Coordinate paper, be cropped to coordinate paper and X ray imaging film same size, long 15cm, high 30cm; The plumbous room of X-ray protection, whole experimental determination process is all carried out in the protective lead room, and personnel are positioned at outside the protective lead room when the X ray transillumination.
Choosing of transillumination rock or ore particle: select the different rock or ore particle of two kinds of absorption coefficients of rauhkalk and magnetic iron ore, with rauhkalk as rock particles, magnetic iron ore is as ore particles, the particle diameter d≤10mm of rauhkalk Loose Bodies, a magnetic iron ore particle that particle diameter d is 1cm.The rauhkalk Loose Bodies is filled to the ore drawing case, put into the magnetic iron ore particle that a particle diameter is 1cm on the position apart from ore removal open height 20cm in a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism.
Ore drawing imaging process: in the protective lead room, place the Portable X-ray transmitter and connect the X-ray machine X control desk, place ore drawing case, the loose rock or ore particle of packing into, pack into intensifying screen be close to ore drawing case dorsal surface of the X ray imaging film that will be cropped to again appropriate size, the X ray launch window is aimed in the positive side of ore drawing case.The X ray launch window is aimed to ore drawing case center, make X ray penetrate in the ore drawing case after the rock of loose ore deposit can vertical transillumination on X ray imaging film, corrected X ray emission window is to the ore drawing spacing from being 25cm.After laying determination experiment equipment completes, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X ray control desk outside plumbous room, and adjusting the X-ray production apparatus tube voltage is that 150Kv, tube current are 5mA, time shutter 1.5 minutes, press the countdown end to be exposed such as gauge tap, after this end exposure, open the protective lead room, take out intensifying screen internal X-ray imaging film and be designated as film 1, put into developer solution and carry out the development of 15 minutes, after developing, taking-up, air-dry photographic fixing, arrive this, and this time the transillumination imaging finishes.Open out mine mouth and emit 300cm
3rock or ore particle, the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 2 is put into to intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X ray control desk outside plumbous room, adjusting the X-ray production apparatus tube voltage is that 150Kv, tube current are 5mA, time shutter 1.5 minutes, press the countdown end to be exposed such as gauge tap, after this end exposure, open the protective lead room, take out the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 2 in intensifying screen, put into developer solution and carry out the development of 15 minutes, taking-up after developing, air-dry photographic fixing, finish to this this transillumination imaging.Open out mine mouth and emit 300cm
3rock or ore particle, the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 3 is put into to intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X ray control desk outside plumbous room, adjusting the X-ray production apparatus tube voltage is that 150Kv, tube current are 5mA, time shutter 1.5 minutes, press the countdown end to be exposed such as gauge tap, after this end exposure, open the protective lead room, take out intensifying screen internal X-ray imaging film, put into developer solution and carry out the development of 15 minutes, taking-up after developing, air-dry photographic fixing, finish to this this transillumination imaging.Open out mine mouth and emit 300cm
3rock or ore particle, the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 4 is put into to intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X ray control desk outside plumbous room, adjusting the X-ray production apparatus tube voltage is that 150Kv, tube current are 5mA, time shutter 1.5 minutes, press the countdown end to be exposed such as gauge tap, after this end exposure, open the protective lead room, take out intensifying screen internal X-ray imaging film, put into developer solution and carry out the development of 15 minutes, taking-up after developing, air-dry photographic fixing, arrive this, this time the transillumination imaging finishes.Because the magnetic iron ore particle is emitted in the 3rd ore drawing, so measure, leave it at that.
Position, white portion center in film 1 is depicted on coordinate paper A and is designated as P1, position, white portion center in film 2 is depicted on coordinate paper A and is designated as P2, position, white portion center in film 3 is depicted on coordinate paper A and is designated as P3, position, white portion center in film 4 is depicted on coordinate paper A and is designated as P4.After having described, will on coordinate paper A, have a P1, P2, P3, P4 to connect with broken line, this broken line have represented the moving process of magnetic iron ore particle in a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism, thereby completes the mensuration to loose ore deposit rock endoparticle moving process.
Claims (3)
1. the method for the loose ore deposit of an experimental determination rock moving process is characterized in that the method comprises following content:
A. sensing equipment and material
Adopt one, Portable X-ray transmitter, tube voltage adjustable extent 50Kv to 300Kv, tube current adjustable extent 0.5mA to 5mA, focal spot size 1.5mm * 3.0mm, 40 ° of radiation angles; One, organic glass material ore drawing case, ore drawing case bottom is opened one and is gone out mine mouth, and open-top, be used for loading and unloading rock or ore particle; X ray imaging film; Coordinate paper; The plumbous room of X-ray protection, whole experimental determination process is all carried out in the protective lead room, and personnel are positioned at outside the protective lead room when the X ray transillumination;
B. the transillumination rock or ore particle is chosen
Select the different rock or ore particle of two kinds of absorption coefficients of rauhkalk and magnetic iron ore, with rauhkalk, as rock particles, magnetic iron ore, as ore particles, is filled the ore drawing case by the rauhkalk Loose Bodies, puts into a magnetic iron ore particle in a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism;
C. ore drawing imaging process
In the protective lead room, place the Portable X-ray transmitter, and connection X-ray machine X control desk, place the ore drawing case, the loose rock or ore particle of packing into, pack into intensifying screen be close to ore drawing case dorsal surface of the X ray imaging film that will be cropped to again appropriate size, the X ray launch window is aimed in the positive side of ore drawing case, the X ray launch window is aimed to ore drawing case center, after making X ray penetrate the interior loose ore deposit of ore drawing case rock, the vertical transillumination of energy is on X ray imaging film, the X ray launch window is to the ore drawing spacing between 20cm to 40cm, after the laying sensing equipment completes, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X ray control desk outside plumbous room, adjusting the X-ray production apparatus tube voltage is 150Kv, tube current is 5mA, 1.5 minutes time shutter, press the countdown end to be exposed such as gauge tap, after this end exposure, open the protective lead room, take out intensifying screen internal X-ray imaging film and be designated as film 1, put into developer solution and carry out the development of 15 minutes, after developing, take out, air-dry photographic fixing, arrive this, this time the transillumination imaging finishes, open out mine mouth and emit 100-500cm
3rock or ore particle, the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 2 is put into to intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X ray control desk outside plumbous room, adjusting the X-ray production apparatus tube voltage is 150Kv, tube current is 5mA, 1.5 minutes time shutter, press the countdown end to be exposed such as gauge tap, after this end exposure, open the protective lead room, take out the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 2 in intensifying screen, put into developer solution and carry out the development of 15 minutes, after developing, take out, air-dry photographic fixing, arrive this, this time the transillumination imaging finishes, open out mine mouth and emit 100-500cm
3rock or ore particle, the X ray imaging film that is designated as film 3 is put into to intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, repeat above-mentioned steps, until rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism internal magnet ore deposit particle is emitted and stopped, obtaining n to this and open the X ray imaging film with density difference,
D. imaging aftertreatment
Follow the ore drawing process, loose ore deposit rock transillumination in the ore drawing case is obtained a series ofly being designated as 1, 2, 3, 4, the film of n, because a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism has different absorption coefficients from the magnetic iron ore particle, just there will be density difference during imaging, every film size is the same, so the movement of density difference position has just represented the moving process of rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism internal magnet ore particles, position, white portion center in film 1 is depicted on coordinate paper A and is designated as P1, position, white portion center in film 2 is depicted on same coordinate paper A and is designated as P2, same method is depicted in position, white portion center in film n on same coordinate paper A and is designated as Pn, to a P1 be arranged on coordinate paper A after having described, P2, Pn connects with broken line, this broken line has just represented the moving process of magnetic iron ore particle in a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism, thereby complete the mensuration to loose ore deposit rock endoparticle moving process.
2. the method for the loose ore deposit of a kind of experimental determination according to claim 1 rock moving process, it is characterized in that the long 15cm of said organic glass material ore drawing case apparent size, wide 15cm, high 30cm, all around 4 faces and bottom surface organic glass thickness of slab are 5mm, and ore drawing case bottom goes out mine mouth size 3cm * 3cm; The X-ray film cutting is of a size of long 15cm, high 30cm; Coordinate paper is cropped to and X ray imaging film same size, long 15cm, high 30cm.
3. the method for the loose ore deposit of a kind of experimental determination according to claim 1 rock moving process, particle diameter d≤the 10mm that it is characterized in that said rauhkalk Loose Bodies, magnetic iron ore grain diameter d is 1cm, and the magnetic iron ore particle is placed on the interior position apart from ore removal open height 20cm of a rauhkalk prose style free from parallelism.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107421860A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-01 | 浙江大学 | One-dimensional vertical barged-in fill granule density test device and method of testing |
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| US4722095A (en) * | 1986-06-09 | 1988-01-26 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for identifying porosity and drilling mud invasion of a core sample from a subterranean formation |
| EP2198983A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-23 | Omya Development AG | Method for separating mineral impurities from calcium carbonate-containing rocks by X-ray sorting |
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2013
- 2013-01-17 CN CN201310017629.2A patent/CN103091343B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4722095A (en) * | 1986-06-09 | 1988-01-26 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for identifying porosity and drilling mud invasion of a core sample from a subterranean formation |
| EP2198983A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-23 | Omya Development AG | Method for separating mineral impurities from calcium carbonate-containing rocks by X-ray sorting |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 张国建，徐国权: "崩落法松散覆盖岩层自然分级对矿石损失贫化的影响", 《金属矿山》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107421860A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-01 | 浙江大学 | One-dimensional vertical barged-in fill granule density test device and method of testing |
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