CN103090683B - Method for controlling furnace pressure of pulse furnace - Google Patents
Method for controlling furnace pressure of pulse furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN103090683B CN103090683B CN201110341941.8A CN201110341941A CN103090683B CN 103090683 B CN103090683 B CN 103090683B CN 201110341941 A CN201110341941 A CN 201110341941A CN 103090683 B CN103090683 B CN 103090683B
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Abstract
An embodiment of the invention discloses a method for controlling the furnace pressure of a pulse furnace. The method includes the steps: arranging a test mechanism for testing the furnace pressure of the pulse furnace and a control mechanism for adjusting the furnace pressure of the pulse furnace in the pulse furnace; calculating feed-forward quantities including a first flue gas quantity, a second flue gas quantity and a third flue gas quantity and then summarizing the first flue gas quantity, the second flue gas quantity and the third flue gas quantity to serve as the adjusting feed-forward quantity of a gate valve position; correcting a valve characteristic curve of the gate valve position to reduce the influence of nonlinear factors, and adjusting the gate valve position according to the corrected valve characteristic curve; monitoring the state of a furnace door, closing the gate valve position by a preset angle when the furnace door is opened, and opening the gate valve position by the preset angle when the furnace door is closed; and monitoring the state of burners, and adjusting the number, the sequence and opening-closing action of the burners involved in combustion. The control mechanism comprises the adjustable gate valve position, first flue gas is generated by air and coal combustion, second flue gas is reduced by dilution wind extracted by a dilution fan, and third flue gas is extracted by a warm protection fan.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control technology of pulse stove, particularly relate to a kind of controling of the pressure of the oven method of pulse stove.
Background technology
(in November, 1997, pulse work is applied on bar plate heating stove Si Tanyin by first time in Stein company.At China, full digital pulse stove obtains application in minority steel mill.In actual application pulse stove at the raising thermal efficiency, reduce energy consumption, improve the homogeneity of temperature field in furnace etc. in played positive effect, but due to the discontinuous characteristic of pulse-combustion, cause that gas stream in the stove is unstable, furnace pressure fluctuation is larger.The major disturbances of furnace pressure is because have:
1) cycle of step rate moves and has a strong impact on furnace atmosphere;
2) the fire door design of bar plate heating stove is larger than heating furnaces such as Bar Wire Product many, and opening and closing is very large on furnace pressure impact frequently;
3) due to the characteristic of pulse combustion technology, impulsive switched forms great impact to gas stream in the stove frequently;
4) different burner abilities and distributing position are on the impact of gas stream in the stove;
5) scanning sequency is on the impact of furnace pressure.
Pulse stove controling of the pressure of the oven generally believes more thorny, an insoluble problem, and existing control program is less, does not also have good counter-measure, and in current application process, great majority are all based on the controling of the pressure of the oven method of conventional oven.The form that conventional oven and recuperative heater adopt continuous burning to control, furnace pressure generally can be solved by pure PID controller or forward-feedback controller.But pulse stove is different from above-mentioned heating furnace, it adopts a kind of mode of intermittent burning, and ultimate principle adopts pulse modulation technology, is controlled by the temperature regulating the dutycycle (make-to-break ratio) of burning time to realize heating furnace.Due to the characteristic that pulse stove is intrinsic, full stove impulse burner is in discontinuous open/close states always, and due to the difference of burner designed capacity, they are not of uniform size to the impact of burner hearth air-flow, and duration differs, and differ in region, use traditional PID control method, furnace pressure fluctuation is violent, controls to lose efficacy.For the characteristic of the defect in above-mentioned conventional control methods and pulse-combustion, how simple and effective stable furnace pressure becomes a difficult problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
The solution of current more employing comprises following four kinds:
Scheme one: single pid control circuit.
Furnace pressure is set by PID regulator, the burner hearth actual pressure of PID regulator to furnace pressure setting value and pressure unit feedback is sampled, and incrementally type pid algorithm calculates deviate, by the rotating and reverse of positive and negative control actuator of deviate, controlled the size of actuator turns amount by the size of deviate.Single PID regulator effectively can control the furnace pressure of conventional oven by suitable parameter adjustment, but the real-time that the hysteresis quality regulated due to furnace pressure is comparatively large, pulse stove requires is stronger, and single pid control circuit can not respond fast, therefore single pid control circuit has certain limitation in gating pulse stove furnace pressure.
Scheme two: Feedforward-feedback control system.
This control system for overcome furnace pressure purely retarded, regulate propose not in time.The deciding factor of furnace pressure change is the change of inner flue gas of the stove amount, and exhaust gas volumn is directly proportional to the fuel quantity entered in stove and air capacity, and furnace fuel wastage in bulk or weight detection signal can be adopted as feedforward amount, composition Feedforward-feedback control system.This system effectively can overcome the purely retarded phenomenon in control, but belongs to constant value control system type, and still well do not solve for the other problem existed in constant value control system adjustment process, therefore control effects is also undesirable.
Scheme three: fuzzy-adaptation PID control.
Fuzzy-adaptation PID control has the characteristic of response fast, the impact that the energy uncontinuity that suppressor pulse burns in time is brought, but it has following unsurmountable shortcoming simultaneously:
1) foundation of fuzzy control search table is more difficult;
2) self-learning function takies a large amount of system resource and stability is not high;
3) portable poor.
Scheme four: soaking zone conventional control.
Pressure point is general all at soaking zone, in order to reduce the impact of Pulse Width Control on furnace pressure, adopts conventional control with stable furnace pressure at soaking zone.Its shortcoming is:
1) soaking zone adopts conventional control, and burner type and control method are all different from pulse-combustion, adds additional cost and workload;
2) soaking zone adopts conventional control, and this section loses the advantage of pulse-combustion;
3) soaking zone adopts conventional control, increases the hysteresis characteristic that furnace pressure regulates.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be intended to propose a kind of can the method for stable pulse stove furnace pressure simply and effectively.
According to one embodiment of the invention, propose a kind of controling of the pressure of the oven method of pulse stove, comprising:
In pulse stove, arrange the mechanism for testing of test pulse stove furnace pressure and the control gear of regulating impulse stove furnace pressure, control gear comprises adjustable flashboard valve position;
Calculate feedforward amount, comprise the second exhaust gas volumn that dilution windbreak that the first exhaust gas volumn, the dilution air that calculate empty, coal combustion and produce extract closes and the 3rd exhaust gas volumn that warm protection blower fan extracts, using after the first exhaust gas volumn, the second exhaust gas volumn and the 3rd exhaust gas volumn summation as the feedforward amount that flashboard valve position regulates;
The valve characteristic curve correction of flashboard valve position is reduced to the impact of non-linear factor, according to revised valve characteristic curve regulator plate valve position;
Monitoring door state, closes predetermined angle when oven door opening by flashboard valve position, when fire door is closed, flashboard valve position is opened predetermined angle;
Monitoring burner state, adjustment participates in quantity and the order of the burner of burning, and participates in the switching motion of the burner burnt.
In one embodiment, have the burner of Four types in pulse stove, the rated capacity of wherein maximum burner is the twice of the rated capacity of minimum burner, and the impact of large burner on furnace pressure is greater than the impact of little burner on furnace pressure.
In one embodiment, monitoring burner state comprises restriction and participates in the quantity of the maximum burner of burning to reduce the rate of change of burner, and the switching motion of maximum burner is staggered.
The controling of the pressure of the oven method of pulse stove of the present invention can make the furnace pressure of pulse stove substantially maintain ± 10Pa within the scope of, energy consumption index is lower than heating furnace of the same type by 7.55%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 discloses the process flow diagram of the controling of the pressure of the oven method of the pulse stove according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 discloses the logic diagram of the controling of the pressure of the oven according to an application example of the present invention.
Embodiment
According to the actual investigation of the course of work of paired pulses stove, analysis, test, the present invention finds to take the controling of the pressure of the oven strategy of PID+ feedforward amount control+temporary supplemental more effectively can realize the stability contorting of furnace pressure.The advantage of this combination control tactics is not only to remain the accuracy of PID control but also embody the rapidity of feedforward control, and temporary supplemental makes valve advancement reduce disturbance factor to the impact of furnace pressure.
How being at all of gating pulse stove furnace pressure balances the relation of inner flue gas of the stove variable quantity and the change of flashboard valve seat opening, finds that the disturbance factor affecting furnace pressure mainly contains by analysis: the position of burner logarithm, burning capacity, flashboard valve position characteristic, pressure point, the opening and closing of fire door, the start and stop of blower fan, the setting etc. of combustion order.The controling of the pressure of the oven method of pulse stove of the present invention has taken into full account above-mentioned influence factor.
Fig. 1 discloses the process flow diagram of the controling of the pressure of the oven method of the pulse stove according to one embodiment of the invention, and shown in figure 1, the method comprises following step:
101. arrange the mechanism for testing of test pulse stove furnace pressure and the control gear of regulating impulse stove furnace pressure in pulse stove, and control gear comprises adjustable flashboard valve position.In one embodiment, mechanism for testing is arranged on the discharge end at pulse stove, and control gear is arranged on the loading side of pulse stove.
102. calculate feedforward amount; comprise the second exhaust gas volumn that dilution windbreak that the first exhaust gas volumn, the dilution air that calculate empty, coal combustion and produce extract closes and the 3rd exhaust gas volumn that warm protection blower fan extracts, using after the first exhaust gas volumn, the second exhaust gas volumn and the 3rd exhaust gas volumn summation as the feedforward amount that flashboard valve position regulates.
103. reduce the impact of non-linear factor to the valve characteristic curve correction of flashboard valve position, according to revised valve characteristic curve regulator plate valve position.
104. monitoring door states, close predetermined angle when oven door opening by flashboard valve position, when fire door is closed, flashboard valve position are opened predetermined angle.
105. monitoring burner states, adjustment participates in quantity and the order of the burner of burning, and participates in the switching motion of the burner burnt.In one embodiment, have the burner of Four types in pulse stove, the rated capacity of wherein maximum burner is the twice of the rated capacity of minimum burner, and the impact of large burner on furnace pressure is greater than the impact of little burner on furnace pressure.In step 105, monitoring burner state comprises restriction and participates in the quantity of the maximum burner of burning to reduce the rate of change of burner and to make the switching motion of maximum burner stagger.
The factor affecting furnace pressure as described above mainly contains: the position of burner logarithm, burner ability, valve characteristic, pressure point, the opening and closing of fire door, the start and stop of blower fan, the setting etc. of combustion order.For above-mentioned influence factor, in an application example, have employed following control strategy, as shown in Figure 2, the logic diagram of this controling of the pressure of the oven comprises:
Pid control circuit 201, pid control circuit 201 is according to picture furnace pressure setting value and the on-the-spot actual measured value (after filtering) fed back, incrementally type pid algorithm calculates deviate, by the rotating and reverse of positive and negative control actuator of deviate, controlled the size of actuator turns amount by the size of deviate.
The complete computation 202 of feedforward amount; the complete computation 202 of feedforward amount is according to empty, that the exhaust gas volumn of coal combustion calculating generation, dilution air are corresponding exhaust gas volumn and warm up the exhaust gas volumn protecting blower fan to extract from other heating furnace, as the feedforward amount that flue shutter valve position regulates after complete statistics, accurate Calculation.
Temporary supplemental 203, temporary supplemental 203 comprises the compensation rate corresponding to the opening and closing of fire door.Taking on oven door opening in material process, original " balance between revenue and expenditure " is broken, and fire door has become main pressure release passage.After oven door opening, furnace pressure becomes continuous negative pressure from pressure-fired, and flue shutter should close certain aperture in advance to suppress negative pressure.Take on material and terminate the closedown of rear fire door, pressure release passage is cut off instantaneous generation back draught, causes furnace pressure temporarily sharply to raise, and now should add a temporary supplemental and make flue shutter open certain aperture in advance, back draught disturbance removes temporary supplemental value after disappearing, and the moment ensures in stove " balance between revenue and expenditure ".Temporary supplemental 202 also comprises compensation rate corresponding to specific burner, and the diverse location in stove has the burner of Four types and rated capacity difference is comparatively large, and maximum disparity reaches more than 2 times.Find that the keying of large burner is comparatively large on the impact of furnace pressure by field adjustable, the opening and closing of valve needs additional temporary supplemental value to offset the impact on furnace pressure instantaneously.
Valve fair curve 204, variable valve has nonlinear operating characteristic, is not quite similar at different valve region valve variable quantities and flue gas variable quantity, revises so need to combine on-the-spot reality valve profile.
Also show heat interchanger 205 and heating furnace 206 in fig. 2.
In this application example, also contemplate following factor:
The thought of controls in advance: topworks is in loading side near discharge end for the installation site of pressure tap, and the large time delay that the structures shape of body of heater furnace pressure regulates, only has and adopt controls in advance effectively could suppress furnace pressure fluctuation by smoke regulating valve advancement.Because combustion order follows the leading principle of air, in the computation process of feedforward amount, with air door open order ratio open feedback signal control more timely.
The impact of pulse cycle order on furnace pressure: the keying of the burner that rated capacity is large is very large on the impact of furnace pressure, should ensure that when setting burner scanning sequency they stagger action as far as possible, avoiding the continuous impact on furnace pressure.
The restriction of maximum burner logarithm: suitably limit the maximum burner logarithm allowing to participate in burning according to the rated capacity of air main, fuel manifold, reduces the rate of change of burner logarithm, thus reduces the impact on furnace pressure.
Introduce the controling of the pressure of the oven method example using pulse stove of the present invention below.
According to this example, the ultimate principle of control is, by the variation tendency of prediction inner flue gas of the stove amount, to regulate the aperture of flue shutter in advance, reduce or the change of the amount of removing smoke on the impact of furnace pressure.Specific implementation approach is as follows:
The exhaust gas volumn that the theory of computation produces:
This pulse heating furnace adopts mixed gas as fuel, and its main composition has: CO, CO
2, H
2, N
2, CH
4, C
2h
4, C
2h
6, generate flue gas (principal ingredient is carbonide, nitride) with the abundant mixed combustion of air, flue gas is discharged by chimney by flue shutter.According to the theoretical amount of oxygen that can produce according to the air capacity theory of computation entered in stove of chemical combustion equilibrium equation and thermal technology, by calculating in this project, the exhaust gas volumn of roughly corresponding 1.37 volumes of unit volume air, represents with X3 and includes the calculating of feedforward amount in.
Calculate the air capacity that dilution air extracts:
In order to protect heat interchanger, controlling heat exchange temperature and being unlikely to too high, dilution air is set at heat exchanger entrance.According to the aperture of dilution air outlet regulating valve and the rated capacity of blower fan, draw control valve opening and enter the corresponding relation of dilution wind flow of flue, represent with X1 and include the calculating of feedforward amount in.
Calculate the kiln gas amount that warm protection blower fan extracts:
In order to protect heat interchanger, controlling heat exchange temperature and being unlikely to too low, warm protection blower fan is set at heat exchanger entrance, the kiln gas protection blower fan of extraction.Because this blower fan is frequency conversion fan, according to frequency of operation and the rated capacity of warm protection blower fan, experiment draws frequency of operation and enters the corresponding relation of warm guarantor's wind flow of flue, represents and include the calculating of feedforward amount in X2.
The temporary supplemental of large burner opening and closing:
Field adjustable finds that the keying of large burner is comparatively large on the impact of furnace pressure, the moment that large burner opening and closing order sends, and an additional temporary supplemental amount on current flue shutter aperture basis, be used for eliminating this disturbance, temporary supplemental amount △ K1 represents.
The temporary supplemental of door opening and closing:
Taking on oven door opening in material process, original " balance between revenue and expenditure " is broken, and fire door has become main pressure release passage.After oven door opening, furnace pressure becomes continuous negative pressure from pressure-fired, and flue shutter should close certain aperture in advance to suppress negative pressure, and this temporary supplemental value △ K2 represents; Take on material and terminate the closedown of rear fire door, pressure release passage is cut off instantaneous generation back draught, furnace pressure is caused temporarily sharply to raise, now should add a temporary supplemental makes flue shutter open certain aperture in advance, back draught disturbance removes temporary supplemental value after disappearing, moment ensures that in stove " balance between revenue and expenditure ", this temporary supplemental value △ K3 represents.
The correction of flue shutter valve:
Variable valve is better in operation interval (25% ~ 65%) linearity, valve opening less (<25%) or larger time (>65%) become non-linear, on-the-spot actual valve profile to be revised so need to combine.
Other correlative factor:
4 should be avoided when arranging combustion order to be as far as possible scanned consecutively large burner, to avoid the continuous impact on furnace pressure; Arrange the maximum input upper limit 16 of burner to etc.
Wherein feedforward amount forms primarily of three fractions:
Dilution wind (X1)+warm guarantor's wind (X2)+Theoretical combustion (X3);
Temporary supplemental △ K forms primarily of three fractions:
Large burner opening and closing (△ K1)+fire door is opened (△ K2)+fire door and is closed (△ K3).
The controling of the pressure of the oven method of pulse stove of the present invention can make the furnace pressure of pulse stove substantially maintain ± 10Pa within the scope of, energy consumption index is lower than heating furnace of the same type by 7.55%.
Claims (4)
1. a controling of the pressure of the oven method for pulse stove, is characterized in that, comprising:
In pulse stove, arrange the mechanism for testing of test pulse stove furnace pressure and the control gear of regulating impulse stove furnace pressure, described control gear comprises adjustable flashboard valve position;
Calculate feedforward amount, comprise the second exhaust gas volumn that dilution windbreak that the first exhaust gas volumn, the dilution air that calculate empty, coal combustion and produce extract closes and the 3rd exhaust gas volumn that warm protection blower fan extracts, using after the first exhaust gas volumn, the second exhaust gas volumn and the 3rd exhaust gas volumn summation as the feedforward amount that flashboard valve position regulates;
The valve characteristic curve correction of flashboard valve position is reduced to the impact of non-linear factor, according to revised valve characteristic curve regulator plate valve position;
Monitoring door state, closes predetermined angle when oven door opening by flashboard valve position, when fire door is closed, flashboard valve position is opened predetermined angle;
Monitoring burner state, adjustment participates in quantity and the order of the burner of burning, and participates in the switching motion of the burner burnt.
2. the controling of the pressure of the oven method of pulse stove as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Have the burner of Four types in described pulse stove, the rated capacity of wherein maximum burner is the twice of the rated capacity of minimum burner, and the impact of large burner on furnace pressure is greater than the impact of little burner on furnace pressure.
3. the controling of the pressure of the oven method of pulse stove as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described monitoring burner state comprises restriction and participates in the quantity of the maximum burner of burning to reduce the rate of change of burner.
4. the controling of the pressure of the oven method of pulse stove as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described monitoring burner state comprises makes the switching motion of maximum burner stagger.
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| CN109141051B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-03-17 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Optimal design method for furnace pressure control of heat accumulating type industrial heating furnace |
| CN109307438A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-05 | 广东坚美铝型材厂（集团）有限公司 | A kind of furnace pressure control device and control method |
| CN110607434A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-24 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Annealing furnace pressure control method and device |
| CN111780565B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-11-09 | 鞍钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Pressure control method for main gas pipeline of heating furnace |
| CN113282052A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-20 | 辽宁忠旺机械设备制造有限公司 | Furnace pressure control system |
| CN114085988A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-02-25 | 辽宁忠旺机械设备制造有限公司 | Novel furnace pressure control method |
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