CN103085544A - Elliptic trammel - Google Patents
Elliptic trammel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103085544A CN103085544A CN2011103423790A CN201110342379A CN103085544A CN 103085544 A CN103085544 A CN 103085544A CN 2011103423790 A CN2011103423790 A CN 2011103423790A CN 201110342379 A CN201110342379 A CN 201110342379A CN 103085544 A CN103085544 A CN 103085544A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the drawing apparatus category, and relates to a culture and education office tool, in particular to an elliptic trammel. The elliptic trammel is a tool using a brand new mathematical proposition (a revolution and rotation statement) as a principle and achieving a drawing function through a two-line and three-level gear machinery transmission mode. The whole structure of the elliptic trammel comprises three portions of controlling, driving and adjusting. The controlling portion comprises a handle and a drawing knob, wherein the handle concurrently has a mechanical overall platform function, and the drawing knob can be operated by plus or minus 360 degrees. The driving portion is an integrated system which is particularly in a two-line and three-level mode, wherein two lines are respectively a revolution line and a rotation line, and three levels are a speed change level, a variable-speed direction change level and a constant-speed direction change level. Drawing adjusting is summarized into three operating steps: firstly, calculating; secondly, moving; and thirdly, opening. The elliptic trammel is innovated in principle and optimized in structure. Therefore, the invention provides a simple, convenient and practical drawing tool which can draw standard ellipses for the world.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the drawing appliance category, also relate to the culture and education office accommodation, be specially a kind of ellipsograph.
Background technology
Ellipsograph is the long-expected instruments used for education of people and drawing instrument.If compasses are to have followed history of human civilization, the dream to ellipsograph is also long-standing so.Do not know at all times to have how many tireless pursuers, except ancient china, ancient Greek and the Renaissance in addition that history is carried, some scientists have at that time participated in the design design of ellipsograph, even Leonardo da Vinci just did design, as " Leonardo da Vinci's ellipsograph " up to the present handed down from ancient times.Even to this day, still have many fans to idolize this, the ellipsograph of research and development theory of mechanics, Patents emerges in an endless stream, and wherein is no lack of exquisite outstanding design.But, because design design follow is not broken through traditional, classical mathematics category with interdependent theoretical principle (being mathematical definition, proposition), thereby can't oversimplify in the process of machinery performance and embody its practicality, and then penetration and promotion, can only appreciate, play as " conceptual design ", therefore, ellipsograph is also generally speaking a market vacancy.Although current design field enters computer age, still has the demand to ellipsograph in production practices and education activities, especially a kind of can regulate arbitrarily parameter, accurately, easy and simple to handle, cheap ellipsograph.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate, be easy to regulate, ellipsograph that accuracy is high, to satisfy the demand of the aspects such as people's teaching, design, drawing, fill up a blank of drawing appliance.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the inventor proposes and has proved a brand-new mathematics proposition, and namely " the revolution rotation is said ", break through from theoretical principle, and the design that looks for another way has designed a kind of ellipsograph, greatly steps to practical aspect to go a step further.
The particular content of " revolution rotation says " is: " circle is along a circuit orbit rotation (revolution); its rotation simultaneously; if sense of rotation and revolution opposite direction, and spin velocity is the twice of revolution angular speed, so this moving circle upward track of arbitrfary point be ellipse.”
Ellipsograph based on this principle, make the visual possibility that becomes that realizes mathematic curve by simple and mechanical motion, " two three grades, lines " gear mechanism transmission mode in the present invention is one and relatively optimizes brief embodiment, it has not only demonstrated fully mathematical principle, have utility function, also show the aesthetic feeling of a kind of frame for movement and mechanical movement.
Ellipsograph of the present invention, be divided on structure control, transmission and adjusting three parts.Control part and comprise handle and drawing knob; Running part is an integrated system, is presented as " two lines " " three grades " transmission mode; Regulate partly the operating procedure that is summarised as " calculation two moves three and opens ".
Further, control and show as the bimanualness Graphics Mode, a hand-held tight handle, and remain the plumbness of center of circle pin, rotate the drawing knob on the other hand, due to gear-driven invertibity, the user can freely draw as the common compasses of use, can operate by positive and negative 360 degree; Handle has the total platform feature of machinery concurrently, transmission system with this as relying on and the starting point drops down.
Further, " two lines " of transmission system refers to " revolution line " and " rotation wire ", two line layouts are divided into two the rotation function of drawing knob, pass to different demand points with two circuits: the one, the positive direction rotation (revolution) of scale bar, the 2nd, the opposite direction speed rotation (rotation) of penholder." two lines " up and down is parallel, and by coaxial association, the first gear on two lines is the active wheels, is the connecting shaft wheel, the second gear is driven wheels, is upward the connecting shaft wheel, and lower is bearing wheel, the bearing wheel case is held the axle core, and is not synchronized in the same way with the axle core, plays fulcrum and takes over from the past and sets a new course for the future.
Further, " revolution line " is positioned at the structure upper strata, comprises two stem gears that diameter arranged side by side is identical, one main one from, the axle core of driving gear is upward through handle and the link of drawing knob; The axle core of driven gear links to downward-extension and scale bar and center of circle pin, three's consubstantiality, rotational synchronization.
Further, " rotation wire " is positioned at structure bottom, and parts comprise driving gear, driven gear, break-in tooth, bevel gear, horizontal helical teeth bar, vertically helical gear, rotation pen clip, wherein 1. break-in tooth and driven gear consubstantiality, one takes turns two teeth, under passed; 2. bevel gear and horizontal helical teeth bar consubstantiality, a bar amphitypy frontly is subjected to rear biography; 3. vertically helical gear and rotation pen clip consubstantiality, a core two connects, under passed." rotation wire " omnidistance twice speed change (gear velocity of rotation), two secondary shafts (the gear shaft core transforms anyhow), three break-ins (gear direction of rotation), when arriving pen clip, just in time the direction of rotation with scale bar is opposite for direction of rotation, coincide with mathematical principle.
Further, described " three grades " are the classifications of " rotation wire ": the first order is " speed change level ", and driving gear is 2: 1 with the diameter ratio of driven gear, rotating speed is put be twice, and rotates with this additional scale bar the angle of bringing and offsets; The second level is " speed and direction changing level ", and the gear ratio of break-in tooth and bevel gear is 2: 1, and rotating speed is exaggerated one times again, and this is due to the mathematical principle requirement, and this structure makes rotating shaft break-in 90 degree simultaneously, and is horizontal by vertical transfer; The third level is " constant speed break-in level ", and horizontal helical teeth bar and the vertical helical gear kind of drive make rotating shaft break-in 90 degree again, turn perpendicular by horizontal, and the tooth bar configuration are all identical with diameter, becomes constant-speed transmission.Horizontal helical teeth bar is parallel, on be placed in scale bar, scale bar two ends are provided with bearing block; Vertically the helical gear lower end is linking the rotation pen clip, and the rotation of pen clip drives penholder and rotates, and realizes " rotation ", completes drawing.
Further, the drawing of ellipsograph of the present invention is regulated parts and is comprised scale bar, slide block, rotation pen clip, opening and closing penholder, degree of tightness knob, auxiliary center of circle pin etc., and slide block is arranged on scale bar, by degree of tightness knob adjusting position; The slide block built-in bearing, vertically the helical gear shaft core passes from top to bottom, becames one with pen clip.Concrete mapping operation step summary is " calculation two moves three and opens ", during use according to known conditions, at first calculate the mean value (a+b)/2 of length semiaxis, then moving slider, the calculated value correspondence is implemented on scale bar, then open penholder, the numerical value that nib is corresponded on scale bar equals major semiaxis a, complete adjusting, begin to draw.For first use or inadequate practician, can keep the plumbness of center of circle pin by auxiliary center of circle pin, guarantee drawing quality.
Further, be sandwiched in the opening and closing penholder of rotation pen clip, carry out opening and closing according to parameter, opening angle is larger, and institute's ellipse of painting is more flat, and angle is less, near circle, for just round, uses so ellipsograph of the present invention can be made common compasses when angle is zero.
Further: the proof of the mathematical principle of ellipsograph of the present invention and parameter conversion relation are as follows:
Proof: (Fig. 3) ⊙ Q is around the rotation of initial point positive direction, and angular speed is θ, and himself is with the 2 reverse rotations of θ angular speed.P (x, y) moves the point on circle for this reason, and it is by starting point M ' rotation so far, is also simultaneously by starting point M revolution so far.
Track be oval.
In figure, extend M ' P and hand over the x axle in L, can demonstrate,prove ∠ OLM '=90 degree
M ' P=2rsin θ (isosceles triangle base)
y＝PL＝M′L-M′P
＝Rsinθ-2rsinθ
＝(R-2r)sinθ
x＝OL＝Rcosθ
Meet the elliptic parametric equation form.Card is finished.
Conversion relation: R=a r=(a-b)/2
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of the present invention's (a kind of ellipsograph);
Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention's (a kind of ellipsograph);
1. handle 2. drawing knob 3. driving gear 14 driven gear 1 5. driving gear 2 6. driven gear 27 break-in tooth 8. vertical helical gear 11. scale bar 12. center of circle pin 13. of the horizontal helical teeth bar 10. of bevel gear 9. rotate pen clip (abbreviation pen clip) 14. slide block 15. degree of tightness knob 16. bearing block 17. opening and closing penholders (abbreviation penholder) 18. center of circle pin auxiliary foot 19. diagram parameter 20. penholder opening angles
Fig. 3 is the mathematical principle figure of the present invention's (a kind of ellipsograph);
Fig. 4 is that other purposes of the present invention's's (a kind of ellipsograph) principle are given an example.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, the invention provides a kind of ellipsograph, a brand-new mathematics proposition " revolution rotation say " truly showed with " two three grades, lines " gear mechanism transmission mode, total comprise control, transmission and adjusting three parts.
Described control the part be one handle (1) and a drawing knob (2).Handle (2) has the total platform feature of machinery concurrently, and transmission system is as relying on and the starting point drops down.Ellipsograph of the present invention is the bimanualness drawing instrument, and a hand-held tight handle (1) also remains plumbness, rotates on the other hand drawing knob (2), can positive and negative 360 degree operations.
Described running part is an integrated system, main contents of the present invention, be specially " two three grades, lines " gear mechanism transmission mode, " two lines " i.e. be " revolution line " and " rotation wire ", " three grades " are the classifications under " rotation wire ", i.e. " speed change level ", " speed and direction changing level " and " constant speed break-in level "." two lines " layout is divided into two the rotary power of drawing knob (2), pass to different demand points by two circuits: the one, the positive direction rotation (revolution) of scale bar (11), the 2nd, the opposite direction speed rotation (rotation) of opening and closing penholder (17).
" revolution line " is positioned at the structure upper strata, comprises two stem gears that diameter arranged side by side is identical, one main one from, the axle core of driving gear (3) is upward through handle (1) and links with drawing knob (2); The axle core of driven gear (4) links to downward-extension and scale bar (11) and center of circle pin (12), three's consubstantiality, rotational synchronization.
" rotation wire " is positioned at the lower floor of structure, and parts comprise driving gear (5), driven gear (6), break-in tooth (7), bevel gear (8), horizontal helical teeth bar (9), vertical helical gear (10), rotation pen clip (13).Wherein break-in tooth (7) and driven gear (6) consubstantiality, one takes turns two teeth, under passed; Bevel gear (8) and horizontal helical teeth bar (9) consubstantiality, a bar amphitypy frontly is subjected to rear biography; Vertically helical gear (10) and rotation pen clip (13) consubstantiality, a core two connects, under passed." rotation wire " omnidistance twice speed change (gear velocity of rotation), two secondary shafts (the gear shaft core transforms anyhow), three break-ins (gear direction of rotation), when arriving pen clip (13), just in time the direction of rotation with scale bar (11) is opposite for direction of rotation, coincide with mathematical principle." two lines " up and down is parallel, and by coaxial association, the first gear on two lines is the active wheels, is the connecting shaft wheel, the second gear is driven wheels, is upward the connecting shaft wheel, and lower is bearing wheel, the bearing wheel case is held the axle core, and is not synchronized in the same way with the axle core, plays fulcrum and takes over from the past and sets a new course for the future.
" rotation wire " lower minute " three grades ", the first order are " speed change level ", and driving gear (5) is 2: 1 with the diameter ratio of driven gear (6), rotating speed are put be twice, and rotate with this additional scale bar (11) angle of bringing and offset; The second level is " speed and direction changing level ", and the gear ratio of break-in tooth (7) and bevel gear (8) is 2: 1, and rotating speed is exaggerated one times again, and this is due to the mathematical principle requirement, and this structure makes rotating shaft break-in 90 degree simultaneously, and is horizontal by vertical transfer; The third level is " constant speed break-in level ", and horizontal helical teeth bar (9) makes rotating shaft break-in 90 degree again with the kind of drive of vertical helical gear (10), turn perpendicular by horizontal, and the tooth bar form is all identical with diameter, becomes constant-speed transmission.Scale bar (11) is also had a platform feature, and horizontal helical teeth bar (9) is set in parallel in the upper end, and there is bearing block (16) at two ends, on slide block (14) embedding folder is arranged, move left and right; Slide block (14) built-in bearing, vertically helical gear (10) and rotation coaxial being connected of pen clip (13), synchronously rotate up and down; The rotation of pen clip (13) finally drives penholder (17) and rotates, and realizes " rotation ", completes drawing.
Described adjusting part refers to that diagram parameter calculates and operation is regulated, and associated components comprises scale bar (11), slide block (14), rotation pen clip (13), opening and closing penholder (17), degree of tightness knob (15), auxiliary center of circle pin (18).Slide block (14) is by degree of tightness knob (15) adjusting position, and diagram parameter (19) correspondence of calculated in advance is implemented on scale bar (11).Be sandwiched in the opening and closing penholder (17) of rotation pen clip (13), carry out opening and closing according to parameter (19), opening angle (20) is larger, institute's ellipse of painting is more flat, and angle is less, near circle, when angle is zero for just round, so ellipsograph of the present invention can be used as common compasses.The concrete steps of regulating of drawing are summarised as " calculation two moves three and opens ", during use, according to known oval length half axis data, at first calculating mean value (a+b)/2, then as shown in Figure 2, find corresponding scale on scale bar (11), moving slider (14), alignment is tightened, open again penholder (17), make the numerical value of nib correspondence on scale bar equal major semiaxis a, so far complete adjusting, begin to draw.For first use or inadequate practician, can keep its plumbness by auxiliary center of circle pin (18), guarantee drawing quality.
Claims (10)
1. a mathematics proposition " the revolution rotation is said ", propose and prove by the inventor, particular content is: " circle is along a circuit orbit rotation (revolution); its rotation simultaneously; if sense of rotation and revolution opposite direction; and spin velocity is the twice of revolution angular speed, track of the upper arbitrfary point of this moving circle is ellipse so.”
2. based on the ellipsograph of claim 1, it is characterized in that realizing the visual of mathematic curve with simple and mechanical motion, it has demonstrated fully mathematical principle, and its form and mode of operation all match with the compasses of traditional sense.
3. ellipsograph as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the specific embodiment has been selected " two three grades, lines " gear mechanism transmission mode, and described " two lines " comprises " revolution line " and " autobiography line "; Described " three grades " comprise " speed change level ", " speed and direction changing level " and " constant speed break-in level ", are the classifications under " rotation wire ".
4. ellipsograph as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, " two lines " layout is divided into two the rotation function of drawing knob, pass to different demand points by two circuits: the one, the positive direction rotation (revolution) of scale bar, the 2nd, the opposite direction speed rotation (rotation) of opening and closing penholder.
5. as claim 3,4 described ellipsographs, it is characterized in that, " revolution line " is positioned at the structure upper strata, comprise two stem gears that diameter arranged side by side is identical, one main one is upward through handle from, the axle core of driving gear links with the drawing knob and is integrated, and the axle core of driven gear is to downward-extension and scale bar and the link of center of circle pin, three's consubstantiality, rotational synchronization.
6. as claim 3,4 described ellipsographs, it is characterized in that, " rotation wire " is positioned at the lower floor of structure, kinetic energy transmission wherein is divided into three grades, the first order is " speed change level ", driving gear is 2: 1 with the diameter ratio of driven gear, rotating speed is put be twice, and rotates with this additional scale bar the angle of bringing and offsets; The second level is " speed and direction changing level ", and the configuration structure of the break-in tooth bar below driven gear and the umbrella tooth bar of horizontal helical teeth bar front end makes rotating shaft break-in 90 degree, horizontal by vertical transfer, simultaneously gear ratio is 2: 1, and rotating speed is exaggerated one times again, and this is due to the mathematical principle requirement; The third level is " constant speed break-in level ", and horizontal helical teeth bar and the vertical helical gear kind of drive make rotating shaft break-in 90 degree again, turn perpendicular by horizontal, and the tooth bar configuration are all identical with diameter, makes it to be constant-speed transmission.
7. as claim 3,4,6 described ellipsographs, it is characterized in that, " rotation wire " omnidistance twice speed change (gear velocity of rotation), two secondary shafts (the gear shaft core transforms anyhow), three break-ins (gear direction of rotation), when arriving pen clip, just in time the direction of rotation with scale bar is opposite for direction of rotation, coincide with mathematical principle.
8. ellipsograph as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that a kind of bimanualness instrument, utilizes gear-driven invertibity, and the user can freely draw as the common compasses of use, can operate by positive and negative 360 degree; Operating element comprises one handle and a drawing knob, and handle has the total platform feature of machinery concurrently, and transmission system is as relying on and the starting point drops down.
9. ellipsograph as claimed in claim 2, the concrete steps of regulating that it is characterized in that drawing are " calculation two moves three and opens ", during use, according to known oval length half axis data, at first calculating mean value (a+b)/2, then the slide block on mobile scale bar, implement calculated value, open again penholder, make the numerical value of nib correspondence on scale bar equal major semiaxis a.
10. " the revolution rotation is said " as claimed in claim 1, its principle can be spreaded to industry and other field, can form the frame for movement of various modes, produces different purposes, or promotes the improvement to production technology.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110342379.0A CN103085544B (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2011-11-03 | A kind of ellipsograph |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110342379.0A CN103085544B (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2011-11-03 | A kind of ellipsograph |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103085544A true CN103085544A (en) | 2013-05-08 |
| CN103085544B CN103085544B (en) | 2016-06-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201110342379.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103085544B (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2011-11-03 | A kind of ellipsograph |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103950326A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-07-30 | 华东理工大学 | Elliptic trammel |
| CN104494339A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-08 | 柳州职业技术学院 | Mechanical ellipsometer |
| CN109080338A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of variable-ratio machine driving compasses |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB390136A (en) * | 1930-06-24 | 1933-03-30 | Otto Klemer | A double geared ellipsograph |
| SU435958A1 (en) * | 1972-05-03 | 1974-07-15 | В. П. Логошко Алтайский моторный завод | DEVICE FOR CROSSING ELLIPS |
| CN85202416U (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1986-07-09 | 航天工业部第三研究院第三设计部 | Model a ellipsograph |
| CN85201209U (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-08-20 | 黄善坤 | Multipurpose compass |
| CN2034528U (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1989-03-22 | 庄端华 | Drawing instrument for drawing ellipse |
| CN2042417U (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1989-08-09 | 那文绪 | Ellipsograph |
| CN1076159A (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1993-09-15 | 李奋强 | A kind of suspended and rotatable ellipsograph with bevel gear |
| CN2237553Y (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 1996-10-16 | 杨志坤 | Ellipsograph |
| CN2318049Y (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-05-12 | 王卓卓 | Ellipsograph |
| CN201338474Y (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-11-04 | 穆合塔尔·麦提努日 | Elliptical compass |
-
2011
- 2011-11-03 CN CN201110342379.0A patent/CN103085544B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB390136A (en) * | 1930-06-24 | 1933-03-30 | Otto Klemer | A double geared ellipsograph |
| SU435958A1 (en) * | 1972-05-03 | 1974-07-15 | В. П. Логошко Алтайский моторный завод | DEVICE FOR CROSSING ELLIPS |
| CN85201209U (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-08-20 | 黄善坤 | Multipurpose compass |
| CN85202416U (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1986-07-09 | 航天工业部第三研究院第三设计部 | Model a ellipsograph |
| CN2034528U (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1989-03-22 | 庄端华 | Drawing instrument for drawing ellipse |
| CN2042417U (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1989-08-09 | 那文绪 | Ellipsograph |
| CN1076159A (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1993-09-15 | 李奋强 | A kind of suspended and rotatable ellipsograph with bevel gear |
| CN2237553Y (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 1996-10-16 | 杨志坤 | Ellipsograph |
| CN2318049Y (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-05-12 | 王卓卓 | Ellipsograph |
| CN201338474Y (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-11-04 | 穆合塔尔·麦提努日 | Elliptical compass |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103950326A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-07-30 | 华东理工大学 | Elliptic trammel |
| CN103950326B (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2016-04-20 | 华东理工大学 | Ellipsograph |
| CN104494339A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-08 | 柳州职业技术学院 | Mechanical ellipsometer |
| CN104494339B (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-04-06 | 柳州职业技术学院 | A kind of mechanical type ellipsograph |
| CN109080338A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of variable-ratio machine driving compasses |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103085544B (en) | 2016-06-15 |
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