CN103084574B - Preparation method of diamond bits and sintering device thereof - Google Patents

Preparation method of diamond bits and sintering device thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103084574B
CN103084574B CN201310055467.1A CN201310055467A CN103084574B CN 103084574 B CN103084574 B CN 103084574B CN 201310055467 A CN201310055467 A CN 201310055467A CN 103084574 B CN103084574 B CN 103084574B
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minutes
pressure
sintering
temperature
preparation
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CN103084574A (en
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刘青
胡郁乐
段隆臣
吴来杰
张建斌
陈家富
刘全心
吴水平
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HUBEI CHANGJIANG-JINGGONG MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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HUBEI CHANGJIANG-JINGGONG MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and a sintering device of diamond bits. The preparation method comprises batching and filling die, hot pressed sintering, heat preservation and receding die, and sequential processing procedures, wherein the hot pressed sintering procedure uses changeable medium frequency sintering, two-way vibration pressure and two-track temperature and pressure curve control. The sintering device is composed of a hot press, a medium frequency power supply and a control system, the control system detects sintering temperature in real time through an infrared thermometer, and adjusts electric current and working efficiency of the medium frequency power supply through a controller, and meanwhile detects hydro-cylinder pressure in real time through a pressure sensor, and the control system is made to operate according to setting temperature and pressure curve of the system. The preparation method and the sintering device of the diamond bits has the advantages of being simple in process, high in degree of automation by using full numerical control, small in graphite dies for sintering, and energy-saving and cost-reducing. By using the preparation method and the sintering device of the diamond bits to manufacture impregnated diamond bits, average manufacturing time of bits is shortened by 40%, power consumption is reduced by 36%, and service life is prolonged by more than 40%.

Description

A kind of preparation method of diamond bit and sintering equipment thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of drill bit preparation method and sintering equipment thereof, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method and sintering equipment thereof of diamond-impregnated bit.
Background technology
Diamond-impregnated bit is the requisite instrument of geological prospecting, and engineering demand amount is large.The main method that Present Domestic is produced diamond-impregnated bit is powder metallurgic method, wherein master operation link includes four steps:: batching dress mould, cold moudling, heat-agglomerating and postorder are processed, wherein " cold moudling " and " heat-agglomerating " two process procedures are used respectively independently hydraulic test and Intermediate Frequency Induction Heating Equipment to carry out, and manual operation connects operation overall process.
There are following 3 deficiencies in existing diamond drill machine head manufacturing technique: the one, and drill bit is pressed and is burnt in manufacture process, and cold moudling and heat-agglomerating are separately carried out, and operation is numerous and diverse, and the cycle is longer.The 2nd, cold moudling is unidirectional rigidity mold pressing, and pressure fixing is constant, and bit matrix internal pressure gradient is large, and bit matrix density improves limited, and inhomogeneous.The 3rd, heat-agglomerating is simple Frequency Induction Heating, frequency is fixing non-adjustable, cannot meet the sintering temperature requirement of the different metal powder in formula materials, diamond graphitization phenomenon is uncontrollable simultaneously, causes bit matrix sintering strength and quality also to have limitation.Therefore, existing drill produced manufacturing process efficiency is not high, and it is large that its quality is subject to manual operation factor to affect fluctuation, stable not.
CN102274972 discloses " a kind of manufacture method of annular ultrathin diamond drill bit ", and the method mainly comprises the operations such as steel system work, mixing material, powder are loaded, heating pressure sintering, following process.Wherein heat pressure sintering and adopt high-frequency induction welder to mold heated, powder is directly sintered on steel body.The method unites two into one " compressing " and " heat-agglomerating " to carry out simultaneously, operational sequence and preparation time have been reduced, alleviated manipulation strength, but because high-frequency induction frequency is non-adjustable, heating-up temperature can not meet the sintering requirement of the different metal powder in preparation powder simultaneously, the bit matrix degree of consolidation producing is limited, and in sintering process, diamond scaling loss is serious.
CN101144370 provides a kind of " preparation method of hot pressing high phosphorus iron base diamond drilling bit ", and the method comprises operations such as getting the raw materials ready, join powder and batch mixing, dress mould, hot pressed sintering, and wherein hot pressed sintering adopts middle frequency furnace sintering.The method adopts hot pressing process, operational sequence and preparation time have been reduced, alleviated manipulation strength, but because hot pressing is that unidirectional rigidity is exerted pressure, in preparation powder, there is barometric gradient, the different parts Density inhomogeneity of carcass, the bit matrix degree of consolidation producing and service life are also very limited.
In order to improve production efficiency and the product quality of diamond bit, the applicant once attempted adopting increasing cold moudling pressure, the ways such as the temperature control of raising agglomerating plant and precision are improved the quality of drill bit product, although product quality increases, but still exist the production cycle to extend, manual operations operation increases, the deficiencies such as unstable product quality, and resultant effect is not ideal enough.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of employing to become Median frequency sintering, direction vibration is exerted pressure, double track temperature and pressure curve controlled technique is prepared diamond bit method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of employing and becomes Median frequency sintering, direction vibration is exerted pressure, double track curve controlled technique is prepared diamond bit special-purpose sintering equipment.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of preparation method of diamond bit, comprise batching dress mould, hot pressed sintering, mould and subsequent treatment operation are moved back in insulation, it is characterized in that this preparation method's hot pressed sintering operation adopts change Median frequency sintering, direction vibration is exerted pressure and double track temperature and pressure curve controlled, the alloyed powder of preparation is in advance mixed to obtain to metal powder material with diamond by proportioning, be filled into mould and be placed in change Medium frequency induction circle, limit heating edge is implemented the pressure sintering of direction vibration formula, its temperature and pressure is implemented double track curve controlled, after mould is moved back in insulation, be semi-finished product, through subsequent treatment, obtain finished product again,
Described batching press setter order: described alloyed powder and adamantine proportioning are 1:10~15;
Described hot pressed sintering operation: described hot pressing vibratory sintering temperature is 400~950 ℃, and pressure is 10~70KN, and pressure head vibration frequency is 700~1000 beats/min, and amplitude is 4~9mm;
Die process is moved back in described insulation: the graphite jig after hot pressed sintering is placed in to perlite sandstone, and insulation is cooled to room temperature backed off after random mould;
Described subsequent treatment operation: the drill bit after the demoulding is without machining boiling water mouth, directly polishing, polishing, spray paint, mark, packing diamond bit finished product.
Described hot pressed sintering operation, comprises the steps:
1. will be filled with the graphite jig of metal powder material, be placed between the induction coil as the output of intermediate frequency power supply generator, upper push-down head;
2. sintering equipment is set to automatic bidirectional vibration compacting, automatically becomes Median frequency sintering program, by technological parameter requirement, sets each section of temperature and pressure parameter value, will control curve and preserve pending;
3. start sintering equipment, graphite jig limit heating edge is implemented to the pressurization of direction vibration formula, its temperature and pressure is implemented double track curve controlled technique, 480~840 ℃ of hot pressed sintering temperature, pressure 12~65KN, 800~900 beats/min of pressure head vibration frequencies, amplitude 5~8mm;
Described double track temperature and pressure is controlled one of curve: temperature raises from 480 ℃~840 ℃ slopes, during by 3 minutes, is elevated to 840 ℃, in 3~7 minutes, is incubated 4 minutes, slope cooling in 7~8.5 minutes, during by 8.5 minutes, stop heating, oil cylinder backhaul; Pressure raises from 13kN~55kN slope, is elevated to 55kN, pressurize in 3~8.5 minutes, oil cylinder backhaul during by 8.5 minutes during by 3 minutes;
Described double track temperature and pressure is controlled two of curve: temperature heats up from 480 ℃~690 ℃ slopes, during by 2 minutes, reach 690 ℃, in 2~3 minutes, be incubated 1 minute, in 3~4 minutes, slope heats up, and by 4 minutes, reaches 860 ℃, in 4~6 minutes, be incubated 2 minutes, in 6~7 minutes, slope cools to 740 ℃, in 7~8 minutes, is incubated 1 minute, slope cooling in 8~8.5 minutes, after 8.5 minutes, stop heating, oil cylinder backhaul; Pressure raises from 13kN~45kN slope, during by 2 minutes, be raised to 45kN, from pressurize in 2~3 minutes 1 minute, from 3~4 minutes pressure slope, be elevated to 65kN, from pressurize in 4~6 minutes 2 minutes, 6~7 minutes pressure slope, reduce, during by 7 minutes, drop to 45kN, pressurize in 7~8.5 minutes, to oil cylinder backhaul in 8.5 minutes.
A kind of sintering equipment of preparing diamond bit, comprise hot press, intermediate frequency power supply and switch board, the bottom of hot press is provided with hydraulic system, middle part is provided with, push-down head, induction coil, infrared radiation thermometer, switch board outer setting has panel and operating desk, inside is provided with controller, controller comprises single-chip microcomputer, Temperature Controlling Chip and trigger unit for thyristor, single-chip microcomputer and hydraulic system, infrared radiation thermometer is connected with Temperature Controlling Chip, Temperature Controlling Chip is connected with trigger unit for thyristor, trigger unit for thyristor is connected with intermediate frequency power supply, intermediate frequency power supply is connected with induction coil, it is characterized in that described hydraulic system is the vibratory hydraulic system with vibrating device, hot press upper, lower two pressure heads are connected with vibratory hydraulic system respectively, described intermediate frequency power supply is for becoming intermediate frequency power supply generator.
Described change intermediate frequency power supply generator is provided with at least two-way frequency changer circuit.
Apparatus of the present invention form temperature closed loop by controller, infrared radiation thermometer, intermediate frequency power supply and Temperature Controlling Chip to be controlled, by controller, vibratory hydraulic system and the closed-loop control of trigger unit for thyristor decomposition pressure.During work, controller utilizes infrared radiation thermometer to detect in real time the temperature of sintering, and by controller, regulates heating current and the operating frequency of intermediate frequency power supply, makes it the temperature curve operation according to default.Meanwhile, utilize the pressure sensor in vibratory hydraulic system to detect in real time the oil cylinder working-pressure of hydraulic system, and regulate electro-hydraulic proportional valve and trigger unit for thyristor by controller, make it the pressure curve operation according to default.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1, integrated heating, hydraulic pressure and vibrational system on an equipment, " direction vibration hot pressed sintering " process of execution, simultaneously in hot pressed sintering process, use double track temperature and pressure curve controlled, meet the technological requirement of different user and different formulations material, guarantee the uniformity of production process full-automation and product quality, production efficiency and the service life of greatly having improved drill bit.
2, hot operation is become to " change intermediate frequency " heating from " permanent intermediate frequency " heating; rationally utilize the exterior heat of different frequency heat effect and diathermanous; heat the metal powder material of carcass different parts; effectively improve carcass sintering strength; protection diamond particles is avoided graphitization; and improved sintering temperature applicability, and ensure and realize diamond bit constant product quality, realize manufacture process energy-conserving and environment-protective.
3, " pressure " operation is become to " direction vibration is exerted pressure " from " single-direction, constant pressure ", on the basis of constant voltage control signal, be superimposed with the vibration signal of certain frequency and amplitude, thereby produce oscillatory type pressurization, realize the vibration compacting in sintering process, utilize vibratory impulse to defeat real and vibration gap exhaust, effectively improve the density of pressed compact.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is preparation technology's FB(flow block) of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is one of double track temperature and pressure curve map of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is two of double track temperature and pressure curve map of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is sintering equipment structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that sintering equipment circuit of the present invention connects block diagram.
Fig. 6 is sintering equipment control principle block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is intermediate-frequency power circuit block diagram of the present invention.
In figure: hot press 1, induction coil 11, seaming chuck 12, push-down head 13, hydraulic system 14, Pressure gauge 15, intermediate frequency power supply 2, control button 21, switch board 3, panel 31, operating desk 32, controller 33, single-chip microcomputer 33a, Temperature Controlling Chip 33b, trigger unit for thyristor 33c, infrared radiation thermometer 4.
The specific embodiment
By reference to the accompanying drawings, the invention will be further described for following examples.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of preparation method of diamond bit, comprising that batching dress mould, hot pressed sintering, insulation move back mould and subsequent treatment operation.Batching press setter order is that the alloyed powder of preparation is in advance mixed to obtain to metal powder material with diamond by the proportioning of 1:10~15, is filled into graphite jig, and the present embodiment proportioning is 1:12.Hot pressed sintering operation adopts change Median frequency sintering, direction vibration is exerted pressure and double track temperature and pressure curve controlled technique, be opposite to the graphite jig enforcement direction vibration formula hot pressed sintering that becomes Medium frequency induction circle, sintering temperature is 400~950 ℃, pressure is 10~70KN, pressure head vibration frequency is 700~1000 beats/min, and amplitude is 4~9mm.It is that the graphite jig after hot pressed sintering is placed in to perlite sandstone that die process is moved back in insulation, and it is semi-finished product that insulation is cooled to room temperature backed off after random mould.Subsequent treatment operation be by the drill blank after the demoulding without machining boiling water mouth, directly polishing, polishing, spray paint, mark, be packaged into diamond bit finished product.
The concrete steps of the present embodiment hot pressed sintering operation are: will be filled with the graphite jig of metal powder material, be placed between the induction coil as intermediate frequency power supply output, upper push-down head; Sintering equipment is set to automatic bidirectional vibration and suppresses, automatically becomes Median frequency sintering, and sets each section of temperature and pressure parameter value by technological parameter requirement, controls curve and preserves pending state; Start hot press and intermediate frequency power supply, graphite jig limit heating edge is implemented to the pressurization of direction vibration formula, 480~860 ℃ of hot pressed sintering temperature, pressure 12~65KN, pressure head vibration frequency is set to 850 beats/min, and amplitude is set to 7mm.In hot pressed sintering process, temperature and pressure is implemented double track curve controlled technique.Double track temperature and pressure is controlled one of curve: temperature raises from 480 ℃~840 ℃ slopes, during by 3 minutes, is elevated to 840 ℃, in 3~7 minutes, is incubated 4 minutes, and slope cooling in 7~8.5 minutes, during by 8.5 minutes, stops heating, oil cylinder backhaul; Pressure raises from 13kN~55kN slope, is elevated to 55kN, pressurize in 3~8.5 minutes, oil cylinder backhaul (referring to Fig. 2) during by 8.5 minutes during by 3 minutes.Double track temperature and pressure is controlled two of curve: temperature heats up from 480 ℃~690 ℃ slopes, during by 2 minutes, reach 690 ℃, in 2~3 minutes, be incubated 1 minute, in 3~4 minutes, slope heats up, and by 4 minutes, reaches 860 ℃, in 4~6 minutes, be incubated 2 minutes, in 6~7 minutes, slope cools to 740 ℃, in 7~8 minutes, is incubated 1 minute, slope cooling in 8~8.5 minutes, after 8.5 minutes, stop heating, oil cylinder backhaul; Pressure raises from 13kN~45kN slope, during by 2 minutes, be raised to 45kN, from pressurize in 2~3 minutes 1 minute, from 3~4 minutes pressure slope, be elevated to 65kN, from pressurize in 4~6 minutes 2 minutes, 6~7 minutes pressure slope, reduce, during by 7 minutes, drop to 45kN, pressurize in 7~8.5 minutes, to oil cylinder backhaul (referring to Fig. 3) in 8.5 minutes.
Referring to Fig. 4~7, a sintering equipment of preparing diamond bit, comprises hot press 1, intermediate frequency power supply 2 and switch board 3, and the bottom of hot press 1 is provided with hydraulic system 11, middle part is provided with upper and lower pressure head 12 and 13, induction coil 14, infrared radiation thermometer 4, and top is provided with Pressure gauge 15.Switch board 3 outer setting have panel 31 and operating desk 32, and inside is provided with the controller 33 being connected with operating desk 32 with panel 31.Controller 33 comprises single-chip microcomputer 33a, Temperature Controlling Chip 33b and trigger unit for thyristor 33c, single-chip microcomputer 33a is connected with hydraulic system 14, infrared radiation thermometer 4 and Temperature Controlling Chip 33b, Temperature Controlling Chip 33b is connected with trigger unit for thyristor 33c, trigger unit for thyristor 33c is connected with intermediate frequency power supply 2, and intermediate frequency power supply 2 is connected with induction coil 14.The hydraulic system 11 of hot press is the vibratory hydraulic system with vibrating device, and vibration frequency is 700~1000 beats/min, amplitude 4~9mm, and the present embodiment vibration frequency is set to 850 beats/min, and amplitude is set to 7mm.Upper and lower two pressure heads 12 of hot press are connected with vibratory hydraulic system 11 respectively with 13.In vibratory hydraulic system 11, be also provided with pressure sensor and electro-hydraulic proportional valve.Intermediate frequency power supply 2, for to have at least change intermediate frequency power supply generator of two-way intermediate frequency resonance circuit, the present embodiment to be provided with three road intermediate frequency resonance circuits, by automatic change-over, need to automatically switch and realize frequency conversion sintering by temperature.
Sintering equipment of the present invention has adopted digital Intelligent PID Control technology; arranged and stored more than 100 groups temperature and pressure curve datas; in sintering process; can be according to predefined temperature and pressure curve motion; can need to select at any time and revise according to technique; while repeatedly repeating sintering; can guarantee stability and the uniformity of technological parameter; and there is self-diagnostic function; operation troubles that can automatic monitoring system; comprise overheated, lack of water, miscommunication etc., can give failure alarm signal and shut down to be repaired.
The control of sintering equipment temperature and pressure of the present invention and the processing of data are realized by special-purpose software, because software does not belong to protection domain of the present invention, at this, do not elaborate.
Manufacture craft of the present invention is simple, and sintering equipment adopts Full-numerical-control to control, and automaticity is high, and sintering graphite jig size is little, energy-saving and cost-reducing.Adopt preparation technology of the present invention and sintering equipment to manufacture diamond-impregnated bit, can make the average manufacturing time of drill bit shorten 40%, power consumption reduces 36%, and working life improves more than 40%.

Claims (5)

1. the preparation method of a diamond bit, comprise batching dress mould, hot pressed sintering, mould and subsequent treatment operation are moved back in insulation, it is characterized in that this preparation method's hot pressed sintering operation adopts change Median frequency sintering, direction vibration is exerted pressure and double track temperature and pressure curve controlled technique, the alloyed powder of preparation is in advance mixed to obtain to metal powder material with diamond by proportioning, be filled into mould and be placed in change Medium frequency induction circle, limit heating edge is implemented the pressure sintering of direction vibration formula, its temperature and pressure is implemented double track curve controlled, after mould is moved back in insulation, be semi-finished product, through subsequent treatment operation, obtain finished product again,
Described batching press setter order: described alloyed powder and adamantine proportioning are 1:10~15;
Described hot pressed sintering operation: described hot pressing vibratory sintering temperature is 400~950 ℃, and pressure is 10~70KN, and pressure head vibration frequency is 700~1000 beats/min, and amplitude is 4~9mm;
Die process is moved back in described insulation: the graphite jig after hot pressed sintering is placed in to perlite sandstone, and insulation is cooled to room temperature backed off after random mould;
Described subsequent treatment operation: the drill bit after the demoulding is without machining boiling water mouth, directly polishing, polishing, spray paint, mark, packing diamond bit finished product.
2. the preparation method of a kind of diamond bit according to claim 1, is characterized in that described hot pressed sintering operation comprises the steps:
1. will be filled with the graphite jig of metal powder material, be placed in as between the induction coil that becomes the output of intermediate frequency power supply generator, upper push-down head;
2. sintering equipment is set to automatic bidirectional vibration compacting, automatically becomes Median frequency sintering program, by technological parameter requirement, sets each section of temperature and pressure parameter value, will control curve and preserve pending;
3. start sintering equipment, graphite jig limit heating edge is implemented to the pressurization of direction vibration formula, its temperature and pressure is implemented double track curve controlled technique, 480~840 ℃ of hot pressed sintering temperature, pressure 12~65KN, 800~900 beats/min of pressure head vibration frequencies, amplitude 5~8mm.
3. the preparation method of a kind of diamond bit according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that one of described double track temperature and pressure control curve is: temperature raises from 480 ℃~840 ℃ slopes, during by 3 minutes, be elevated to 840 ℃, in 3~7 minutes, be incubated 4 minutes, slope cooling in 7~8.5 minutes, during by 8.5 minutes, stop heating, oil cylinder backhaul; Pressure raises from 13kN~55kN slope, is elevated to 55kN, pressurize in 3~8.5 minutes, oil cylinder backhaul during by 8.5 minutes during by 3 minutes; Described double track temperature and pressure is controlled two of curve: temperature heats up from 480 ℃~690 ℃ slopes, during by 2 minutes, reach 690 ℃, in 2~3 minutes, be incubated 1 minute, in 3~4 minutes, slope heats up, and by 4 minutes, reaches 860 ℃, in 4~6 minutes, be incubated 2 minutes, in 6~7 minutes, slope cools to 740 ℃, in 7~8 minutes, is incubated 1 minute, slope cooling in 8~8.5 minutes, after 8.5 minutes, stop heating, oil cylinder backhaul; Pressure raises from 13kN~45kN slope, during by 2 minutes, be raised to 45kN, from pressurize in 2~3 minutes 1 minute, from 3~4 minutes pressure slope, be elevated to 65kN, from pressurize in 4~6 minutes 2 minutes, 6~7 minutes pressure slope, reduce, during by 7 minutes, drop to 45kN, pressurize in 7~8.5 minutes, to oil cylinder backhaul in 8.5 minutes.
4. a sintering equipment of preparing diamond bit, comprise hot press (1), intermediate frequency power supply (2) and switch board (3), the bottom of hot press (1) is provided with hydraulic system (11), middle part is provided with seaming chuck (12), push-down head (13), induction coil (14), infrared radiation thermometer (4), switch board (3) outer setting has panel (31) and operating desk (32), inside is provided with controller (33), controller (33) comprises single-chip microcomputer (33a), Temperature Controlling Chip (33b) and trigger unit for thyristor (33c), single-chip microcomputer (33a) and hydraulic system (11), infrared radiation thermometer (4) is connected with Temperature Controlling Chip (33b), Temperature Controlling Chip (33b) is connected with trigger unit for thyristor (33c), trigger unit for thyristor (33c) is connected with intermediate frequency power supply (2), intermediate frequency power supply (2) is connected with induction coil (14), it is characterized in that described hydraulic system (11) is for the vibratory hydraulic system with vibrating device, the seaming chuck (12) of hot press (1) is connected with vibratory hydraulic system respectively with push-down head (13), described intermediate frequency power supply (2) is for becoming intermediate frequency power supply generator.
5. a kind of sintering equipment of preparing diamond bit according to claim 4, is characterized in that described change intermediate frequency power supply generator is provided with at least two-way intermediate frequency resonance circuit.
CN201310055467.1A 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Preparation method of diamond bits and sintering device thereof Expired - Fee Related CN103084574B (en)

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CN106352694A (en) * 2016-10-26 2017-01-25 西南交通大学 Intermediate frequency bidirectional vibration sintering furnace
CN106524748A (en) * 2016-10-26 2017-03-22 西南交通大学 Medium-frequency unidirectional-vibration atmosphere sintering furnace
CN106369993A (en) * 2016-10-26 2017-02-01 西南交通大学 Intermediate-frequency two-way vibration atmosphere sintering furnace
CN108555302B (en) * 2018-01-22 2019-08-30 华中科技大学 A kind of cold increasing material/warm and hot forging combined shaping method of amorphous alloy part
CN108655395B (en) * 2018-05-18 2020-04-10 桂林特邦新材料有限公司 Method for improving flatness and uniformity of composite sheet
CN110666156B (en) * 2019-10-23 2021-08-24 璞奔(常州)新材料科技有限公司 Hub manufacturing method and system
CN113624014A (en) * 2021-08-16 2021-11-09 吉林大学 Uniform-temperature heating rotary device for preparing energy-saving diamond-impregnated bit

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