CN103077753B - Passive shutdown device for heat-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation - Google Patents
Passive shutdown device for heat-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103077753B CN103077753B CN201310032285.2A CN201310032285A CN103077753B CN 103077753 B CN103077753 B CN 103077753B CN 201310032285 A CN201310032285 A CN 201310032285A CN 103077753 B CN103077753 B CN 103077753B
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- sensitive material
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- buckle
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- plate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention relates to a passive shutdown device for a heat-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation and belongs to the technical field of passive shutdown safety equipment of nuclear reactors. A drive body is connected with two movable hanger plates by two hinges respectively; the two ends of a pre-loading spring are connected with the two movable hanger plates; one end of a horizontal buckling plate is articulated with the movable hanger plate on one side; a buckle matched with the horizontal buckling plate is arranged on the movable hanger plate on the other side; the horizontal buckling plate is fastened with the buckle under a normal condition; the pre-loading spring is in a compression state; the bottom ends of the two movable hanger plates clamp a control rod; a lap plate is arranged below the horizontal buckling plate; the heat-sensitive material is placed on the lap plate; the heat-sensitive material deforms at temperature under an accidental condition; the upper end of the heat-sensitive material ejects the horizontal buckling plate open; the two movable hanger plates are opened by an acting force of the pre-loading spring; and timely and automatic shutdown can be achieved when a reaction accident occurs. The device is convenient to implement, simple to control, high in reliability, safe and stable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the safety equipment technical field of the non-active shutdown of nuclear reactor, be specifically related to a kind of non-active shutdown unit of the thermo-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation.
Background technology
The reactor shut-off system of nuclear reactor routine, its principle is equipment operator reaches safe shutdown by adjusting device object when exception appears in reactor or accident occurs.But these modes all need personnel to judge or outside provides energy source and power, safety shutdown timely can not be accomplished, in addition may be ineffective.
The non-active shutdown unit carrying out studying in the world at present has following several: the temperature controlled non-active shutdown unit of (1) magnetic material Curie point, main principle of work is: be connected with magnetisable material between control rod with driving mechanism, magnetic material is utilized to have the feature of Curie-point temperature, namely when temperature is raised to a certain degree, the magnetic of magnetic material declines, make control rod depart from and fall, the most typical representative of this design be Japan its commercial fast reactor design in adopt from reactor shut-off system, (2) gas expansion drive unit: the sleeve pipe being filled with gas at fast reactor reactor core display, when nominal situation, the sodium liquid level of sleeve pipe exceedes core height, play the effect of neutron reflection being returned reactor core, when there is primary Ioops loss-of-flow accident, sodium liquid level declines and reactor core neutron leakage is increased, thus introducing negative reactivity, this reactor shut-off system is for non-protected loss-of-flow accident, be applicable to small-sized reactor core, for large-scale reactor core, enough negative reactivities can not be provided, need with other non-active shutdown unit conbined usage (such as, the temperature controlled non-active shutdown unit SASS and gas expansion drive unit GEM of magnetic material Curie point is set in reactor core simultaneously), Japan and the U.S. have carried out more research to this device, (3) the non-active shutdown unit of liquid suspension, under accidental conditions, cooling medium buoyancy is utilized to make control rod be positioned at reactor core top, under accident conditions, when coolant flow drops to limiting design value, control rod weight exceedes cooling medium buoyancy, control rod fall, this shutdown unit for be also non-protected loss-of-flow accident.The representative of this shutdown unit is non-active shutdown unit PPS and HRS of Muscovite liquid suspension; (4) control rod thermal expansion strengthening driving mechanism, control rod drive mechanisms (CRD) adopts thermal expansion strengthening design, the critical material employing of driving mechanism has the material of special thermal effect (such as, thermal expansivity is much larger than general material, or there is temperature memory performance etc.), when reactor temperature raises, thermal effect material property changes, control rod then can to a certain degree lower insert; When temperature reaches setting limit value, the performance change of thermal effect material also reaches setting limit value, start control rod releasing means, control rod relies on gravity to insert reactor core, the non-active shutdown assembly of Muscovite various temperature effect driving-, the strengthening thermal expansion drive unit of Japan, Germany is that European fast reactor designs, and all belongs to this class.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of non-active shutdown unit of the thermo-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation, for the non-active shutdown of nuclear reactor.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The bottom of driving body is connected with two movable boatswain chairs respectively by two hinges; The two ends of preloading spring are connected with two movable boatswain chairs respectively; One end of horizontal buckle and the movable boatswain chair of side hinged, the movable boatswain chair of opposite side arranges the buckle that mates with horizontal buckle; Under nominal situation, horizontal buckle and buckle fastening, preloading spring is in compressive state, and control rod clamps by the bottom of two movable boatswain chairs; The below of described horizontal buckle arranges an attachment strap, and places thermo-sensitive material on attachment strap; At the temperature of accident conditions, thermo-sensitive material generation deformation, horizontal buckle backs down by its upper end, and two movable boatswain chairs are opened under the acting force of preloading spring, release control rod.
Described thermo-sensitive material is polymeric material, has glass transformation temperature T
g, when material own temperature is greater than T
g, the thermal expansivity of this material is undergone mutation increase, causes the volume of material to undergo mutation; Wherein, T
gspan be 580-630 DEG C.
The thermo-sensitive material utilized in this device is when coolant temperature exceedes its glass transformation temperature, the thermal expansivity of this material self sharply raises, volume is along with the rising undergoes rapid expansion of temperature, by horizontal buckle jack-up, preloading spring discharges its elastic potential energy stored, cause steel plate outwards to open, final control rod falls due to self gravitation effect, realizes the object of non-active shutdown.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: achieve safe, the non-active shutdown timely when nuclear power station occurs exception or has an accident, and reduces and nuclear reactor may be caused to fail timely shutdown, thus cause the danger of a series of serious consequence.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is spring-compressed in the control rod drive of the non-active shutdown of reactor
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram when spring struts in the control rod drive of the non-active shutdown of reactor
Mark in figure:
1-driving body; 2-hinge; 3-preloading spring; The horizontal buckle of 4-; 5-thermo-sensitive material; The movable boatswain chair of 6-; 7-control rod
Embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of non-active shutdown unit of the thermo-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Structure of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, the bottom of driving body 1 by two hinges 2 respectively boatswain chair 6 movable with two be connected; The two ends of preloading spring 3 respectively boatswain chair 6 movable with two are connected; One end of horizontal buckle 4 and the movable boatswain chair of side hinged, the movable boatswain chair of opposite side arranges the buckle that mates with horizontal buckle 4; The below of described horizontal buckle 4 arranges an attachment strap, and on attachment strap, place thermo-sensitive material 5.Thermo-sensitive material 5 is polymeric materials, has glass transformation temperature T
g, when material own temperature is greater than T
g, the thermal expansivity of this material is undergone mutation increase, causes the volume of material to undergo mutation; Wherein, T
gspan be 580-630 DEG C.
Under nominal situation, horizontal buckle 4, by the fastening of two panels activity boatswain chair 6, is hung while reactor core overhead realizing control rod 7, is made preloading spring 3 store certain spring potential energy.When there is exception or occur accident in reactor; the coolant temperature of reactor core raises; thermo-sensitive material 5 own temperature is elevated to its glass transformation temperature scope; thermal expansivity sharply rises; thermo-sensitive material 5 volume undergoes rapid expansion thereupon; horizontal buckle 4 is upspring; the spring 3 of compression discharges its elastic potential energy stored; the movable boatswain chair 6 on both sides is flicked; therefore the control rod 7 of movable boatswain chair 6 end hanging also loses support; because self gravitation effect drops in reactor core, thus achieve the object (shown in Fig. 2) of nuclear reactor shutdown.
Claims (2)
1. based on a non-active shutdown unit for the thermo-sensitive material of temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation, it is characterized in that, the bottom of driving body (1) is connected with two movable boatswain chairs (6) respectively by two hinges (2); The two ends of preloading spring (3) are connected with two movable boatswain chairs (6) respectively; One end of horizontal buckle (4) and the movable boatswain chair of side hinged, the movable boatswain chair of opposite side arranges the buckle that mates with horizontal buckle (4); The below of described horizontal buckle (4) arranges an attachment strap, and on attachment strap, place thermo-sensitive material (5); Under nominal situation, horizontal buckle (4) and buckle fastening, preloading spring (3) is in compressive state, and control rod (7) clamps by the bottom of two movable boatswain chairs (6); At the temperature of accident conditions, there is deformation in thermo-sensitive material (5), horizontal buckle (4) backs down by its upper end, and two movable boatswain chairs (6) are opened under the acting force of preloading spring (3), release control rod (7).
2. the non-active shutdown unit of a kind of thermo-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described thermo-sensitive material (5) is polymeric material, has glass transformation temperature T
g, when described thermo-sensitive material own temperature is greater than T
g, the thermal expansivity of this thermo-sensitive material is undergone mutation increase, causes the volume of described thermo-sensitive material to undergo mutation; Wherein, T
gspan be 580-630 DEG C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310032285.2A CN103077753B (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2013-01-28 | Passive shutdown device for heat-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310032285.2A CN103077753B (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2013-01-28 | Passive shutdown device for heat-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103077753A CN103077753A (en) | 2013-05-01 |
| CN103077753B true CN103077753B (en) | 2015-06-24 |
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| CN201310032285.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103077753B (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2013-01-28 | Passive shutdown device for heat-sensitive material based on temperature rise thermal expansion coefficient mutation |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10497480B2 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-12-03 | Terrapower, Llc | Passive reactivity control in a nuclear fission reactor |
| CN116130122B (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-08-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Automatic power control system for heat pipe cooling reactor |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3824174A1 (en) * | 1988-07-16 | 1990-01-18 | Kurt Prof Dr Ing Kugeler | Method and device for the reduction and limitation of the temperatures during heating accidents in high-temperature nuclear reactors |
| JPH0755980A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1995-03-03 | Toshiba Corp | Reactor shutdown device |
| RU2086009C1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1997-07-27 | Физико-энергетический институт | Heat-sensing starting gear |
| CN101159172A (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2008-04-09 | 清华大学 | Non-passive safety driving mechanism applied to high temperature gas cooled reactor absorption ball shut-down systemic |
| CN203026150U (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-06-26 | 华北电力大学 | Passive shutdown unit based on heat sensitive material with heating thermal expansion coefficient mutation |
-
2013
- 2013-01-28 CN CN201310032285.2A patent/CN103077753B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3824174A1 (en) * | 1988-07-16 | 1990-01-18 | Kurt Prof Dr Ing Kugeler | Method and device for the reduction and limitation of the temperatures during heating accidents in high-temperature nuclear reactors |
| JPH0755980A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1995-03-03 | Toshiba Corp | Reactor shutdown device |
| RU2086009C1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1997-07-27 | Физико-энергетический институт | Heat-sensing starting gear |
| CN101159172A (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2008-04-09 | 清华大学 | Non-passive safety driving mechanism applied to high temperature gas cooled reactor absorption ball shut-down systemic |
| CN203026150U (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-06-26 | 华北电力大学 | Passive shutdown unit based on heat sensitive material with heating thermal expansion coefficient mutation |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 用于快堆非能动停堆系统的磁性连接对的设计优化与完整性综合评价;商昌忠等;《原子能科学技术》;20100331;第44卷(第3期);309-314 * |
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