CN103077266A - Simulation method used for projection three-dimensional display - Google Patents
Simulation method used for projection three-dimensional display Download PDFInfo
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- CN103077266A CN103077266A CN 201210576630 CN201210576630A CN103077266A CN 103077266 A CN103077266 A CN 103077266A CN 201210576630 CN201210576630 CN 201210576630 CN 201210576630 A CN201210576630 A CN 201210576630A CN 103077266 A CN103077266 A CN 103077266A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation method used for projection three-dimensional display, which comprises the following steps of: designing a system parameter according to the display principle of a three-dimensional display system; simulating different visual angle images under the system parameter, and further, verifying the feasibility of an image generating algorithm and the display quality of each image; meanwhile, balancing the influences of the number of visual angles and the resolution ratio of the corresponding visual angle images on a final display effect under the conditions that the system design parameter is changed and the amount of displayed information is not changed to obtain a ratio of the number of the visual angles to the resolution ratio of the corresponding visual angle images when the display effect is optimal; and moreover, analyzing influences of various errors on the final display effect on a physical device through adding simulation of various system errors to the simulation method, so as to obtain the machining accuracy requirement of the system. The simulation method used for the projection three-dimensional display plays a huge promoter action in design and manufacture based on the projection three-dimensional display system, and is unrelated to a mode for generating a specific image of display equipment, and thus, comprehensive analysis can be performed on a display result before a designer sets up hardware to obtain an optimal design scheme.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the emulation mode of 3-D display, relate in particular to a kind of emulation mode for the projection 3-D display.
Background technology
Dimension display technologies refers to by certain technological means, reappears three-dimensional body information in the space.In the last few years, although that dimension display technologies develops is very fast, also be in generally speaking a very elementary stage at present.Dimension display technologies is by the development of decades, and theory part is relatively ripe, but is limited by manufacture level, the more perfect three-dimensional display apparatus of a cover also do not occur at present.
Which kind of displaying principle no matter, the generation of restriction three-dimensional display apparatus has two aspects in summary: the ability of information processing and the ability of presentation information.Because meticulous three-dimensional information amount is how much powers of two dimension, needing the hypervelocity information processing system display capabilities of unifying is the spatial light modulation equipment of the ultrahigh resolution of how much powers of present display device, and current technical merit also can't reach high request like this.Therefore all there is very large compression in present three-dimensional display apparatus quantity of information, contrasts two-dimentional display device and feels obviously that resolution is low and show fuzzyly etc., and this is present dimension display technologies problem in the urgent need to address just.
In the situation that quantity of information is limited, how to obtain a higher-quality 3-D display effect, also be the study hotspot of present dimension display technologies.Because the principle of 3-D display is basically similar at present, just implementation is different.Therefore on the prior art level, the optimization system design improves the 3-D display effect and just seems particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of analogue system universality, that can be used for the projection 3-D display that has, fundamental purpose is to seek one group of optimal design parameters for the projection three-dimensional display system, and can be used for authentication image generating principle feasibility and display effect analysis, and provide accuracy requirement for building of hardware.
A kind of emulation mode for the projection 3-D display, described emulation mode comprises the emulation mode to the emulation mode of projecting display and directional scattering screen, wherein the simulation of projecting display comprises the simulation to the projection lens in the projecting display and aperture, and concrete steps comprise:
(1) imaging process of simulated projections lens group, image projection on the projection display equipment is shielded to directional scattering, obtain the position of each pixel picture point on the directional scattering screen in each projected image, and determine the incident direction of this pixel picture point light according to projection angle;
(2) scattering process of analog directional diffuser screen is vertically being dispersed on a large scale to the pixel picture point that projects on the directional scattering screen, and laterally little dispersing modulated exit direction according to the light incident direction, obtains the visual angle figure corresponding with each visual angle;
(3) pixel among the figure of visual angle is judged, will do not belonged to the being seen pixel deletion of current visual angle and obtain revised visual angle figure, each pixel among all revised visual angle figure is spliced;
(4) adjust the systematic parameter of three-dimensional display system according to splicing effect, such as the transverse scattering angle size of the diaphragm size of adjusting projection lens and directional scattering screen etc.
In the step (3), simulated projections camera lens aperture size determines that according to viewpoint position this visual angle, position each pixel of figure is corresponding to the position in the image of projection display apparatus demonstration; Consider that simultaneously the transverse scattering ability of diffuser screen is on the impact of visual angle figure splicing; Final each visual angle view is formed by the Image Mosaics that a plurality of projection display equipments provide, and determines each several part Image Mosaics effect by aperture size and directional scattering screen transverse scattering ability.
In the step (3), before each pixel is spliced among all revised visual angle figure, at first each pixel is corresponded in the image of projection display apparatus demonstration.
Described projection display equipment is array of rear-projectors; Perhaps, described projection display equipment is comprised of two-dimentional display device and lens array.Emulation mode of the present invention has realized the image array of display of limited display unit is projected to the directional scattering screen, obtains its corresponding display view angle figure at any viewpoint position.Described limited display unit can N * M display unit rule or the irregular array of arranging, also can be that single two-dimentional display device adds N * M lens array formation.
When described projection display equipment was comprised of two-dimentional display device and lens array, the principle of judging in the step (3) was:
Suppose a pixel S (i, j) on the two-dimentional display device, and its minute penetrate radiation direction [0, pi/2) in U (3 pi/2s, the 2 π) scope;
Order:
Function h (S)=[0, pi/2) U (3 pi/2s, 2 π), namely act on certain when vector for its deflection as function h ();
Function # (S)=(pi/2-0)+(2 π-3 pi/2)=π;
Make P (x, y)=f (S), function f () expression imaging relations, x wherein, y is the coordinate that S (i, j) projects to picture point on the diffuser screen;
If directional scattering screen transverse scattering angle is ε, the aperture size is d, and projection lens and diffuser screen distance are D, and viewpoint position is V, can get: θ (P) ≈ d/D+ ε;
If
Then pixel S (i, j) is a V location view part, otherwise is not.
Described directional scattering screen places after the projection display equipment for cambered surface or plane form, is used for presenting projected picture.
In step (3) makeover process, for improving simulation accuracy, need to simulate simultaneously various trueness errors and the impact of restriction on display effect in the three-dimensional display apparatus, consider projection lens position and projecting direction error, distortion and circular aperture are on the impact of display view angle figure brightness uniformity.
Emulation mode for the projection 3-D display of the present invention, can be widely used in structural design and experimental analysis based on the stereoscopic three-dimensional display device of multi-projector display, the little real-time of calculated amount is high, simple to operate flexibly, the simulation result reliability is strong, utilize conventional programming language just can realize.And because the dirigibility of hardware design in the projection three-dimensional display system provides larger design space to the deviser, it is particularly important that the present invention just seems.The present invention can reduce each visual point image efficiently and accurately, has calculated amount little, and travelling speed is fast, and not affected by the image generating principle, only to the advantage such as the simulation extendability of each display unit is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is that the directional scattering screen is the device basic structure schematic diagram of the stereoscopic 3-D display in plane;
Fig. 1 b is that the directional scattering screen is the device basic structure schematic diagram of the stereoscopic 3-D display of cambered surface;
Fig. 2 is the field stitching three-dimensional display apparatus structural representation that liquid crystal panel and projection lens array form;
Fig. 3 is that pixel images in directional scattering screen schematic diagram on the liquid crystal panel;
Fig. 4 is viewpoint view tiled display principle of simulation schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the splicing explanation of viewpoint view;
Among the figure, 1 is that image array of display, 2 is the stitching image part based on scattering for the stitching image part, 7 based on aperture for lens aperture, 6 for liquid crystal panel, 5 for projection lens array, 4 for directional scattering screen, 3.
Embodiment
A kind of emulation mode for the projection 3-D display comprises: to the emulation mode of projecting display and the emulation mode of directional scattering screen, wherein the simulation of projecting display comprises the simulation to the projection lens in the projecting display and aperture.Emulation mode realizes the image array of display of limited display unit is projected to the directional scattering screen, obtains its corresponding display view angle figure at any viewpoint position.
The specific implementation step is as follows:
(1) imaging process of simulated projections lens group on the directional scattering screen, obtains the position of each pixel picture point on the directional scattering screen in each projected image with projector, image projection, and determines the incident angle of this pixel picture point light according to projection angle.
(2) scattering process of analog directional diffuser screen is vertically being dispersed on a large scale to the pixel picture point that projects on the directional scattering screen, and laterally little dispersing modulated exit direction according to the light incident direction.
(3) simulated projections camera lens aperture size determines that according to viewpoint position this visual angle, position each pixel of figure is corresponding to the position in the image of projection display apparatus demonstration; Consider that simultaneously the transverse scattering ability of diffuser screen is on the impact of visual angle figure splicing; Final each visual angle view is formed by the Image Mosaics that a plurality of projection display equipments provide, and determines each several part Image Mosaics effect by aperture size and directional scattering screen transverse scattering ability.
(4) various trueness errors and restriction comprise projection lens position and projecting direction error to the impact of display effect in the simulation three-dimensional display apparatus, and distortion and circular aperture are on the impact of display view angle figure brightness uniformity.
Above-mentioned projection display equipment can be array of rear-projectors, or is comprised of two-dimentional display device and lens array.Described limited display unit can N * M display unit rule or the irregular array of arranging, also can be that single two-dimentional display device adds N * M lens array formation.
Above-mentioned directional scattering screen can be that cambered surface or plane form place after the projection display equipment, is used for presenting projected picture.Shown in Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b), Fig. 1 (a) places projection display equipment 1 directional scattering screen 2 afterwards for plane form; Fig. 1 (b) places projection display equipment 1 directional scattering screen 2 afterwards for the cambered surface form.
The field stitching three-dimensional display apparatus that forms take liquid crystal panel and projection lens array is as example, as shown in Figure 2, device comprises that the directional scattering of image display device 1 and arc shields 2 two parts, and image display device is spliced by projection lens array 3 and liquid crystal panel 4.Image on the liquid crystal panel 4 projects on the arc directional scattering screen 2 by projection lens array 3,2 pairs of emergent ray directions of directional scattering screen limit, in horizontal plane, continue propagation and in vertical plane, carry out large angle scattering along incident direction, thereby radiation direction is controlled in surface level, as long as its light intensity is done suitable modulation can obtain horizontal parallax, thereby realize 3-D display.The visual angle figure that shields the observation point acquisition on 2 right sides at directional scattering is formed by a series of vertical bar Image Mosaics, and these a series of vertical bar images are provided by each projection display equipment.
Simulation process at first by the ideal image principle, is imaged onto arc directional scattering screen 2 with liquid crystal pixel, obtains pixel distribution and incident ray direction corresponding to this pixel that this projection display equipment shows at directional scattering screen 2, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.Directional scattering screen transverse scattering angle is ε, and the aperture size is d, and projection lens and diffuser screen distance are D, and viewpoint position is V.Suppose a pixel S (i, j) on the liquid crystal display, and its minute penetrate radiation direction [0, pi/2) in U (3 pi/2s, the 2 π) scope, namely toward the right emission of light.
Make function h (S)=[0, pi/2) U (3 pi/2s, 2 π),
Function # (S)=(pi/2-0)+(2 π-3 pi/2)=π,
When function h () acts on certain when vector for its deflection;
Make P (x, y)=f (S), function f () expression imaging relations, x wherein, y is the coordinate that S (i, j) projects to picture point on the diffuser screen;
Can get: θ (P) ≈ d/D+ ε;
If
Then pixel S (i, j) is a V location view part, otherwise is not.Node-by-node algorithm can obtain whole view.So obtain final visual angle figure corresponding to this viewpoint, as shown in Figure 5, the size of lens aperture 5 has been determined the size based on the stitching image part 6 of aperture among the figure; The transverse scattering angle size of directional scattering screen has been determined the size based on the stitching image part 7 of scattering; The continuity of view is determined by aperture and transverse scattering angle.Can obtain equally continuous visual angle figure by dwindling the aperture size and increasing directional scattering screen transverse scattering angle, vice versa, and other location view in like manner can obtain.
By introducing various trueness errors, comprise projection lens position and projecting direction error, distortion and circular aperture make the visual angle view of acquisition more near the actual displayed effect on the impact of display view angle figure brightness uniformity.So by regulating the lens arra number, namely repartition subgraph distribution on the liquid crystal display, can further study these those corresponding relations that disappear that rise between visual angle view resolution and the visual angle number, and then draw the allocative decision of an optimum, this is the most significant part of emulation mode.
Although be that the present invention is described further by the mode of illustrating and give an example here; but should be realized that; the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and examples; it is illustrative that the description of preamble only is considered to; and it is nonrestrictive; those skilled in the art can make multiple conversion or modification, as long as no leaving the scope and spirit essence of establishing in the claims, all are considered as within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. an emulation mode that is used for the projection 3-D display is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) image projection on the projection display equipment is shielded to directional scattering, obtain the position of each pixel picture point on the directional scattering screen in each projected image, and determine the incident direction of this pixel picture point light according to projection angle;
(2) scattering process of analog directional diffuser screen is vertically being dispersed on a large scale to the pixel picture point that projects on the directional scattering screen, and laterally little dispersing modulated exit direction according to the light incident direction, obtains the visual angle figure corresponding with each visual angle;
(3) pixel among the figure of visual angle is judged, will do not belonged to the being seen pixel deletion of current visual angle and obtain revised visual angle figure, each pixel among all revised visual angle figure is spliced;
(4) adjust the systematic parameter of three-dimensional display system according to splicing effect.
2. the emulation mode for the projection 3-D display according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step (3), before each pixel is spliced among all revised visual angle figure, at first each pixel is corresponded in the image of projection display apparatus demonstration.
3. the emulation mode for the projection 3-D display according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described projection display equipment is array of rear-projectors.
4. the emulation mode for the projection 3-D display according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described projection display equipment is comprised of two-dimentional display device and lens array.
5. the emulation mode for the projection 3-D display according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the principle of judging in the step (3) is:
Suppose a pixel S (i, j) on the two-dimentional display device, and its emission of light direction [0, pi/2) in U (3 pi/2s, the 2 π) scope;
Order:
Function h (S)=[0, pi/2) U (3 pi/2s, 2 π), namely act on certain when vector for its deflection as function h ();
Function # (S)=(pi/2-0)+(2 π-3 pi/2)=π;
Make P (x, y)=f (S), function f () expression imaging relations, x wherein, y is the coordinate that S (i, j) projects to picture point on the diffuser screen;
If directional scattering screen transverse scattering angle is ε, the aperture size is d, and projection lens and diffuser screen distance are D, and viewpoint position is V, can get: θ (P) ≈ d/D+ ε;
If
Then pixel S (i, j) is a V location view part, otherwise is not.
6. the emulation mode for the projection 3-D display according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described directional scattering screen places after the projection display equipment for cambered surface or plane form, is used for presenting projected picture.
7. the emulation mode for the projection 3-D display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (3) makeover process, consider simultaneously projection lens position and projecting direction error, distortion and circular aperture are on the impact of display view angle figure brightness uniformity.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104735437A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Display screen used for multi-visual point three-dimensional imaging system |
| CN107563088A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-09 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of light field display device emulation mode based on Ray Tracing Algorithm |
| CN108572459A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-25 | 罗宏 | A kind of visible light light field reconstructing system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104735437A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Display screen used for multi-visual point three-dimensional imaging system |
| CN108572459A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-25 | 罗宏 | A kind of visible light light field reconstructing system |
| CN107563088A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-09 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of light field display device emulation mode based on Ray Tracing Algorithm |
| CN107563088B (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-10-01 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of light field display device simulating method based on Ray Tracing Algorithm |
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