CN103076366A - Portable NDT (nondestructive testing) device for peach maturity - Google Patents
Portable NDT (nondestructive testing) device for peach maturity Download PDFInfo
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- CN103076366A CN103076366A CN2013100021198A CN201310002119A CN103076366A CN 103076366 A CN103076366 A CN 103076366A CN 2013100021198 A CN2013100021198 A CN 2013100021198A CN 201310002119 A CN201310002119 A CN 201310002119A CN 103076366 A CN103076366 A CN 103076366A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable NDT device for peach maturity. A fixed base is mounted in a metal shielding box; a slide bar perpendicular to the fixed base is mounted in the middle on one side of the fixed base; a movable base is parallel with the fixed base and is mounted on the slide bar; one end of a movable metal clip is mounted on the slide bar between the two bases, and the other end thereof is a rubber tray; parallel mounting grooves are formed in the long edges of the fixed base and the movable base; and two plate electrodes are mounted in the grooves and are connected with a control circuit. A peach is placed in the rubber tray before testing; positions of parallel plates and the rubber tray are regulated to enable the plates to be contacted with the peach tightly; an embedded controller adds sine waves with specific frequencies onto the plate electrodes; and the equivalent impedance modulus, phase, capacitance and inductance parameters of the parallel plates can be measured through an internal circuit. The peach maturity can be measured because the electrical parameters of peaches with different maturity vary greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Non-Destructive Testing fruit proving installation, especially relate to a kind of portable peach degree of ripeness the cannot-harm-detection device.
Background technology
Peach is one of important Common Fruits of China, market to the high request of quality so that we must to peach postpartum links carry out degree of ripeness and detect.The traditional detection method of fruit maturity mainly is by range estimation and feel, judges degree of ripeness according to its color and quality, and the method depends on individual's experience, poor accuracy fully.Set up a kind of objective, harmless, quick and precisely detect aspect the method for fruit maturity, carried out some researchs both at home and abroad, mainly contain:
Near infrared spectroscopy: method is determined the characteristic wavelength of fruit by experiment, then under this characteristic wavelength, carry out the absorption spectra analysis, can determine the degree of ripeness indexs such as its sugar content, titratable acid content, but because the penetration range of near infrared light is short, can't test whole degree of ripeness, measuring accuracy is restricted.
The machine vision method: at the visible/near infrared wave band to the fruit imaging, adopt image processing, analytical technology and computer communication technology, determine the degree of ripeness of fruit by appearance index such as color, volume, hardness, but owing to can only or approach surperficial regional imaging to fruit surface, the accuracy of test is affected, and cost is larger.
Hammering method: knock fruit surface by rubber mallet, determine the degree of ripeness of fruit according to the sound spectrum feature that receives, this method is easy to operate, and cost is lower, but is vulnerable to the interference of external sound and affects test result.
The Electronic Nose method: the specific scent of sending when ripe by detection by electronic nose fruit is judged the degree of ripeness of fruit, and this method is simple to operate, and is highly sensitive, but only can be for specific fruit and characteristic odour, and test fruit variety scope is narrower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of portable peach degree of ripeness the cannot-harm-detection device.Utilize this device can realize to the peach degree of ripeness quick and precisely, Non-Destructive Testing, and the result that can show detect by liquid crystal display.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The present invention includes firm banking, mobile base, rubber pallet, live metal folder, sliding bar, control circuit, Shielded Twisted Pair, two plate electrodes, metallic shield case; In the metallic shield case, firm banking is housed, one middle side part of firm banking is equipped with the sliding bar vertical with firm banking, mobile base is parallel with firm banking and be installed on the sliding bar, one end of live metal folder is installed on the sliding bar between mobile base and firm banking, the other end of live metal folder is for installing the rubber pallet of peach, the long limit of firm banking and mobile base all has a parallel mounting groove, in two mounting grooves the one flat plate electrode is installed all, the two plate electrodes respectively Shielded Twisted Pair on binding post are connected with control circuit.
Described control circuit: comprise series circuit, signal conditioning circuit, liquid crystal display that equiva lent impedance Z that embedded controller, DDS sine-wave generator, voltage buffer amplifier circuit, plate electrode and peach consist of and measuring resistance Rb form; The output signal Vi of DDS sine-wave generator is connected to the voltage buffer amplifier circuit, and the output signal Vs of voltage buffer amplifier circuit links the series circuit of resistance R b and equiva lent impedance Z formation, also is connected with the input end of signal conditioning circuit simultaneously; Resistance R b is connected another input end of signal conditioning circuit with the mid point signal Vo of equiva lent impedance Z series circuit, simultaneously this signal input end of analog signal of input analog-to-digital converter also; Two output end signal Vo1, Vo2 of signal conditioning circuit connect respectively two counter input ends of embedded controller; The digital output end of analog to digital converter links to each other with the digital input signals end of embedded controller respectively, and the digital signal input end of liquid crystal display links to each other with the digital signal output end of embedded controller.
Described voltage buffer amplifier circuit: comprise the voltage follower that capacitor C 1 is connected with resistance R 1 afterwards and amplifier U1 consists of; Resistance R 2, resistance R 3, thermistor Rt1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 6, triode Q1 consist of base stage partial pressure type total radio amplifier; Resistance R 5, resistance R 7, resistance R 9, triode Q2 consist of the single tube emitter follower; Resistance R 6, capacitor C 7 consist of negative-feedback circuit.
Described signal conditioning circuit: comprise that resistance R 8, resistance R 9, diode D1, diode D2, comparer U2A consist of the zero passage voltage comparer of simple gate limit; The in-phase proportion discharge circuit that resistance R 12, resistance R 13, resistance R 16 and amplifier U2B consist of; Resistance R 10, resistance R 11, diode D3, diode D4, comparer U3A consist of the zero-crossing comparator of simple gate limit; The in-phase proportion operational amplifier that resistance R 14, resistance R 15, resistance R 17, amplifier U3B consist of amplifies; Capacitor C 10, capacitor C 11 be as filter capacitor, filtering high frequency noise signal.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
1, with low cost, easy to carry, detect fast, do not damage peach.
2, detection is subjected to the external environment factor affecting little, and the test result accuracy is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of voltage buffer amplifier circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of the signal conditioning circuit among the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, firm banking, 2, mounting groove, 3, the rubber pallet, 4, the live metal folder, 5, control circuit, 6, mobile base, 7, sliding bar, 8, the metallic shield case, 9, Shielded Twisted Pair, 10, plate electrode, 11, binding post.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes firm banking 1, mobile base 6, rubber pallet 3, live metal folder 4, sliding bar 7, control circuit 5, Shielded Twisted Pair 9, two plate electrodes 10, metallic shield case 8; Firm banking 1 is housed in metallic shield case 8, one middle side part of firm banking 1 is equipped with the sliding bar 7 vertical with firm banking 1, mobile base 6 and firm banking 1 are parallel and be installed on the sliding bar 7, one end of live metal folder 4 is installed on the sliding bar 7 of 1 of mobile base 6 and firm banking, the other end of live metal folder 4 is for installing the rubber pallet 3 of peach, the long limit of firm banking 1 and mobile base 6 all has a parallel mounting groove 2, in two mounting grooves the one flat plate electrode is installed all, the two plate electrodes respectively Shielded Twisted Pair on binding post are connected with control circuit.
As shown in Figure 2, be schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention, comprise series circuit, signal conditioning circuit, liquid crystal display that equiva lent impedance Z that embedded controller, DDS sine-wave generator, voltage buffer amplifier circuit, plate electrode and peach consist of and measuring resistance Rb form; The output signal Vi of DDS sine-wave generator is connected to the voltage buffer amplifier circuit, and the output signal Vs of voltage buffer amplifier circuit links the series circuit of resistance R b and equiva lent impedance Z formation, also is connected with the input end of signal conditioning circuit simultaneously; Resistance R b is connected another input end of signal conditioning circuit with the mid point signal Vo of equiva lent impedance Z series circuit, simultaneously this signal input end of analog signal of input analog-to-digital converter also; Two output end signal Vo1, Vo2 of signal conditioning circuit connect respectively two counter input ends of embedded controller; The digital output end of analog to digital converter links to each other with the digital input signals end of embedded controller respectively, and the digital signal input end of liquid crystal display links to each other with the digital signal output end of embedded controller.
As shown in Figure 2, the principle of work of circuit of the present invention is: at first sending control signal by embedded controller, to make the DDS sine-wave generator produce frequency be the sine wave signal Vi of f.The voltage buffer amplifier circuit carries out power amplification to this sine wave signal and obtains output voltage V s, and Vs is connected to the equiva lent impedance Z that formed by parallel plate electrode and peach and the up and down two ends of preferred circuit series circuit that Rb consists of.Equiva lent impedance Z sends on the one hand analog to digital converter with the voltage signal Vo that is connected midpoint of resistance R b and changes into digital signal output, is connected with the embedded controller digital input end, and controller calculates the voltage magnitude V of signal by program; Simultaneously Vo is also with the output signal Vs input signal conditioning circuit of voltage buffer amplifier circuit.The zero passage comparator circuit of signal conditioning circuit inside obtained two-way square-wave output signal Vo1, Vo2 after respectively the two-way input signal being carried out zero balancing, the counting input end of input embedded controller, the time difference of being calculated this two paths of signals by the controller internal counter
, according to the phase difference calculating formula
Calculate phase differential
By voltage V and the phase differential that calculates
, controller can calculate the equiva lent impedance Z of parallel plate electrode and peach.According to the degree of ripeness of the peach of prior foundation and the mould of equiva lent impedance Z
, the forecast model between shunt capacitance Cp and the Lp, calculated the degree of ripeness of peach by embedded controller.The degree of ripeness index comprises soluble solid (SSC), titratable acid (TA) and water cut, all shows by liquid crystal display.
As shown in Figure 3, be the circuit theory diagrams of voltage buffer amplifier circuit of the present invention.The sinusoidal signal Vi that DDS produces connects input capacitance C1, filtering the high frequency interference composition among the Vi; Capacitor C 1 links to each other with the rear voltage follower that consists of with amplifier U1 of resistance R 1 series connection; Resistance R 2, resistance R 3, thermistor Rt1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 6, triode Q1 consist of base stage partial pressure type total radio amplifier, when ambient temperature rises, the resistance of the thermistor Rt1 of negative temperature coefficient reduces thereupon, thereby the quiescent point of keeping total radio amplifier is constant; Resistance R 5, resistance R 7, resistance R 9, triode Q2 consist of the single tube emitter follower; When the voltage parallel negative-feedback circuit that resistance R 6, capacitor C 7 consist of guarantees that output voltage V s is constant, also subtracted output resistance; Potentiometer R2 can be used for regulating the quiescent point of triode Q1.
Triode Q1 among Fig. 3, triode Q2 can adopt the compatible casts such as 9013 or 8050.Voltage follower can adopt the lower amplifier of this price of uA741.
As shown in Figure 4, be the circuit theory diagrams of the signal conditioning circuit among the present invention.Resistance R 8, resistance R 9, diode D1, diode D2, comparer U2A consist of the zero passage voltage comparer of simple gate limit, the output voltage V o input zero-crossing comparator of the mid point of the series circuit that parallel plate electrode equiva lent impedance Z and measuring resistance Rb are formed carried out zero balancing, because diode D1, diode D2 reverse parallel connection are connected between the homophase input and inverting input of comparer U2A, prevented the interference of near zero-crossing point, the output signal of comparer U2A is square wave; The in-phase proportion amplifier that resistance R 12, resistance R 13, resistance R 16 and amplifier U2B consist of is amplified the output square-wave signal of comparer U2A, and will export the counter input end that Vo1 is input to embedded controller; In like manner resistance R 10, resistance R 11, diode D3, diode D4, comparer U3A consist of the zero-crossing comparator of simple gate limit, the output signal Vs of voltage buffer amplifier circuit is inputted the square-wave signal that zero-crossing comparator is exported more afterwards, the in-phase proportion operational amplifier that is input to resistance R 14, resistance R 15, resistance R 17, amplifier U3B formation amplifies, and the output signal Vo2 after the amplification is input to another counting input end of embedded controller; Capacitor C 10, capacitor C 11 be as filter capacitor, filtering high frequency noise signal.
Diode D1 among Fig. 4, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4 all can adopt the ordinary silicon diode, and comparer can be selected LM393.
Among Fig. 3+15V with-two groups of direct supplys of 15V are independent DC power supply, need to connect altogether, among Fig. 4+the 5V power supply produces by 7805 Voltage stabilizing modules by+15V, embedded controller and analog to digital converter also all employings+5V power.
Embedded controller among the present invention adopts ARM cortex-M3 series processors, and sine-wave generator is take synthetic (DDS) chip AD9850 of Direct Digital as core, and analog to digital converter considers that precision and cost adopt 10 serial ADC chip TLC1549.
Claims (4)
1. portable peach degree of ripeness the cannot-harm-detection device, it is characterized in that: comprise firm banking (1), mobile base (6), rubber pallet (3), live metal folder (4), sliding bar (7), control circuit (5), Shielded Twisted Pair (9), two plate electrodes (10), metallic shield case (8); Firm banking (1) is housed in metallic shield case (8), one middle side part of firm banking (1) is equipped with the sliding bar (7) vertical with firm banking (1), mobile base (6) is parallel with firm banking (1) and be installed on the sliding bar (7), one end of live metal folder (4) is installed on the sliding bar (7) between mobile base (6) and firm banking (1), the other end of live metal folder (4) is for installing the rubber pallet (3) of peach, the long limit of firm banking (1) and mobile base (6) all has a parallel mounting groove (2), in two mounting grooves the one flat plate electrode is installed all, the two plate electrodes respectively Shielded Twisted Pair on binding post are connected with control circuit.
2. a kind of portable peach degree of ripeness the cannot-harm-detection device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control circuit comprises series circuit, signal conditioning circuit, liquid crystal display that equiva lent impedance Z that embedded controller, DDS sine-wave generator, voltage buffer amplifier circuit, plate electrode and peach consist of and measuring resistance Rb form; The output signal Vi of DDS sine-wave generator is connected to the voltage buffer amplifier circuit, and the output signal Vs of voltage buffer amplifier circuit links the series circuit of resistance R b and equiva lent impedance Z formation, also is connected with the input end of signal conditioning circuit simultaneously; Resistance R b is connected another input end of signal conditioning circuit with the mid point signal Vo of equiva lent impedance Z series circuit, simultaneously this signal input end of analog signal of input analog-to-digital converter also; Two output end signal Vo1, Vo2 of signal conditioning circuit connect respectively two counter input ends of embedded controller; The digital output end of analog to digital converter links to each other with the digital input signals end of embedded controller respectively, and the digital signal input end of liquid crystal display links to each other with the digital signal output end of embedded controller.
3. a kind of portable peach degree of ripeness the cannot-harm-detection device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described voltage buffer amplifier circuit, comprise capacitor C 1 connect with resistance R 1 after with the voltage follower of amplifier U1 formation; Resistance R 2, resistance R 3, thermistor Rt1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 6, triode Q1 consist of base stage partial pressure type total radio amplifier; Resistance R 5, resistance R 7, resistance R 9, triode Q2 consist of the single tube emitter follower; Resistance R 6, capacitor C 7 consist of negative-feedback circuit.
4. a kind of portable peach degree of ripeness the cannot-harm-detection device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described signal conditioning circuit comprises that resistance R 8, resistance R 9, diode D1, diode D2, comparer U2A consist of the zero passage voltage comparer of simple gate limit; The in-phase proportion discharge circuit that resistance R 12, resistance R 13, resistance R 16 and amplifier U2B consist of; Resistance R 10, resistance R 11, diode D3, diode D4, comparer U3A consist of the zero-crossing comparator of simple gate limit; The in-phase proportion operational amplifier that resistance R 14, resistance R 15, resistance R 17, amplifier U3B consist of amplifies; Capacitor C 10, capacitor C 11 be as filter capacitor, filtering high frequency noise signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100021198A CN103076366A (en) | 2013-01-05 | 2013-01-05 | Portable NDT (nondestructive testing) device for peach maturity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100021198A CN103076366A (en) | 2013-01-05 | 2013-01-05 | Portable NDT (nondestructive testing) device for peach maturity |
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| CN103076366A true CN103076366A (en) | 2013-05-01 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014194555A1 (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-11 | 浙江大学 | Portable impedance bio-sensing detector |
| CN109669115A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-04-23 | 江苏云意电气股份有限公司 | One kind being used for automobile-used heavy-duty diode reliability non-destructive testing device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2763804Y (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-03-08 | 姜宇 | Non-destructive tester for fruit naturity |
| CN203025139U (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-06-26 | 浙江大学 | Portable nondestructive peach maturity testing device |
-
2013
- 2013-01-05 CN CN2013100021198A patent/CN103076366A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2763804Y (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-03-08 | 姜宇 | Non-destructive tester for fruit naturity |
| CN203025139U (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-06-26 | 浙江大学 | Portable nondestructive peach maturity testing device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 廖宇兰等: "芒果的成熟与腐烂对介电特性的影响", 《农机化研究》 * |
| 胡海根: "基于电场理论水果电特性无损检测机理的研究", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(硕士)工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014194555A1 (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-11 | 浙江大学 | Portable impedance bio-sensing detector |
| CN109669115A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-04-23 | 江苏云意电气股份有限公司 | One kind being used for automobile-used heavy-duty diode reliability non-destructive testing device |
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Application publication date: 20130501 |