CN103069320A - Wavelength selection switch - Google Patents

Wavelength selection switch Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103069320A
CN103069320A CN2012800013138A CN201280001313A CN103069320A CN 103069320 A CN103069320 A CN 103069320A CN 2012800013138 A CN2012800013138 A CN 2012800013138A CN 201280001313 A CN201280001313 A CN 201280001313A CN 103069320 A CN103069320 A CN 103069320A
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polarity
light signal
wavelength
signal
switch engine
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CN2012800013138A
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CN103069320B (en
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刘宁
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/29313—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide characterised by means for controlling the position or direction of light incident to or leaving the diffractive element, e.g. for varying the wavelength response
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2753—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means characterised by their function or use, i.e. of the complete device
    • G02B6/2766—Manipulating the plane of polarisation from one input polarisation to another output polarisation, e.g. polarisation rotators, linear to circular polarisation converters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/2931—Diffractive element operating in reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
    • G02B6/3512—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
    • G02B6/356—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types in an optical cross-connect device, e.g. routing and switching aspects of interconnecting different paths propagating different wavelengths to (re)configure the various input and output links
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3594—Characterised by additional functional means, e.g. means for variably attenuating or branching or means for switching differently polarized beams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0026—Construction using free space propagation (e.g. lenses, mirrors)
    • H04Q2011/003—Construction using free space propagation (e.g. lenses, mirrors) using switches based on microelectro-mechanical systems [MEMS]

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Embodiment of the invention provides a wavelength selection switch, which suppresses crosstalk by adjusting the polarity of the optical signal based on the structure of the covnentional 1 * N wavelength selection switch, so that the input optical signals of different paths have different polarities when being incident on a switch engine, and crosstalk between the different paths of light can be suppressed by filtering the polarity for the light signal reflected by the switching engine. The inhibition of crosstalk interference in the M * N ( N input optical fiber ports, M output optical fiber ports; or M input optical fiber ports, N output optical fiber ports, wherein M and N are natural numbers greater than or equal to 2) wavelength selection switch can be achieved.

Description

Wavelength-selective switches
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication field, relate in particular to a kind of wavelength-selective switches.
Background technology
In recent years, wavelength-division multiplex (Wavelength division multiplexing, WDM) technology is applied to optical transport networks at different levels more and more widely, and its network topology structure is also from simple annular, tree structure, to more complicated reticulate texture evolution.Simultaneously along with Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol, IP) fast development of network, broadband, Internet television (Internet Protocol Television, IPTV), next generation network (Next generation network, NGN), 3G (Third Generation) Moblie technology (3rd-generation, 3G) etc. new business is widely applied, the Network type is also by being transitioned into take IP as main data service take time division multiplexing (Time divisionmultiplexing, TDM) business as main circuit-switched service.
The rapid growth of data service and more complicated network architecture requirement provide more intelligent functions to the networking, in order to can respond fast when network topology and service distribution change, realize professional flexible dispatching and effective management of bandwidth.Restructural add-drop multiplexer (Reconfigurable Add/Dropmultiplexer, ROADM) can be configured in different network levels, and realizes the intellectuality of whole network by the configurable and manageable function of wavelength.
At present, make up the ROADM node and comprise three kinds of major techniques: wavelength blocking-up (Wavelength blocker, WB) technology, planar lightwave circuit (Planar light circuit, PLC) technology, and wavelength-selective switches (Wavelength selective switch, WSS) technology.Wherein, the WSS technology is because have bandwidth, dispersion is low, and support port and Wavelength-independent (colorless, be the light signal that each port can any wavelength of interface) with higher dimension (the dimension here refers to the direction number of the connection that the ROADM node can provide at most), praise highly and be subject to device production manufacturer, become the mainstream technology that realizes ROADM.
As shown in Figure 1, be a 1xN WSS structural drawing as an example of MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (Micro Electro Mechanical systems, MEMS) technology example.When light enters WSS from input port (i.e. input optical fibre port the fiber array shown in the figure), it is long to be broken down into several wavelets through the diffraction of diffraction grating (Diffraction Grating) among the WSS, the light that is decomposed is reflected mirror and reflexes on the switch engine (switching engine), the switch engine is by the reflection paths of the sub-wavelength signals of control, thereby so that the sub-wavelength signals of reflection is gone to different exit ports (i.e. output optical fibre port in the fiber array shown in the figure).Different sub-wavelength signals converge at corresponding exit ports, thereby have realized the gating function that carries out for the different wave length signal on port.On function, grating is equivalent to the multiplexing and demodulation multiplexer of a light, and the switch engine is equivalent to an optical exchange-switch that can carry out the light path selection.
And at structure N * M WSS (N input optical fibre port, M output optical fibre port) in the process, in order to realize the independent control for single input optical fibre port, usually the optical exchange-switch structure that needs a plurality of and multilayer, but reflection of light on such structure is because existing of the phenomenons such as dispersion is unsatisfactory, and namely some light may be reflected to unwanted exit ports.In the sandwich construction of N * M WSS, on the correspondence position of adjacent layer, to crosstalk in such the easiest formation band of dispersion, the light that is about to identical wavelength reflexes to same exit ports and crosstalking of forming mistakenly.Owing to can't separate with normal signal (because the wavelength of crosstalk signal is identical), can cause the signal transmission to seriously influence.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of wavelength-selective switches, can be at N * M (N input optical fibre port, M output optical fibre port; Or M input optical fibre port, N output optical fibre port) wavelength-selective switches in suppress to crosstalk.
For this reason, on the one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of wavelength-selective switches, comprising:
At least two input optical fibre ports are used for inputting respectively the light signal from least two input optical fibres;
The Polarity Control unit is used for adjusting the polarity from the light signal of each input optical fibre port input, so that at least two ways of optical signals after adjusting all becomes the light signal that only has a kind of polarity, the polarity of at least two ways of optical signals after the described adjustment is identical;
Diffraction grating is used at least two ways of optical signals after the described adjustment of the corresponding decomposition of at least two diffraction region of described diffraction grating, obtains respectively the light signal that at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength;
Reflecting element is used for the light signal that described at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength is reflexed to respectively at least two reflector spaces on the switch engine;
The polarizer between described reflecting element and described switch engine and cover described at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine, is used for according to the polarity of described Polarity Control unit the light signal by it being filtered;
The polarity rotary unit, between the described polarizer and described switch engine and cover the first reflector space in described at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine and do not cover the reflector space adjacent with described the first reflector space, being used for will be by its polarity 90-degree rotation of light signal;
Described switch engine, wherein, described switch engine comprises two reflector spaces at least, each reflector space of described switch engine carries out reflex control to the light signal that incides this reflector space it is reflected to described reflecting element, so that export by corresponding output optical fibre port through the light signal behind the reflex control.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides another kind of wavelength-selective switches, comprising:
At least two input optical fibre ports are used for inputting respectively the light signal from least two input optical fibres;
The Polarity Control unit, be used for adjusting the polarity from the described light signal of each input optical fibre port input, so that at least two ways of optical signals after adjusting becomes respectively the light signal with single polarity, and the polarity between the adjacent two ways of optical signals after adjusting differs 90 degree;
Diffraction grating is used at least two ways of optical signals after the described adjustment of the corresponding decomposition of at least two diffraction region of described diffraction grating, obtains respectively the light signal that at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength;
Reflecting element is used for the light signal that described at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength is reflexed to respectively at least two reflector spaces on the switch engine;
At least two polarizers, between described reflecting element and described switch engine, also cover respectively described at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine, the polarity of at least two ways of optical signals after being used for adjusting according to described Polarity Control unit is respectively filtered the light signal by it;
Described switch engine, wherein, described switch engine comprises two reflector spaces at least, each reflector space of described switch engine carries out reflex control to the light signal that incides this reflector space it is reflected to described reflecting element, so that export by corresponding output optical fibre port through the light signal behind the reflex control.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of wavelength-selective switches, comprising:
N optic fibre input end mouth is used for corresponding input from the light signal of N bar input optical fibre;
N 1 * M/2 optical splitter, its input end is connected with described N optic fibre input end mouth respectively; Each 1 * M/2 optical splitter is used for the light signal of input is divided into M/2 road light signal, and wherein, N and M are the integer more than or equal to 2;
M/2 has the N of clutter reduction function * 2 wavelength-selective switches, and N input port of each described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches connects a road of all described N optical splitters and export;
Wherein, described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches are aforesaid any one wavelength-selective switches, the fiber-optic output mouth of the corresponding aforesaid wavelength-selective switches of the optic fibre input end mouth of described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches, the optic fibre input end mouth of the corresponding aforesaid wavelength-selective switches of the fiber-optic output mouth of described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches.
In embodiments of the present invention, the polarity of the light signal of different input optical fibres input is controlled, suppressed to crosstalk.Wherein a kind of control mode is to have added the Polarity Control unit in wavelength-selective switches, the polarizer and polarity rotary unit, the Polarity Control unit is adjusted into input optical signal the light signal with identical polar, because 90 degree polarity turning efforts of the polarized filter effect of the polarizer and polarity rotary unit, when the light signal of switch engine reflection is crosstalked, its crosstalk optical signal can not pass through the polarity rotary unit twice, so that the polarity of the polarity of crosstalk optical signal and the polarizer differs 90 degree, thereby crosstalk optical signal can't pass through the polarizer, thereby reaches the purpose that suppresses crosstalk optical signal; Another kind of control mode then is to have added Polarity Control unit, the polarizer in wavelength-selective switches, the Polarity Control unit will be inputted the light signal of not going the same way and be adjusted into the light signal that the polarity that has single polarity and do not go the same way light signal differs 90 degree, and filter with a plurality of polarizers with corresponding polarity, when the light signal of switch engine reflection is crosstalked, the polarity of the polarizer on the polarity of crosstalk optical signal and its light path differs 90 degree, thereby crosstalk optical signal can't pass through the polarizer, thereby reaches the purpose that suppresses crosstalk optical signal.And, owing to only need to increase Polarity Control unit, the polarizer and polarity rotary unit, can not increase significantly the complicacy of system architecture, can also be implemented in simultaneously in the wavelength-selective switches of N * M of structure and suppress to crosstalk.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is existing 1 * N structure for wavelength selection switch synoptic diagram as an example of the MEMS technology example;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of existing N * M WSS;
Fig. 3 is a concrete synoptic diagram that forms of the wavelength-selective switches in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is another concrete synoptic diagram that forms of the wavelength-selective switches in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is a concrete synoptic diagram that forms of the Polarity Control unit in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is another concrete synoptic diagram that forms of the Polarity Control unit in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is a concrete synoptic diagram that forms of the 2 * N wavelength-selective switches with calibrating device in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the concrete synoptic diagram that forms of the M * N wavelength-selective switches in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
There is not crosstalk interference in the wavelength-selective switches of N * 1 (N＞=2) in the prior art, but the needs in order to use, and needs are realized the wavelength-selective switches of N * M (N＞=2, M＞=2).If construct the wavelength-selective switches of N * M by the cascade of adopting a plurality of N * 1 wavelength-selective switches, the cross talk effects that then can avoid the structure for wavelength selection switch of common M * N to bring.As shown in Figure 2, construct N * M (N input for a kind of by optical branching device and a plurality of N * 1 wavelength-selective switches, the example of wavelength-selective switches M output), but in this structure, its complex structure, between optical branching device and N * 1 wavelength-selective switches, carried out the fully connection of N * M, needed N * M bar splicing optical fibers, M N * 1 wavelength-selective switches.Although because now N * 1 wavelength-selective switches is commercial, price is still expensive, so this programme is not only complicated on the structure, and cost is very high.Simultaneously because the use of 1 * M shunt has also increased the insertion loss of whole N * M wavelength-selective switches greatly.
Thereby, the mechanism that another kind of realization suppresses the wavelength-selective switches of N * M of crosstalking need to have been proposed, the complicacy of the system that can significantly not increase again simultaneously., proposed in the embodiment of the invention for this reason, on the architecture basics of existing N * 1 wavelength-selective switches, the scheme that suppresses to crosstalk by the polarity of regulating light signal.Namely, so that the input optical signal of not going the same way has different polarity on inciding the switch engine time, pass through again the polarized filter to the light signal of switch engine reflection, just can suppress not go the same way crosstalking between the light (although, crosstalk signal from another road light is identical with the wavelength of this road light signal, but polarity is different, therefore can suppress to crosstalk by polarity).
Because the light signal that generally inputs or outputs not is the signal of single polarity, in order to realize the above-mentioned purpose that suppresses to crosstalk by polarity, at input side, need in advance the polarity of light signal to be adjusted, be the signal of single polarity so that incide the light signal of switch engine; And at outgoing side, then need the light signal of single polarity is reduced to the signal of non-single polarity.Below by specific embodiment, further specify technique scheme.
As shown in Figure 3, be the wavelength-selective switches in the embodiment of the invention, as describing as example to have two input optical fibre ports in the example of Fig. 3, it comprises:
At least two input optical fibre port ones 0,12 are used for inputting respectively the light signal from least two input optical fibres.In the diagram only example the situation of two input optical fibre ports, in other embodiments of the invention, can further include the 3rd even more input optical fibre port.
Polarity Control unit 20 is used for adjusting the polarity from the described light signal of input optical fibre port one 0,12 inputs, so that at least two ways of optical signals after adjusting all becomes the light signal that only has a kind of polarity.Certainly, the polarity of at least two ways of optical signals after the adjustment can be different polarity, also can be identical polarity; Preferably, can be designed to the signal of the optical fiber of not going the same way is adjusted into the signal with identical polar, to simplify the entire system structure.
As, for the two way light that in the Polarity Control unit, at first can be broken down into the polarity quadrature from the light of input optical fibre port one 0, then wherein the polarity of one road light rotates on the polarity of another road light, so that two way light have same polarity, forms the light signal that only has a kind of polarity.Certainly, according to the needs of output optical signal (as, in order to support the requirement of polarity multiplex system), when after this road light signal is reflected, again passing through the Polarity Control unit, the Polarity Control unit can be rotated to road polarity in the two way light on the direction vertical with the polarity on another road, and then two way light synthesize one tunnel light consistent with incident light polarity again.In specific embodiment, for decomposing the two way light that obtain, this two ways light can be two bundle directional lights in light path, and two bundles have definite distance between the directional lights, and light signal it is parallel as two bundles and that have an identical polar is processed and got final product in subsequent optical path; That is, can rely on the relative position on its optical path space to distinguish between the identical sub-light of two-way polarity.Like this, be one the tunnel when having the polarity light signal consistent with incident light polarity with two way light compositings, still can reduce the entrained information of polarity of described light signal.
Diffraction grating 30 is used at least two ways of optical signals after the described adjustment of the corresponding decomposition of at least two diffraction region of described diffraction grating, obtains respectively the light signal that at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength.As, first Region Decomposition of diffraction grating is from the light of input optical fibre port one 0, and second Region Decomposition of diffraction grating is from the light of input optical fibre port one 2.When also comprising the 3rd input optical fibre port, also can comprise the 3rd zone, the 3rd zone is adjacent with second area simultaneously, and is non-conterminous with the first area; And the polarity of inputting the light signal in the 3rd zone can be identical with the polarity of the light signal of first area.
Reflecting element 40 is used for the light signal that described at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength is reflexed to respectively at least two reflector spaces on the switch engine.
The polarizer 50 between described reflecting element and described switch engine and cover described at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine, is used for according to the polarity of described Polarity Control unit the light signal by it being filtered.
Polarity rotary unit 52, between the described polarizer and described switch engine and cover the first reflector space in described at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine and do not cover the reflector space adjacent with described the first reflector space, being used for will be by its polarity 90-degree rotation of light signal.Wherein, this polarity rotary unit can adopt existing optical device with polarity spinfunction, such as faraday rotation mirror, 1/4th slides etc.In the example such as Fig. 3, this polarity rotary unit only blocks the reflector space of switch engine downside.
Described switch engine 60 comprises two reflector spaces at least.Each reflector space of switch engine 60 carries out reflex control to the light signal that incides this reflector space it is reflected to described reflecting element, so that export by corresponding output optical fibre port through the light signal behind the reflex control.Wherein, at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine 60 can be on the space up and down or two adjacent zones of the left and right sides at least.Only be two zones, the i.e. zone of two rows among the figure shown in the figure.Work as in other embodiments of the invention described wavelength-selective switches and also comprise the 3rd optic fibre input end mouth, when being used for input the 3rd light signal, described switch engine also comprises the 3rd zone, is used for reflecting described the 3rd optical signal set.
Switch engine in the embodiment of the invention can be the switch engine that uses the MEMS technology, by the array that a series of small catoptrons consist of, controls the reflection of light angle by the rotation of control tiny mirror.Can certainly be the switch engine of other types, not limit herein.
The below with a wavelength-selective switches with two input optical fibre ports (10,12) (wherein, polarity rotary unit 52 is the second reflector space of overlay switch engine only) be example, the light path in the wavelength-selective switches of the embodiment of the invention is briefly described.
Under normal circumstances, the working light path in the wavelength-selective switches is:
(1), from the light signal of input optical fibre port one 0 input (for convenience of description, to be referred to as the first light signal from the light signal of input optical fibre port one 0 input) incide the first diffraction region of diffraction grating 30 after the processing through Polarity Control unit 20, be broken down into the light signal (light signal of for convenience of description, this being organized a plurality of wavelength is referred to as the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength) of one group of a plurality of wavelength at the first diffraction region place (first zone of diffraction grating as shown in Figure 3) of diffraction grating 30; Be reflected element 40 towards the direction reflection of the first reflector space of switch engine 60 behind first group of a plurality of wavelength light signal directive reflecting element 40; Because 52 of polarity rotary units have covered the second reflector space of the engine 60 that opens the light, and two reflector spaces of the polarizer 50 overlay switch engines 60, after the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength is reflected element 40 reflections, only through the polarizer 50, without polarity rotary unit 52, then arrive the first reflector space of switch engine 60; The first reflector space of switch engine 60 can carry out separately to the light signal of each wavelength in the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength reflex control (namely controlling the reflection direction of the light signal of each wavelength), exports through the corresponding output optical fibre port from wavelength-selective switches behind the polarizer 50, reflecting element 40, diffraction grating 30, the Polarity Control unit 20 successively after the light signal of each wavelength in the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength is reflected by the first reflector space of switch engine 60 again;
(2), from the light signal of input optical fibre port one 2 input (for convenience of description, to be referred to as the second light signal from the light signal of optic fibre input end mouth 12 input) incide the second diffraction region of diffraction grating 30 after the processing through Polarity Control unit 20, be broken down into the light signal (light signal of for convenience of description, this being organized a plurality of wavelength is referred to as the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength) of one group of a plurality of wavelength at the second diffraction region place (second zone of diffraction grating as shown in Figure 3) of diffraction grating 30; Be reflected element 40 towards the direction reflection of the second reflector space of switch engine 60 behind second group of a plurality of wavelength light signal directive reflecting element 40; Because two reflector spaces of the polarizer 50 overlay switch engines 60, and polarity rotary unit 52 has covered the second reflector space of the engine 60 that opens the light, after the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength is reflected element 40 reflections, also can pass through polarity rotary unit 52 through behind the polarizer 50, then arrive the second reflector space of switch engine 60; The second reflector space of switch engine 60 can carry out separately to the light signal of each wavelength in the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength reflex control (namely controlling the reflection direction of the light signal of each wavelength), exports through the corresponding optical fiber output port from wavelength-selective switches behind polarity rotary unit 52, the polarizer 50, reflecting element 40, diffraction grating 30, the Polarity Control unit 20 successively after the light signal of each wavelength in the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength is reflected by the second reflector space of switch engine 60 again.
From the light path of foregoing description, can find out, under normal circumstances, the neutralization of the process of the first reflector space incident of the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength from reflecting element 40 to switch engine 60 from the first reflector space of switch engine 60 to the process of reflecting element 4 incidents all without polarity rotary unit 52, therefore, shine the polarity of light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength of the first reflector space of switch engine 60 from analyzer 50, the polarity of the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength of the first reflector space reflection of the switch engine 60 that receives with analyzer 50 is identical, thereby can again be passed through the polarizer 50 by the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength of the first reflector space of 60 of switch engine.Under normal circumstances, the process neutralization of the second reflector space incident of the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength from reflecting element 40 to switch engine 60 all needs through polarity rotary unit 52 to the process of reflecting element 4 incidents from the second reflector space of switch engine 60, the light signal that is to say second group of a plurality of wavelength shines the process that again incides the polarizer 50 from the polarizer 50, twice process of meeting polarity rotary unit 52; Shining the process that again incides the polarizer 50 from the polarizer 50, every through a polarity rotary unit 52, the polarity of the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength is rotated by 90 degrees once, that is to say that the polarity of light signal of the second group of a plurality of wavelength that again incides the polarizer 50 is with respect to be rotated 0 degree or 180 degree for the polarity of the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength of the polarizer 50 outgoing; And polarity is rotated 0 degree or 180 degree, the polarity that light signal then is described does not change, therefore, the polarity of light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength that again incides the polarizer 50 is identical with polarity from the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength of the polarizer 50 outgoing, and the above-mentioned light signal that again incides second group of a plurality of wavelength of the polarizer 50 also just can pass through the polarizer 50 again.
In the application process of reality, the first reflector space of switch engine 60 and/or the second reflector space are when carrying out reflex control, owing to control error or other reason, the light signal that causes the part wavelength in the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength reflected mistakenly to the light signal of the part wavelength in the light signal of polarity rotary unit 52 and/or second group of a plurality of wavelength be not directly incident on the polarizer 50 through polarity rotary unit 52 after being reflected mistakenly.Because this mistakenly reflection, cause inciding the first of the polarizer 50 (for the convenience of describing, the part of the first reflector space of overlay switch engine 60 in the analyzer 50 is referred to as first) light signal in both comprised first group of a plurality of wavelength light signal also include the light signal of the part wavelength in the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength, and/or the second portion that incides the polarizer 50 is (for the convenience of describing, the part of the second reflector space of overlay switch engine 60 in the polarizer 50 is referred to as second portion) light signal in both comprised second group of a plurality of wavelength light signal also include the light signal of the part wavelength in the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength, this phenomenon is referred to as to crosstalk.In embodiments of the present invention, owing to the part wavelength light signal in the light signal of the second group of a plurality of wavelength that incides the polarizer 50 firsts shines in the process that again incides the polarizer 50 from the polarizer 50, only passed through polarity rotary unit 52 one time, therefore, the polarity of the light signal of this part wavelength in the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength only has been rotated 90 degree, the polarity mutual vertical (perhaps being referred to as quadrature) the when polarity that is to say this part wavelength light signal in the light signal of the second group of a plurality of wavelength that incides the polarizer 50 firsts shines switch engine 60 with it from the polarizer 50.Same reason, the polarity the when polarity that incides the part wavelength light signal in the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength of the polarizer 50 second portions shines switch engine 60 with it from the polarizer 50 be mutually vertical (perhaps being referred to as quadrature) also.And the polarizer 50 does not allow the orthogonal light signal of polarity of polarity and the polarizer 50 to pass through, allow the polarity light signal identical with the polarity of the polarizer 50 to pass through fully, therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, to the light signal of reflecting element direction outgoing, also just only comprised the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength from the first of the polarizer 50, also just only comprised the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength from the second portion of the polarizer 50 to the light signal of reflecting element direction outgoing, also namely crosstalked and obtained inhibition.
Can also not have the polarity rotary unit in other embodiments of the invention, as shown in Figure 4, pass through in this example the polarity of Polarity Control unit controls output optical signal, be adjusted into the signal with opposed polarity so that incide the light signal of not going the same way of the polarizer, as for two-way optical fiber, be adjusted into the signals that polarity differs 90 degree, then because the polarity of the polarizer by the light signal of not going the same way is different, when crosstalking, can realize polarized filter.Namely this wavelength-selective switches comprises:
At least two input optical fibre port ones 0,12 are used for inputting respectively the light signal from least two input optical fibres;
Polarity Control unit 22, be used for adjusting the polarity from the described light signal of input optical fibre port one 0,12 inputs, so that at least two ways of optical signals after adjusting becomes respectively the light signal with single polarity, and the polarity between the adjacent two-way road light signal after adjusting differs 90 degree;
Diffraction grating 30 is used at least two ways of optical signals after the described adjustment of the corresponding decomposition of at least two diffraction region of described diffraction grating, obtains respectively the light signal that at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength;
Reflecting element 40 is used for the light signal that described at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength is reflexed to respectively at least two reflector spaces on the switch engine;
At least two polarizers 500,502, between described reflecting element and described switch engine, also cover respectively described at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine, the polarity of at least two ways of optical signals after being used for adjusting according to described Polarity Control unit is respectively filtered the light signal by it;
Described switch engine 60, wherein, described switch engine comprises two reflector spaces at least, each reflector space of described switch engine carries out reflex control to the light signal that incides this reflector space it is reflected to described reflecting element, so that export by corresponding output optical fibre port through the light signal behind the reflex control.
In this example, be the situation of two-way for input optical fibre, in the Polarity Control unit, namely the polarity of the light signal of not going the same way of input is carried out different control, so that output light is the light of single polarity, but the polarity of the output light of not going the same way simultaneously differs 90 degree successively.Then its polarity is identical with the polarity of this road light of Polarity Control unit output for the polarizer of the corresponding light signal of not going the same way simultaneously, and the light signal after this road light process reflection engine reflection is still by the identical polarizer simultaneously.When the light signal of reflection engine reflection is crosstalked, because the polarity of crosstalk optical signal is different from polarizer polarity, then can't passes through this polarity, thereby be filtered.
The below has two input optical fibre ports (10,12) with one, and have two polarizers and (be respectively the polarizer 500, the polarizer 502, and two polarizers allow the polarity of the light signal that passes through fully to differ 90 degree separately) wavelength-selective switches be example, the light path in the wavelength-selective switches of the embodiment of the invention is briefly described.
Under normal circumstances, the working light path in the wavelength-selective switches is:
(1), from the light signal of optic fibre input end mouth 10 input (for convenience of description, to be referred to as the first light signal from the light signal of input optical fibre port one 0 input) become the first diffraction region that the light signal with first polarity incides diffraction grating 30 after the processing through Polarity Control unit 22, be broken down into the light signal (light signal of for convenience of description, this being organized a plurality of wavelength is referred to as the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength) of one group of a plurality of wavelength at the first diffraction region place of diffraction grating 30; Be reflected element 40 behind the light signal directive reflecting element 40 of first group of a plurality of wavelength towards the direction reflection of the first reflector space of switch engine 60; And the first reflector space of the polarizer 500 overlay switch engines 60, after the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength is reflected element 40 reflections, only through the polarizer 500 (only having polarity is that the light signal of the first polarity can pass through this polarizer fully), without the polarizer 502, then arrive the first reflector space of switch engine 60; The first reflector space of switch engine 60 can carry out separately to the light signal of each wavelength in the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength reflex control (namely controlling the reflection direction of the light signal of each wavelength), exports through the corresponding optical fiber output port from wavelength-selective switches behind the polarizer 500, reflecting element 40, diffraction grating 30, the Polarity Control unit 20 successively after the light signal of each wavelength in the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength is reflected by the first reflector space of switch engine 60 again;
(2), from the light signal of optic fibre input end mouth 12 input (for convenience of description, to be referred to as the second light signal from the light signal of optic fibre input end mouth 12 input) be converted to the second diffraction region that have the second polarity light signal of (differing 90 degree with the first polarity) incides diffraction grating 30 after the processing through Polarity Control unit 22, be broken down into the light signal (light signal of for convenience of description, this being organized a plurality of wavelength is referred to as the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength) of one group of a plurality of wavelength at the second diffraction region place of diffraction grating 30; Be reflected element 40 behind the light signal directive reflecting element 40 of second group of a plurality of wavelength towards the direction reflection of the second reflector space of switch engine 60; The polarizer 502 (only having polarity is that the light signal of the second polarity can pass through this polarizer fully) is the second reflector space of overlay switch engine 60 only, after the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength is reflected element 40 reflections, through arriving the second reflector space of switch engine 60 behind the polarizer 502; The second reflector space of switch engine 60 can carry out separately to the light signal of each wavelength in the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength reflex control (namely controlling the reflection direction of the light signal of each wavelength), exports through the corresponding optical fiber output port from wavelength-selective switches behind the polarizer 502, reflecting element 40, diffraction grating 30, the Polarity Control unit 20 successively after the light signal of each wavelength in the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength is reflected by the second reflector space of switch engine 60 again.
From the light path of foregoing description, can find out, under normal circumstances, the neutralization of the process of the first reflector space incident of the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength from reflecting element 40 to switch engine 60 from the first reflector space of switch engine 60 to the process of reflecting element 4 incidents, shine the polarity of light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength of the first reflector space of switch engine 60 from analyzer 50, the polarity of the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength of the first reflector space reflection of the switch engine 60 that receives with the polarizer 500 is the first polarity, thereby can again be passed through the polarizer 500 by the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength of the first reflector space of 60 of switch engine.Under normal circumstances, the neutralization of the process of the second reflector space incident of the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength from reflecting element 40 to switch engine 60 from the second reflector space of switch engine 60 to the process of reflecting element 4 incidents, shine the polarity of light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength of the second reflector space of switch engine 60 from analyzer 50, the polarity of the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength of the second reflector space reflection of the switch engine 60 that receives with the polarizer 502 is the second polarity, thereby can again be passed through the polarizer 502 by the light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength of the second reflector space of 60 of switch engine.
In the application process of reality, the first reflector space of switch engine 60 and/or the second reflector space are when carrying out reflex control, owing to control error or other reason, the light signal that causes the part wavelength in the light signal of first group of a plurality of wavelength reflected mistakenly to the light signal of the part wavelength in the light signal of the polarizer 502 and/or second group of a plurality of wavelength reflected mistakenly to the polarizer 500.Because this mistakenly reflection, cause inciding the light signal of the part wavelength in the light signal that the light signal that had both comprised first group of a plurality of wavelength in the light signal of the polarizer 500 also includes second group of a plurality of wavelength, and/or inciding the light signal of the part wavelength in the light signal that the light signal that had both comprised second group of a plurality of wavelength in the light signal of the polarizer 502 also includes first group of a plurality of wavelength, this phenomenon is referred to as to crosstalk.
In embodiments of the present invention, because inciding the polarity of light signal of second group of a plurality of wavelength of the polarizer 500 is the second polarity, and the polarizer 500 only allows the light signal of the first polarity to pass through fully, then just in time can't pass through fully with the light signal of the second polarity of the first polarity quadrature.Same reason, the polarity of light signal that incides first group of a plurality of wavelength of the polarizer 502 is the first polarity, and the polarizer 502 only allows the light signal of the second polarity to pass through fully, then just in time can't pass through fully with the light signal of the first polarity of the second polarity quadrature.Also namely crosstalk and obtained inhibition.
In the example for above-mentioned Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, when also comprising more input optical fibre ports, switch engine and diffraction grating then comprise between the reflector space and diffraction zone of corresponding number accordingly; Simultaneously, each reflector space is only adjacent with its former and later two zones, and with other zones not quite clear neighbour all, be multirow or multiple row form; Also can be same arrange between the diffraction zone, and the diffraction region of diffraction grating also the layout with the reflector space of switch engine is consistent; And corresponding, in the embodiment with polarity rotary unit, this polarity rotary unit is odd number zone or the even numbers zone of overlay switch engine only, namely is the interval mulching method.
That is, among the embodiment for Fig. 3, the reflector space of described switch engine comprise the first adjacent on space reflector space, the second reflector space ..., 2x or (2x+1) reflector space, x is the natural number more than or equal to 1; Described polarity rotary unit comprises discontinuous a plurality of polarity spinner, described a plurality of polarity spinner cover successively described switch engine the first reflector space, the 3rd reflector space ..., the 2x+1 reflector space, or the second reflector space ..., the 2x reflector space.
And in the example such as Fig. 4, the reflector space of the diffraction region of diffraction grating, switch engine arrange identical with previous embodiment; The difference of itself and Fig. 3 is do not have the polarity rotary unit, but carries out the polarity rotation by the Polarity Control unit, and have polarizer unit that a plurality of polarity differ 90 degree successively also corresponding diffraction region arrange.
Also need to prove, diffraction region in the above-described embodiments and the concrete shape of reflector space, and be unlikely to example in the diagram, and be illustrative nature only among the figure, also can be by other suitable shapes in specific embodiment.Simultaneously, the shape of each device in the diagram such as the polarizer, polarity rotary unit etc., also only is illustrative nature, does not limit the concrete shape of each device in the embodiment of the invention with this.
As shown in Figure 5, among the embodiment for Fig. 3, Polarity Control unit 20 can comprise: polarity decomposing module 200 is used for the light signal of input is decomposed into the first polar signal and the second polar signal, the polarity quadrature of the polarity of described the first polar signal and described the second polar signal; The first polarity rotary module 202 is used for making its polarity identical with the polarity of described the second polar signal the polarity 90-degree rotation of described the first polar signal, and postrotational signal and the second polar signal is synthesized the light signal that acquisition only has the second polarity; Wherein, can claim that the polarity of described the second polar signal is the polarity of described Polarity Control unit.
As shown in Figure 6, then be among the embodiment of corresponding diagram 4, Polarity Control unit 22 can comprise: polarity decomposing module 200, the at least two ways of optical signals that is used for inputting is decomposed into respectively the first polar signal and the second polar signal, the polarity quadrature of the polarity of described the first polar signal and described the second polar signal; The second polarity rotary module 203, be used for to make corresponding to the polarity 90-degree rotation of the first polar signal of adjacent two ways of optical signals first via light signal its polarity identical with polarity corresponding to the second polar signal of this first via light signal, and postrotational signal and the second polar signal corresponding to this first via light signal are synthesized the road light signal that acquisition only has the second polarity; And also be used for to make corresponding to the polarity 90-degree rotation of the second polar signal of the second road light signal of above-mentioned adjacent two ways of optical signals its polarity identical with polarity corresponding to the first polar signal of this second road light signal, and postrotational signal and the first polar signal are synthesized another road light signal that acquisition only has the first polarity.
Each module in the present embodiment when specific implementation, can adopt the optical device with corresponding function, can adopt polarity light beam resolver to realize such as the polarity decomposing module, and based on the reversibility of light, it also can realize the function of polarity synthesis module simultaneously; Same, the polarity rotary module can take also to realize that the optical device of the function of aforesaid polarity rotary unit realizes.
Simultaneously, Polarity Control unit 20 or Polarity Control unit 22 also can comprise: polarity synthesis module (not shown), the light signal that is used for being input to after will described switch engine reflection described Polarity Control unit changes respectively the light signal of non-single polarity into, and by described output optical fibre port output.
Certainly, if the light signal of input is single polar signal, then above-mentioned Polarity Control unit can not comprise polarity decomposing module and the first polarity rotary module (or second polarity rotary module), gets final product and this Polarity Control unit only need play the effect of polarized filter.If the light signal of output does not need to be non-single polar signal that then the Polarity Control unit in this example can not comprise the polarity synthesis module.
Simultaneously, in order further to guarantee the accurate output of signal, the embodiment of the invention (as, Fig. 3 and embodiment shown in Figure 4) in wavelength-selective switches also can comprise calibrating device 22; Described calibrating device 22 is used for correspondence after the light signal calibration after the described switch engine reflection is outputed to described output optical fibre port between output optical fibre port and described Polarity Control unit.As shown in Figure 7, then be a kind of example that also comprises calibrating device 22 on the basis of embodiment as shown in Figure 3.
Should be understandable that, above-mentioned wavelength-selective switches can be 2 input N outputs (when having two optic fibre input end mouths), because light path principle of reversibility, above-mentioned wavelength-selective switches also can reversely use, be the output port of the input port of forward when using during as reverse the use, the input port of output port when forward uses during as reverse the use, the structure of wavelength-selective switches can not change.
As shown in Figure 7, be the concrete structure synoptic diagram of the 2 * N WSS in the embodiment of the invention.This WSS comprises: two input optical fibre ports (10 and 12), N fiber-optic output mouth (among the figure only example part), calibrating device, the Polarity Control unit, diffraction grating, catoptron, the clutter reduction unit (comprises a polarizer, a polarity rotary unit), the switch engine that has two isolated areas.
Input light at first enters the Polarity Control unit, the light that derives from different input optical fibres in the Polarity Control unit is broken down into two kinds of polarity of polarity quadrature, then wherein a kind of polarity is rotated on the another kind of polarity, make the light of output only have a kind of polarity, and so that the light signal of this polarity be can be fully light signal by the polarizer on the subsequent optical path.For example, in the Polarity Control unit, at first can be broken down into two way light of polarity quadrature from the light of input optical fibre 1, then wherein the polarity of one road light rotates on the polarity of another road light, (such processing mainly is because existing polarity multiplex transmission system is so that usually there is the signal of two kinds of polarity on light so that two way light have same polarity, and the processing of this programme is carried out according to single polarity), this two ways light was considered an integral body and processes during light path was processed afterwards, until light passes through the Polarity Control unit after being reflected again, at this moment road polarity in the two way light can be rotated to another road polarity and differ on the polarity of 90 degree, and then two way light synthesize one tunnel light (in order to support the requirement of polarity multiplex system) with two kinds of polarity again.The differentiation of the sub-light that especially, two-way polarity is identical is to rely on the relative position between them to realize.
Then the light from different input optical fibre ports is decomposed by the zones of different of same diffraction grating.In this example, first Region Decomposition of diffraction grating is from the light of input optical fibre port one 0, and second Region Decomposition of diffraction grating from the light of input optical fibre port one 2.If also have from the light of input optical fibre port one 3 inputs, then corresponding diffraction grating is divided into the upper, middle and lower Three regions and gets final product; When also having more the multichannel input optical signal, then diffraction grating is further divided into the zone of multirow shape (or multiple row shape).
Light after being decomposed is reflected mirror and reflexes on the polarity inhibition unit, and this polarity suppresses unit and is comprised of a polarizer and a polarity rotary unit.Light from input optical fibre port one 0 is reflected to the first half that polarity suppresses the polarizer in the unit, reflexes to the latter half of the polarizer in the polarity inhibition unit from the light of input optical fibre port one 2.And the function of the polarizer to be the light that only can allow to have particular polarity pass through fully, and stop the light with the polarity of this particular polarity phase quadrature fully.
By selecting the suitable polarizer, so that outputing to the light signal with single polarity of diffraction grating, the Polarity Control unit just can pass through this polarizer fully.The polarizer covers input light and the output light light path of whole switch engine, and the polarity rotary unit of placing behind the polarizer only covers second zone of the polarizer and second zone of switch engine.When the incident light that derives from two input optical fibre ports passed through the polarizer for the first time, owing to the polarity of light is adjusted in the Polarity Control unit of front end, making it just in time was the polarity of pass through of the polarizer, and light is with no difficulty passing through in the least.Signal from input optical fibre port one 0 is directly reflected by switch engine the first half by after polarizer the first half, and be reflected back the polarizer the first half and can be through only not covering second regional polarity rotary unit of the polarizer and switch engine, reflected light passes through the polarizer again, because coming from the signal of input optical fibre port one 0 only processes in the first half of the polarizer and switch engine, so and without the polarity rotary unit, the polarity that is light is not changed, so reflected light can pass through polarizer outgoing.And from the signal of input optical fibre port one 2 by after polarizer the latter half, (polarity is rotated by 90 degrees at first to be changed polarity by the polarity rotary unit, vertical with the polarity of the polarizer, so that this polarity can not be passed through the polarizer), then incident light is reflected by the latter half of switch engine, reflected light passes through the polarity rotary unit again, polarity is by 90-degree rotation again, the result of twice rotation so that catoptrical Polarity restoration to the passing through on the polarity of the polarizer, reflected light can be by the latter half of the polarizer.
Crosstalk then is that the light from input optical fibre port one 0 is reflexed to mistakenly second regional light path (this time is not passed through the polarity rotary unit before inciding the switch engine in the switch engine, in reflection time, is through a polarity rotary unit), perhaps in the switch engine, be reflected to mistakenly on first regional light path (this time is being incided before the switch engine through a polarity rotary unit, and can not pass through the polarity rotary unit after reflection) from the light of input optical fibre port one 2; Because such light only passes through the polarity spinner once, polarity only is rotated by 90 degrees, so that the polarity of this light signal just differs 90 degree with the polarity that the Polarity Control unit outputs to the light signal of diffraction grating, so when reflexing to the polarizer, can not pass through fully, and be filtered, namely reach the purpose that inhibition is crosstalked.
The switch engine is divided into up and down two independently zones, respectively the light that derives from input optical fibre port one and input optical fibre port 2 is carried out reflex control.Certainly, if also have the light of input optical fibre port 3 inputs, then corresponding switch engine is divided into the upper, middle and lower Three regions; Simultaneously, the polarity rotary unit only covers the zone line (or regional up and down) in the upper, middle and lower Three regions.When also having more the multichannel input optical signal, then the switch engine is further divided into the zone of multirow shape (or multiple row shape), and polarity rotary unit then interlacing covers a zone.
Reversing in the embodiment of the invention mainly is that 90 degree that polarity occurs change after passing through the polarity rotary unit for light, and by the polarizer, the polarity of light can not change behind the switch engine.For for the light of input optical fibre port one 0, it is passing through mirror reflects behind the polarizer, the device of process comprises the first half of diffraction grating, the first half of the polarizer, the first half of switch engine, and not through changing the polarity rotary unit of polarity, so polarity does not change.And come from input optical fibre port one 2 light since can twice through the polarity rotary unit, its reversing 180 degree are exactly not become, and also can again pass through the polarizer.But for Crosstalk, (passing to first light path from first light path string to second light path or from second light path) only can be through a polarity rotary unit, reversing 90 degree, so can not pass through the polarizer, this has just reached the purpose that inhibition is crosstalked.
Certainly, be appreciated that from above-described embodiment the input optical signal way is more, then the zone of the division such as diffraction grating and switch engine is also just more, and corresponding clutter reduction performance then descends relatively.
As shown in Figure 8, then be the another kind of wavelength-selective switches in the embodiment of the invention, it comprises: N optic fibre input end mouth is used for corresponding input from the light signal of N bar input optical fibre; N 1 * M/2 optical splitter, its input end is connected with described N optic fibre input end mouth respectively, is used for being divided into respectively M/2 road light signal by N light signal of N optic fibre input end mouth input, and wherein, N and M are the integer more than or equal to 2; M/2 has the N of clutter reduction function * 2 wavelength-selective switches, and the input of each described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches connects a road of all described N optical splitters and exports.
Wherein, described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches be among the preamble embodiment of reverse use (as, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 or Fig. 7 etc.) wavelength-selective switches, the fiber-optic output mouth of the wavelength-selective switches among the corresponding preamble embodiment of the optic fibre input end mouth of described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches, two optic fibre input end mouths of the wavelength-selective switches among the corresponding preamble embodiment of the fiber-optic output mouth of described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches.For example, the reverse use of 2 * N wavelength-selective switches shown in Figure 7 the N in the present embodiment * 2 wavelength-selective switches have just been become, namely, two input optical fibre ports in 2 * N wavelength-selective switches shown in Figure 7 are in the present embodiment as two output optical fibre ports, and N output optical fibre port in 2 * N wavelength-selective switches shown in Figure 7 is in the present embodiment as N input optical fibre port.
That is, can the wavelength-selective switches in the embodiment of the invention be made up, be combined into the wavelength-selective switches of multiple-input and multiple-output; In the example such as Fig. 8, N ellipse represents N optical splitter, and its function is that an input signal is divided into identical M/2 part.2 * N WSS can reversely use, both can be with 2 as input port, and N also can be with N as input port as output port, and 2 as output port.The principle of work of N * M WSS is any one wavelength signals of any one input port can be outputed on any one output port.
And by the effect that structure can reach with N * M WSS is identical of (with the i=2 in this example) WSS of the i * N in above-described embodiment and optical splitter structure.At first, the signal on each road can arrive each N * 2WSS by shunt, and this WSS can select any one wavelength of N any one input port in the input port to be delivered to any output port in 2 input ports.The combination of organizing this spline structure by M/2 just can realize the function with N * M WSS equivalence.Any one wavelength signals that is about to any one input port outputs on any one output port.
In prior art, use N * 1 WSS to construct the method for N * M WSS, present embodiment only needs the WSS module of M/2 N * 2 to realize N * M WSS, number of modules is with respect to reducing 50% in the prior art, interconnected fiber count is N * (M/2), also reduced 50%.
Certainly, i can also be chosen as the number more than or equal to 2, construct N * M WSS with N * i WSS, then only need the WSS module of M/i N * i to realize N * M WSS, number of modules only is 1/i of number of modules of the prior art, interconnected fiber count is N * (M/i), also only be 1/i of the prior art.
By foregoing description as can be known, in embodiments of the present invention, realized the structure (i is the natural number more than or equal to 2) of i * N WSS on the basis of single WSS structure, and multi-path light has been realized independently control.Incide the polarity of switch engine zones of different light by Polarity Control unit and the polarizer (or also comprising the polarity rotary unit) control, and make the light of reflection according to the difference of its polarity, the reflex path that is limited in separately passes through, and crosstalks thereby reduced in the mutual band between the light that derives from different input optical fibres.
Construct more the N of multiport number * M WSS by the embodiment of the invention and construct with respect to using 1 * N WSS, number of modules reduces relatively, and interconnected fiber count is N * (M/i), also reduced.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process that realizes in above-described embodiment method, to come the relevant hardware of instruction to finish by computer program, described program can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium, this program can comprise the flow process such as the embodiment of above-mentioned each side method when carrying out.Wherein, described storage medium can be magnetic disc, CD, read-only store-memory body (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or store-memory body (Random Access Memory, RAM) etc. at random.
The above is preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also are considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. a wavelength-selective switches is characterized in that, described wavelength-selective switches comprises:
At least two input optical fibre ports are used for inputting respectively the light signal from least two input optical fibres;
The Polarity Control unit is used for adjusting the polarity from the light signal of each input optical fibre port input, so that at least two ways of optical signals after adjusting all becomes the light signal that only has a kind of polarity, and the polarity of at least two ways of optical signals after the described adjustment is identical;
Diffraction grating is used at least two ways of optical signals after the described adjustment of the corresponding decomposition of at least two diffraction region of described diffraction grating, obtains respectively the light signal that at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength;
Reflecting element is used for the light signal that described at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength is reflexed to respectively at least two reflector spaces on the switch engine;
The polarizer between described reflecting element and described switch engine and cover described at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine, is used for according to the polarity of described Polarity Control unit the light signal by it being filtered;
The polarity rotary unit, between the described polarizer and described switch engine and cover the first reflector space in described at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine and do not cover the reflector space adjacent with described the first reflector space, being used for will be by its polarity 90-degree rotation of light signal;
Described switch engine, wherein, described switch engine comprises two reflector spaces at least, each reflector space of described switch engine carries out reflex control to the light signal that incides this reflector space it is reflected to described reflecting element, so that export by corresponding output optical fibre port through the light signal behind the reflex control.
2. wavelength-selective switches as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described Polarity Control unit comprises:
The polarity decomposing module is used for the light signal of input is decomposed into the first polar signal and the second polar signal, the polarity quadrature of the polarity of described the first polar signal and described the second polar signal;
The first polarity rotary module is used for making its polarity identical with the polarity of described the second polar signal the polarity 90-degree rotation of described the first polar signal, and postrotational signal and the second polar signal is synthesized the light signal that acquisition only has the second polarity;
Wherein, claim that the polarity of described the second polar signal is the polarity of described Polarity Control unit.
3. wavelength-selective switches as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described Polarity Control unit also comprises:
The polarity synthesis module, the light signal that is used for being input to after will described switch engine reflection described Polarity Control unit changes respectively the light signal of non-single polarity into, and by described output optical fibre port output.
4. such as each described wavelength-selective switches in the claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that described wavelength-selective switches also comprises calibrating device;
Described calibrating device is used for correspondence after the light signal calibration after the described switch engine reflection is input to corresponding output optical fibre port between described output optical fibre port and described Polarity Control unit.
5. such as each described wavelength-selective switches in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine are included as on the space up and down or two adjacent zones of the left and right sides at least.
6. wavelength-selective switches as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the reflector space of described switch engine comprise the first adjacent on space reflector space, the second reflector space ..., 2x or (2x+1) reflector space, x is the natural number more than or equal to 1;
Described polarity rotary unit comprises discontinuous a plurality of polarity spinner, described a plurality of polarity spinner cover successively described switch engine the first reflector space, the 3rd reflector space ..., the 2x+1 reflector space, or the second reflector space ..., the 2x reflector space.
7. a wavelength-selective switches is characterized in that, described wavelength-selective switches comprises:
At least two input optical fibre ports are used for inputting respectively the light signal from least two input optical fibres;
The Polarity Control unit, be used for adjusting the polarity from the described light signal of each input optical fibre port input, so that at least two ways of optical signals after adjusting becomes respectively the light signal with single polarity, and the polarity between the adjacent two ways of optical signals after adjusting differs 90 degree;
Diffraction grating is used at least two ways of optical signals after the described adjustment of the corresponding decomposition of at least two diffraction region of described diffraction grating, obtains respectively the light signal that at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength;
Reflecting element is used for the light signal that described at least two groups have a plurality of wavelength is reflexed to respectively at least two reflector spaces on the switch engine;
At least two polarizers, between described reflecting element and described switch engine, also cover respectively described at least two reflector spaces of described switch engine, the polarity of at least two ways of optical signals after being used for adjusting according to described Polarity Control unit is respectively filtered the light signal by it;
Described switch engine, wherein, described switch engine comprises two reflector spaces at least, each reflector space of described switch engine carries out reflex control to the light signal that incides this reflector space it is reflected to described reflecting element, so that export by corresponding output optical fibre port through the light signal behind the reflex control.
8. wavelength-selective switches as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described Polarity Control unit comprises:
The polarity decomposing module, at least two ways of optical signals that is used for inputting is decomposed into respectively the first polar signal and the second polar signal, the polarity quadrature of the polarity of described the first polar signal and described the second polar signal;
The second polarity rotary module, be used for to make corresponding to the polarity 90-degree rotation of the first polar signal of adjacent two ways of optical signals first via light signal its polarity identical with polarity corresponding to the second polar signal of described first via light signal, and postrotational signal and the second polar signal corresponding to described first via light signal are synthesized the road light signal that acquisition only has the second polarity; And also be used for to make corresponding to the polarity 90-degree rotation of the second polar signal of described adjacent two ways of optical signals the second road light signal its polarity identical with polarity corresponding to the first polar signal of described the second road light signal, and postrotational signal and the first polar signal corresponding to described the second road light signal are synthesized the road light signal that acquisition only has the first polarity.
9. wavelength-selective switches as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described Polarity Control unit also comprises:
The polarity synthesis module, the light signal that is used for being input to after will described switch engine reflection described Polarity Control unit changes respectively the light signal of non-single polarity into, and by described output optical fibre port output.
10. such as each described wavelength-selective switches in the claim 7 to 9, it is characterized in that described wavelength-selective switches also comprises calibrating device;
Described calibrating device is used for correspondence after the light signal calibration after the described switch engine reflection is input to corresponding described output optical fibre port between described output optical fibre port and described Polarity Control unit.
11. a wavelength-selective switches is characterized in that, described wavelength-selective switches comprises:
N optic fibre input end mouth is used for corresponding input from the light signal of N bar input optical fibre;
N 1 * M/2 optical splitter, its input end is connected with described N optic fibre input end mouth respectively; Each 1 * M/2 optical splitter is used for the light signal of input is divided into M/2 road light signal, and wherein, N and M are the integer more than or equal to 2;
M/2 has the N of clutter reduction function * 2 wavelength-selective switches, and N input port of each described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches connects a road of all described N optical splitters and export;
Wherein, described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches are such as described any one wavelength-selective switches of claim 1 to 10, the corresponding fiber-optic output mouth such as the wavelength-selective switches in the claim 1 to 10 of the optic fibre input end mouth of described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches, the corresponding optic fibre input end mouth such as the wavelength-selective switches in the claim 1 to 10 of the fiber-optic output mouth of described N * 2 wavelength-selective switches.
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