CN103066307A - Self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell - Google Patents
Self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN103066307A CN103066307A CN2013100150038A CN201310015003A CN103066307A CN 103066307 A CN103066307 A CN 103066307A CN 2013100150038 A CN2013100150038 A CN 2013100150038A CN 201310015003 A CN201310015003 A CN 201310015003A CN 103066307 A CN103066307 A CN 103066307A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell which comprises a methanol storage tank, an anode supporting plate, an anode current collecting plate, a membrane electrode, a cathode current collecting plate and a cathode supporting layer which are successively connected. The self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell is characterized in that a supporting plate and a first ventilation plate are sequentially connected between the methanol storage tank and the anode supporting plate; the supporting plate is provided with a fuel filling port and a gas releasing port, and the surface of the supporting plate in connection with the first ventilation plate is provided with a current field; and the first ventilation plate is provided with a fuel filling port and a gas releasing port, the fuel filling port of the supporting plate is communicated with the fuel filling port of the first ventilation plate, and the gas releasing port of the supporting plate is communicated with the gas releasing port of the first ventilation plate. The cell provided by the invention has the advantages that a carbon dioxide semi-enclosed region is formed so as to prevent external oxygen from entering the cell and prevent an anode from being oxidized, the property of the methanol fuel cell provided by the invention is stable, a methanol solution the concentration of which is more than 5M is utilized, and the discharging time is long.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methanol fuel cell field, particularly a kind of self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell.
Background technology
Direct methanol fuel cell belongs to a kind of in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, and directly using methanol solution or steam methyl alcohol is that fuel is supplied with the source, and does not need by methyl alcohol, gasoline or natural its reformation hydrogen production for sending out a point.Direct methanol fuel cell is gathered around in portable electric appts owing to having the characteristics such as low-running-temperature, specific energy density is high, simple in structure, fail safe is good and is had broad application prospects.
Wherein, self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell is a kind of fuel cell that is considered to have most market-oriented potentiality, it is take methanol solution as fuel, take airborne oxygen as oxidant, at the anode of membrane electrode with methanol oxidation, ejected electron and carbon dioxide, electronics arrives negative electrode by proton exchange membrane, with the oxygen water generation reaction of negative electrode, emit simultaneously electric energy, externally acting.The negative electrode of self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell is directly exposed in the air, airborne oxygen arrives cathode catalyst layer by diffusion transmission forms such as concentration difference diffusion and cross-ventilations and carries out electrochemical reducting reaction, need not battery auxiliary equipment and the heating systems such as methyl alcohol peristaltic pump, air pump, thereby energy consumption and the production cost of battery itself have been reduced, simplified the fuel cell structure system, made the kind of battery system and volume can realize smoothly microminiaturization and commercialization.
At present, certainly breathe methanol fuel cell and comprise methanol solution storage pond, anode-supported plate, anode current collector plate, membrane electrode, cathode collector plate and the cathode branch fagging that connects successively.Wherein, the anode-supported plate comprises that two-layer hollow out becomes the plate of several parallel channels and the diffusion ventilated membrane between the two-ply, the diffusion ventilated membrane absorbs methanol solution, methanol solution directly contacts with membrane electrode by conduit and anode current collector plate, when liquid level of solution is not enough to flood the membrane electrode surface, the not covered part of membrane electrode will be exposed in the air, the easy oxidation by air of the anode in the membrane electrode, thereby the stability of reduction battery.And it can only utilize concentration less than the methanol solution of 5mol/L.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell, stable performance, discharge time is long.
The invention provides a kind of self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell, comprise the methyl alcohol storage tank that connects successively, anode-supported plate, anode current collector plate, membrane electrode, cathode collector plate and cathode support layer, it is characterized in that, be connected with supporting bracket and the first air permeable plate between described methyl alcohol storage tank and the anode-supported plate in turn;
Be provided with fuel inlet and gas on the described supporting bracket and disengage mouth; Be provided with the flow field on described supporting bracket and the surface that the first air permeable plate links to each other;
Be provided with the fuel inlet on described the first air permeable plate and gas disengages mouth;
Fuel inlet on the described supporting bracket and the fuel inlet on the first air permeable plate communicate;
Gas on the described supporting bracket disengage mouthful and the first air permeable plate on gas disengage mouth and communicate.
Preferably, be provided with the second air permeable plate between described supporting bracket and the first air permeable plate; Be provided with fuel inlet and runner on described the second air permeable plate; Fuel inlet on the second air permeable plate communicates with fuel inlet on the first air permeable plate, and the runner on the second air permeable plate and gas on the first air permeable plate disengage and mouthful communicates.
Preferably, described supporting bracket is corrosion resistant plate, graphite cake or glass dimension reinforced polyester plate.
Preferably, described the first air permeable plate is graphite paper, pellosil, rubber slab or fluorine film.
Preferably, the thickness of described the first air permeable plate is less than 1mm and greater than 0.1mm.
Preferably, described the second air permeable plate is graphite paper, pellosil, rubber slab or fluorine film.
Preferably, the thickness of described the second air permeable plate is less than 1mm and greater than 0.1mm.
Preferably, described flow field is interdigital shape or snakelike.
Compared with prior art, methanol fuel cell of the present invention comprises the methyl alcohol storage tank that connects successively, anode-supported plate, anode current collector plate, membrane electrode, cathode collector plate and cathode support layer are connected with supporting bracket and the first air permeable plate in turn between described methyl alcohol storage tank and the anode-supported plate; Be provided with fuel inlet and gas on the described supporting bracket and disengage mouth; Be provided with the flow field on described supporting bracket and the surface that the first air permeable plate links to each other; Be provided with the fuel inlet on described the first air permeable plate and gas disengages mouth; Fuel inlet on the described supporting bracket and the fuel inlet on the first air permeable plate communicate; Gas on the described supporting bracket disengage mouthful and the first air permeable plate on gas disengage mouth and communicate.
Methanol solution is entered by the fuel inlet of supporting bracket, fuel inlet through the first air permeable plate arrives the anode-supported plate, then at membrane electrode electrochemical reaction occurs through the anode current collector plate, after the carbon dioxide that reaction generates passes through anode current collector plate and anode-supported plate successively, the gas that disengages on mouth and the supporting bracket through the gas on the first air permeable plate disengages mouth, discharges outside the cell body.Supporting bracket, the first air permeable plate and anode-supported plate have formed the semi enclosed area of a carbon dioxide, have stoped entering of extraneous oxygen, prevent that anode is oxidized, therefore methanol fuel cell stable performance of the present invention.In addition, because the semi enclosed area of the carbon dioxide that supporting bracket, the first air permeable plate and anode-supported plate form has suppressed the volatilization of methanol solution, therefore methanol fuel cell of the present invention can utilize concentration to be the methanol solution more than the 5M, and discharge time is long.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION figure of self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just as further specifying the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the restriction of claim of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell, comprise the methyl alcohol storage tank that connects successively, anode-supported plate, anode current collector plate, membrane electrode, cathode collector plate and cathode support layer, it is characterized in that, be connected with supporting bracket and the first air permeable plate between described methyl alcohol storage tank and the anode-supported plate in turn;
Be provided with fuel inlet and gas on the described supporting bracket and disengage mouth; Be provided with the flow field on described supporting bracket and the surface that the first air permeable plate links to each other;
Be provided with the fuel inlet on described the first air permeable plate and gas disengages mouth;
Fuel inlet on the described supporting bracket and the fuel inlet on the first air permeable plate communicate;
Gas on the described supporting bracket disengage mouthful and the first air permeable plate on gas disengage mouth and communicate.
According to the present invention, of the present invention from breathing the methyl alcohol direct fuel cell, comprise the methyl alcohol storage tank that connects successively, anode-supported plate, anode current collector plate, membrane electrode, cathode collector plate and cathode support layer, described each element connect by screw and connect.
The present invention does not have particular restriction to the structure of methyl alcohol storage tank, can store methanol solution and get final product.
The structure and material of antianode collector plate of the present invention does not have particular restriction, can select according to structure and material well known to those skilled in the art.
The present invention does not have particular restriction to structure and the material of membrane electrode, can select according to structure and material well known to those skilled in the art.
The structure and material of target collector plate of the present invention does not have particular restriction, can select according to structure and material well known to those skilled in the art.
The structure and material of target supporting layer of the present invention does not have particular restriction, can select according to structure and material well known to those skilled in the art.
Described anode-supported plate comprises that preferably two-layer hollow out becomes the plate of several parallel channels and the diffusion ventilated membrane between the two-ply, described diffusion ventilated membrane is necessary for hydrophilic material, be preferably cellular-plastic panels, rubber slab, inorganic material plate or fiber board and make, more preferably the porous fibre plate.The present invention is to the methyl alcohol storage tank, and anode current collector plate, membrane electrode, cathode collector plate and cathode branch fagging all do not have particular restriction, gets final product according to material well known to those skilled in the art and method preparation.
Be connected with supporting bracket and the first air permeable plate between described methyl alcohol storage tank and the anode-supported plate in turn;
Be provided with fuel inlet and gas on the described supporting bracket and disengage mouth; Be provided with the flow field on described supporting bracket and the surface that the first air permeable plate links to each other; Described supporting bracket is preferably corrosion resistant plate, graphite cake or glass dimension reinforced polyester plate.Acting as of described flow field helps the gas diffusion, and described flow field is interdigital shape or snakelike.The present invention does not have particular restriction to the proterties that fuel inlet and gas disengage mouthful, and the fuel inlet on the described supporting bracket and gas disengage mouth and is preferably circle.The present invention does not have particular restriction to the size that fuel inlet and gas disengage mouthful yet.Described fuel inlet and gas disengage the both sides that mouth is preferably placed at supporting bracket.
Be provided with the fuel inlet on described the first air permeable plate and gas disengages mouth; Described the first air permeable plate is preferably graphite paper, pellosil, rubber slab or fluorine film.The thickness of described the first air permeable plate is less than 1mm and greater than 0.1mm.The present invention does not have particular restriction to the proterties that fuel inlet and gas disengage mouthful, and the fuel inlet on described the first air permeable plate and gas disengage mouth and is preferably rectangle.The present invention does not have particular restriction to the size that fuel inlet and gas disengage mouthful yet.Described fuel inlet and gas disengage the side that mouth is preferably placed at the first air permeable plate.
Fuel inlet on the described supporting bracket and the fuel inlet on the first air permeable plate communicate;
Gas on the described supporting bracket disengage mouthful and the first air permeable plate on gas disengage mouth and communicate.
In order to increase sealing, be provided with the second air permeable plate between preferred described supporting bracket and the first air permeable plate; Be provided with fuel inlet and runner on described the second air permeable plate; Fuel inlet on the second air permeable plate communicates with fuel inlet on the first air permeable plate, and the runner on the second air permeable plate and gas on the first air permeable plate disengage and mouthful communicates.Described the second air permeable plate is preferably graphite paper, pellosil, rubber slab or fluorine film.The thickness of described the second air permeable plate is preferably less than 1mm and greater than 0.1mm.Described fuel inlet and gas disengage the both sides that mouth is preferably placed at the second air permeable plate.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION figure of self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell of the present invention, comprises the methyl alcohol storage tank L that connects successively, supporting bracket A, the second air permeable plate B, the first air permeable plate C, anode-supported plate G, anode current collector plate H, membrane electrode I, cathode collector plate J and cathode branch fagging K.Comprise fuel inlet 1 on the support plate A, fastened by screw mouth 2, gas disengage mouth 3 and flow field 4.Comprise fuel inlet 5 and runner 6 on described the second supporting bracket.Comprise on described the first supporting bracket that fuel inlet 7 and gas disengage mouth 8.
Self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell of the present invention, can form a semienclosed cavity, be stored in the fuel gateway 1 that methanol solution in the methyl alcohol storage tank passes through supporting bracket A successively, the fuel inlet 5 of the second air permeable plate B, the fuel inlet 7 of the first air permeable plate C arrives anode-supported plate G, arrive membrane electrode I through anode current collector plate H again and participate in electrochemical reaction, the gas permeation anode current collector plate H such as carbon dioxide that reaction generates, the runner 6 and the gas on the supporting bracket A that disengage on mouthful 8, the second air permeable plate B through the gas on the first air permeable plate C successively disengage outside mouthful 3 discharge batteries.
In self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell of the present invention, form a semienclosed cavity, the gas of generation is discharged outside the battery along an air cavity that is similar to V-type, has stoped on the one hand the volatilization of methanol solution, therefore can utilize concentration to be the methanol solution more than the 5M, discharge time is long; Stoped on the other hand entering of oxygen, thereby provide a splendid zone to anode, prevented that anode is oxidized.
Self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell of the present invention can also be composed in series pile.
The present invention does not have particular restriction to the size of self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell, the battery that those skilled in the art can be differed in size according to the size design of membrane electrode, and the present invention can also be used for formic acid from breathing fuel cell.
Embodiment 1
Described from breathing methyl alcohol direct fuel cell structure as shown in Figure 1.
Described supporting bracket A is the fiberglass reinforcing polyester plate, and the second air permeable plate B is graphite paper, and thickness is 0.8mm, and the first air permeable plate C is graphite cake, and thickness is 0.8mm.
Anode current collector plate H and cathode collector plate J are sheet metal, and thickness is 0.06mm.
Effective acting area of membrane electrode I is 2 * 2.5=5cm
2
Self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell to the present embodiment carries out discharge test, when in the methyl alcohol storage tank, injecting the methanol solution of 10mL15M, described self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell can be under 60 milliamperes electric current continuous discharge 60 hours between 0.3V ~ 0.4V.
Embodiment 2
Be composed in series a pile from breathing the methyl alcohol direct fuel cell with 10 embodiment 1 are described, use the methanol solution of 120mL15M to carry out discharge test, can be under 60 milliamperes electric current continuous discharge 50 hours between 3V ~ 4V.
The explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection range of claim of the present invention.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make this area professional and technical personnel can realize or use the present invention.Multiple modification to these embodiment will be apparent concerning those skilled in the art, and General Principle as defined herein can be in the situation that do not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention, in other embodiments realization.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (8)
1. a self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell comprises the methyl alcohol storage tank that connects successively, anode-supported plate, anode current collector plate, membrane electrode, cathode collector plate and cathode support layer is characterized in that, are connected with supporting bracket and the first air permeable plate between described methyl alcohol storage tank and the anode-supported plate in turn;
Be provided with fuel inlet and gas on the described supporting bracket and disengage mouth; Be provided with the flow field on described supporting bracket and the surface that the first air permeable plate links to each other;
Be provided with the fuel inlet on described the first air permeable plate and gas disengages mouth;
Fuel inlet on the described supporting bracket and the fuel inlet on the first air permeable plate communicate;
Gas on the described supporting bracket disengage mouthful and the first air permeable plate on gas disengage mouth and communicate.
2. methanol fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with the second air permeable plate between described supporting bracket and the first air permeable plate; Be provided with fuel inlet and runner on described the second air permeable plate; Fuel inlet on the second air permeable plate communicates with fuel inlet on the first air permeable plate, and the runner on the second air permeable plate and gas on the first air permeable plate disengage and mouthful communicates.
3. methanol fuel cell according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described supporting bracket is corrosion resistant plate, graphite cake or glass dimension reinforced polyester plate.
4. methanol fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described the first air permeable plate is graphite paper, pellosil, rubber slab or fluorine film.
5. methanol fuel cell according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the thickness of described the first air permeable plate is less than 1mm and greater than 0.1mm.
6. methanol fuel cell according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described the second air permeable plate is graphite paper, pellosil, rubber slab or fluorine film.
7. methanol fuel cell according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the thickness of described the second air permeable plate is less than 1mm and greater than 0.1mm.
8. methanol fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described flow field is interdigital shape or snakelike.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310015003.8A CN103066307B (en) | 2013-01-15 | 2013-01-15 | Self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell |
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| CN201310015003.8A CN103066307B (en) | 2013-01-15 | 2013-01-15 | Self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell |
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| CN103066307A true CN103066307A (en) | 2013-04-24 |
| CN103066307B CN103066307B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105470545A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-06 | 山东联星能源集团有限公司 | Methanol fuel cell |
| CN109148927A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-04 | 重庆大学 | Air-breathing with submergence microjet is without film microfluid fuel cell |
| CN110635160A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-31 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Solid oxide fuel cell and new energy automobile |
| CN111477909A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-31 | 上海交通大学 | Air-permeable bipolar plate suitable for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack |
| CN111477906A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-31 | 上海交通大学 | Air-permeable bipolar plate suitable for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack |
| CN112186198A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Direct methanol fuel cell with anode using carbon nanotube paper as diffusion layer |
| CN114649543A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-21 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Heat management device for direct methanol fuel cell power supply system |
| CN117117274A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 南方科技大学 | Formic acid fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111477906A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-31 | 上海交通大学 | Air-permeable bipolar plate suitable for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack |
| CN112186198A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Direct methanol fuel cell with anode using carbon nanotube paper as diffusion layer |
| CN114649543A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-21 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Heat management device for direct methanol fuel cell power supply system |
| CN117117274A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 南方科技大学 | Formic acid fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103066307B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180313 Address after: Changzhou City, Jiangsu province Hehai road 213000 No. 9 Patentee after: Changzhou Institute of Energy Storage Materials & Devices Address before: 130022 Changchun people's street, Jilin, No. 5625 Patentee before: Changchun Institue of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences |