CN103060540B - A control method for yield strength of 1Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring forgings - Google Patents
A control method for yield strength of 1Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring forgings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a control method for yield strength of 1Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring forgings. The method comprises (1) detecting percentage contents of Mn, Cr, and N in 1Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring forging blank; (2) according to the percentage contents of Mn, Cr, and N in 1Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring forging blank, determining an initial yield strength value A0 of the 1Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring forging blank; and (3) in a cold deformation strengthening step, performing a plurality times of deformation and polish to the 1Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring forging blank to make the total deformation degree epsilon of the Epsilon to meet requirements. By using the method of the present invention to control the yield strength of the retaining ring forgings, 1Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring forgings with yield strength meeting production requirements can be manufactured at one time, thereby greatly reducing the production costs of 1Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring forgings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging and manufacture field, the particularly control method of yield strength in a kind of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece manufacturing process.
Background technology
Retaining ring is one of most important part in thermoelectricity and nuclear power generating sets, is assemblied in the coil winding at electric generating set rotor two ends, forms the rotating element of generating set together with electric generating set rotor, coil winding, support ring (center ring), ring header etc.1Mn18Cr18N steel has because of it manufactured materials that becomes retaining ring forged piece of new generation compared with high resistance to crack extension and stress corrosion resistant ability.Generating set requires retaining ring must have good strength property, so intensity index is most important performance index in retaining ring forged piece mechanical property acceptance test project, if the retaining ring forged piece intensity of producing can not reach service requirements, can only scrap.
An important procedure in retaining ring forged piece manufacturing process is cold deformation strengthening.The principle of cold deformation strengthening is to utilize metal when viscous deformation, produces the intensity that work hardening phenomenon improves steel.The yield strength of 1Mn18Cr18N steel improves with the increase of deformation extent, therefore, in 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging production technique, by the forge piece blank reheating deformation extent of controlling in cold deformation strengthening operation, controls retaining ring forged piece yield strength.In cold deformation strengthening operation, by applying external force to 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, make 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating be deformed to setting degree, and then realize the object of the yield strength of controlling retaining ring forged piece.The yield strength of retaining ring forged piece improves with the increase of deformation extent, but its plasticity and toughness reduce with the increase of deformation extent, therefore, for making retaining ring forged piece there is good performance, in the situation that meeting yield strength requirement, the deformation extent of retaining ring forged piece should be as far as possible little.In current retaining ring forged piece production technique, the deformation extent set(ting)value of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating is normally rule of thumb set, and the yield strength of the disposable 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging producing can not meet production requirement conventionally.Only have and set the different deformation extent value of many groups, through repeatedly, even a large amount of production trial-production, then carry out tension specimen, detect the yield strength of the retaining ring forged piece of trial-production, find out yield strength and meet a group of production requirement, and then carry out process parameters design according to the deformation extent ε of this group retaining ring forged piece blank, batch production surrender meets by force the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of production requirement.A large amount of retaining ring forged piece trial-production, causes a large amount of wastes of 1Mn18Cr18N steel, has also greatly improved manufacturing cost.Also too high just because of production cost, the large unit of China depends on import with 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging more at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome in prior art and because cannot accurately controlling yield strength, cause the deficiency that production cost is higher in existing 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging production process, a kind of control method of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging yield strength is provided, can realize the disposable 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging that yield strength meets service requirements of producing, reduce production costs.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A control method for 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging yield strength, comprises the following steps:
(1), detect the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N in 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating;
(2), according to the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N in 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, determine the initial yield strength value A0 of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating: if these three kinds of constituent contents are higher limit, A0 is 420～460MPa; If these three kinds of constituent contents are lower value, A0 is 330～380MPa; Otherwise A0 is 380～410MPa;
(3), in cold deformation strengthening operation, 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating is repeatedly out of shape and is polished, the total deformation degree ε of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating is met the demands:
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1≤0, control total deformation degree ε=(Rp-Ao)/K1 * 100;
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)≤0, controls total deformation degree ε=(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1)/K2 * 100+ ε 1;
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)≤0, controls total deformation degree ε=[(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)]/K3 * 100+ ε 2;
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)-K4 * 100 * (ε 4-ε 3)≤0, controls total deformation degree ε=[(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)]/K4 * 100+ ε 3;
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)-K4 * 100 * (ε 4-ε 3) > 0, controls total deformation degree ε=60%;
Wherein, ε 1, ε 2, ε 3 and ε 4 are respectively the deformation extent value increasing successively, and ε 1, ε 2, ε 3 and ε 4 are all less than or equal to 60%; K1, K2, K3 and K4 are respectively 10～30 constant, and Rp is target yield strength.
Preferably, by total deformation degree ε revision in step (3), be ε+(0.5%～1%).The normal conditions of actual production are, the yield strength of the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging that requirement is produced is more than or equal to target yield strength Rp, by deformation extent ε revision, be ε+(0.5%～1%), further guarantee that the yield strength of the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of production meets production requirement.
Preferably, if tension specimen temperature is 95 ℃～105 ℃, revise target yield strength Rp described in step (3): if the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N is higher limit in 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, revising Rp is Rp+(100～130MPa); If these three kinds of constituent contents are lower value, revising Rp is Rp+(170～200MPa); Otherwise revision Rp is Rp+(140～160MPa).After the manufacture of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging completes, (client) need to pass through tension specimen, and whether the yield strength that detects the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of producing meets production requirement.Generally, under normal temperature (20 ℃～29 ℃), carry out tension specimen detection, according to the service requirements of retaining ring forged piece, sometimes at 95 ℃～105 ℃, carry out tension specimen detection.Tension specimen temperature has impact to the detected result of yield strength, and the same retaining ring forged piece of production carries out yield strength detection at different tension specimen temperature, and detected result is different.And the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N is different in blank, under different stretch specimen temperature, detected result is also different.Therefore in process of production, according to the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N in tension specimen temperature and blank, target yield strength Rp is revised, guarantee that the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of producing meets production requirement.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: the control method of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging yield strength of the present invention, in cold deformation strengthening operation, by controlling the deformation extent of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, be ε, realize the yield strength of retaining ring forged piece and control.Pass through the inventive method, can disposablely produce the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging that yield strength meets production requirement, avoided because of the waste of material that a large amount of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging trial-production causes, the problem that cost improves, greatly reduce 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging manufacturing cost, also improved production efficiency simultaneously, make Chinese large-sized unit be no longer dependent on import with 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging, 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging manufacturing technology is no longer limited by abroad.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with test example and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as to the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment, all technology realizing based on content of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
Through research, find, the yield strength of retaining ring forged piece (conventional Rp0.2 represents) is relevant with the deformation extent of 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating in cold deformation strengthening operation, and deformation extent is different, and the yield strength of the retaining ring forged piece of producing is different.The yield strength of 1Mn18Cr18N steel (Rp0.2) improves with the increase of deformation extent, but different deformation extent scopes, the increase degree of yield strength is different.The inventive method is according to the deformation extent of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating in cold deformation strengthening operation and the relation of yield strength, by the deformation extent of retaining ring forged piece blank (0～70%, the maximum distortion degree of retaining ring forged piece blank is 70%) be divided into different intervals, as (0, ε 1], (ε 1, ε 2], (ε 2, ε 3], (ε 3, ε 4] ... (ε (n-1), ε n], again according to the relation of the deformation extent of yield strength and 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, Rp=Ao+K1 * 100 * ε 1+K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)+K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)+K4 * 100 * (ε 4-ε 3)+... + Kn * 100 * (ε n-ε (n-1)), by controlling the deformation extent of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating in cold deformation strengthening operation, indirectly control the yield strength of retaining ring forged piece.Ao is the initial yield strength value of the front 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating of distortion, K1, K2, K3, K4 ... Kn is respectively 10～30 different constants, the propagation coefficient that represents different distortion degree condition lower yield strength, unit is MPa, as K1 be interval (0, ε 1] yield strength propagation coefficient; ε 1, ε 2, ε 3, ε 4 ... ε n is percentage ratio, represents to become gradually large deformation extent value, and ε n≤70%.
Through research, find, in 1Mn18Cr18N steel ingot, in blank, the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N has impact to yield strength, and the content of Mn, Cr, N is different, and the yield strength under identical cold deformation is slightly different.In 1Mn18Cr18N steel ingot, in the main alloy element Mn of blank, Cr, N(1Mn18Cr18N steel ingot, blank also comprises other elements) weight percent content have corresponding standard, according to the weight percent of Mn, Cr, N in 1Mn18Cr18N steel forgings blank, initial yield strength value Ao in forge piece blank reheating before cold deformation is revised, can improve the accuracy of the deformation extent that will try to achieve.Concrete revise method is to detect the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N in 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating chemical composition: if the content of these three kinds of elements is higher limit, revising Ao is 420～460MPa; If these three kinds of constituent contents are lower value, revising A0 is 330～380MPa; If these three kinds of constituent contents are all between higher limit and lower value, revising A0 is 380～410MPa.
The 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of having manufactured needs stretched sample to detect, and to verify whether the yield strength of retaining ring forged piece meets manufacture requirement, and the temperature of tension specimen has impact to the yield strength detecting.That is,, in retaining ring forged piece manufacturing processed, even if adopt identical forging process, at different tension specimen temperature, detected yield strength is different.Therefore, in yield strength control process, different according to tension specimen temperature, the SMYS that the retaining ring forged piece that is production requirement to target yield strength Rp(will reach, conventionally the yield strength of production requirement retaining ring forged piece is more than or equal to Rp) revise, guarantee that the yield strength of the retaining ring forged piece of production meets production requirement.Concrete grammar is, if tension specimen temperature is 95 ℃～105 ℃, revising Rp is different values: if the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N is higher limit in 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, revising Rp is Rp+(100～130MPa); If these three kinds of constituent contents are lower value, revising Rp is Rp+(170～200MPa); Otherwise revision Rp is Rp+(140～160MPa).If tension specimen temperature is 20 ℃～29 ℃, target yield strength keeps initial value, i.e. Rp.
The yield strength of 1Mn18Cr18N steel (Rp0.2) improves with the increase of deformation extent, but its plasticity and toughness reduce with the increase of deformation extent.In retaining ring forged piece manufacturing processed, when guaranteeing yield strength, to consider plasticity and the toughness of retaining ring forged piece.Through research, find, after deformation extent reaches certain numerical value (55%), with the increase of deformation extent, Rp0.2 improves very micro-; After deformation extent reaches the limit (60%) of 1Mn18Cr18N, its plasticity (A%, Z%) and toughness (Kv2 or Kv8) index sharply decline, and retaining ring forged piece may break and scrap, so limit in cold deformation strengthening operation, the deformation extent of forge piece blank reheating is 60% to the maximum, i.e. ε n≤60%.
To the deformation extent of retaining ring forged piece blank (0～60%), divide carefullyyer, n value is larger, and the deformation extent precision of controlling retaining ring forged piece blank in cold deformation strengthening operation is higher.But find through research, the deformation extent of retaining ring forged piece in cold deformation strengthening operation must be more than or equal to 30%, could meet the minimum yield strength requirement of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging, therefore setting deformation extent Schwellenwert is 30%, i.e. ε 1=30%.Through research, find, cold deformation is divided into four intervals (0, ε 1], (ε 1, ε 2], (ε 2, ε 3], (ε 3, ε 4], ε 1=30% wherein, ε 2 is 35%～40%, ε 3 is 45%～50%, ε 4 is 60%, each interval corresponding 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging yield strength propagation coefficient is respectively K1=25, K1 is 14～17, K2 is 11～14, K3 is 7～10, in cold deformation strengthening operation, according to the relation of the deformation extent of yield strength and 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, controlling total deformation degree is ε, the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of producing can meet production requirement.So in actual production process, only need to be divided into according to cold deformation (0, ε 1], (ε 1, and ε 2], (ε 2, and ε 3], (ε 3, and ε 4] four intervals.
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1≤0, control total deformation degree ε=(Rp-Ao)/K1 * 100.
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)≤0, controls total deformation degree ε=(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1)/K2 * 100+ ε 1.
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)≤0, controls total deformation degree ε=[(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)]/K3 * 100+ ε 2.
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)-K4 * 100 * (ε 4-ε 3)≤0, controls total deformation degree ε=[(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)]/K4 * 100+ ε 3.
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)-K4 * 100 * (ε 4-ε 3) > 0, controls total deformation degree ε=60%.
Below by practical application, illustrate the inventive method.
User requires to produce a collection of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging, and the performance requriements of this batch of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging is: yield strength Rp0.2 >=1050MPa(normal temperature, 20 ℃～29 ℃), the temperature that tension specimen detects is 95 ℃～100 ℃.
The weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N in step (1), detection 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating.
In step (2), 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N is lower value, determines that the initial yield strength value A0 of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating is 350MPa.
Step (3), revision target yield strength value Rp are 1050+180=1330MPa.This reality for example in, cold deformation is divided into (0,30%], (30%, 40%], (40%, 50%], (50%, 60%] four intervals.Because Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)=1330-350-25 * 100 * 30%-17 * 100 * (40%-30%)-14 * 100 * (50%-40%)=-80<0, control total deformation degree ε=[(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)]/K3 * 100+ ε 2=[1330-350-25 * 100 * 30%-17 * 100 * (40%-30%)]/14 * 100+40%=44.29% ≈ 44.3%, conventionally the precision of ε gets 0.1%, adopting " entering one " principle is 0.1% by 0.09% income.In cold deformation strengthening operation, 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating be repeatedly out of shape and polished, making total deformation degree ε=44.3% of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating.In order further to guarantee that the yield strength of the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of production meets production requirement, total deformation degree ε suitably can be revised, by ε=44.3% revision, be for example ε
=44.8%。
Check:
Yield strength=350+25 * 100 * 30%+17 * 100 * (40%-30%)+14 * 100 * (44.3%-40%)=1330.2MPa >=1330MPa(target yield strength value Rp has been 1050+180=1330MPa by 1050MPa revision).Be cold deformation strengthening operation, after blank is repeatedly out of shape, making total deformation degree is 44.3%, and the yield strength of the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of producing just meets the yield strength minimum value 1050MPa of production requirement.By 44.3% revision of total deformation degree, be 44.8%, the yield strength of the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of producing is 350+25 * 100 * 30%+17 * 100 * (40%-30%)+14 * 100 * (44.8%-40%)=1337.2MPa >=1330MPa, and the yield strength of the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of production meets production requirement completely.At 95 ℃～100 ℃, carry out tension specimen detection, detected result is: the yield strength of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging is 1337MPa.
According to the inventive method, carry out the control of retaining ring forged piece yield strength, can disposablely produce the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging that yield strength meets production requirement.
Can be by the tension specimen detected result data input database of the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging of producing at every turn, for the Continual Improvement of quality product provides " data analysis " information.While carrying out each time yield strength control, the process design parameter of the analogous products of storing in also can comparable data storehouse (be yield strength requires close or identical) is (in particularly cold deformation strengthening operation, the total deformation degree ε parameter of forge piece blank reheating), total deformation degree value to design is carried out suitable revision, or be directly used in production yield strength and require same or analogous retaining ring forged piece, the yield strength of the 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging producing meets production requirement, faster production efficiency.
Claims (3)
1. a control method for 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging yield strength, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1), detect the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N in 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating;
(2), according to the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N in 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, determine the initial yield strength value A0 of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating: if these three kinds of constituent contents are higher limit, A0 is 420～460MPa; If these three kinds of constituent contents are lower value, A0 is 330～380MPa; Otherwise A0 is 380～410MPa;
(3), in cold deformation strengthening operation, 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating is repeatedly out of shape and is polished, the total deformation degree ε of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating is met the demands:
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1≤0, control total deformation degree ε=(Rp-Ao)/K1 * 100;
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)≤0, controls total deformation degree ε=(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1)/K2 * 100+ ε 1;
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)≤0, controls total deformation degree ε=[(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)]/K3 * 100+ ε 2;
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)-K4 * 100 * (ε 4-ε 3)≤0, controls total deformation degree ε=[(Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)]/K4 * 100+ ε 3;
If Rp-Ao-K1 * 100 * ε 1-K2 * 100 * (ε 2-ε 1)-K3 * 100 * (ε 3-ε 2)-K4 * 100 * (ε 4-ε 3) > 0, controls total deformation degree ε=60%;
Wherein, ε 1, ε 2, ε 3 and ε 4 are respectively the deformation extent increasing successively, and ε 1, ε 2, ε 3 and ε 4 are all less than or equal to 60%; K1, K2, K3 and K4 are respectively 10～30 constant, and Rp is target yield strength.
2. the control method of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging yield strength according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by total deformation degree ε revision in step (3), is ε+0.5%～1%.
3. the control method of 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forging yield strength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, if tension specimen temperature is 95 ℃～105 ℃, revise target yield strength Rp described in step (3): if the weight percent content of Mn, Cr, N is higher limit in 1Mn18Cr18N 18 N steel guard ring forge piece blank reheating, revising Rp is Rp+100～130MPa; If these three kinds of constituent contents are lower value, revising Rp is Rp+170～200MPa; Otherwise revision Rp is Rp+140～160MPa.
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