CN103050966B - Grounding device of modular multi-level voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) system and a design method of grounding device - Google Patents
Grounding device of modular multi-level voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) system and a design method of grounding device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC), in particular to a grounding device of a modular multi-level VSC-HVDC system and a design method of the grounding device. The grounding device is arranged at the alternating current (AC) side of a modular multi-level VSC-HVDC, is used for AC/DC component working conditions in the VSC-HVDC system and is used for meeting positive and negative voltage sharing of the DC side of the VSC-HVDC system or providing a zero-sequence current path. The grounding device comprises a grounding transformer and a grounding resistor which are connected with each other and a Z-type transformer or a star-delta transformer is adopted to serve as the grounding transformer. The design method comprises the following steps: A, determining excitation reactance parameters of the grounding transformer; B, determining parameters of the grounding resistor. The grounding device is low in loss, and meanwhile, improvements are performed on the traditional technological base of the grounding device, so that the required development is low in difficulty and is reliable, simple and convenient. The grounding device has the advantages that the occupied area is small, the manufacturing cost is low, and the operational stability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flexible DC power transmission (VSC-HVDC) field, be specifically related to a kind of earthing device and method for designing thereof of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system.
Background technology
The flexibility that Technology of HVDC based Voltage Source Converter is controlled because of its power delivery is widely used in various fields.Technology of HVDC based Voltage Source Converter based on modularization multi-level converter is a kind of novel Technology of HVDC based Voltage Source Converter, also more and more receives publicity, and in the relevant application of flexible direct current, has broad application prospects.
Flexible DC power transmission system based on modularization multi-level converter is owing to having adopted modular multilevel technology, and converter valve outlet AC system harmonic components is very little, thus at converter valve AC without alternating current filter is installed.Large, the corresponding control system complexity of control submodule quantity that this system is required.Flexible direct current system stable operation performance depends on the design of control system and protection system, the setting of protection scheme to a great extent; wherein; the design of control system is carried out under as reference voltage as precondition take zero potential; therefore, the accuracy of reference potential has a strong impact on the aspect such as reliability, sensitivity, controllability, fail safe of control system.Flexible DC power transmission system earth device is the unique effective means that solves the required zero potential reference voltage of control system, and the extensive use that realizes this technology has important practical meaning in engineering, solves its difficult problem running into also extremely urgent in application process.
Complex structure due to flexible direct current converter valve, although the upper and lower bridge arm of three-phase converter valve is symmetrical structure, but because the parameter of each switching device exists inconsistency, the fragile switching device IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor adopting of modular multilevel system, insulated type bipolar transistor) and all the direct-to-ground capacitance such as equipment such as pressure exist abnormal, practical application is complicated, even if the parameter of converter valve upper and lower bridge arm possesses good symmetry, the reference zero potential of flexible direct current protection system also can not be taken from by device stray capacitance determines over the ground " earth potential ".Therefore,, for realizing the required zero reference voltage of control system, must design the earthing device that is suitable for flexible DC power transmission system.
In conventional (current source commutation) DC transmission system, according to the difference of its topological structure, can be divided into monopolar DC system and bipolar DC system.For usining the earth or the seawater monopolar DC system as return circuit, two ends current conversion station all adopts the mode of ground connection; For also adopted the mode of single station ground connection as one pole two wire system of return circuit with wire.In bipolar DC system, because of the difference of the mode of connection, current conversion station has adopted the structure of single station or two stations ground connection.In conventional DC transmission system, adopt single station or the directly grounded mode in two station; And flexible DC power transmission system based on modular multilevel often adopts bipolar DC system, and current conversion station does not adopt the mode of ground connection yet.Therefore, the inapplicable flexible DC power transmission system based on modular multilevel of the earthing mode of conventional DC transmission system.
In switching mode flexible DC power transmission system, because converter output level number is low, converter valve AC voltage harmonic content is high, for eliminating low-order harmonic composition, conventionally at converter valve AC, alternating current filter is installed; For converter valve DC side, large electric capacity direct ground connection being used for of its DC side provides DC side clamp.But for controllable voltage source type flexible DC power transmission system, owing to adopting modular multilevel technology, converter output level number is many, and the harmonic components of valve top-cross streaming system is low, without alternating current filter is installed; The large electric capacity that adopts modular multilevel technology the required support voltage of two level to be used is all assigned in submodule, therefore, the scheme of the required earthing device of flexible DC power transmission system based on modular multilevel technology can not be with reference to the corresponded manner of the flexible DC power transmission system of two level.
The existing earthing mode of controllable voltage source type flexible DC power transmission system has in DC side to be installed large resistance and between tietransformer and converter valve, adopts two kinds of large reactance groundeds.In DC side, large resistance being installed can align cathode voltage and all press, but this class mode exists loss power large and be the shortcomings such as continuous power, cause the problems such as the heat radiation of the large resistance of DC side ground connection and operational reliability, the latter needs the novel reactor of independent design, and development difficulty is larger.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of earthing device and method for designing thereof of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system, it is low that earthing device produces loss, improves on earthing device conventional art basis simultaneously, the development difficulty needing is little, reliably easy.It is little that this earthing device has occupation of land, and cost is low, operation stability advantages of higher.
The object of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
A kind of earthing device of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system, its improvements are, described earthing device is arranged on the AC of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission, and (AC is high-voltage system, as 320kV AC system), for modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system alternating current-direct current component operating mode, for meeting the both positive and negative polarity of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system DC side, all press or provide zero-sequence current path, described earthing device comprises interconnective grounding transformer and grounding resistor; Described grounding transformer adopts Z-type transformer or star-triangular form transformer.
Wherein, in modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission high-pressure system, described earthing device is arranged between converter valve and tietransformer; In modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission low-pressure system (as 35kV AC system), described earthing device and tietransformer are used in combination, be that (the DYN mode of connection is the tietransformer employing DYN mode of connection: D sign high-pressure side winding is delta connection, Y sign low-pressure side winding is star-connection, the neutral-point solid ground of N sign star winding), tietransformer valve side neutral point serial connection grounding resistor forms DC transmission system earth point.
Wherein, described uniform voltage function comprises steady-state pressure and starts all pressures.
Wherein, when grounding transformer adopts Z-type transformer, grounding resistor is directly connected with Z-type transformer neutral point; When grounding transformer adopts star-triangular form transformer, grounding resistor is connected with the neutral point of Star Type Transformer.
Wherein, described grounding resistor is neutral point grounding resistor; The maximum unbalance voltage that the resistance of described grounding resistor is not less than DC side and grounding transformer start current ratio corresponding when saturated.
The present invention is based on the method for designing of the earthing device of a kind of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system that another object provides, its improvements are, described method comprises the steps:
A, determine grounding transformer excitation reactance parameter;
B, determine the parameter of grounding resistor.
Wherein, in described steps A, allow the rated exciting current I of the every phase of described earthing device
0, definite principle of grounding transformer excitation reactance parameter L meets following formula:
ω
sL≥U
N/I
0 ①；
In formula: ω
sfor first-harmonic angular frequency; U
nfor AC rated line voltage.
Wherein, in described step B, grounding resistor R meets following formula:
R＞ΔU
dc/I
dcmax ②；
In formula: Δ U
dcmaximum unbalance voltage for DC side; I
dcmaxby avoiding saturated the permission of grounding transformer by the maximum of direct current.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention reaches is:
1, at valve side AC, earthing device is installed, has been realized all pressures of DC side both positive and negative polarity voltage, reduced to install in DC side the energy loss of grading resistor;
While 2, normally moving, the earth resistance loss of this device is low, without specific (special) requirements such as heat radiations;
3,, by ac and dc circuit protection equipment is arranged in earthing device, the single-phase earthing to AC, fault detect and the protection action of direct current monopolar grounding fault can have been realized.
4, when alternating current-direct current side system normally moves, earthing device has following features:
(1) running wastage is low;
(2), when direct current system is normally moved, according to the symmetry of converter valve, the DC voltage component on grounding resistor is zero.
(3) when AC system is normally moved, grounding transformer shows large reactance to three-phase forward-order current, and the reactive power that earthed voltage device consumes is minimum, reduces system power dissipation, improves running efficiency of system; And now, the voltage on grounding resistor is almost nil, the long-time running parameter request of grounding resistor is low.
5,, when DC side both positive and negative polarity occurs that asymmetrical voltage appears in offset voltage or AC system, this earthing device has good uniform voltage function or zero-sequence current path is provided, as:
(1), when unbalance voltage appears in direct current system both positive and negative polarity, converter valve is passed to grounding resistor by this unbalance voltage.Grounding resistor, for unbalance voltage provides path, therefore can effectively provide stable state direct voltage clamping action.Because the unbalance voltage duration of DC side is shorter, therefore, to the heat radiation of grounding resistor without specific (special) requirements.
(2) when AC generation single phase ground fault, there is zero sequence voltage component in the AC system of asymmetric operation, and earthed voltage device is little to the impedance of zero-sequence current, and therefore, earthing device, for zero-sequence current provides path, reduces system failure overvoltage.
6, earthing device meets following uniform voltage function:
(1) steady-state pressure: when DC side occurs after unbalance voltage, earthing device can provide rapidly the balance channel of unbalance voltage, forms feedback mechanism, thereby unbalance voltage is eliminated, and guarantees that system voltage does not produce unsteady and drift.
(2) start all and press: when current conversion station locking starts, the DC terminal of converter valve exists the deviation of voltage, and after release, current conversion station enters steady operation fast, the unbalance voltage of earthing device energy Fast-Balance converter valve both positive and negative polarity.
7, the grounding transformer design that this invention adopts is compared with the design of conventional grounding transformer, is characterized in: because line voltage grade is high, high to voltage, insulating requirements; Because grounding transformer neutral point has adopted large grounding through resistance, during AC system generation single phase ground fault, the electric current of the Transformer Winding of flowing through is little, and therefore, the satisfied magnet excitation current requirements of grounding transformer that this patent adopts is low; During due to DC side monopolar grounding fault, because magnetic potential equal and opposite in direction, the opposite direction of the direct current that two windings on same core limb are flowed through, only produce leakage flux, so, grounding transformer allows the DC bias current that flows through larger, and grounding transformer is not prone to magnetic saturation phenomenon.Therefore, it is little that this earthing device has occupation of land, and cost is low, operation stability advantages of higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the earthing device rough schematic view of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is Z-type transformer provided by the invention and earth resistance schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is star-triangular form transformer provided by the invention and earth resistance schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The earthing device of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system provided by the invention as shown in Figure 1, earthing device is arranged on the AC of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission, for meeting the both positive and negative polarity of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system DC side, all press or provide zero-sequence current path, earthing device comprises interconnective grounding transformer and grounding resistor; Grounding transformer adopts Z-type grounding transformer or star-triangular form grounding transformer.
With reference to zero potential, be one of key factor affecting flexible DC power transmission system control performance, the present invention designs the earthing device that is applicable to flexible DC power transmission system ac and dc current and deposits.For flexible DC power transmission system AC system, be high-pressure system (as 320kV AC system), earthing device adopts the scheme of grounding transformer and grounding resistor combination, is arranged between converter valve and tietransformer; For flexible DC power transmission system AC system, be low-pressure system (as 35kV AC system), earthing device and tietransformer are used in combination, tietransformer adopts the DYN mode of connection, and valve side transformer neutral point adopts grounding resistor ground connection construction system earth point.Concrete:
This earthing device has different significantly from the operating mode of grounding transformer in power distribution network: the grounding transformer in power distribution network only exists alternating current.Feature for flexible DC power transmission system AC system: when AC is low-voltage, the tietransformer valve side of Y/ Δ connection type can adopt the Y mode of connection conventionally, now can utilize tietransformer valve side neutral point serial connection grounding resistor to realize flexible DC power transmission system earth; When AC is high voltage, high-voltage transmission network requires the tietransformer net side of Y/ Δ connection type to adopt the Y mode of connection, valve side to adopt the Δ mode of connection, and the earthing device that the grounding transformer that the present invention proposes and grounding resistor form can meet the requirement of high pressure flexible direct current transmission system.
The transformer of earthing device can be both Z-type (Zigzag) transformer (as shown in Figure 2), also can adopt star-triangular form transformer (as shown in Figure 3) during low pressure.The operation logic of two schemes is substantially similar: the three-phase current for the normal operation of valve top-cross streaming system shows high impedance, and now, the electric current of the grounding transformer winding of flowing through is only very little exciting current, and grounding resistor two ends are no-voltage almost.When there is zero-sequence current in valve top-cross streaming system, winding of Z-type transformer and secondary winding equal turn numbers, zero-sequence current opposite direction, therefore, Z-type transformer only shows leakage reactance to zero-sequence current; In star-triangular form transformer, triangular form transformer forms for zero-sequence current short circuit, and star-triangular form transformer also only shows leakage reactance to zero-sequence current.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for designing of earthing device, comprises flat following step:
Determining of step 1, excitation reactance parameter: the rated exciting current I that allows the every phase of earthing device
0, grounding transformer excitation reactance parameter L determines that principle is:
ω
sL≥U
N/I
0 ①；
Wherein, ω
sfor first-harmonic angular frequency; U
nfor AC network rated line voltage.
Determining of step 2, neutral resistance parameter: for avoiding the saturated of grounding transformer, earth resistance R meets
R＞ΔU
dc/I
dcmax ②；
Wherein, Δ U
dcmaximum unbalance voltage for DC side; I
dcmaxfor the saturated maximum direct current passed through of allowing of avoiding grounding transformer.
A kind of earthing device being comprised of grounding transformer and resistor provided by the invention, can effectively provide system earth point, strangulation system current potential, thus the unbalance voltage of DC side both positive and negative polarity is all pressed and provided path for zero-sequence current.This grounding scheme can not only be the reference voltage of the required zero potential of the whole control system of converter valve, can also provide zero-sequence current protection for the AC system of converter valve.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not depart from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the earthing device of a modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system, it is characterized in that, described earthing device is arranged on the AC of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission, for modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system alternating current-direct current component operating mode, for meeting the both positive and negative polarity of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system DC side, all press or provide zero-sequence current path, described earthing device comprises interconnective grounding transformer and grounding resistor; Described grounding transformer adopts Z-type transformer or star-triangular form transformer;
In modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission high-pressure system, described earthing device is arranged between converter valve and tietransformer, and wherein, tietransformer net side adopts the Y mode of connection, valve side to adopt the Δ mode of connection; In modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission low-pressure system, described earthing device and tietransformer are used in combination, and tietransformer adopts the DYN mode of connection, and tietransformer valve side neutral point serial connection grounding resistor forms DC transmission system earth point;
Described uniform voltage function comprises steady-state pressure and starts all presses;
When grounding transformer adopts Z-type transformer, grounding resistor is directly connected with Z-type transformer neutral point; When grounding transformer adopts star-triangular form transformer, grounding resistor is connected with the neutral point of Star Type Transformer;
Described grounding resistor is neutral point grounding resistor; The maximum unbalance voltage that the resistance of described grounding resistor is not less than DC side and grounding transformer start current ratio corresponding when saturated.
2. a method for designing for the earthing device of modular multilevel flexible DC power transmission system, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
A, determine grounding transformer excitation reactance parameter;
B, determine the parameter of grounding resistor;
In described steps A, allow the rated exciting current I of the every phase of described earthing device
0, definite principle of grounding transformer excitation reactance parameter L meets following formula:
ω
sL≥U
N/I
0 ①；
In formula: ω
sfor first-harmonic angular frequency; U
nfor AC rated line voltage;
In described step B, grounding resistor R meets following formula:
R＞ΔU
dc/I
dcmax ②；
In formula: Δ U
dcmaximum unbalance voltage for DC side; I
dcmaxby avoiding saturated the permission of grounding transformer by the maximum of direct current.
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| US9520801B1 (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2016-12-13 | General Electric Company | Method and system for a gas tube switch-based voltage source high voltage direct current transmission system |
| US9748857B2 (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2017-08-29 | General Electric Company | Method and system for a gas tube-based current source high voltage direct current transmission system |
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Address after: 102209 Beijing City, Changping District science and Technology Park in the future smart grid research institute hospital Co-patentee after: CHINA-EPRI ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: GLOBAL ENERGY INTERCONNECTION Research Institute Co-patentee after: STATE GRID SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER Co. Co-patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Address before: 102211 Beijing city Changping District Xiaotangshan town big East Village Road No. 270 (future technology city) Co-patentee before: CHINA-EPRI ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: STATE GRID SMART GRID Research Institute Co-patentee before: SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER Co. Co-patentee before: State Grid Corporation of China |
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Effective date of registration: 20170601 Address after: 102209 Beijing City, Changping District science and Technology Park in the future smart grid research institute hospital Co-patentee after: STATE GRID SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER Co. Patentee after: GLOBAL ENERGY INTERCONNECTION Research Institute Co-patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Address before: 102209 Beijing City, Changping District science and Technology Park in the future smart grid research institute hospital Co-patentee before: CHINA-EPRI ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: GLOBAL ENERGY INTERCONNECTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co-patentee before: STATE GRID SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER Co. Co-patentee before: State Grid Corporation of China |