CN103050162B - A kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance - Google Patents
A kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance, the present invention relates to compound substance.The present invention will solve existingly to be applied to the technical matters of the space radiation protective materials in spacecraft for the protection effect difference of neutron irradiation.Material from polyethylene resin, nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride, coupling agent and absolute ethyl alcohol are made; Method: one, take; Two, mixed liquor is prepared; Three, the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of obtained modification; Four, obtained nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance.Nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance that the present invention obtains, thermal stability is good, excellent to the shield structure ability of neutron.Nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by the present invention is for spacecraft radiation protection field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to compound substance.
Background technology
The develop rapidly of spationautics, requires that Space Vehicle System can stand the various radiation environments in space, therefore, the research of space radiation protective materials is had to the meaning become more and more important.Traditional radiation protection material is based on aluminium, and because aluminium can produce secondary neutron after proton or heavy ion irradiation, biological data research shows, the appearance of neutron greatly endangers the health of cosmonaut, even causes cancer.Research shows, owing to containing a small amount of neutron in material (material that hydrogen content the is high) unit volume of low atomic number, after irradiation, produce less secondary neutron, therefore, the material that hydrogen content is high has best Radioprotective Effect.
Containing carbon atom, two hydrogen atoms in polyethylene molecule, levels of hydrogen is high, has higher radiation protection efficiency.Therefore, have broad application prospects in spacecraft radiation protection.But in space environment, when tygon is used as radiation protection material, thermal stability is poor, strongly limit tygon as radiation protection material in spaceborne application.
In the research of this area, denomination of invention is " a kind of boron nitride-tygon space radiation protection compound substance and preparation method thereof ", and application number is the compound substance that patent discloses a kind of protective zone radiation of 201210379636.2; Denomination of invention is " radiation can detect and protective article ", application number be 200580047071.6 patent discloses a kind of composition and the method that form radiopaque polymer product; But still there is the technical matters of the protection effect difference for neutron irradiation in the space radiation protective materials be applied at present in spacecraft.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve existingly to be applied to the technical matters of the space radiation protective materials in spacecraft for the protection effect difference of neutron irradiation, and provides a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance.
A kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance is made by the absolute ethyl alcohol of mass fraction by the polyvinyl resin of 30 parts ~ 90 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 5 parts ~ 50 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 1 part ~ 10 parts, the coupling agent of 1 part ~ 15 parts and 2 parts ~ 280 parts; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is one or more mixing in Low Density Polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight; Coupling agent is one or more mixing in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, metal composite coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent and boric acid ester coupler; Nm-class boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.2nm ~ 10nm, and area is 1 μm
2~ 20 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 1nm ~ 1000nm.
Wherein, when polyvinyl resin is several mixing in Low Density Polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight, mix with arbitrary proportion; When coupling agent is several mixing in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, metal composite coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent and boric acid ester coupler, mix with arbitrary proportion.
A preparation method for nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance, specifically prepares according to following steps:
One, the absolute ethyl alcohol of the polyvinyl resin of 30 parts ~ 90 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 5 parts ~ 50 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 1 part ~ 10 parts, the coupling agent of 1 part ~ 15 parts and 2 parts ~ 280 parts is taken by mass fraction; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is one or more mixing in Low Density Polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight; Coupling agent is one or more mixing in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, metal composite coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent and boric acid ester coupler; Nm-class boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.2nm ~ 10nm, and area is 1 μm
2~ 20 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 1nm ~ 1000nm;
Two, the nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride and the absolute ethyl alcohol that step one are taken mix, and put into decollator, and controlling rotating speed is 80r/min ~ 120r/min, keep 1h ~ 12h, obtain mixed liquor A;
Three, the coupling agent that step one takes is added in the mixed liquor A obtained to step 2, mix, obtain mixed liquid B, by mixed liquid B under temperature is 50 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C conditions, control stirring rate is 80r/min ~ 120r/min, keep 1h ~ 15h, then suction filtration is dried, and obtains the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of modification;
The polyvinyl resin that the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of the modification four, step 3 obtained and step one take adds in high mixer, control rotating speed is 80r/min ~ 120r/min, keep 5min ~ 60min, obtain potpourri, add in mould by potpourri again, be 175 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C in the temperature of pressing machine, pressure is under 5MPa ~ 45MPa condition, compacting 1min ~ 40min, obtains nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance.
Wherein, when polyvinyl resin is several mixing in Low Density Polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight, mix with arbitrary proportion; When coupling agent is several mixing in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, metal composite coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent and boric acid ester coupler, mix with arbitrary proportion.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is using polyvinyl resin as vector resin, and add conventional functional aid and nanometer tantalum and nm-class boron nitride, a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance obtained, thermal stability index is greatly improved, the temperature of initial decomposition of common polythene is generally 310 DEG C ~ 390 DEG C, and the temperature of initial decomposition of a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by the present invention is 400 DEG C ~ 520 DEG C, its thermal stability is good, in addition traditional radiation protection material fine aluminium, meet the requirement of spacecraft to material thermal stability, but the efficiency of fine aluminium filtration neutron is low under equal in quality thickness, in order to reach radiation-proof effect, the thickness of aluminium protective layer must be increased, thus the weight of spacecraft is increased, a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by the present invention, not only there is good thermal stability, and under equal in quality thickness, compared with fine aluminium, neutron absorbed dose after nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of identical energy reduces 0.1 ~ 0.7 times, excellent combination property, and there is light weight, good dispersion, fluidity of molten is good, excellent and the normal temperature of processing characteristics and the excellent feature of low-temperature impact resistance, spacecraft radiation protection has wide practical use.
Nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by the present invention is for spacecraft radiation protection field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of embodiment one preparation and poly thermal stability curve map, wherein, "---" represents the thermal stability curve of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment one, and "---" represents poly thermal stability curve;
Fig. 2 is the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of embodiment two preparation and poly thermal stability curve map, wherein, "---" represents the thermal stability curve of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment two, and "---" represents poly thermal stability curve;
Fig. 3 is the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of embodiment three preparation and poly thermal stability curve map, wherein, "---" represents the thermal stability curve of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment three, and "---" represents poly thermal stability curve;
Fig. 4 is the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of embodiment four preparation and poly thermal stability curve map, wherein, "---" represents the thermal stability curve of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment four, and "---" represents poly thermal stability curve;
Fig. 5 be embodiment one prepare nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and fine aluminium neutron irradiation after absorbed dose test curve figure, wherein, "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance neutron irradiation prepared by embodiment one, and "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after fine aluminium neutron irradiation;
Fig. 6 be embodiment two prepare nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and fine aluminium neutron irradiation after absorbed dose test curve figure, wherein, "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance neutron irradiation prepared by embodiment two, and "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after fine aluminium neutron irradiation;
Fig. 7 be embodiment three prepare nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and fine aluminium neutron irradiation after absorbed dose test curve figure, wherein, "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance neutron irradiation prepared by embodiment three, and "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after fine aluminium neutron irradiation;
Fig. 8 be embodiment four prepare nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and fine aluminium neutron irradiation after absorbed dose test curve illustrate, wherein, "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance neutron irradiation prepared by embodiment four, and "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after fine aluminium neutron irradiation.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the combination in any between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of present embodiment is made by the absolute ethyl alcohol of mass fraction by the polyvinyl resin of 30 parts ~ 90 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 5 parts ~ 50 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 1 part ~ 10 parts, the coupling agent of 1 part ~ 15 parts and 2 parts ~ 280 parts; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is one or more mixing in Low Density Polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight; Coupling agent is one or more mixing in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, metal composite coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent and boric acid ester coupler; Nm-class boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.2nm ~ 10nm, and area is 1 μm
2~ 20 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 1nm ~ 1000nm.
Wherein, when polyvinyl resin is several mixing in Low Density Polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight, mix with arbitrary proportion; When coupling agent is several mixing in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, metal composite coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent and boric acid ester coupler, mix with arbitrary proportion.
Present embodiment is using polyvinyl resin as vector resin, and add conventional functional aid and nanometer tantalum and nm-class boron nitride, a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance obtained, thermal stability index is greatly improved, the temperature of initial decomposition of common polythene is generally 310 DEG C ~ 390 DEG C, and the temperature of initial decomposition of a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by present embodiment is 400 DEG C ~ 520 DEG C, its thermal stability is good, in addition traditional radiation protection material fine aluminium, meet the requirement of spacecraft to material thermal stability, but the efficiency of fine aluminium filtration neutron is low under equal in quality thickness, in order to reach radiation-proof effect, the thickness of aluminium protective layer must be increased, thus the weight of spacecraft is increased, a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by present embodiment, not only there is good thermal stability, and under equal in quality thickness, compared with fine aluminium, neutron absorbed dose after nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of identical energy reduces 0.1 ~ 0.7 times, excellent combination property, and there is light weight, good dispersion, fluidity of molten is good, excellent and the normal temperature of processing characteristics and the excellent feature of low-temperature impact resistance, spacecraft radiation protection has wide practical use.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one, unlike a kind of preparation method of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance, are specifically prepared according to following steps:
One, the absolute ethyl alcohol of the polyvinyl resin of 30 parts ~ 90 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 5 parts ~ 50 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 1 part ~ 10 parts, the coupling agent of 1 part ~ 15 parts and 2 parts ~ 280 parts is taken by mass fraction; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is one or more mixing in Low Density Polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight; Coupling agent is one or more mixing in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, metal composite coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent and boric acid ester coupler; Nm-class boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.2nm ~ 10nm, and area is 1 μm
2~ 20 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 1nm ~ 1000nm;
Two, the nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride and the absolute ethyl alcohol that step one are taken mix, and put into decollator, and controlling rotating speed is 80r/min ~ 120r/min, keep 1h ~ 12h, obtain mixed liquor A;
Three, the coupling agent that step one takes is added in the mixed liquor A obtained to step 2, mix, obtain mixed liquid B, by mixed liquid B under temperature is 50 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C conditions, control stirring rate is 80r/min ~ 120r/min, keep 1h ~ 15h, then suction filtration is dried, and obtains the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of modification;
The polyvinyl resin that the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of the modification four, step 3 obtained and step one take adds in high mixer, control rotating speed is 80r/min ~ 120r/min, keep 5min ~ 60min, obtain potpourri, add in mould by potpourri again, be 175 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C in the temperature of pressing machine, pressure is under 5MPa ~ 45MPa condition, compacting 1min ~ 40min, obtains nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one or two unlike: in step one, absolute ethyl alcohol quality and nanometer tantalum and nm-class boron nitride total mass ratio are 2 ~ 4:1.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three unlike: in step one, absolute ethyl alcohol quality and nanometer tantalum and nm-class boron nitride total mass ratio are 3:1.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four unlike: in step 3, mixed liquid B stirs under temperature is 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C conditions.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five unlike: in step 3, mixed liquid B stirs under temperature is 85 DEG C of conditions.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to six unlike: in high mixer, keep 15min ~ 30min in step 4.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to seven unlike: in high mixer, keep 25min in step 4.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to seven.
Embodiment nine: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to eight unlike: in step 4 in a press, temperature is 180 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C, and pressure is 15MPa ~ 25MPa.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to nine unlike: a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance as the application of protection nuclear material in spacecraft radiation proof.
Following examples are adopted to verify beneficial effect of the present invention:
Embodiment one:
The preparation method of a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of the present embodiment, specifically prepares according to following steps:
One, the absolute ethyl alcohol of the polyvinyl resin of 84 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 10 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 5 parts, the coupling agent of 1 part and 45 parts is taken by mass fraction; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is Low Density Polyethylene; Coupling agent is titanate coupling agent; Nm-class boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.5nm, and area is 4 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 50nm;
Two, the nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride and the absolute ethyl alcohol that step one are taken mix, and put into decollator, and controlling rotating speed is 120r/min, keep 10h, obtain mixed liquor A;
Three, add the coupling agent that step one takes in the mixed liquor A obtained to step 2, mix, obtain mixed liquid B, by mixed liquid B under temperature is 90 DEG C of conditions, control stirring rate is 120r/min, keeps 10h, suction filtration is dried again, obtains the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of modification;
The polyvinyl resin that the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of the modification four, step 3 obtained and step one take adds in high mixer, control rotating speed is 120r/min, keep 20min, obtain potpourri, adding in mould by potpourri again, is 180 DEG C in the temperature of pressing machine, and pressure is under 20MPa condition, compacting 30min, obtains nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance.
Wherein, Low Density Polyethylene density is 0.92g/cm
2, melting index is 2g/10min.
The present embodiment is using ldpe resin as vector resin, and add titanate coupling agent, nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride, nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding the compound substance obtained, thermal stability is good, excellent to the shield structure ability of neutron, and there is light weight, good dispersion, fluidity of molten is good, processing characteristics is excellent and normal temperature and the excellent feature of low-temperature impact resistance, spacecraft radiation protection is widely used.
Embodiment two:
The preparation method of a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of the present embodiment, specifically prepares according to following steps:
One, the absolute ethyl alcohol of the polyvinyl resin of 73 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 20 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 5 parts, the coupling agent of 2 parts and 75 parts is taken by mass fraction; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is Low Density Polyethylene; Coupling agent is titanate coupling agent; Boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.5nm, and area is 3 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 50nm;
Two, the nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride and the absolute ethyl alcohol that step one are taken mix, and put into decollator, and controlling rotating speed is 120r/min, keep 10h, obtain mixed liquor A;
Three, add the coupling agent that step one takes in the mixed liquor A obtained to step 2, mix, obtain mixed liquid B, by mixed liquid B under temperature is 80 DEG C of conditions, control stirring rate is 120r/min, keeps 10h, suction filtration is dried again, obtains the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of modification;
The polyvinyl resin that the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of the modification four, step 3 obtained and step one take adds in high mixer, control rotating speed is 120r/min, keep 25min, obtain potpourri, adding in mould by potpourri again, is 185 DEG C in the temperature of pressing machine, and pressure is under 20MPa condition, compacting 30min, obtains nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance.
Wherein, Low Density Polyethylene density is 0.92g/cm
2, melting index is 2g/10min.
The present embodiment is using ldpe resin as vector resin, and add titanate coupling agent, nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride, nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding the compound substance obtained, thermal stability is good, excellent to the shield structure ability of neutron, and there is light weight, good dispersion, fluidity of molten is good, processing characteristics is excellent and normal temperature and the excellent feature of low-temperature impact resistance, spacecraft radiation protection is widely used.
Embodiment three:
The preparation method of a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of the present embodiment, specifically prepares according to following steps:
One, the absolute ethyl alcohol of the polyvinyl resin of 63 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 30 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 5 parts, the coupling agent of 2 parts and 105 parts is taken by mass fraction; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is Low Density Polyethylene; Coupling agent is titanate coupling agent; Nm-class boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.5nm, and area is 3 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 50nm;
Two, the nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride and the absolute ethyl alcohol that step one are taken mix, and put into decollator, and controlling rotating speed is 120r/min, keep 8h, obtain mixed liquor A;
Three, add the coupling agent that step one takes in the mixed liquor A obtained to step 2, mix, obtain mixed liquid B, by mixed liquid B under temperature is 85 DEG C of conditions, control stirring rate is 120r/min, keeps 8h, suction filtration is dried again, obtains the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of modification;
The polyvinyl resin that the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of the modification four, step 3 obtained and step one take adds in high mixer, control rotating speed is 120r/min, keep 30min, obtain potpourri, adding in mould by potpourri again, is 190 DEG C in the temperature of pressing machine, and pressure is under 25MPa condition, compacting 30min, obtains nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance.
Wherein, Low Density Polyethylene density is 0.92g/cm
2, melting index is 2g/10min.
The present embodiment is using ldpe resin as vector resin, and add titanate coupling agent, nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride, nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding the compound substance obtained, thermal stability is good, excellent to the shield structure ability of neutron, and there is light weight, good dispersion, fluidity of molten is good, processing characteristics is excellent and normal temperature and the excellent feature of low-temperature impact resistance, spacecraft radiation protection is widely used.
Embodiment four:
The preparation method of a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of the present embodiment, specifically prepares according to following steps:
One, the absolute ethyl alcohol of the polyvinyl resin of 50 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 40 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 8 parts, the coupling agent of 3 parts and 144 parts is taken by mass fraction; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is high density polyethylene; Coupling agent is titanate coupling agent; Nm-class boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.5nm, and area is 3 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 50nm;
Two, the nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride and the absolute ethyl alcohol that step one are taken mix, and put into decollator, and controlling rotating speed is 120r/min, keep 12h, obtain mixed liquor A;
Three, add the coupling agent that step one takes in the mixed liquor A obtained to step 2, mix, obtain mixed liquid B, by mixed liquid B under temperature is 90 DEG C of conditions, control stirring rate is 120r/min, keeps 12h, suction filtration is dried again, obtains the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of modification;
The polyvinyl resin that the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of the modification four, step 3 obtained and step one take adds in high mixer, control rotating speed is 120r/min, keep 20min, obtain potpourri, adding in mould by potpourri again, is 180 DEG C in the temperature of pressing machine, and pressure is under 20MPa condition, compacting 30min, 1 obtains nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance.
Wherein, high density polyethylene density is 0.96g/cm
2, melting index is 5g/10min.
The present embodiment is using high-density polyethylene resin as vector resin, and add titanate coupling agent, nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride, nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding the compound substance obtained, thermal stability is good, excellent to the shield structure ability of neutron, and there is light weight, good dispersion, fluidity of molten is good, processing characteristics is excellent and normal temperature and the excellent feature of low-temperature impact resistance, spacecraft radiation protection is widely used.
Nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by above-described embodiment 1 ~ 4 and tygon carry out thermal stability contrast test, and test process carries out according to the following steps:
Nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by the embodiment 1 ~ 4 respectively quality being 10mg and quality are 10mg tygon, be placed in thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyzer, in a nitrogen atmosphere, with the speed that heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, being warming up to temperature is 800 DEG C, carry out the test of thermal stability, gather the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance of embodiment 1 ~ 4 preparation and poly real-time quality, draw real-time quality and initial mass than variation with temperature curve, nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment one and poly thermal stability curve map are as shown in Figure 1, wherein, "---" represents the thermal stability curve of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment one, "---" represents poly thermal stability curve, nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment two and poly thermal stability curve map are as shown in Figure 2, wherein, "---" represents the thermal stability curve of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment two, and "---" represents poly thermal stability curve, nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment three and poly thermal stability curve map are as shown in Figure 3, wherein, "---" represents the thermal stability curve of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment three, and "---" represents poly thermal stability curve, nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment four and poly thermal stability curve map are as shown in Figure 4, wherein, "---" represents the thermal stability curve of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment four, and "---" represents poly thermal stability curve, wherein thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyzer is the Diamond TG/DTA thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyzer of PerkinElmer company of the U.S..
As can be seen from Fig. 1 ~ 4, poly temperature of initial decomposition is 365 DEG C, and the temperature of initial decomposition of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment 1 ~ 4 is followed successively by 407 DEG C, 417 DEG C, 432 DEG C and 443 DEG C, thermal stability index is greatly improved, and there is light weight, good dispersion, fluidity of molten is good, processing characteristics is excellent and normal temperature and the excellent feature of low-temperature impact resistance, spacecraft radiation protection has wide practical use.
Nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by above-described embodiment 1 ~ 4 and fine aluminium carry out the test of NEUTRON PROTECTION efficiency, and test process carries out according to the following steps:
Nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance embodiment 1 ~ 4 prepared respectively and fine aluminium are placed in the neutron source of 4.5MV Unipolar electrostatic accelerator, and (energy is 1MeV, and flux is 1 × 10
9neutron/cm
2s, exposure time is 4000s) and energy-probe between, incident neutron energy immobilizes, the absorbed dose after the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and fine aluminium that 1MeV neutron prepared through embodiment 1 ~ 4 collected by using dosage detector, using 1MeV neutron through nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and the difference of fine aluminium absorbed dose with the ratio of fine aluminium absorbed dose as nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance to neutron radiation protection efficiency, embodiment one prepare nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and fine aluminium neutron irradiation after absorbed dose test curve figure as shown in Figure 5, wherein, "---" represent embodiment one prepare nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance neutron irradiation after absorbed dose test curve, "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after fine aluminium neutron irradiation, embodiment two prepare nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and fine aluminium neutron irradiation after absorbed dose test curve figure as shown in Figure 6, wherein, "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance neutron irradiation prepared by embodiment two, and "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after fine aluminium neutron irradiation, embodiment three prepare nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and fine aluminium neutron irradiation after absorbed dose test curve figure as shown in Figure 7, wherein, "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance neutron irradiation prepared by embodiment three, and "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after fine aluminium neutron irradiation, embodiment four prepare nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance and fine aluminium neutron irradiation after absorbed dose test curve figure as shown in Figure 8, wherein, "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance neutron irradiation prepared by embodiment four, and "---" represents absorbed dose test curve after fine aluminium neutron irradiation.
As can be seen from Fig. 5 ~ 8, compared with fine aluminium, under equal in quality thickness, nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance prepared by embodiment 1 ~ 4, after the neutron irradiation of identical energy, its absorbed dose in turn reduces about 0.10,0.14,0.18 and 0.22 times, NEUTRON PROTECTION excellent performance, and there is light weight, good dispersion, fluidity of molten is good, processing characteristics is excellent and normal temperature and the excellent feature of low-temperature impact resistance, spacecraft radiation protection has wide practical use.
Claims (8)
1. nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance, is characterized in that a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance is made by the absolute ethyl alcohol of mass fraction by the polyvinyl resin of 30 parts ~ 90 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 5 parts ~ 50 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 1 part ~ 10 parts, the coupling agent of 1 part ~ 15 parts and 2 parts ~ 280 parts; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is one or more mixing in Low Density Polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight; Coupling agent is one or more mixing in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, metal composite coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent and boric acid ester coupler; Nm-class boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.2nm ~ 10nm, and area is 1 μm
2~ 20 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 1nm ~ 1000nm;
Specifically prepare according to following steps:
One, the absolute ethyl alcohol of the polyvinyl resin of 30 parts ~ 90 parts, the nanometer tantalum of 5 parts ~ 50 parts, the nm-class boron nitride of 1 part ~ 10 parts, the coupling agent of 1 part ~ 15 parts and 2 parts ~ 280 parts is taken by mass fraction; Wherein, polyvinyl resin is one or more mixing in Low Density Polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight; Coupling agent is one or more mixing in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, metal composite coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent and boric acid ester coupler; Nm-class boron nitride is two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer, and the thickness of two-dimensional nano boron nitride individual layer is 0.2nm ~ 10nm, and area is 1 μm
2~ 20 μm
2; The particle diameter of nanometer tantalum is 1nm ~ 1000nm;
Two, the nanometer tantalum, nm-class boron nitride and the absolute ethyl alcohol that step one are taken mix, and put into decollator, and controlling rotating speed is 80r/min ~ 120r/min, keep 1h ~ 12h, obtain mixed liquor A;
Three, the coupling agent that step one takes is added in the mixed liquor A obtained to step 2, mix, obtain mixed liquid B, by mixed liquid B under temperature is 50 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C conditions, control stirring rate is 80r/min ~ 120r/min, keep 1h ~ 15h, then suction filtration is dried, and obtains the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of modification;
The polyvinyl resin that the nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride of the modification four, step 3 obtained and step one take adds in high mixer, control rotating speed is 80r/min ~ 120r/min, keep 5min ~ 60min, obtain potpourri, add in mould by potpourri again, be 175 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C in the temperature of pressing machine, pressure is under 5MPa ~ 45MPa condition, compacting 1min ~ 40min, obtains nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance;
The application of described a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance is as the application of protection nuclear material in spacecraft radiation proof.
2. a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step one, absolute ethyl alcohol quality and nanometer tantalum and nm-class boron nitride total mass ratio are 2 ~ 4:1.
3. a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance according to claim 2, is characterized in that absolute ethyl alcohol quality and nanometer tantalum and nm-class boron nitride total mass ratio 3:1 in step one.
4. a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance according to claim 3, is characterized in that in step 3, mixed liquid B stirs under temperature is 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C conditions.
5. a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance according to claim 4, is characterized in that in step 3, mixed liquid B stirs under temperature is 85 DEG C of conditions.
6. a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance according to claim 5, is characterized in that in high mixer, keeping 15min ~ 30min in step 4.
7. a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance according to claim 6, is characterized in that in high mixer, keeping 25min in step 4.
8. a kind of nanometer tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-tygon space neutron shielding compound substance according to claim 7, to is characterized in that in step 4 that in a press, temperature is 180 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C, and pressure is 15MPa ~ 25MPa.
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