CN108877976A - A kind of space high energy proton combination radiation safeguard structure suitable for long-term manned task - Google Patents

A kind of space high energy proton combination radiation safeguard structure suitable for long-term manned task Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108877976A
CN108877976A CN201810708522.5A CN201810708522A CN108877976A CN 108877976 A CN108877976 A CN 108877976A CN 201810708522 A CN201810708522 A CN 201810708522A CN 108877976 A CN108877976 A CN 108877976A
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radiation
safeguard structure
combination
water tank
boron
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何承发
郑玉展
李衍存
郝志华
荀明珠
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Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering
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Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering
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Priority to CN201810708522.5A priority Critical patent/CN108877976A/en
Publication of CN108877976A publication Critical patent/CN108877976A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F1/00Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
    • G21F1/02Selection of uniform shielding materials
    • G21F1/08Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F1/00Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
    • G21F1/02Selection of uniform shielding materials
    • G21F1/10Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F3/00Shielding characterised by its physical form, e.g. granules, or shape of the material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of space high energy proton combination radiation safeguard structures suitable for long-term manned task, related structure is lead-covering, water tank, water, Boron-containing-PE structural slab, high density polyethylene (HDPE), GD414 glue composition, first layer uses manned spacecraft lead-covering structure, the second layer is water tank, third layer is to absorb the first two layers Boron-containing-PE structural slab for generating secondary neutron and proton, and the last layer is the polythene material for further decreasing secondary and generating energy deposition in human body;Based on quality mask surface density, the analysis model of combination safeguard structure is constructed, according to Monte Carlo to the sampling analysis method of solar proton event power spectrum, analysis obtains the tissue dose of radiation after combination radiation safeguard structure.Combination radiation safeguard structure designed by the invention, under identical quality mask surface density, compared to single aluminium safeguard structure, the dose of radiation that solar proton event is deposited in tissue reduces by 39% or so.

Description

A kind of space high energy proton combination radiation safeguard structure suitable for long-term manned task
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combination radiation safeguard structures of the space solar proton event of long-term man space task, especially Its radiation protection for being related to space high energy proton and shielding belong to the radiation protection field of manned spacecraft.
Background technique
Spacecraft runs on cosmic space, will inevitably be influenced by the radiation of space high energy charged particles.These Mainly there are radiation zone trapped particle, solar cosmic ray and galactic comic ray etc. in high energy charged particles source, with long-term manned boat Astronaut in its task interacts, and dose of radiation is caused to deposit, when astronaut absorbs dose of radiation more than its tolerance Dose limit, it will cause human organ to damage, threaten the life security for executing space tasks astronaut.In particular, working as the sun When there is strong outburst activity, the generation of especially big solar proton event will make high energy proton flux high 3 orders of magnitude than usual, Wherein proton flux of the energy greater than 10MeV can exceed that 1010/cm2Magnitude, therefore space solar proton event be threaten carry The important space radiation source of people's space mission.
Moreover, high energy proton and the interaction of manned spacecraft material can also generate a large amount of secondary, these In secondary bombardment to spacefarer's body, dosage deposition can be also generated.High energy proton and spacecraft typical case's shell aluminum material phase The secondary that interaction generates includes secondary proton, secondary neutron, secondary electron and secondary photon etc..Human body radiation dosage with Emission types, particle energy are related, are indicated with radiation weighting factor.Wherein photon, electronics radiation weighting factor be 1, and matter The radiation weighting factor minimum 5 of son and neutron, reaches as high as 20.Therefore, in the human body radiation protection for carrying out high energy proton, It not only needs to consider the influence of incident primary high energy proton, should also further decrease the ratio of secondary neutron and proton, therefore, The radiation protection of space sun high energy proton is a kind of shielding construction that multilayer material is compound, to reduce people on resultant effect The dose of radiation that body is subject to.
Currently, some radiation-shielding constructions are proposed for the human body radiation protection of space high energy proton both at home and abroad, such as Liquid hydrogen safeguard structure although liquid hydrogen is preferable for the protection effect of high energy proton, and is not likely to produce secondary.But in space flight It is seen in engineering, liquid hydrogen has flammable properties, and it to be not feasible engineering material that there are security risks.In addition, delivered from correlation From the point of view of patent, radiation-shielding construction is related to the more of device radiation injury, such as Patent No. CN201410220512.9 A method of device ionizing radiation-resistant total dose effect is improved, device is improved using a kind of composite material of sandwich structure Anti-radiation dosage capability.Some novel radiation protection materials and preparation method are proposed, space charged particle spoke is such as used for Penetrate the doped carbon nanometer pipe of protection and the composite polyethylene material of nanometer tantalum and its preparation method and application (Patent No. CN201310021277.8), a kind of nanometer of tantalum/nm-class boron nitride-polyethylene space neutron shielding composite material and its system Preparation Method (Patent No. CN201310021276.3) and a kind of boron nitride-polyethylenespace space radiation protection composite material and its system Preparation Method (Patent No. CN201210379636.2) etc., these protective materials are mainly used for spacecraft component and material Radiation protection, but be unable to reach the radiation protection standard of astronaut, human body radiation dose limit will 1Sv (sievert (Sv)) below.
Radiation protection for human body, the domestic radiation protection carried out mainly for ground nuclear power station, radiation source.In such as Sub- radiation protection, mainly using heavy metal non-woven fabrics, containing boron material etc., such as a kind of neutron radiation protective clothing package material and its system Preparation Method (Patent No. CN201510475028.5), a kind of neutron radiation protective clothing (Patent No. CN200620035926.5) Deng.These radiation protection take that the suitable particle energy of material is more single, and energy range is relatively narrow, can not be completely suitable for space high energy The proton of wide power spectrum and secondary radiation protection.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at propose a kind of suitable for manned sky to solve technical problem present in background technique Between task solar proton event combination radiation safeguard structure, structure involved in the safeguard structure be lead-covering, water tank, water, Boron polyethylene structural slab, high density polyethylene (HDPE), GD414 glue composition, from the secondary for reducing primary solar proton event and its generation Particle dose angle reduces what long-term man space task astronaut was subject in such a way that different materials are overlapped combination Dose of radiation.The structure can be used for reducing solar proton event in long-term manned task and endanger the radiation injury of human body, be used for Human body radiation protection under the influence of the high energy proton of space.The combination radiation safeguard structure of the solar proton event utilizes space flight work Material and the water for maintaining astronaut's life in journey etc. carry out radiation protection, while considering the secondary spoke of solar proton event It penetrates, analysis method is sampled solar proton power spectrum using Meng Tekate, is deposited, is built by the track and energy of tracking particle The analysis model of vertical combination radiation safeguard structure, analytical calculation obtain the tissue dose of radiation under radiation-shielding construction.
A kind of space high energy proton combination radiation safeguard structure suitable for long-term manned task of the present invention, it is involved And structure be lead-covering (1), water tank (2), water (3), Boron-containing-PE structural slab (4), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (5), GD414 glue (6) it forms, the upper end of water tank (2) is connect by screw (7) with lead-covering (1), and the lower end of water tank (2) passes through screw (7) and contains Boron polyethylene structural slab (4) connection, is provided with water (3), Boron-containing-PE structural slab (4) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) in water tank (2) (5) it is bonded between using GD414 glue (6), combines four layer materials the combination radiation safeguard structure to form a seamless combination, had Gymnastics follows these steps to carry out:
For the building of four layers of combination radiation safeguard structure of solar proton event:
A, set lead-covering (1) to the cladding material of current spacecraft, lead-covering (1) be by aluminum honeycomb structure, it is equivalent For the quality mask surface density of aluminium, which is arranged to 1g/cm2
B, the second layer of combination radiation safeguard structure uses water tank (2), and water tank (2) shell is made of the aluminium of 0.2cm, water tank (2) be provided with water (3), water (3) with a thickness of 4cm, quality mask surface density is 4g/cm2, water tank (2) shell is equivalent to 0.541g/cm2Aluminum amount shield surface density;
C, the third layer of combination radiation safeguard structure is Boron-containing-PE structural slab (4), secondary neutron, matter to generation Son, electronics etc. are absorbed, and wherein the content of boron is weight 70%, and the content of polyethylene is weight 30%, Boron-containing-PE knot Structure plate (4) with a thickness of 3.5cm, quality mask surface density is 5.71g/cm2
D, the third layer of combination radiation safeguard structure is high density polyethylene (HDPE) (5), absorbs secondary electron, neutron and photon, High density polyethylene (HDPE) (5) with a thickness of 3.4cm, quality mask surface density is 3.29g/cm2
Establish the analysis model of combination radiation safeguard structure:
E, for four layers of radiation-shielding construction of foundation, the analysis model of radiation-shielding construction is established, is built in analysis model During vertical, using the quality mask surface density of radiation protection material, for Boron-containing-PE structural slab (4), according to matter Amount carries out layering and establishes model;
The shield effectiveness analysis of radiation-shielding construction is combined based on Monte Carlo sampling analysis method:
F, it by carrying out Monte Carlo sampling analysis to power spectrum, is incident on combination radiation safeguard structure, obtains being located at group Body-tissue equivalent's dosage after closing radiation-shielding construction, the Monte Carlo analysis tool used is multilayer screen simulation software Multi-layered shielding simulation software, MULASSIS, the software use monte carlo method mould The various parameters of the movement of the quasi- large quantities of incoming particles of tracking, the position of particle, energy loss and secondary are all tracking It stores in the process, finally obtains the desired value and statistic bias of various required physical quantitys.
A kind of space high energy proton combination radiation safeguard structure suitable for long-term manned task of the present invention, the group Close radiation-shielding construction and analysis method:
For the building of four layers of combination radiation safeguard structure of solar proton event:
(1) the lead-covering structure of manned spacecraft:
Current spacecraft can use aluminum honeycomb structure to maintain the stabilization of structure, this layer of structure is directly using working as The cladding material of preceding spacecraft;
(2) cisten mechanism:
The second layer of combination radiation safeguard structure uses water tank, and manned Mars Mission, must in order to maintain the life of astronaut A certain amount of water must be needed to carry, water can also be used as radiation proof material, can further decrease the radiation agent that human body is subject to Amount;
(3) Boron-containing-PE structural slab:
The proton energy range of space solar proton event is up to 10GeV, and variations of flux range is also very big, high energy proton with After first layer lead-covering structure function, a large amount of secondary can be generated, such as secondary proton, secondary neutron, secondary electron and secondary The photon etc. of grade, for human body radiation dosage, secondary neutron and secondary proton since its radiation weighting factor is greater than 5, and The more difficult protection of neutron, so the secondary neutron that third layer structure is generated primarily with respect to primary protons is absorbed, while the knot Structure can also carry out radiation shield to secondary proton, electronics and photon;
(4) the high density polyethylene (HDPE) structure of secondary electron, neutron and photon is absorbed:
In step (1), (2) and (3) structure, although part secondary neutron can be absorbed, still suffer from secondary The generation of son, electronics and photon, it is poly- provided with a kind of light high density in order to achieve the purpose that further to absorb secondary Vinyl material;
The combination installation of (5) four kinds of protective materials
First three material in four kinds of safeguard structures is by arranging that the installation screw of different location is fixed, the poly- second of boracic Alkene structural slab and high density polyethylene (HDPE) are bonded using bonding agent, so that four layers of combination radiation for forming a seamless combination are anti- Protection structure.
Establish the analysis model of combination radiation safeguard structure:
For four layers of radiation-shielding construction of middle foundation, the analysis model of radiation-shielding construction is established, is built in analysis model During vertical, using the mass surface density of radiation protection material, so-called mass surface density refers on material unit area Quality, can generally be obtained with the product of the density of material and thickness, i.e. A=ρ × Η, wherein A be quality mask surface density, Unit is g/cm2;ρ is the density of shielding material, unit g/cm3, H is the thickness of shielding material, unit cm;For boracic Polyethylene structure plate 4 can carry out layering according to quality and establish model;
The shield effectiveness analysis of radiation-shielding construction is combined based on Monte Carlo sampling analysis method:
It is incident on for 1989 especially big solar proton event power spectrum by carrying out Monte Carlo sampling analysis to power spectrum On combination radiation safeguard structure, obtain being located at body-tissue equivalent's dosage after combination radiation safeguard structure.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art:It can be directed to space solar proton event, specifically considered Sun high energy proton power spectrum, and the secondary type generated with material interaction propose a kind of suitable for carrying for a long time The solar proton event combination radiation safeguard structure of people's space tasks, the structure can be by solar proton events in tissue The dose of radiation of generation, compared to aluminium shielding construction, can reduce the dose of radiation of tissue under same surface density.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is combination radiation safeguard structure and analysis method flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the combination radiation safeguard structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is solar proton event power spectrum in 1989.
Fig. 4 is under same surface density, and combination radiation safeguard structure and aluminium protection effect compare.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be described, and following embodiment will be helpful to those skilled in the art Member further understands the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.
Embodiment
A kind of space high energy proton combination radiation safeguard structure suitable for long-term manned task of the present invention, it is involved And structure be lead-covering 1, water tank 2, water 3, Boron-containing-PE structural slab 4, high density polyethylene (HDPE) 5, GD414 glue 6 form, water tank 2 upper end is connect by screw 7 with lead-covering 1, and the lower end of water tank 2 is connect by screw 7 with Boron-containing-PE structural slab 4, Water tank 2 is provided with water 3, Nian Jie using GD414 glue 6 between Boron-containing-PE structural slab 4 and high density polyethylene (HDPE) 5, by four layers of material The combination radiation safeguard structure that material combination forms a seamless combination is shown in attached drawing 2, and concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:
For the building of four layers of combination radiation safeguard structure of solar proton event:
A, lead-covering 1 is set to the cladding material of current spacecraft, lead-covering 1 is to be equivalent to aluminium by aluminum honeycomb structure Quality mask surface density, which is arranged to 1g/cm2
B, the second layer of combination radiation safeguard structure uses water tank 2, and 2 shell of water tank is made of the aluminium of 0.2cm, in water tank 2 Equipped with water 3, water 3 with a thickness of 4cm, quality mask surface density is 4g/cm2, 2 shell of water tank is equivalent to 0.541g/cm2Aluminum Amount shielding surface density;
C, the third layer of combination radiation safeguard structure is Boron-containing-PE structural slab 4, this layer of structure is mainly for sun matter Secondary neutron, proton, the electronics etc. that subevent generates are absorbed, and wherein the content of boron is weight 70%, the content of polyethylene For weight 30%, Boron-containing-PE structural slab 4 with a thickness of 3.5cm, quality mask surface density is 5.71g/cm2
D, the third layer of combination radiation safeguard structure is high density polyethylene (HDPE) 5, in order to further decrease step a, b and c knot Secondary after structure, absorbs secondary electron, neutron and photon, high density polyethylene (HDPE) 5 with a thickness of 3.4cm, quality mask face Density is 3.29g/cm2
Establish the analysis model of combination radiation safeguard structure:
E, for four layers of radiation-shielding construction of foundation, the analysis model of radiation-shielding construction is established, is built in analysis model During vertical, using the quality mask surface density of radiation protection material, for Boron-containing-PE structural slab 4, according to quality It carries out layering and establishes model;
The shield effectiveness analysis of radiation-shielding construction is combined based on Monte Carlo sampling analysis method:
F, it is directed to 1989 especially big solar proton event power spectrum (see attached drawing 3), by carrying out Monte Carlo sampling to power spectrum Analysis, is incident on combination radiation safeguard structure, obtains being located at body-tissue equivalent's dosage after combination radiation safeguard structure, adopt Monte Carlo analysis tool is multilayer screen simulation software Multi-layered shielding simulation Software, MULASSIS, the software use the movement of the large quantities of incoming particles of monte carlo method simulation tracing, the position of particle Set, the various parameters of energy loss and secondary all store during tracking, finally obtain it is various needed for physics The desired value and statistic bias of amount.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art:It can be directed to space solar proton event, specifically considered Sun high energy proton power spectrum, and the secondary type generated with material interaction propose a kind of suitable for carrying for a long time The solar proton event combination radiation safeguard structure of people's space tasks, the structure can be by solar proton events in tissue The dose of radiation of generation, compared to aluminium shielding construction, reduces by 39% or so, is specifically shown in attached drawing in the case where equal quality shields surface density 4。

Claims (1)

1. a kind of space high energy proton combination radiation safeguard structure suitable for long-term manned task, it is characterised in that related Structure is lead-covering(1), water tank(2), water(3), Boron-containing-PE structural slab(4), high density polyethylene (HDPE)(5), GD414 glue(6) Composition, water tank(2)Upper end pass through screw(7)With lead-covering(1)Connection, water tank(2)Lower end pass through screw(7)It is poly- with boracic Ethylene unit plate(4)Connection, in water tank(2)It is provided with water(3), Boron-containing-PE structural slab(4)With high density polyethylene (HDPE)(5)It Between use GD414 glue(6)Bonding, combines four layer materials the combination radiation safeguard structure to form a seamless combination, specific to grasp It follows these steps to carry out:
For the building of four layers of combination radiation safeguard structure of solar proton event:
A, by lead-covering(1)It is set as the cladding material of current spacecraft, lead-covering(1)It is that aluminium is equivalent to by aluminum honeycomb structure Quality mask surface density, which is arranged to 1g/cm2
B, the second layer of combination radiation safeguard structure uses water tank(2), water tank(2)Shell is made of the aluminium of 0.2cm, water tank(2) It is provided with water(3), water(3)With a thickness of 4cm, quality mask surface density is 4g/cm2, water tank(2)Shell is equivalent to 0.541g/ cm2Aluminum amount shield surface density;
C, the third layer of combination radiation safeguard structure is Boron-containing-PE structural slab(4), to the secondary neutron, proton, electricity of generation Son etc. is absorbed, and wherein the content of boron is weight 70%, and the content of polyethylene is weight 30%, Boron-containing-PE structural slab(4) With a thickness of 3.5cm, quality mask surface density is 5.71g/cm2
D, the third layer of combination radiation safeguard structure is high density polyethylene (HDPE)(5), secondary electron, neutron and photon are absorbed, it is highly dense Spend polyethylene(5)With a thickness of 3.4cm, quality mask surface density is 3.29g/cm2
Establish the analysis model of combination radiation safeguard structure:
E, for four layers of radiation-shielding construction of foundation, the analysis model of radiation-shielding construction is established, was established in analysis model Cheng Zhong, using the quality mask surface density of radiation protection material, for Boron-containing-PE structural slab(4), according to quality into Model is established in row layering;
The shield effectiveness analysis of radiation-shielding construction is combined based on Monte Carlo sampling analysis method:
F, it by carrying out Monte Carlo sampling analysis to power spectrum, is incident on combination radiation safeguard structure, obtains being located at combination spoke Body-tissue equivalent's dosage after penetrating safeguard structure, the Monte Carlo analysis tool used is multilayer screen simulation software Multi- Layered shielding simulation software, MULASSIS, the software with monte carlo method simulate with The movement of the large quantities of incoming particles of track, the various parameters of the position of particle, energy loss and secondary are all in tracking process In store, finally obtain it is various needed for physical quantitys desired value and statistic bias.
CN201810708522.5A 2018-07-02 2018-07-02 A kind of space high energy proton combination radiation safeguard structure suitable for long-term manned task Pending CN108877976A (en)

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CN109974526A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-07-05 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 A kind of manned moon landing's radiation protection method based on assembling shield
CN113838540A (en) * 2021-10-14 2021-12-24 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Method, device, equipment and medium for judging nuclear radiation damage of high-energy explosive

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CN109974526A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-07-05 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 A kind of manned moon landing's radiation protection method based on assembling shield
CN109974526B (en) * 2019-04-29 2021-07-13 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 Manned lunar landing radiation protection method based on assembly shield
CN113838540A (en) * 2021-10-14 2021-12-24 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Method, device, equipment and medium for judging nuclear radiation damage of high-energy explosive
CN113838540B (en) * 2021-10-14 2024-04-19 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Method, device, equipment and medium for judging nuclear radiation damage of high-energy explosive

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