CN103049829B - Integrated fusion method of urban and rural passenger line network and hub station - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated integration method of urban and rural passenger transport network and hub stations in the field of transportation technology, by evaluating the node level based on the idea of hub station node importance, establishing a set of nodes for connecting urban and rural passenger transport network, and the scale of urban and rural passenger transport network Determination, generation of urban and rural passenger transport network, integration of network and hub stations; the present invention avoids disadvantages such as unsmooth transportation of the network and inconvenient transfers, and enables the generated network nodes to have a good connection with the passenger flow distribution center, which is beneficial to Attract as many customers as possible. Moreover, the invention has the advantages of easy realization, high reliability, flexible design process, etc., and is convenient for popularization and application in the integrated design process of urban and rural passenger transport lines and networks.

Description

Integrated fusion method of urban and rural passenger transport network and hub stations

technical field

The present invention relates to a method in the technical field of transportation, in particular to a method for integrating urban and rural passenger transport network and hub stations for generating an integrated urban and rural passenger transport network that meets the needs of urban and rural passenger transport.

Background technique

Urban and rural passenger transport planning is a macro framework for urban and urban and rural public transport planning within a region. Its purpose is to coordinate urban and rural space planning, traffic system planning and other higher-level planning requirements for the development of urban and rural passenger transport, accurately locate, determine the development goals of urban and rural passenger transport and the overall planning strategy of urban and rural passenger transport, as well as the coordination of various transportation modes within the region, which belongs to public transport planning and management areas. Urban and rural passenger transportation planning can be divided into urban and rural passenger transportation strategic planning, operation organization planning and facility planning according to the technical depth and content of the planning. Strategic planning of urban and rural passenger transport includes the overall development strategy of urban and rural passenger transport, development policies, and regional passenger transport development strategies; operational organization planning includes urban and rural passenger transport capacity allocation, line network operation organization, and facility planning and construction timing and investment estimates; facility planning includes urban and rural passenger transport Site selection and layout of hub stations, line network design, etc. Combining the characteristics of the above three types of planning, when planning facilities, the site selection and layout of hub stations can be integrated with network design, that is, the integration of urban and rural passenger transport network and hub stations can be carried out. In this way, the layout of the urban and rural passenger transport network, the overall scale of the network, and the differences in the travel needs of urban and rural residents can be considered, and the importance of hub stations can be analyzed to design an urban and rural passenger transport network that meets the characteristics of urban and rural passenger flow distribution.

The existing urban and rural passenger transport network planning methods are mainly based on the division of traffic areas based on factors such as the administrative division of the planning area, population distribution, and road network layout; forecasting the passenger flow generation, attraction, and distribution of each traffic area; Determine the required urban and rural public passenger transport network scale; finally, allocate travel traffic to the urban and rural public passenger transport network, and make evaluation and adjustments to the network on this basis.

The above method has practical value in the preliminary planning period of regional road network and line network, but it has limitations in the urban and rural passenger transport environment where the road network and line network are mature and the hub stations are gradually improving: (1) The above method is difficult to be used to further optimize the existing Urban and rural passenger transport network; (2) the above method cannot consider the passenger flow attraction effect of the hub station in the urban and rural passenger transport network; (3) the above method is difficult to deal with the contribution rate of each node in the network to the passenger flow attraction and evacuation of the network; (4) when the planning area is large And when the road network is relatively complex, the above method will not be out of touch with the planning and design of hub stations, and is not suitable for the design and implementation of the integrated urban and rural passenger transport network.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an integrated fusion method of urban and rural passenger transport network and hub stations, and establishes nodes for connecting urban and rural passenger transport network by evaluating node levels based on the idea of node importance of hub stations Aggregation, scale determination of urban and rural passenger transport network, generation of urban and rural passenger transport network, integration of line network and hub stations; among them: the evaluation node level realizes the classification of all passenger transport distribution points in the planned area, through the evaluation of node importance and node The degree of influence determines whether to select each node as a network node in the integrated design of the line network and hub station, and divides the selected nodes into hub-type nodes and station-type nodes, and establishes a node set for connecting urban and rural passenger transport network; The determination of the scale of the urban and rural passenger transport network is used to determine the total supply of the urban and rural passenger transport network, and its purpose is to meet the total demand for urban and rural passenger transport; the generation of the urban and rural passenger transport network is used to generate the layout of the passenger transport network according to the layout of the urban and rural passenger transport network; the line network It is integrated with the hub station and used for the connection between the line network and the hub station and the connection between different line networks through the hub station.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and the present invention comprises the following steps:

The first step is to evaluate the node level based on the importance of hub station nodes: through the analysis of the population, economy and transportation conditions in the planning area, according to the requirements of urban and rural public transportation organizations, various types of nodes are determined as nodes for urban and rural passenger transport network planning , establish a node importance evaluation method with node scale, economic strength, tertiary industry development level, traffic conditions, and geographical location as evaluation indicators, and calculate the comprehensive index of node importance.

The various types of nodes mentioned include: the seat of the city (county) government, the seat of the town (township) government, important factories and mines, large-scale agricultural and animal husbandry bases, economic development zones, large markets, important external transportation hubs, tourism resources Click the location and so on.

The node size is measured by the population of the node.

The stated economic strength is measured by Gross Domestic Product.

The level of the tertiary industry is measured by the added value of the tertiary industry of the node.

The traffic condition is measured by the number of roads and road grades passing through the node in the road network.

The geographical location is measured by the relationship between the node and the center of the planning area.

The node importance evaluation method is to use simple matrix method to calculate the node comprehensive index, the greater the comprehensive index calculation value, the higher the node importance and the higher the level.

The second step is to establish a collection of nodes for connecting urban and rural passenger transport network, which is achieved through the following steps:

2.1) Set the node comprehensive indicator threshold;

2.2) Classify the candidate nodes according to the classification comprehensive index threshold, and generate a set of nodes for connecting the urban and rural passenger transport network.

The threshold value refers to setting the minimum value of the comprehensive index of the selected set node and the minimum value of the comprehensive index of the determined node level. If the comprehensive index value of the node is lower than the minimum value of the comprehensive index, it cannot be selected into the node set, and the comprehensive index value of the node is lower than the determined node level. The lowest value of the comprehensive index at the node level cannot be rated at this level.

The third step is to determine the scale of the urban and rural passenger transport network, which specifically refers to: find out the main factors affecting the scale of the urban and rural passenger transport network, and use the data of the development of the urban and rural passenger transport system in the planning area to carry out data simulation on the scale of the network and the main influencing factors. Then, according to the predicted value of each influencing factor in the planning period, use the functional relationship to determine the required line network scale in the planning area in the planning period.

The scale of the network includes the total length of the network, the density of the network, and the daily passenger turnover of the network.

The influencing factors mentioned include the population of the planned area, the level of economic development, the area of the area, and the per capita transportation rate.

The fourth step is to generate urban and rural passenger transport network, which is realized through the following steps:

4.1) Identification of traffic travel corridors: First, forecast the planning year to obtain the long-term full population and full-mode OD matrix; assign the long-term OD matrix to the long-term road network according to the shortest distance to obtain the expected travel flow map; according to the expected travel flow The traffic flow on the map is selected to determine the traffic corridor.

The traffic corridor mentioned above refers to a transportation channel or aisle that connects two regions and can attract a large number of passengers. The present invention adopts the travel expectation path map method to identify the traffic travel corridor.

4.2) Determine the hub points of the line network: After identifying the direction of the traffic corridor, select the hub points of the line network from the node set of the urban and rural passenger transport network obtained according to the evaluation of the importance of nodes, and determine the size of the hub points.

The fifth step, the integration of the line network and the hub station, specifically refers to: start from the highest level node, expand to all adjacent traffic areas, and then use the nodes in each adjacent traffic area as a new starting point to continue to all adjacent traffic areas Do successive extensions until the line length limit is reached. For each node reached, consider the constraints and the objective function, so as to obtain the most efficient one or several routes among all possible routes satisfying the constraints.

The adjoining traffic area refers to a traffic area directly connected by roads on the ground.

The constraints mentioned above refer to the implementation restrictions on the line network and hubs in the actual planning.

The objective function refers to the goal to be achieved and the planning requirements to be met in the actual planning of the integration of the line network and the hub station.

The invention introduces the concept of node importance evaluation, first determines the network nodes and their importance, then designs the urban and rural passenger transport network, and optimizes and determines the network scheme based on passenger flow analysis. It avoids the disadvantages of unsmooth line network transportation and inconvenient transfer, so that the generated line network nodes are well connected with the passenger flow distribution center, which is conducive to attracting passenger flow to the maximum extent. Moreover, the invention has the advantages of easy realization, high reliability, flexible design process, etc., and is convenient for popularization and application in the integrated design process of urban and rural passenger transport lines and networks.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the design flowchart of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the route search method of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of line adjustment in the present invention.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following implementation example.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment includes:

The idea of "fixing the hub → weaving the net → laying out the points" is adopted to carry out the integrated design of the urban and rural passenger transport line network and the hub station.

As shown in Figure 1, the "fixed hub → weaving network → point layout" is shown in Figure 1. The evaluation node level realizes the classification of all passenger distribution points in the planned area. By evaluating the node importance and node influence, it is decided whether to select each Nodes are used as network nodes in the integrated design of line network and hub station, and the selected nodes are divided into hub-type nodes and station-type nodes, and a set of nodes for connecting urban and rural passenger transport network is established. Determine the level of urban and rural passenger transport lines, the total supply of the line network, and determine the scale of the line network. According to the layout of the urban and rural passenger transport road network and the site selection and scale of hub stations, the layout of the passenger transport line network is generated. After the integration of the hub station nodes and the urban and rural passenger transport network, according to the formed main skeleton of the public passenger transport network, the midway stops are laid out line by line, and the integration of the urban and rural hub stations and the public passenger transport network is finally completed.

The specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(1) Evaluate the node level based on the idea of node importance in hub stations

Select appropriate methods to analyze and evaluate the importance of nodes. According to the goal to be achieved by the evaluation and the relationship between the index system and the target layer, the simple matrix method is usually used to calculate and evaluate the importance of nodes:

There are m single evaluation indexes a ₁ , a ₂ ,...,a _m , and n candidate nodes G ₁ , G ₂ ,...G _n , to construct the discriminant matrix D and C _k ; calculate the weight of each index and each node The value of; test the consistency of the discriminant matrix D and C _k ; calculate the comprehensive index.

For node G _j (j=1,2,3,…,n), its comprehensive evaluation index V _j is:

In the formula, W _i - the weight of the i-th indicator;

V _{ij ——The} value of the i-th item index of the j-th node.

Comprehensively calculate the index V _j , the larger the calculated value, the higher the node level.

⑵Establish a collection of nodes for connecting urban and rural passenger transport network

The hub station nodes of the urban and rural passenger transport network in the planning area are passenger flow distribution centers based on the evaluation of node importance. By setting the node comprehensive index threshold to determine whether the node can be selected into the node set, and determine the node level.

The selected nodes can be divided into deterministic hub station nodes and pending hub station nodes.

The deterministic hub station node refers to a traffic collection and distribution node including long-distance passenger station, railway station, airport, passenger port, and bus station.

The undetermined hub station nodes refer to residential distribution nodes including bazaars, large shopping malls, schools, hospitals, and enterprises.

(3) Determine the scale of urban and rural passenger transport network

Combining with the analysis of influencing factors for the formation of urban and rural passenger transport network, considering factors such as the feasibility and applicable conditions of existing decision-making methods, the tie data is used to reflect the different actual development conditions of each influencing factor. The scale of the urban and rural passenger transport network is determined by the three indicators of the total length of the network, the density of the network, and the daily passenger turnover of the network.

The total length of the wire mesh is expressed as:

Among them, l _i is the length (km) of the ith line in the line network without duplication, which reflects the scale of the line network.

The line density is expressed as:

σ=L/S

Among them, σ refers to the scale of lines distributed per unit area, which is the main factor to measure the service level of urban and rural public passenger transport in a region. Among them, S is the planned area of urban and rural passenger transport network (km2).

The daily passenger turnover of the line network is expressed as:

Among them, P is an indicator for evaluating the capacity output of urban and rural passenger transport network. p _i is the daily passenger volume of the i-th line, and l _i is the length (km) of the i-th line in the network.

⑷ Generation of urban and rural passenger transport network

Under the control of the scale and macro structure of the urban and rural passenger transport network, the urban and rural passenger transport network is generated by combining the urban and rural passenger transport corridors and hub station nodes obtained from the analysis. The urban-rural passenger transport corridor mentioned in it needs to meet the road conditions and passenger flow conditions.

The road conditions mentioned above mean that the roads need to be set up on national, provincial and county roads, and the road grades should be above grade three.

The passenger flow conditions mentioned above mean that the passenger flow of urban and rural public passenger transport should reach a certain standard, and the predicted cross-sectional flow should be greater than a certain value, between 5000 and 6000 person-times per day. This standard varies with different planning areas. The larger the planning area, the greater the index value.

⑸Integration of line network and hub station

The integration of the line network and the hub station is to plan the scale of the line network to generate the initial line network, and to determine the specific direction of the line, the location of the starting and ending points, and the setting of the hub station. The invention adopts the route direction search method to memorize the line network and the hub station fusion.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the route direction search algorithm refers to: firstly select a search origin, and then define search direction weights. Search from the far point to the adjacent node, and the search direction is determined as the top 4 to 6 directions with the largest direction weight according to the different geographical forms and the complexity of the road network in the planning area. Search from the search far point to these directions at the same time. When the next node is searched, use the searched node as the new search far point. Remember the surrounding nodes to continue searching. The search direction still chooses the one with the larger direction weight direction, and do not search in the opposite direction and repeat the search during the search process. At the same time, in order to avoid the horizontal direction of radial lines during the line search process, as shown in Figure 3, a non-linear coefficient threshold is introduced in the constraint conditions for screening, and the search is carried out in the direction with the next largest weight until the line length limit is reached. After the nodes in all directions are searched, the search lines are connected in turn to form the integration of urban and rural passenger transport network and hub stations.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of town and country passenger line network and hinge station integral fusion method are it is characterised in that method is related to based on hinge Station pitch point importance thought evaluation node rank, set up for connect town and country passenger line network node set, town and country passenger traffic line The relevant content that network planning mould determines, town and country passenger line network generates, gauze is merged with hinge station；It is right that evaluation node rank achieves The classification of all passenger traffic Distribution Centers in institute's planning region, by evaluation node importance degree and node influence degree, decides whether Choose each node as the network node in gauze and hinge station Combined design；

Described passenger traffic Distribution Center includes：City/county government location, town/country government location, important industrial enterprise, large-scale agriculture Livestock breeding areas, economic development zone, large-scale fairground location, important external transport hub location, tourist resources point location；

Described setting up for the node set connecting town and country passenger line network is by setting node overall target threshold value, and will be standby Node is selected to realize according to node overall target threshold classification；

Described node overall target threshold value refers to set the overall target minimum of selected collector node and determines node rank Overall target minimum, node comprehensive index value then cannot be selected in node set less than overall target minimum, and node is comprehensive Close desired value and cannot be chosen as this rank less than rank overall target minimum；

Described town and country passenger line network scale determines to be needed to find out the major influence factors of town and country passenger line network scale, using planning The data information of region town and country passenger-traffic system development, carries out data matching to Network scale and each major influence factors, therefrom looks for Go out the functional relation of Network scale and each major influence factors, then according to each major influence factors in the prediction planning the time limit Value, the Network scale needed for determining planning region in the planning time limit using functional relation；

Described Network scale includes gauze total length, bus routes, gauze day passenger person-kilometres, wherein：Gauze total length isWherein：l_iFor i-th line length disregarding repetition in gauze, unit is km；Gauze total length reflects gauze Scale；Bus routes is：σ=L/S, wherein：σ refers to the line size of distribution in unit area, and S advises for town and country passenger line network Draw region area, unit is km², bus routes is to weigh the principal element of a regional town and country public passenger transport service level；Line Netting day passenger person-kilometres is：Wherein：P is the index of assessment town and country passenger line network ability output, p_iFor i-th line The volume of passenger transport per day on road, l_iFor the length on gauze i-th line road, unit is km；

Described influence factor includes planning region population, the level of economic development, region area, per capita vehicles owning rate；

Described town and country passenger line network generates the identification needing to carry out traffic trip corridor and determination gauze pivot point；

Described traffic trip corridor refers to transport channel or the passageway connecting two interzones and can attracting a large amount of passengers；

Described pitch point importance, is calculated by simplex matrix method, specially：When there being m single item evaluation index a₁, a₂,…,a_m, have q alternate node G₁,G₂,…G_q, construct discrimination matrix D and C_k；Calculate weight and each node of each index It is worth；Inspection discrimination matrix D and C_kUniformity；Calculate overall target；

For node G_y, y=1,2,3 ..., q, its comprehensive evaluation index V_yFor：Wherein：W_xFor xth item Index weights, V_xyValue for y-th node xth item index.