CN103048730A - Microstructural terahertz (THz) optical fiber - Google Patents
Microstructural terahertz (THz) optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN103048730A CN103048730A CN201210583917XA CN201210583917A CN103048730A CN 103048730 A CN103048730 A CN 103048730A CN 201210583917X A CN201210583917X A CN 201210583917XA CN 201210583917 A CN201210583917 A CN 201210583917A CN 103048730 A CN103048730 A CN 103048730A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microstructural terahertz (THz) optical fiber. The optical fiber comprises a fiber core and a cladding, wherein the fiber core consists of five layers of first holes (1) arranged in a hexagonal lattice; the cladding consists of a host material (3) and a multilayer honeycomb-like structure; each unit of the honeycomb-like structure consists of six first holes (1) and a second hole (2) arranged in the hexagonal lattice; the first holes are respectively located at vertexes of each hexagonal lattice; the corresponding second hole (2) is located at the center of the corresponding hexagonal lattice; the first holes (1) and the second holes (2) are connected through the host material (3); the effective refractive index of the cladding is lower than the refractive index of the fiber core; and the first holes (1) and the second holes (2) are respectively air holes. According to the structure of the microstructural terahertz optical fiber, a fundamental mode of the fiber core can be effectively constrained; the energy of the fundamental mode of the fiber core is mostly distributed in the air holes 1, so that the absorption loss of the material is avoided, and the goal of wide-band low-loss THz wave transmission is achieved. Within a range from 0.8THz to 1.5THz, the total loss can be lower than 0.25dB/cm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber optic communication field, relate in particular to the optical fiber of transmission THz wave.
Background technology
Terahertz (Terahertz, THz) typically refers to the electromagnetic wave of frequency in 0. 1 ~ 10 THz scopes, its wave band in electromagnetic wave spectrum microwave and infrared between.The THz radiation has the potentiality of application in a lot of fields such as communication, sensing, imaging, spectroscopy and medical science.Realize broadband, jumbo telecommunication system, researching and developing a kind of low-loss THz waveguide also becomes the primary technology that needs solution.The main difficulty that realizes low-loss waveguide is the dielectric material that lacks low absorption coefficient, in recent years, increasing seminar has both at home and abroad carried out the research of low-loss THz waveguide, because air is approximately zero to the absorption of THz, various waveguide design are devoted to fetter the THz ripple and are transmitted in waveguide again and the core mode energy more can be distributed in the air, thereby effectively reduce material absorption loss.
It is the high index of refraction fibre core that sub-wavelength optical fiber adopts the solid bar of sub-wavelength dimensions, and the optical fiber ambient air is as covering, because the optical fiber trans D is less, guided modes more is distributed in the fibre core ambient air covering, thereby reaches the purpose that reduces absorption loss.The major defect of this optical fiber is that most of guided modes energy distribution is in air cladding layer, transmission course is subject to external environment impact [S.P. Jamison, et al., " Single-mode waveguide propagation and reshaping of sub-ps terahertz pulses in sapphire fibers; " Appl. Phys. Lett., 2000 76:1987]., hollow core photonic bandgap optical fiber is a kind of more excellent selection, the THz ripple transmits in hollow, can realize that the THz ripple is with the long Distance Transmission of low-loss, can effectively exempt the interference of external environment again, but its transmission bandwidth is subject to the restriction of optical fiber band gap width, general transmission bandwidth is not very wide.[Y. F. Geng, et al., “Transmission loss and dispersion in plastic terahertz photonic band-gap fibers,” Appl. Phys. B, 2008 91: 333]。Porous optical fiber can be considered to can be comparable with hollow photon band-gap optical fiber a kind of low loss fiber, S. Atakaramians [S. Atakaramians, et al., " Porous fibers:a novel approach to low loss THz waveguides; " Opt. Express, 2008
16(12): 8845 the structure that the sub-wavelength airport that the how empty optical fiber that] proposes is arranged take hexagonal lattice forms is as fibre core, and the fibre core outer air forms total internal reflection optical fiber as covering.The shared fibre core large percentage of airport, mould field energy major part is distributed in the airport, thereby reduce material Optical Absorption has been obtained minimizing.The low-loss long Distance Transmission that this optical fiber can satisfy the THz ripple can be limited in most of mould field energy in the fibre core again, has realized the transmission of low-loss THz ripple in 0.2 to 0.8THz scope.But mould field energy proportion is still higher in the optical fiber air cladding layer, can reach 20%, and optical fiber can only be in the air, can not contact other high medium that absorbs.
Summary of the invention
For above deficiency, the invention provides a kind of refractive-index-guiding type THz ripple microstructured optical fibers that can realize low-loss, broadband and avoid external disturbance.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of microstructure Hz optical fiber, comprise fibre core and covering, and the first kind hole that described fibre core is arranged by five layers of hexagonal lattice forms; Described covering is comprised of host material and multilayer class cellular structure, six first kind holes and an Equations of The Second Kind hole form in the hexagonal lattice by being arranged in each unit of described class cellular structure, described first kind hole is positioned at the summit of hexagonal lattice, the Equations of The Second Kind hole is positioned at the center of hexagonal lattice, is connected with the Equations of The Second Kind hole and connects by host material in described first kind hole; The equivalent refractive index of described covering is less than fiber core refractive index; Described first kind hole and Equations of The Second Kind hole are airport.
The number of plies N of described class cellular structure 〉=2.
The hole cycles 80 μ m≤Λ in the first kind hole of described fibre core≤180 μ m.
Technique effect of the present invention is: covering adopts the cellular porous structure of class, dutycycle (airport occupies ratio) is higher, cladding-effective-index is little, the fibre core pattern is formed with the effect constraint, fibre core is comprised of hexagonal lattice periodic arrangement sub-wavelength airport, and the fibre core basic mode is in the enhancing that locality occurs at the interface of sub-wavelength airport and material, in the place the closer to fiber core, the mould field strength is stronger, and the mould field distribution is nearly Gaussian distribution.Basic mode mould field energy is distributed in the sub-wavelength airport mostly, effectively reduces material absorption loss.Compare with hollow band gap THz optical fiber, guaranteeing low-loss while, the THz ripple transmission bandwidth of this structure can non-constant width, can reach 0.7THz.With respect to porous optical fiber, this structure is not subjected to the impact of external environment factor, and structure is also more stable, is convenient to make.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the optical fiber structure synoptic diagram;
Wherein: 1 first kind hole, 2 Equations of The Second Kind holes, 3 host materials;
Fig. 2 is d/ Λ=0.75,0.85 and 0.95 o'clock, and the ratio of fibre core basic mode energy in airport is with the variation of frequency;
Fig. 3 is d/ Λ=0.75,0.85 and 0.95 o'clock, and the ratio of fibre core basic mode energy in material is with the variation of frequency;
Fig. 4 is d/ Λ=0.75,0.85 and 0.95 o'clock, and absorption loss is with the variation of frequency;
Fig. 5 is d/ Λ=0.75,0.85 and 0.95 o'clock, and limitation loss is with the variation of frequency;
Fig. 6 is d/ Λ=0.75,0.85 and 0.95 o'clock, and total losses are with the variation of frequency;
Fig. 7 is d/ Λ=0.85 o'clock, and the fibre core effective index of fundamental mode is with the variation of periods lambda;
Fig. 8 is d/ Λ=0.85 o'clock, and absorption loss is with the variation of periods lambda;
Fig. 9 is d/ Λ=0.85 o'clock, and limitation loss is with the variation of periods lambda.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 has provided the cross sectional representation of porous optical fiber of the present invention, this optical fiber comprises fibre core and covering, fibre core is comprised of the first kind hole 1 of five layer crystal lattice periodic arrangement, the hole cycle is Λ, the class cellular structure that first kind hole 1 and Equations of The Second Kind hole 2 consist of, covering is comprised of host material 3 and this type of cellular structure.
At first kind hole 1 and Equations of The Second Kind hole 2 interior filling air, refractive index is n
Air, the refractive index n of the host material of optical fiber, first kind hole is the sub-wavelength hole, and bore dia is d, and then Equations of The Second Kind airport diameter is 2 Λ+d.Actual 7 holes by being arranged in the hexagonal lattice of Equations of The Second Kind airport form, and 6 hole diameters around it are also identical with first kind hole, and bore dia is d, and its center-hole diameter is 1.2 Λ, thereby make 7 holes form a whole macropore.
The fibre core hole cycle is Λ, first kind bore dia is d, then the Equations of The Second Kind bore dia is D=2 Λ+d, Λ diminishes, and then D diminishes with it, and is few such as the number of plies N of fruit cellular structure, the fibre core basic mode can not get effective constraint, limitation loss can increase, and the number of plies N that increases the class cellular structure can increase the manufacture difficulty of microstructured optical fibers, requires Λ 〉=80 μ m here.
First kind bore dia is d, and when d/ Λ was constant, it is large that fibre core airport periods lambda becomes, it is large that material absolute dimension between the first kind hole becomes, and material absorption loss increases, and also can destroy simultaneously fibre core basic mode type shape, be unfavorable for and common Gauss's light source coupling, require Λ≤180 μ m here.
Fibre core basic mode energy is defined as at the ratio of porous optical fiber zones of different:
Wherein, Sz is the Poynting vector of z direction, and subscript x represents two different zones: airport and material.
Embodiment:
The structure of porous optical fiber as shown in Figure 1, air refraction n
Air=1.0, the refractive index n of the host material of optical fiber=1.534, material absorption loss is elected 130dB/m as, fibre core hole periods lambda is 140 μ m, when d/ Λ is respectively 0.75,0.85 and 0.95, the ratio of basic mode energy in airport and material is respectively by Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, increase along with d/ Λ, the distribution of basic mode energy in airport increases, distribution in material reduces, and absorption loss is with the reduction along with the increase of d/ Λ, as shown in Figure 4, when d/ Λ=0.95, absorption loss is lower than 0.22dB/cm in 0.7 to 1.5THz scope.Limitation loss as shown in Figure 5, along with the reduction limitation loss of frequency increases to some extent, but all keep a lower value at limitation loss in 0.7 to 1.5THz scope, illustrate that the fibre core basic mode has obtained effective constraint, the THz transport property is not subjected to the impact of external environment.Total losses with the variation of frequency as shown in Figure 6, along with the increase of d/ Λ always damages increase, it is special when d/ Λ is 0.95, in 0.8 to 1.5THz scope, total losses all are lower than 0.25dB/cm, therefore the low-loss transmission of broadband THz ripple be can realize, the long Distance Transmission of THz ripple and the application in communication thereof satisfied.
Fig. 7 is that the fibre core effective index of fundamental mode is with the change curve of periods lambda, effective refractive index increases with the increase of periods lambda as can be seen from Figure, this explanation basic mode energy distribution in material increases, and absorption loss also can increase thereupon, as shown in Figure 8, when periods lambda reaches 180 μ m, absorption loss is 0.46dB/cm, and periods lambda is larger in addition, and basic mode mode profile type also can be away from gaussian model, be unfavorable for and common Gauss's light source coupling, require periods lambda≤180 μ m here.
Fig. 9 be limitation loss with the change curve of periods lambda, along with reducing of periods lambda, limitation loss increases, particularly during periods lambda≤80 μ m, limitation loss increases rapidly, requires periods lambda 〉=80 μ m here.
Above-mentioned accompanying drawing only is explanatory view, protection scope of the present invention is not formed restriction.Should be understood that this embodiment just in order to demonstrate the invention, but not limit the scope of the invention by any way.
Claims (3)
1. a microstructure Hz optical fiber comprises fibre core and covering, it is characterized in that, the first kind hole (1) that described fibre core is arranged by five layers of hexagonal lattice forms; Described covering is comprised of host material (3) and multilayer class cellular structure, six first kind holes (1) and an Equations of The Second Kind hole (2) form in the hexagonal lattice by being arranged in each unit of described class cellular structure, described first kind hole is positioned at the summit of hexagonal lattice, Equations of The Second Kind hole (2) is positioned at the center of hexagonal lattice, and described first kind hole (1) is connected 2 with the Equations of The Second Kind hole) between connect by host material (3); The equivalent refractive index of described covering is less than fiber core refractive index; Described first kind hole (1) and Equations of The Second Kind hole (2) are airport.
2. according to claims 1 described a kind of microstructure Hz optical fiber, it is characterized in that: the number of plies N of described class cellular structure 〉=2.
3. according to claims 1 described a kind of microstructure Hz optical fiber, it is characterized in that: the hole cycles 80 μ m≤Λ in the first kind hole (1) of described fibre core≤180 μ m.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104536083A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-22 | 天津大学 | Air hole crystal lattice composite core broadband terahertz photonic crystal fiber |
| CN108459370A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-28 | 华南理工大学 | It is a kind of using quartz glass as matrix photon band gap in dirac point photonic crystal fiber |
| CN111736256A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-02 | 西安邮电大学 | 2-5THz broadband hexagonal porous fiber core ultrahigh birefringence terahertz optical fiber |
| CN112629697A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 上海金智晟东电力科技有限公司 | Quasi-reciprocal reflective optical fiber temperature sensor |
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| US6892018B2 (en) * | 2000-11-20 | 2005-05-10 | Crystal Fibre A/S | Micro-structured optical fiber |
| JP2007041166A (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2007-02-15 | Fujikura Ltd | Photonic band gap fiber and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN102607610A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-25 | 天津理工大学 | Terahertz porous fiber evanescent wave sensing device |
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2012
- 2012-12-31 CN CN201210583917XA patent/CN103048730A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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| US6892018B2 (en) * | 2000-11-20 | 2005-05-10 | Crystal Fibre A/S | Micro-structured optical fiber |
| JP2007041166A (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2007-02-15 | Fujikura Ltd | Photonic band gap fiber and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN102607610A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-25 | 天津理工大学 | Terahertz porous fiber evanescent wave sensing device |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| SHAGHIK ATAKARAMIANS ET AL.: "Porous fibers: a novel approach to low loss THz waveguides", 《OPTICS EXPRESS》 * |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104536083A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-22 | 天津大学 | Air hole crystal lattice composite core broadband terahertz photonic crystal fiber |
| CN104536083B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2018-04-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of airport lattice composite core broadband terahertz light photonic crystal fiber |
| CN108459370A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-28 | 华南理工大学 | It is a kind of using quartz glass as matrix photon band gap in dirac point photonic crystal fiber |
| CN108459370B (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-01-14 | 华南理工大学 | Photonic crystal fiber with Dirac point in photonic band gap by taking quartz glass as matrix |
| CN111736256A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-02 | 西安邮电大学 | 2-5THz broadband hexagonal porous fiber core ultrahigh birefringence terahertz optical fiber |
| CN112629697A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 上海金智晟东电力科技有限公司 | Quasi-reciprocal reflective optical fiber temperature sensor |
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Application publication date: 20130417 |