CN103044865A - 一种氨基石墨烯改性pet材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,将氨基石墨烯与PET原料料加入到反应器中,控温270~290℃,搅拌反应,成型,得到氨基石墨烯改性PET材料。本发明使用的石墨烯表面带有特定官能团能与PET分子链产生相互作用,如带有氨基基团的石墨烯,其氨基可以与聚酯发生氢键作用从而有助于石墨烯在PET材料中的分散。并且,在高温密炼条件下,氨基可以部分与聚酯键交换生成酰胺基团,从而使石墨烯与PET同构化学键链接,进一步改善石墨烯在PET材料中的相容性,从而制备出石墨烯在PET中均匀分散的石墨烯改性PET材料。该氨基石墨烯改性PET材料,可以应用于制备新型PET薄膜、PET纤维或各种PET制品等领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及PET材料技术领域,具体涉及一种氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,由该方法制备出的氨基石墨烯改性PET材料,可以应用于制备新型PET薄膜、PET纤维或各种PET制品等领域。
背景技术
聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)属于高分子化合物,由对苯二甲酸(PTA)和乙二醇(EG)经过缩聚产生聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),其中的部分PET再通过水下切粒而最终生成。
PET化学结构式如下:
纤维级聚酯切片用于制造涤纶短纤维和涤纶长丝,是供给涤纶纤维企业加工纤维及相关产品的原料,涤纶作为化纤中产量最大的品种,占据着化纤行业近80%的市场份额。同时聚酯还有瓶类、薄膜等用途,广泛应用于包装业、电子电器、医疗卫生、建筑、汽车等领域,其中包装是聚酯最大的非纤应用市场,同时也是PET增长最快的领域。
目前,通过纳米材料改性PET是制备高性能PET材料的主要手段,如在PET中添加纳米二氧化硅可获得光学PET材料,添加纳米氧化锌获得防静电PET材料等。
石墨烯是一种由单层sp2杂化碳原子组成的蜂窝状结构的二维材料,具有许多优异的性能。自从2004年被发现起,石墨烯就成为了科学界的一大研究热点。在对石墨烯的物理化学性质进行研究的同时,与石墨烯相关的复合材料层出不穷。在纳米科学方向上,石墨烯也被用来制备相关的纳米复合材料,尤其是石墨烯/金属或石墨烯/金属氧化物的纳米复合材料。由于石墨烯的优异性能,这些纳米复合材料在新型能源、生物传感、催化、光学材料等领域有着广阔的研究前景。因此,石墨烯改性PET材料在获得力学性能提升的同时,还提高传统PET材料的导电性、防紫外性能等。但是,普通石墨烯由于其表面无官能团,很难与PET进行复合,从而阻碍石墨烯改性PET制备高性能材料的发展。
发明内容
发明目的:针对现有技术中存在的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,该工艺方法简单快捷,与现有成产工艺设备兼容性好。所制备的氨基石墨烯改性PET材料,可以应用于制备新型PET薄膜、PET纤维或各种PET制品等领域。
技术方案:为了实现上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,将氨基石墨烯与PET原料加入到反应器中,控温270~290℃,搅拌反应,成型,得到氨基石墨烯改性PET材料。
所述的氨基石墨烯,结构式如下:
式中,R基团选自氨基(-NH2)、甲基氨基(-CH2NH2)、乙基氨基(-CH2CH2NH2)、苯胺甲基(-CHPhNH)、酰胺基乙胺(-CONHCH2CH2NH2)。
所述的PET分子量为5000-50000。
所述的反应器为密炼机或共混挤出机。
所述的成型,工艺为挤出切片、挤出拉丝、双向拉伸成薄膜或吹塑。
所述的氨基石墨烯与PET原料的质量比为0.0001~1.0:1。
所述的搅拌反应,时间为0.1~72h。
本发明为改善石墨烯与PET相容性,达到石墨烯均匀分散在PET材料中,使用表面带有特定官能团与PET分子链产生相互作用,如带有氨基基团的石墨烯,其氨基可以与聚酯发生氢键作用从而有助于石墨烯在PET材料中的分散。并且,在高温密炼条件下,氨基可以部分与聚酯键交换生成酰胺基团,从而使石墨烯与PET通过化学键链接,进一步改善石墨烯在PET材料中的相容性,从而制备出石墨烯在PET中均匀分散的石墨烯改性PET材料。
有益效果:与现有的技术相比,本发明的优点包括:该工艺方法简单快捷,与现有成产工艺设备兼容性好。所制备的氨基石墨烯改性PET材料,可以应用于制备新型PET薄膜、PET纤维或各种PET制品等领域。
附图说明
图1是含氨基官能团石墨烯改性PET的投射电子显微镜照片图;
图2是有酰胺基乙胺官能团石墨烯改性PET材料的投射电子显微镜照片图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
以下实施例1~5所使用的氨基石墨烯,采用现有方法制备,具体参照文献进行,典型的文献有:
1.One-step synthesis of NH2-graphene from in situ graphene-oxide reduction and its improved electrochemical properties CARBON 4 9 ( 2011 ) 3250 –3257。
2.Amine-Modified Graphene: Thrombo-Protective Safer Alternative to Graphene Oxide for Biomedical Applications ACSNANO VOL. 6 ’ NO. 3 ’ 2731–2740 ’ 2012。
实施例1
将0.1g含有氨基官能团的石墨烯与100g分子量20000的PET切片粉碎后加入密炼机,在290℃密炼2h,挤出切片,获得氨基石墨烯改性PET材料。氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的投射电子显微镜照片,如图1所示,石墨烯与PET同构化学键链接,改善石墨烯在PET材料中的相容性,使得石墨烯在PET中均匀分散,可以应用于制备新型PET薄膜、PET纤维或各种PET制品等领域。
实施例2
将0.1g含有甲基氨基官能团石墨烯与10000g分子量50000的PET切片粉碎后加入密炼机,在280℃密炼72h,挤出切片,获得氨基石墨烯改性PET材料。投射电子显微镜照片显示,石墨烯与PET同构化学键链接,改善石墨烯在PET材料中的相容性,使得石墨烯在PET中均匀分散,可以应用于制备新型PET薄膜、PET纤维或各种PET制品等领域。
实施例3
将100g含有乙基氨基官能团石墨烯与100g分子量5000的PET切片加入密炼机,在260℃密炼10h,挤出切片,获得氨基石墨烯改性PET材料。投射电子显微镜照片显示,石墨烯与PET同构化学键链接,改善石墨烯在PET材料中的相容性,使得石墨烯在PET中均匀分散,可以应用于制备新型PET薄膜、PET纤维或各种PET制品等领域。
实施例4
将0.1g含有苯胺甲基官能团石墨烯与200g分子量25000的PET切片粉碎后加入密炼机,在290℃密炼4h,再转移入二辊挤出机,挤出切片,获得氨基石墨烯改性PET材料。投射电子显微镜照片显示,石墨烯与PET同构化学键链接,改善石墨烯在PET材料中的相容性,使得石墨烯在PET中均匀分散,可以应用于制备新型PET薄膜、PET纤维或各种PET制品等领域。
实施例5:
将0.1g含有酰胺基乙胺官能团石墨烯与100g分子量25000的PET切片加入密炼机,在290℃密炼3h,挤出切片,获得氨基石墨烯改性PET材料。酰胺基乙胺官能团石墨烯改性PET材料的投射电子显微镜照片,如图2所示,石墨烯与PET同构化学键链接,改善石墨烯在PET材料中的相容性,使得石墨烯在PET中均匀分散,可以应用于制备新型PET薄膜、PET纤维或各种PET制品等领域。
Claims (7)
1.一种氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,其特征在于:将氨基石墨烯与PET原料加入到反应器中,控温260~290℃,搅拌反应,成型,得到氨基石墨烯改性PET材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的PET分子量为5000-50000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的反应器为密炼机或共混挤出机。
5.根据权利要求1所述的氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的成型,工艺为挤出切片、挤出拉丝、双向拉伸成薄膜或吹塑。
6.根据权利要求1所述的氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的氨基石墨烯与PET原料的质量比为0.0001~1.0:1。
7.根据权利要求1所述的氨基石墨烯改性PET材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的搅拌反应,时间为0.1~72h。
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