CN103043651A - Alcohol-water carbon black and cerium oxide biphase nano composite slurry for preparing metal base micro-nano powder and preparation method - Google Patents
Alcohol-water carbon black and cerium oxide biphase nano composite slurry for preparing metal base micro-nano powder and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses alcohol-water carbon black and cerium oxide biphase nano composite slurry for preparing metal base micro-nano powder and a preparation method. The alcohol-water carbon black and cerium oxide biphase nano composite slurry is characterized in that the composite slurry consists of nano carbon black powder, nano cerium oxide powder and an alcohol-water mixed solution, wherein the mass fraction of the nano carbon black powder in the slurry is 0.05-0.15%; the mass fraction of the nano cerium oxide powder is 3-5 times that of the added nano carbon black powder; the rest is the alcohol-water mixed solution; the alcohol-water mixed solution consists of alcohol and water; and the volume percent of the alcohol in the mixed solution is 30-70%. The alcohol-water carbon black and cerium oxide biphase nano composite slurry is prepared for the first time, and the problem that the quality of carbon black and cerium oxide biphase nano reinforced metal base micro-nano powder prepared by the existing single-phase nano slurry is dissatisfactory is solved. The slurry has pure ingredients and good dispersion stability, can be dispersed stably for over 3 months without settlement, and has high usability and engineering application values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nano pulp, especially a kind of biphase slurry, specifically a kind of metal matrix micro-nano powder for preparing alcohol water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar and preparation method.
Background technology
For other re-manufacturing technologies, the laser re-manufacturing technology has many merits, and the interface is metallurgical binding, fine microstructures, composition is controlled, heat affecting is less etc. as making again, add laser processing high flexibility, high-level efficiency, lowly pollute and be easy to realize the light processing characteristic such as computer control, make it to become one of again manufacturing gordian technique that receives much concern.Yet, existing laser is made with powder again and is adopted the micron metal powder more, fuse the micron metal powder and need larger laser energy, cause matrix the heat input when manufacturing object is thin-wall part especially bigger than normal, and then cause making again part distortion more greatly, again manufacturing district tissue deterioration, degradation etc., even lose the value of making again.As seen, improving laser and make with the specific absorption of powder to laser again, is the important channel that realization addresses the above problem.
Carbon black powder is that a kind of median size is the black nano powder of 20nm, make up the micro-nano powder if carbon black granules effectively can be coated on the micron metal particle surface, give full play to the strong light absorptive of atrament and the surface effects of nano particle, will greatly improve powder to the specific absorption of laser.Nano cerium oxide powder is the most frequently used a kind of rare earth material, has the distinctive active element effect of rare earth material.If in the micron metal powder, introduce simultaneously nanometer carbon black powder and nano lanthanum oxide powder, both can improve powder to the absorptive character of laser, the disadvantageous effect that can avoid again the introducing of carbon black that micron metal powder use properties is caused the problem such as increases as eliminating preferably microdefect that the micro-interface increase brings out.Patent " a kind of mechanical preparation method of composite nanometer ceramic and micron metal powder (ZL 2007 10024996.X) " according to Wang Hongyu etc., want to realize that nano particle effectively is coated on the micron particle surface, need to adopt the nano pulp of stably dispersing to introduce mode as the nanometer of ball-milling medium.But existing carbon black or cerium oxide nano slurry are the single phase nano slurry, if successively introduce in preparation micro-nano powder process or add simultaneously, all will cause the nano-component skewness and greatly affect the quality of micro-nano powder.
Therefore, develop a kind of carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar, most important for the metal matrix micro-nano powder of preparing the enhancing of colory carbon black and cerium oxide biphase.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be the single phase nano slurry for existing carbon black or cerium oxide nano slurry, cause the still problem such as not ideal enough of metal matrix micro-nano powder quality that prepared carbon black and cerium oxide biphase strengthen, invent a kind of metal matrix micro-nano powder for preparing alcohol water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of metal matrix micro-nano powder for preparing alcohol water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar is characterized in that it is comprised of nanometer carbon black powder, nano-cerium oxide powder and pure water mixed solution; Wherein, the nanometer carbon black powder accounts for 0.05% ~ 0.15% of stock quality mark, and the massfraction of nano-cerium oxide powder is 3-5 times of institute's plus nano carbon black powder massfraction, and all the other are pure water mixed solution; Described pure water mixed solution is comprised of the second alcohol and water, and wherein ethanol accounts for 30 ~ 70% of mixed liquor volume.
Described nanometer carbon black powder is characterized in that this nanometer carbon black powder is not less than 120% according to the tinctorial strength of ASTMD-3849 or GB/T 7046-2003 standard detection, and its median size is 14 ~ 22nm.
Described nano-cerium oxide powder, the median size that it is characterized in that this nano-cerium oxide powder is 10 ~ 30nm.
Described ethanol is preferably dehydrated alcohol, and described water is preferably deionized water.
A kind of metal matrix micro-nano powder for preparing alcohol water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar preparation method is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
At first, prepare pure water mixed solution according to volume required mark;
Then, nanometer carbon black powder and nano-cerium oxide powder are distributed in the pure water mixed solution according to required proportioning respectively, make single phase nano carbon black suspension and single phase nano cerium oxide suspension;
At last, Manufactured single phase nano carbon black suspension and single phase nano cerium oxide suspension are carried out the ball milling mixing, can obtain pure water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar.
Described ball milling combination treatment processing parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is that 500 rev/mins, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1, Ball-milling Time are that 1 hour, ball radius are not more than 4mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the present invention has realized the pure water system carbon black of preparation and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar first, make again with the micro-nano powder and established necessary basis for preparing the laser with good use properties, adopt metal matrix micro-nano powder quality that the prepared biphase of this composite mortar strengthens and use properties thereof far above adopting the existing prepared metal matrix micro-nano powder of single phase nano slurry.
(2) in the slurry of the present invention, nanometer carbon black powder and nano-cerium oxide powder have rational proportion relation, not only kept the aterrimus of nanometer carbon black powder to give full play to its strong light absorptive, and this slurry also has the dispersion stabilization that is not less than the single phase nano slurry, but stable dispersion not sedimentation more than 3 months; Adopt the prepared micro-nano powder of this slurry, laser is had good absorptivity.
(3) the present invention is by the ball milling blending means, guaranteed that nanometer carbon black powder and nano-cerium oxide powder are evenly distributed in slurry, have no obvious a certain single phase nano powder concentration of local phenomenon, be conducive to give full play to nanometer carbon black powder and nano-cerium oxide functional performance separately, and through lot of experiments, obtained the optimised process combination that ball milling mixes.
(4) slurry of the present invention does not need additionally to add any dispersion agent or tensio-active agent take pure water mixed solution as liquid medium, has guaranteed that pulp components is pure, has effectively avoided the disadvantageous effect of other impurity compositions to the slurry use properties.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the micro-nano powder SEM pattern that adopts biphase composite mortar preparation of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Below be the prepared pure water system carbon black of method of the present invention and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar example, but be not limited only to these examples, as long as adopt the method for the invention, all can reach purpose of the present invention.
The proportion of supposition ethanol is 0.78 in the following instance, and the proportion of water is 1, can calculate accordingly and adjust according to actual specific gravity during actual the use; In addition, need to prove, consider add nano powder to account for the massfraction of slurry very little, so calculate the addition of nano powder as the slurry total mass with the liquid medium quality.
Embodiment one.
The example material therefor: commercial common packed carbon black powder, median size 18nm, tinctorial strength is 135%, the carbon black powder massfraction is 0.1%; Commercial common packed cerium oxide powder, median size 20nm is light yellow, and the cerium oxide powder massfraction is 0.4%; In the alcohol water mixed solution, the volume ratio that ethanol accounts for mixing solutions is 50%.
During preparation, at first, it is for subsequent use to prepare volume ratio that enough ethanol accounts for mixing solutions and be 50% pure water mixed solution.
Secondly, prepare respectively single phase nano carbon black suspension and single phase nano cerium oxide suspension.
When preparation single phase nano carbon black suspension, first the nanometer carbon black powder is carried out the dry ball milling pre-treatment, to break wherein original macro aggregate particle, again the nanometer carbon black powder after the weighing is mixed with pure water mixed solution and be stirred to and obtain the obviously carbon black slurry work in-process of solid-liquid layering of nothing, placing ultrasonic device to carry out thermostatic ultrasonic the carbon black slurry work in-process after stirring disperses, the control thermostat temperature is 20 ± 5 ℃, jitter time is 30 ~ 60 minutes, can obtain the single phase nano carbon black suspension of stably dispersing, the add-on of pure water mixed solution should guarantee that the mass percent of the nanometer carbon black powder in the formed single phase nano carbon black suspension is not more than 1%.
When preparation single phase nano cerium oxide suspension, the cerium oxide powder of weighing gained is added in the pure water mixed solution of surplus after, stir and obtain single phase nano cerium oxide suspension; Also can adopt ultrasonic wave to disperse or other conventional dispersing method (such as the method for Chinese patent ZL2007 10133580.1 etc.) disperses if mixing effect is undesirable, if have deposited phenomenon to occur, should suitably add cerium oxide powder and meet the demands with the content that guarantees cerium oxide powder in the final slurry.
At last, Manufactured single phase nano carbon black suspension and single phase nano cerium oxide suspension are carried out the ball milling mixing, ball milling combination treatment processing parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is that 500 rev/mins, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1, Ball-milling Time are that 1 hour, ball radius are not more than 4mm, can obtain pure water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar.Prepared composite mortar presents and the similarly even black of single-phase carbon black slurry, has no the phenomenon of obvious a certain single phase nano powder concentration of local.
Embodiment two.
The example material therefor: commercial common packed carbon black powder, median size 22nm, tinctorial strength is 125%, carbon black powder massfraction 0.05%; Commercial common packed cerium oxide powder, median size 30nm is light yellow, cerium oxide powder massfraction 0.15%; In the alcohol water mixed solution, the volume ratio that ethanol accounts for mixing solutions is 30%.Prepare pure water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar with reference to embodiment one described method steps, this composite mortar is and the similarly even black of single-phase carbon black slurry, has no the phenomenon of obvious a certain single phase nano powder concentration of local.The metal matrix micro-nano powder that adopts the prepared carbon black of this composite mortar and cerium oxide biphase to strengthen has reached comparatively desirable quality.
Embodiment three.
The example material therefor: commercial common packed carbon black powder, median size 14nm, tinctorial strength is 140%, carbon black powder massfraction 0.15%; Commercial common packed cerium oxide powder, median size 10nm is light yellow, cerium oxide powder massfraction 0.75%; In the alcohol water mixed solution, the volume ratio that ethanol accounts for mixing solutions is 70%.Prepare pure water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar with reference to embodiment one described method steps, this composite mortar is and the similarly even black of single-phase carbon black slurry, has no the phenomenon of obvious a certain single phase nano powder concentration of local.The metal matrix micro-nano powder that adopts the prepared carbon black of this composite mortar and cerium oxide biphase to strengthen has reached comparatively desirable quality.
It below is simultaneous test method of the present invention.
One, adopt composite mortar of the present invention to prepare the micro-nano powder that biphase strengthens.
Step 1 prepares the carbon black that mixes/cerium oxide biphase suspension by method of the present invention;
Step 2 is carried out the spheroidization pre-treatment with commercial Al-Si alloy micropowder, obtains pretreated micron metal powder;
Step 3 with pretreated micron metal powder, is carried out ball-milling behind the carbon black that adding has mixed/cerium oxide biphase suspension, obtains carbon black/cerium oxide biphase and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal;
Step 4 places loft drier dry in micro-nano powder slurry, can obtain the collaborative metal matrix micro-nano powder that strengthens of nanometer carbon black and nano-cerium oxide.
The metal matrix micro-nano powder that adopts the prepared carbon black of this biphase composite mortar and cerium oxide biphase to strengthen has reached comparatively desirable quality.As shown in Figure 1, in prepared metal matrix micro-nano powder, nanometer carbon black and nano-cerium oxide are the polymolecularity feature and evenly are coated on the micron particle surface; Simultaneously, adopt this micro-nano powder to carry out laser welding and make again the 0.6mm thick and thin wall spare that has penetrating crack, in the constant situation of other processing parameters, obtain that best in quality to make the limit sweep velocity that thin-wall part allows be 3.5mm/s again; In addition, thin-wall part laser welding again manufacturing district dense structure is tiny, does not substantially have the microdefects such as carbide inclusion.
Two, preparation only contains the micro-nano powder of nanometer carbon black.
At first, with reference to method of the present invention nanometer carbon black and pure water mixed solution are mixed and made into carbon black single phase nano suspension;
Secondly, commercial Al-Si alloy micropowder is carried out the spheroidization pre-treatment, obtain pretreated micron metal powder;
The 3rd, with pretreated micron metal powder, carry out ball-milling behind the adding carbon black single phase nano suspension, obtain single phase nano carbon black and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal;
The 4th, place loft drier dry in micro-nano powder slurry, can obtain the metal matrix micro-nano powder that the carbon black single phase nano strengthens.
The metal matrix micro-nano powder that adopts the prepared carbon black single phase nano of this single-phase slurry to strengthen, carry out laser welding and make again the 0.6mm thick and thin wall spare that has penetrating crack, in the constant situation of other processing parameters, obtain that best in quality to make the limit sweep velocity that thin-wall part allows be 3mm/s again; In addition, the thin-wall part laser welding again manufacturing district organize comparatively fine and close tiny, but the tissue in the defectives such as numerous carbide inclusions, pore have appearred.
Three, preparation only contains the micro-nano powder of nano-cerium oxide.
At first, with reference to method of the present invention nano-cerium oxide and pure water mixed solution are mixed and made into the single-phase suspension of cerium oxide;
Secondly, commercial Al-Si alloy micropowder is carried out the spheroidization pre-treatment, obtain pretreated micron metal powder;
The 3rd, with pretreated micron metal powder, carry out ball-milling behind the adding cerium oxide single phase nano suspension, obtain single phase nano cerium oxide and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal;
The 4th, place loft drier dry in micro-nano powder slurry, can obtain the metal matrix micro-nano powder that the cerium oxide single phase nano strengthens.
The metal matrix micro-nano powder that adopts the prepared cerium oxide single phase nano of this single-phase slurry to strengthen, carry out laser welding and make again the 0.6mm thick and thin wall spare that has penetrating crack, in the constant situation of other processing parameters, obtain that best in quality to make the limit sweep velocity that thin-wall part allows be 2.5mm/s again.In addition, the thin-wall part laser welding again manufacturing district organize thick, substantially identical with the micropowder that adopts plus nano particle not.
Four, adopt two kinds of single phase nano slurries to prepare the micro-nano powder that biphase strengthens.
At first, prepare respectively carbon black single phase nano suspension and cerium oxide single phase nano suspension with reference to method of the present invention.
Secondly, commercial Al-Si alloy micropowder is carried out the spheroidization pre-treatment, obtain pretreated micron metal powder;
The 3rd, with pretreated micron metal powder, carry out ball-milling after adding simultaneously carbon black single phase nano suspension and cerium oxide single phase nano suspension, obtain carbon black/cerium oxide biphase and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal;
Step 4 places loft drier dry in micro-nano powder slurry, can obtain the collaborative metal matrix micro-nano powder that strengthens of nanometer carbon black and nano-cerium oxide.
The metal matrix micro-nano powder that adopts the prepared carbon black of two kinds of single-phase slurries and cerium oxide biphase to strengthen, carry out laser welding and make again the 0.6mm thick and thin wall spare that has penetrating crack, in the constant situation of other processing parameters, obtain that best in quality to make the limit sweep velocity that thin-wall part allows be 3mm/s again.In addition, thin-wall part laser welding again manufacturing district is organized comparatively fine and close tinyly, but the defectives such as microstructure segregation, carbide inclusion appear in the relatively poor many places of homogeneity.
As seen, adopt carbon black of the present invention and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar to prepare the micro-nano powder that biphase strengthens, but Effective Raise laser is made with the specific absorption of powder to laser again, not only be much better than the micro-nano powder that single phase nano strengthens, also be better than and adopt two kinds of prepared biphases of single phase nano slurry to strengthen the micro-nano powder.In addition, the again manufacturing thin-wall part quality that obtains also shows similar advantage.
In addition, the applicant has carried out identical test with titanium base, iron-based and Ni-based micron metal powder, and data and previous experiments data have good convergence.
Technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics and representative case study on implementation thereof have just been expressed in foregoing description and explanation; can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; allly conceive equivalence that essence does according to the present invention and change or modify, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
The part that the present invention does not relate to all prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (6)
1. metal matrix micro-nano powder for preparing alcohol water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar is characterized in that it is comprised of nanometer carbon black powder, nano-cerium oxide powder and pure water mixed solution; Wherein, the nanometer carbon black powder accounts for 0.05% ~ 0.15% of stock quality mark, and the massfraction of nano-cerium oxide powder is 3-5 times of institute's plus nano carbon black powder massfraction, and all the other are pure water mixed solution; Described pure water mixed solution is comprised of the second alcohol and water, and wherein ethanol accounts for 30 ~ 70% of mixed liquor volume.
2. pure water system carbon black according to claim 1 and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar is characterized in that described nanometer carbon black powder is not less than 120% according to the tinctorial strength of ASTMD-3849 or GB/T7046-2003 standard detection, and its median size is 14 ~ 22nm.
3. pure water system carbon black according to claim 1 and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar, the median size that it is characterized in that described nano-cerium oxide powder is 10 ~ 30nm.
4. pure water system carbon black according to claim 1 and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar is characterized in that described ethanol is dehydrated alcohol, and described water is deionized water.
5. the preparation method of the described composite mortar of claim 1 is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
At first, prepare pure water mixed solution according to volume required mark;
Then, nanometer carbon black powder and nano-cerium oxide powder are distributed in the pure water mixed solution according to required proportioning respectively, make single phase nano carbon black suspension and single phase nano cerium oxide suspension;
At last, Manufactured single phase nano carbon black suspension and single phase nano cerium oxide suspension are carried out the ball milling mixing, can obtain pure water system carbon black and cerium oxide biphase composite mortar.
6. described ball milling combination treatment processing parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is that 500 rev/mins, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1, Ball-milling Time are that 1 hour, ball radius are not more than 4mm according to claim 5.
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