CN103042207A - Material used for improving performances of high-temperature resistant, abrasion and antifriction of surface of titanium alloy and application thereof - Google Patents
Material used for improving performances of high-temperature resistant, abrasion and antifriction of surface of titanium alloy and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103042207A CN103042207A CN2013100188425A CN201310018842A CN103042207A CN 103042207 A CN103042207 A CN 103042207A CN 2013100188425 A CN2013100188425 A CN 2013100188425A CN 201310018842 A CN201310018842 A CN 201310018842A CN 103042207 A CN103042207 A CN 103042207A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a material used for improving performances of high-temperature resistant, abrasion and antifriction of surface of titanium alloy and application thereof. The material which is composition of alloy powder is composed of, by mass percent, 14% to 17.5% of nickel, 10% to 14.5% of chromium, 42.5% to 45.5% of chromium carbide and 25 % - 30% of tungsten disulfide. The material which uses NiCr-Cr3C2 composite powder as metallic matrix and WS2 as solid lubrication utilizes the technology of laser cladding for preparing solid self-lubricating high-temperature resistable abrasion resistable and antifriction composite coating on surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with the composite powder, hardness of the surface of the titanium alloy can be effectively improved, and surface friction coefficient of the titanium alloy can be reduced, so that the performances of high temperature and abrasion resistant of the titanium alloy can be enhanced and the application range of the titanium alloy can be broadened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material and application thereof for improving titanium alloy surface high-temperature wearable antifriction performance.
Background technology
Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) has the outstanding advantages such as density is low, specific strength is high, yield tensile ratio is high, mechanical behavior under high temperature excellent (comparing with aluminium alloy), corrosion resistance excellent, good biocompatibility, is used widely in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, boats and ships, weapons, ocean, oil, chemical industry, biomedical engineering.But the titanium alloy coefficient of friction greatly, easily adhere, be difficult for lubricating, wear no resistance, the shortcoming such as high-temperature oxidation resistance is low, greatly limited the range of application of titanium alloy, particularly seriously restricted the use of titanium alloy as friction pair motion parts.
Because fretting wear occurs in the surface of material or parts basically, adopts suitable Surface Engineering means to prepare the coating that hardness is high, wearability is good at material surface and has undoubtedly higher feasibility and economy.The techniques such as thermal spraying, electric arc spraying, plasma spraying also often are used to titanium alloy is carried out surface modification, but adopt the coating of above means preparation owing to being subjected to the impact of titanium alloy activity, the compatibility of coating material and titanium alloy base material is very poor, and limit by electric arc spraying, thermal spraying and plasma spray coating process itself, it is mechanical bond between coating and the base material, bond strength is limited, and coating structure is loose, and coating is easy to cracking and comes off under the strong wear operating mode.Laser melting coating (also claiming the laser built-up welding) is to be placed the coating material of selecting by the matrix of cladding with different adding methods, heat through the high-energy-density bombardment with laser beams, make it to melt with body surface, and rapid solidification, be the technical process of the face coat of metallurgical binding thereby form with matrix at substrate surface.Its advantage is: the heat affecting to base material is little, causes that the distortion of workpiece is little; Control laser input energy can be limited in the diluting effect of base material utmost point low degree (being generally 2%~8%), thereby keep the excellent properties of former cladding material; Form metallurgical binding with matrix, bond strength is very high.
Thermal spraying material is a lot of according to total class of material character and serviceability classification, the ceramic-metal composite that composite commonly used is comprised of the alloy such as Ni-based, iron-based, cobalt-based and ceramic material (metal oxide, metal carbides, boron nitrogen silicide), so the composite good characteristic high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, that hardness is high that namely combines ceramic material has kept again the good mechanical properties such as the toughness of metal material and plasticity.Hence one can see that, this composite or coating have improved the wear resistance at elevated temperature of parts itself greatly, but meanwhile, the wearing and tearing of mating plate have but been increased, the self lubricity or the frictional compatibility that are the antithesis friction pair are poor, this is harmful and unallowed under many circumstances, and this just requires composite not only wear resistance at elevated temperature will be arranged, but also the performance of anti-attrition must be arranged.Therefore, add the direction that some self-lubricating solid agent become the composite coating research and development.
Traditional composite coating material is hardness and the wear resistance at elevated temperature of single raising titanium alloy surface, but the wearing and tearing of mating plate have been aggravated in a lot of situations, so only got wear-resisting performance, but not playing antifriction must act on, yet, add this drawback that some kollags can improve conventional composite materials effectively.The prepared coatings of technique such as employing plasma spraying have following shortcoming: coating structure loosens, has more hole and slag inclusion; Lower take mechanical bond as master, bond strength with matrix, particularly under shock loading, plasma spraying coating is easy to peel off.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists; provide and the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of effectively service life of elongated component; and save cost, protection of the environment; be applied to improve the material of titanium alloy surface high-temperature wearable antifriction performance, with range of application and the field of widening titanium alloy.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of material for improving titanium alloy surface high-temperature wearable antifriction performance, it is powder composition, press mass percent, its composition is 14%~17.5% nickel, 10%~14.5% chromium, 42.5%~45.5% chromium carbide and 25%~30% tungsten disulfide, powder size is 200~300 orders.
Preferred scheme of the present invention is: press mass percent, the composition of powder composition is 15% nickel, 12% chromium, 43% chromium carbide (Cr
3C
2), 30% tungsten disulfide.
Aforesaid a kind of material for improving titanium alloy surface high-temperature wearable antifriction performance is applied to the composite coating that laser melting and coating process prepares the antifriction of titanium alloy surface high-temperature wearable, comprises the steps:
1, press mass percent, the nickel with 14%~17.5%, 10%~14.5% chromium, 42.5%~45.5% chromium carbide and 25%~30% tungsten disulfide powder mix, and obtaining powder size is 200~300 purpose mixture of powders;
2, with bonding agent described mixture of powders is in harmonious proportion, is coated on the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy surface, baking is dry, forms and overlays coating;
3, the CO take power as 1.2~1.5kW
2The described coating that overlays of laser irradiation blows inert gas to avoid the bath surface oxidation to the molten bath simultaneously; Laser scanning speed is 4~7 mm/s;
4, adopt single track laser scanning or multi-track overlapping laser scanning, obtain continuous high-temperature wearable friction coat at titanium alloy surface.
Bonding agent of the present invention is for the methylcellulose of ether dissolution, or with the solid phenolic resin of ethanol dissolving, described solid phenolic resin is that phenol or formaldehyde polycondensation under the acidic catalyst effect obtain.
Principle of the present invention is: nichrome (NiCr) is as chromium carbide (Cr
3C
2) metal binding agent of ceramic phase, guarantee in use unlikely peeling off of work coating, and excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance and the obdurability more much higher than single ceramic material are provided.Chromium carbide (Cr
3C
2) as the hard wild phase, provide higher high temperature hardness, excellent high temeperature chemistry and structure stability and anti-wear performance.Tungsten disulfide (WS
2) as the lubricated fretting wear that effectively alleviates high-temperature wearable composite coating self and mating plate thereof mutually, increase substantially its high-temperature wearable life-span.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention mixes nickel, chromium, chromium carbide and tungsten disulfide powder according to a certain ratio; coating in the preparation of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy surface; Effective Raise the high-temperature wearable antifriction performance of titanium alloy surface; widen its application scope; the service life of elongated component is saved cost, protection of the environment.
2, the present invention adopts laser melting and coating technique, and coating structure is fine and close, porosity is lower; Crystal grain is tiny, macro-mechanical property is more excellent; Form metallurgical binding with matrix, bond strength is high; Heat affecting to base material is little, causes that the distortion of workpiece is little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is NiCr/Cr
3C
2Powder and the NiCr/Cr that obtains with mechanical mixing
3C
2-30%WS
2The SEM pattern photo comparison diagram of composite powder;
Fig. 2 is NiCr/Cr provided by the invention
3C
2-30%WS
2The microhardness curve map of coating;
Fig. 3 is laser cladding coating provided by the invention and the coefficient of friction curve map of matrix under different temperatures;
Fig. 4 is laser cladding coating provided by the invention and the wear rate curve map of matrix under different temperatures.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
1, by following percetage by weight mixed-powder: nickel (Ni): 15%, chromium (Cr): 12%, chromium carbide (Cr
3C
2): 43%, tungsten disulfide (WS
2): 30%.Obtain alloy powder mixture with mechanical mixing, powder size reaches 200~300 orders.
2, methylcellulose is dissolved in the ether as bonding agent, is in harmonious proportion with described mixture of powders, be coated in and form coating on titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) the surface on, and toast drying.
3, with power be the described coating that overlays of laser irradiation of 1.5 kW, blow inert gas to avoid the bath surface oxidation to the molten bath simultaneously; Described laser adopts CO
2Laser, rectangular light spot are of a size of 6 mm * 3 mm, and laser scanning speed is 4 mm/s.
4, according to titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) matrix size, adopt single track laser scanning or multi-track overlapping laser scanning can obtain continuous coating.
Embodiment two
1, by following percetage by weight mixed-powder: nickel (Ni): 15%, chromium (Cr): 12%, chromium carbide (Cr
3C
2): 43%, tungsten disulfide (WS
2): 30%.Obtain alloy powder mixture with mechanical mixing, powder size reaches 200~300 orders.
2, dissolve 2123 phenolic resin material as bonding agent with ethanol, described 2123 phenolic resins are phenol, the formaldehyde solid phenolic resin that polycondensation forms under the acidic catalyst effect.Bonding agent and mixture of powders are in harmonious proportion, are applied as coating on titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) surface, and baking is dry.
3, with power be the described coating that overlays of laser irradiation of 1.5 kW, blow inert gas to avoid the bath surface oxidation to the molten bath simultaneously; Described laser adopts CO
2Laser, rectangular light spot are of a size of 6 mm * 3 mm, and laser scanning speed is 4 mm/s.
4, according to titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) matrix size, adopt single track laser scanning or multi-track overlapping laser scanning can obtain continuous coating.
Embodiment three
1, by following percetage by weight mixed-powder: nickel (Ni): 15%, chromium (Cr): 12%, chromium carbide (Cr
3C
2): 43%, tungsten disulfide (WS
2): 30%.Obtain alloy powder mixture with mechanical mixing, powder size reaches 200~300 orders.
2, use the ether dissolution methylcellulose as bonding agent, be in harmonious proportion with described mixture of powders, be applied as coating on titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) surface, and baking is dry.
3, with power be the described coating that overlays of laser irradiation of 1.5 kW, blow inert gas to avoid the bath surface oxidation to the molten bath simultaneously; Described laser adopts CO
2Laser, circular light spot diameter are 3 mm, and laser scanning speed is 4 mm/s.
4, according to titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) matrix size, adopt single track laser scanning or multi-track overlapping laser scanning can obtain continuous coating.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, it is NiCr/Cr
3C
2Powder and the NiCr/Cr that obtains with mechanical mixing
3C
2-30%WS
2The SEM pattern photo figure of composite powder; A figure is NiCr/Cr
3C
2The pattern of powder, b figure are NiCr/Cr
3C
2-30%WS
2The pattern of composite powder, as seen from Figure 1: NiCr/Cr among a figure
3C
2Powder size is larger, is about 40-50 μ m, and the shape of powder is rule not, is approximately circular, distribution uniform; WS
2Powder belongs to hexagonal crystal system, layer structure, and the smaller 1 μ m that is about of powder size can find out from figure b, at the larger NiCr/Cr of granularity
3C
2The composite powder surface adhesion has the less WS of granularity
2Powder.
By the preparation-obtained composite coating of the embodiment of the invention 1~3 technical scheme, its tissue is mainly TiC, (Cr, W) C complicated carbide and a small amount of WS
2And CrS, cladding coating is organized relatively tiny even, and has good institutional framework and frictional behaviour.
Composite coating is tested, and the result is as follows:
1, micro-hardness testing
Test apparatus is the MH-5 microhardness testers, loaded load 300 g, and the time is 15 s.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2, it is the NiCr/Cr that adopts laser melting and coating process to obtain
3C
2-30%WS
2The microhardness curve map of coating, its microhardness is at 680~780 HV
0.3, average out to 735 HV
0.3, and the hardness of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy only has 288 HV
0.3, the hardness of coating is more than 2.5 times of matrix hardness, is indicating that coating has higher anti-wear performance.The concrete data of micro-hardness testing see Table 1.
The cross section microhardness value of table 1 laser cladding coating
2, friction and wear test
Adopt ball disc type high temperature friction and wear testing machine (HT-1000, Ke Kaihua in the Lanzhou), the friction pair part is the Si of diameter 6 mm
3N
4Ceramic Balls, hardness are 16 Gpa (approximately 1600 HV), and concrete test parameters sees Table 2.
Table 2 wear test parameter
Referring to accompanying drawing 3 and Fig. 4, they are respectively cladding coating and coefficient of friction and the wear rate of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy substrate under different temperatures that the embodiment of the invention provides.As shown in Figure 3, it is that rising with experimental temperature reduces that the coefficient of friction of titanium alloy substrate begins, but coefficient of frictions raise with experimental temperature on the contrary and increase after 300 ℃, and the coefficient of friction of coating to be rising with experimental temperature increase.But, no matter be room temperature (20 ℃), 300 ℃, 600 ℃, all much lower than Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy substrate, the WS in the laser cladding coating is described
2And important antifriction function has been brought into play in the CrS solid lubrication mutually.By Fig. 4 as can be known, no matter be room temperature (20 ℃), 300 ℃, 600 ℃, the wear rate of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy substrate is much larger than the wear rate of coating, 5.4 times of coating under the room temperature (20 ℃), 3.7 times of coating in the time of 300 ℃, be 1.6 times of coating in the time of 600 ℃, especially in the situation that room temperature and 300 ℃ are comparatively obvious, its concrete data see Table 3 and 4.
Table 3 matrix and the friction co-efficient value of coating under different probe temperatures
Table 4 matrix and the wear rate (10 of coating under different probe temperatures
-5Mm
3/ Nm)
By above data as can be known, laser cladding coating provided by the invention is at room temperature (20 ℃)~600 ℃ of properties of antifriction and wear resistance that have excellence.By the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy substrate is carried out surface modification, the above-mentioned high-temperature antifriction and wear resistant alloy powder of laser melting coating, can Effective Raise Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy substrate tribological property at high temperature, prolong the service life of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy parts, and widened its application in high temperature friction kinematic pair field.
Claims (4)
1. material that be used for to improve titanium alloy surface high-temperature wearable antifriction performance, it is characterized in that, it is powder composition, press mass percent, its composition is 14%~17.5% nickel, 10%~14.5% chromium, 42.5%~45.5% chromium carbide and 25%~30% tungsten disulfide, powder size is 200~300 orders.
2. a kind of material for improving titanium alloy surface high-temperature wearable antifriction performance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described powder composition is pressed mass percent, and its composition is 15% nickel, 12% chromium, 43% chromium carbide, 30% tungsten disulfide.
3. the application of a kind of material for improving titanium alloy surface high-temperature wearable antifriction performance as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) press mass percent, the nickel with 14%~17.5%, 10%~14.5% chromium, 42.5%~45.5% chromium carbide and 25%~30% tungsten disulfide powder mix, and obtaining powder size is 200~300 purpose mixture of powders;
(2) with bonding agent described mixture of powders is in harmonious proportion, is coated on the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy surface, baking is dry, forms and overlays coating;
(3) adopt laser melting and coating process, the CO take power as 1.2~1.5kW
2The described coating that overlays of laser irradiation blows inert gas to avoid the bath surface oxidation to the molten bath simultaneously; Laser scanning speed is 4~7 mm/s;
(4) adopt single track laser scanning or multi-track overlapping laser scanning, obtain continuous high-temperature wearable friction coat at titanium alloy surface.
4. the application of a kind of material for improving titanium alloy surface high-temperature wearable antifriction performance according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described bonding agent is the methylcellulose with ether dissolution, or with the solid phenolic resin of ethanol dissolving; Described solid phenolic resin is that phenol or formaldehyde polycondensation under the acidic catalyst effect obtain.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107338434A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-11-10 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | Wear-resisting composite coating of the spontaneous high-temperature self-lubrication of Laser Cladding in-situ and preparation method thereof |
CN110527869A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 沈阳大陆激光工程技术有限公司 | A kind of the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant phase material and its preparation process of laser manufacture guide ruler liner plate |
CN111074192A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-28 | 常州大学 | Ni bag MoS2Self-lubricating Cr3C2Preparation method of NiCr coating |
CN114606420A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-10 | 中广核三角洲(江苏)塑化有限公司 | Double-screw surface laser cladding material and method for improving efficiency of extruder |
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CN107338434A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-11-10 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | Wear-resisting composite coating of the spontaneous high-temperature self-lubrication of Laser Cladding in-situ and preparation method thereof |
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CN110527869B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-06-15 | 沈阳大陆激光工程技术有限公司 | Self-lubricating wear-resistant phase material for laser-manufactured guide ruler lining plate and preparation process thereof |
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CN114606420A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-10 | 中广核三角洲(江苏)塑化有限公司 | Double-screw surface laser cladding material and method for improving efficiency of extruder |
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Application publication date: 20130417 |