CN104087789A - Self-lubricating wear-resistant composite coating for titanium alloy surface and preparation method of self-lubricating wear-resistant composite coating - Google Patents
Self-lubricating wear-resistant composite coating for titanium alloy surface and preparation method of self-lubricating wear-resistant composite coating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a self-lubricating wear-resistant composite coating for a titanium alloy surface and a preparation method of the self-lubricating wear-resistant composite coating. The method comprises the following steps: mixing mixed alloy powder and a binding agent, and then coating on the titanium alloy surface to form a pre-paving coating, wherein the mixed alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 59-62% of nickel, 18.5-21% of chromium, 5-8% of boron, 6.5-10% of silicon and 3-7% of hexagonal boron nitride. The pre-paving coating is irradiated by adopting laser beams so as to obtain the self-lubricating wear-resistant composite coating. The mixed alloy powder comprises nickel, chromium, boron and silicon with the contents and can take an excellent anti-wear effect; and meanwhile, the mixed alloy powder comprises a proper amount of h-BN, thus the frictional wear of the coating and the frictional wear between the coating and a mating plate can be reduced, and the high-temperature wear-resistance service life of a titanium alloy can be significantly prolonged. The self-lubricating wear-resistant composite coating provided by the application adopts a laser cladding technology, ensures that a coating micro-structure is fine and compact and can be firmly combined with a titanium alloy matrix, and can be used for significantly improving the comprehensive mechanical performance of the titanium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to titanium alloy technical field, relates in particular to a kind of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The outstanding advantages such as titanium alloy has that density is low, specific tenacity is high, yield tensile ratio is high, corrosion resistance excellent and good biocompatibility, and compared with aluminium alloy, its mechanical behavior under high temperature excellence, therefore, in the fields such as aerospace, boats and ships, weapons, ocean, oil, chemical industry and biomedical engineering, be widely applied.But, titanium alloy also exist frictional coefficient greatly, easily adhere, be difficult for lubricating, wear no resistance and the shortcoming such as high-temperature oxidation resistance is poor, this is to the restriction to some extent to a certain extent of its range of application, especially seriously restricted titanium alloy as high temperature friction secondary motion component, such as the use of turbine blade and vent valve etc. as aircraft engine.
Because wearing and tearing originate from the surface of material or component; so; adopt suitable Surface Engineering means; prepare high rigidity and the good coating of wear resistance is improved its wear problem at titanium alloy surface, this has higher economy and feasibility undoubtedly, not only can widen its Application Areas and environment; as fields such as nuclear energy, military project and metallurgy; or the environment such as high speed, high temperature and heavy duty, and the work-ing life that can effectively improve material or component, be beneficial to cost-saving and environment protection.At present, the coating of most of titanium alloy surfaces can improve its hardness and wear resisting property as NiCrBSi alloy coat.
But, traditional composite coating material is hardness and the wear resisting property of single raising titanium alloy surface, act on and do not play antifriction (or being called compatible, the self-lubricating of friction), and aggravated under many circumstances the wearing and tearing of mating plate, this application to titanium alloy still has adverse influence.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the application provides a kind of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface and preparation method thereof, and the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating that the application provides can improve high-temperature wearable and the antifriction performance of titanium alloy surface, is beneficial to and widens its range of application.
The application provides a kind of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface, is made at titanium alloy surface by hybrid alloys powder through laser melting coating, and described hybrid alloys powder comprises:
The nickel of 59wt%～62wt%;
The chromium of 18.5wt%～21wt%;
The boron of 5wt%～8wt%;
The silicon of 6.5wt%～10wt%; With
The hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%.
Preferably, described hybrid alloys powder comprises the nickel of 60wt%.
Preferably, described hybrid alloys powder comprises the hexagonal boron nitride of 4wt%～6wt%.
Preferably, the granularity of described hexagonal boron nitride is 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m.
Preferably, described titanium alloy surface is Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface.
The application provides a kind of preparation method of the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface, comprises the following steps:
By being coated on titanium alloy surface after hybrid alloys powder and binding agent mixing, form and overlay coating, described hybrid alloys powder comprises:
The nickel of 59wt%～62wt%;
The chromium of 18.5wt%～21wt%;
The boron of 5wt%～8wt%;
The silicon of 6.5wt%～10wt%; With
The hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%;
Described in employing laser beam irradiation, overlay coating, obtain the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface.
Preferably, the power of described laser beam is 1200W～1500W; The sweep velocity of described laser beam is 2mm/s～6mm/s; Described laser beam is of a size of 4mm (length) × 3mm (wide).
Preferably, described binding agent is methylcellulose gum.
Compared with prior art, the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating that the application provides is for titanium alloy surface, and it is made by laser melting coating by hybrid alloys powder, and described hybrid alloys powder comprises: the nickel of 59wt%～62wt%; The chromium of 18.5wt%～21wt%; The boron of 5wt%～8wt%; The silicon of 6.5wt%～10wt%; And the hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%.In this application, described hybrid alloys powder comprises nickel, chromium, boron and the silicon of above-mentioned certain content, has very high intensity, hardness and fusing point and fabulous thermostability, can be used as the wild phase of abrasion-resistant coating material, plays excellent wear-resistant effect; And, described hybrid alloys powder comprises the hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%, appropriate hexagonal boron nitride can be used as the lubricated phase of described abrasion-resistant coating material, effectively alleviates coating self and the frictional wear with mating plate thereof, thereby increases substantially the high-temperature wearable life-span of titanium alloy.In addition, compare the precious metals such as silver, hexagonal boron nitride low price, cost performance is high.
The application also provides a kind of preparation method of the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface, and it adopts laser melting and coating technique, and above-mentioned hybrid alloys powder has been made to self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating on titanium alloy surface.In this application, metal laser melting and coating technique has that energy input density is high, heating and cooling speed is fast, the outstanding features such as the low and thermal distortion of thinning ratio is little, can obtain fine microstructures densification and be the coated material of firm metallurgical binding with titanium alloy substrate, thereby significantly improve the comprehensive mechanical property of titanium alloy material.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be provided according to the accompanying drawing providing.
Fig. 1 is the electromicroscopic photograph of hexagonal boron nitride powder;
The electromicroscopic photograph of the Ni60-5%h-BN hybrid alloys powder that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application 5;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present application 5, coating that comparative example 1 provides and the microhardness curve of titanium alloy-based surface;
Coating and the titanium alloy-based surface frictional coefficient under differing temps that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present application 5, comparative example 1;
Coating and the titanium alloy-based surface wear rate under differing temps that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present application 5, comparative example 1;
Fig. 6 is the electromicroscopic photograph of titanium alloy-based surface after wearing and tearing;
Electromicroscopic photograph after the coating abrasion that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present application 5.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the application's protection.
The application provides a kind of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface, is made at titanium alloy surface by hybrid alloys powder through laser melting coating, and described hybrid alloys powder comprises:
The nickel of 59wt%～62wt%;
The chromium of 18.5wt%～21wt%;
The boron of 5wt%～8wt%;
The silicon of 6.5wt%～10wt%; With
The hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%.
The shortcoming existing for overcoming traditional composite coating material; the application provides a kind of titanium alloy surface self-lubricating wear-resisting composite coating material; be intended to improve the high-temperature wearable antifriction performance of titanium alloy surface; thereby widen titanium alloy as the Application Areas scope of Ti6Al4V etc.; the service life of elongated component, is beneficial to cost-saving and protection of the environment.
The self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating that the application provides is for titanium alloy surface, and it at titanium alloy surface, utilizes laser cladding method to make by the hybrid alloys powder that comprises nickel, chromium, boron, silicon and hexagonal boron nitride.Described titanium alloy is alloy material well known to those skilled in the art, and the application preferably applies described self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating at Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface.
In this application, the hybrid alloys powder of preparing described self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating comprises the nickel (Ni) of 59wt%～62wt%, preferably includes the nickel of 60wt%.The granularity of described nickel is preferably 15 μ m～45 μ m, more preferably 20 μ m～40 μ m.
Described hybrid alloys powder comprises the chromium (Cr) of 18.5wt%～21wt%, preferably includes the chromium of 19wt%～20wt%.The granularity of described chromium is preferably 15 μ m～45 μ m, more preferably 20 μ m～40 μ m.
Described hybrid alloys powder comprises the boron (B) of 5wt%～8wt%, preferably includes the boron of 6wt%～7wt%, more preferably comprises the boron of 6.5wt%.The granularity of described boron is preferably 15 μ m～45 μ m, more preferably 20 μ m～40 μ m.
Described hybrid alloys powder comprises the silicon (Si) of 6.5wt%～10wt%, preferably includes the silicon of 8wt%～9wt%, more preferably comprises the silicon of 8.5wt%.The granularity of described silicon is preferably 15 μ m～45 μ m, more preferably 20 μ m～40 μ m.
Except above-mentioned these elements, described hybrid alloys powder preferably also comprises impurity element, as one or more in the elements such as C, Fe and Co.In the application's a embodiment, described hybrid alloys powder comprises Ni60 powdered alloy.
In this application, described hybrid alloys powder comprises nickel, chromium, boron and the silicon of above-mentioned certain content, has very high intensity, hardness and fusing point and fabulous thermostability, can be used as the wild phase of abrasion-resistant coating material, plays excellent wear-resistant effect.
And described hybrid alloys powder comprises the hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) of 3wt%～7wt%, preferably include the hexagonal boron nitride of 4wt%～6wt%, more preferably comprise 5% hexagonal boron nitride.The granularity of described hexagonal boron nitride is preferably 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m, more preferably 0.5 μ m～1.2 μ m.In the application's a embodiment, described hybrid alloys powder comprises the nickel of 60wt%, the chromium of 20wt%, boron, the silicon of 8.5wt% and the hexagonal boron nitride of 5wt% of 6.5wt%, and effect is better.
Hexagonal boron nitride is commonly called as white graphite, and density is 2.27g/cm
3, be a kind of high performance inorganic ceramic powder, its powder morphology can be referring to Fig. 1, the electromicroscopic photograph that Fig. 1 is hexagonal boron nitride powder.Hexagonal boron nitride has laminate structure, and its crystal is hexagonal system, and because its Van der Waals force is between layers less, shearing force is less, and therefore hexagonal boron nitride has lower frictional coefficient, can play good antifriction function.Meanwhile, hexagonal boron nitride also has the good feature such as chemical stability and high thermal conductivity, and especially high temperature lubricating is good, high temperature resistant 2000 DEG C of energy.
The application adds appropriate hexagonal boron nitride in described hybrid alloys powder, and the lubricated phase that it can be used as described abrasion-resistant coating material alleviates coating self and the frictional wear with mating plate thereof effectively, thereby increases substantially the high-temperature wearable life-span of titanium alloy.In addition, hexagonal boron nitride is compared silver and is waited precious metal low price, and cost performance is high.
The application is not particularly limited the source of described hybrid alloys powder, preferably according to above-mentioned massfraction, nickel, chromium, boron, silicon and hexagonal boron nitride is mixed by mechanical ball milling method, then dries, and obtains hybrid alloys powder.
Described in the application, self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating, taking above-mentioned hybrid alloys powder as raw material, adopts the method for laser melting coating to make.In this application, metal laser melting and coating technique has that energy input density is high, heating and cooling speed is fast, the outstanding features such as the low and thermal distortion of thinning ratio is little, can obtain fine microstructures densification and be the coated material of firm metallurgical binding with titanium alloy substrate, thereby significantly improve the comprehensive mechanical property of titanium alloy material.
Accordingly, the application provides a kind of preparation method of the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface, comprises the following steps:
By being coated on titanium alloy surface after hybrid alloys powder and binding agent mixing, form and overlay coating, described hybrid alloys powder comprises:
The nickel of 59wt%～62wt%;
The chromium of 18.5wt%～21wt%;
The boron of 5wt%～8wt%;
The silicon of 6.5wt%～10wt%; With
The hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%;
Described in employing laser beam irradiation, overlay coating, obtain the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface.
The application utilizes laser melting and coating technique, add hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), prepare a kind of from thering is the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant composite coating material of good self-lubricating property in the broad temperature range of room temperature to 600 DEG C, by its at titanium alloy as surface applications such as Ti6Al4V, can improve the high-temperature wearable antifriction performance of titanium alloy surface, thereby widen its Application Areas scope, the service life of elongated component, is beneficial to cost-saving and environmental protection.
First the embodiment of the present application uses tackiness agent, mixes with hybrid alloys powder, reconciles into pasty mixture; Then apply at titanium alloy surface, and dry, form and overlay coating; Described hybrid alloys powder comprises: the nickel of 59wt%～62wt%; The chromium of 18.5wt%～21wt%; The boron of 5wt%～8wt%; The silicon of 6.5wt%～10wt%; And the hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%.
In this application, the component content of described hybrid alloys powder is consistent with component content mentioned above, does not repeat them here.The application is not particularly limited the source of described hybrid alloys powder, preferably according to above-mentioned massfraction, nickel, chromium, boron, silicon and hexagonal boron nitride is mixed by mechanical ball milling method, then dries, and obtains hybrid alloys powder.
In this application, the effect of described binding agent is, by described hybrid alloys powder bonded at titanium alloy surface.The application is not particularly limited the kind of described binding agent, is preferably methylcellulose gum.The matrix surface of the application taking titanium alloy surface as coating, it is preferably Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface.
The application is preferably dissolved in binding agent in organic solvent, obtains binder solution, and described organic solvent includes but not limited to ether solvent and alcoholic solvent, is preferably ether.Then, the embodiment of the present application adds described hybrid alloys powder in described binder solution, stirs and reconciles into pasty state, applies at titanium alloy surface, obtains overlaying coating after oven dry.The application is not particularly limited the consumption of described binding agent and organic solvent, can reconcile into pasty state.The application is not particularly limited the method for described coating, adopts blade coating mode well known to those skilled in the art.The application is not particularly limited the method for described oven dry, adopts method well known to those skilled in the art.
Obtain overlaying after coating, the application adopts described in laser beam irradiation and overlays coating, obtains the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface.
In this application, the power of described laser beam is preferably 1.2kW～1.5kW; The length of described laser beam is preferably 3mm～8mm, more preferably 4mm～6mm; The width of described laser beam is preferably 1mm～5mm, more preferably 2mm～3mm; In the application's a embodiment, the size of described laser beam or size are 4mm (length) × 3mm (wide).
The sweep velocity of described laser beam is preferably 2mm/s～6mm/s, more preferably 3mm/s～5mm/s; In the application's a embodiment, laser generator is German DLS-980.10-3000C semiconductor laser.In this application, can be according to the required size of coating, adopt the mode of single track laser scanning or multi-track overlapping laser scanning to carry out irradiation.
Obtain after self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating, the application adopts MH-5 microhardness tester, and the microhardness of described coating is tested, and test condition is: loaded load is 200g, and the test duration is 15s.The application respectively under 20 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 600 DEG C conditions, to described coating rub, polishing machine test, wherein, wearing test parameter is respectively:
Load: 500g;
Wearing-in period: 30min;
Wearing and tearing radius: 1.5mm;
Wearing and tearing linear velocity: 13.56mm/min;
To grinding part: silicon nitride ceramic ball, radius is 2mm, hardness is 16GPa.
Experimental result shows, with titanium alloy surface, do not add compared with the wear-resistant coating of hexagonal boron nitride, the frictional coefficient of the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating that the application provides is little, and wear rate is low.
To sum up, the application adopts laser melting coating, adds appropriate hexagonal boron nitride, and the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating making has excellent properties of antifriction and wear resistance in the scope of room temperature to 600 DEG C.By titanium alloy substrate being carried out to the surface modification of described self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating, can effectively improve titanium alloy substrate tribological property at high temperature, thereby extend the service life of titanium alloy kinematic pair component, and can widen titanium alloy application under high-temperature service environment as kinematic pair component.
In order to further illustrate the application, self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface the application being provided below in conjunction with embodiment and preparation method thereof is described in detail, but they can not be interpreted as to the restriction to the application's protection domain.
In following examples, laser transmitter is German DLS-980.10-3000C semiconductor laser.
Embodiment 1
Nickel, the 20wt% granularity that is 15 μ m～45 μ m by 60wt% granularity is that chromium, the 6.5wt% granularity of 15 μ m～45 μ m is that boron, the 8.5wt% granularity of 15 μ m～45 μ m is that 15 silicon of μ m～45 μ m and the granularity of 5wt% are the hexagonal boron nitride of 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m, after adopting mechanical ball milling method to mix and dry, obtain hybrid alloys powder;
Methylcellulose gum is dissolved in ether, adds described hybrid alloys powder to reconcile into pasty state, apply at Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface, after oven dry, obtain overlaying coating;
Described in the laser beam flying irradiation that employing power is 1.2kW, overlay coating, obtain the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface; Wherein, the size of described laser beam is long 4mm, wide 3mm, and sweep velocity is 2mm/s.
Embodiment 2
Nickel, the 20wt% granularity that is 15 μ m～45 μ m by 60wt% granularity is that chromium, the 6.5wt% granularity of 15 μ m～45 μ m is that boron, the 8.5wt% granularity of 15 μ m～45 μ m is that 15 silicon of μ m～45 μ m and the granularity of 5wt% are the hexagonal boron nitride of 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m, after adopting mechanical ball milling method to mix and dry, obtain hybrid alloys powder;
Methylcellulose gum is dissolved in ether, adds described hybrid alloys powder to reconcile into pasty state, apply at Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface, after oven dry, obtain overlaying coating;
Described in the laser beam flying irradiation that employing power is 1.2kW, overlay coating, obtain the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface; Wherein, the size of described laser beam is long 4mm, wide 3mm, and sweep velocity is 3mm/s.
Embodiment 3
Nickel, the 20wt% granularity that is 15 μ m～45 μ m by 60wt% granularity is that chromium, the 6.5wt% granularity of 15 μ m～45 μ m is that boron, the 8.5wt% granularity of 15 μ m～45 μ m is that 15 silicon of μ m～45 μ m and the granularity of 5wt% are the hexagonal boron nitride of 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m, after adopting mechanical ball milling method to mix and dry, obtain hybrid alloys powder;
Methylcellulose gum is dissolved in ether, adds described hybrid alloys powder to reconcile into pasty state, apply at Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface, after oven dry, obtain overlaying coating;
Described in the laser beam flying irradiation that employing power is 1.5kW, overlay coating, obtain the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface; Wherein, the size of described laser beam is long 4mm, wide 3mm, and sweep velocity is 5mm/s.
Embodiment 4
Nickel, the 20wt% granularity that is 15 μ m～45 μ m by 60wt% granularity is that chromium, the 6.5wt% granularity of 15 μ m～45 μ m is that boron, the 8.5wt% granularity of 15 μ m～45 μ m is that 15 silicon of μ m～45 μ m and the granularity of 5wt% are the hexagonal boron nitride of 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m, after adopting mechanical ball milling method to mix and dry, obtain hybrid alloys powder;
Methylcellulose gum is dissolved in ether, adds described hybrid alloys powder to reconcile into pasty state, apply at Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface, after oven dry, obtain overlaying coating;
Described in the laser beam flying irradiation that employing power is 1.5kW, overlay coating, obtain the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface; Wherein, the size of described laser beam is long 4mm, wide 3mm, and sweep velocity is 6mm/s.
Embodiment 5
Be that the 15 Ni60 powdered alloys of μ m～45 μ m and the granularity of 5wt% are the hexagonal boron nitride of 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m by 95wt% granularity, after adopting mechanical ball milling method to mix and dry, obtain hybrid alloys powder, it is Ni60-5%h-BN hybrid alloys powder, its pattern as shown in Figure 2, the electromicroscopic photograph of the Ni60-5%h-BN hybrid alloys powder that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application 5.Described Ni60 powdered alloy is provided by metallic substance institute of Beijing Mine and Metallurgy General Inst, and wherein, the massfraction of each composition is: C0.9%, B3.3%, Si4.5%, Cr16%, Fe≤8.0, Ni all the other.
Methylcellulose gum is dissolved in ether, adds described hybrid alloys powder to reconcile into pasty state, apply at Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface, after oven dry, obtain overlaying coating;
Described in the laser beam flying irradiation that employing power is 1.4kW, overlay coating, obtain the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating (being called Ni60-5%h-BN coating) for titanium alloy surface; Wherein, the size of described laser beam is long 4mm, wide 3mm, and sweep velocity is 4mm/s.
According to method mentioned above, the microhardness of described coating and titanium alloy-based surface is tested.Result is referring to Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present application 5, coating that comparative example 1 provides and the microhardness curve of titanium alloy-based surface.
According to method mentioned above, to described coating and titanium alloy-based surface rub, polishing machine test.Result is referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, coating and the titanium alloy-based surface frictional coefficient under differing temps that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present application 5, comparative example 1, coating and the titanium alloy-based surface wear rate under differing temps that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present application 5, comparative example 1.
After the wear testing of 600 DEG C, the present embodiment adopts scanning electron microscope, observes the wear morphology of described coating and titanium alloy-based surface.Result is referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, and Fig. 6 is the electromicroscopic photographs of titanium alloy-based surface after wearing and tearing, the electromicroscopic photograph after the coating abrasion that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present application 5.
As seen from Figure 6, titanium alloy wear surface has ditch dug with a plow and a small amount of abrasive dust, according to the EDS interpretation of result of abrasive dust, contains oxygen element in abrasive dust, illustrates that, in the time of 600 DEG C, the abrasion mechanism of titanium alloy is abrasive wear and oxidative wear.As seen from Figure 7, the wear surface of Ni60-5%h-BN coating abrasion surface ratio titanium alloy is more smooth, there are some abrasive dusts and a small amount of more shallow pit at its wear surface, according to the EDS interpretation of result of abrasive dust, in abrasive dust, contain oxygen element, illustrate that, in the time of 600 DEG C, the abrasion mechanism of Ni60-5%h-BN coating is oxidative wear and adhesive wear.
Comparative example 1
Methylcellulose gum is dissolved in ether, and adding granularity is the Ni60 powdered alloy (source, composition identical with embodiment 5) of 15 μ m～45 μ m, reconciles into pasty state, applies at Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface, obtains overlaying coating after oven dry;
Described in the laser beam flying irradiation that employing power is 1.4kW, overlay coating, obtain the wear-resistant coating (being called Ni60 coating) for titanium alloy surface; Wherein, the size of described laser beam is long 4mm, wide 3mm, and sweep velocity is 4mm/s.
According to method mentioned above, the microhardness of described coating to be tested, result is referring to Fig. 3.As shown in Figure 3, the average microhardness of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface, Ni60 coating and Ni60-5%h-BN coating is respectively 360HV
0.2, 1005.23HV
0.2and 1013.75HV
0.2, the microhardness of two coatings is approximately 3 times of titanium alloy substrate, shows that these two coatings all have good wear resisting property, the average microhardness of Ni60-5%h-BN coating is slightly high.
According to method mentioned above, to described coating rub, polishing machine test, result is referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.Can obviously find out from Fig. 4, at 20 DEG C, 300 DEG C and 600 DEG C, the frictional coefficient of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface is respectively 0.301,0.265 and 0.222; The frictional coefficient of Ni60 coating is respectively 0.283,0.254 and 0.21; The frictional coefficient of Ni60-5%h-BN coating is respectively 0.244,0.177 and 0.148.Result shows, the not obvious variation of the frictional coefficient of Ni60 coating and titanium alloy surface, and therefore Ni60 coating does not have antifriction function.The frictional coefficient of Ni60-5%h-BN coating is than the obvious minimizing of titanium alloy surface, and therefore Ni60-5%h-BN coating has shown excellent antifriction function within the scope of room temperature to 600 DEG C.
As can be seen from Figure 5, at 20 DEG C, 300 DEG C and 600 DEG C, the wear rate of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface is respectively 42.3mm
3/ N.m, 17.2mm
3/ N.m and 9.8mm
3/ N.m; The wear rate of Ni60 coating is respectively 2.52mm
3/ N.m, 3.15mm
3/ N.m and 6.54mm
3/ N.m; The wear rate of Ni60-5%h-BN coating is respectively 1.13mm
3/ N.m, 1.19mm
3/ N.m and 2.25mm
3/ N.m.Result shows, the wear rate of two kinds of coatings is all lower than titanium alloy surface; Wherein, the wear rate of Ni60-5%h-BN coating in the time of normal temperature to 600 DEG C is all lower than the wear rate of Ni60 coating, and the self-lubricating effect of Ni60-5%h-BN coating is obvious especially in the time of normal temperature.Therefore, Ni60-5%h-BN coating all has obvious properties of antifriction and wear resistance in the broad range of room temperature to 600 DEG C.
Comparative example 2
The Ni60 powdered alloy (source, composition identical with embodiment 5) and the granularity of 15wt% that are 15 μ m～45 μ m by 85wt% granularity are the hexagonal boron nitride of 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m, after adopting mechanical ball milling method to mix and dry, obtain hybrid alloys powder.
Methylcellulose gum is dissolved in ether, adds described hybrid alloys powder to reconcile into pasty state, apply at Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface, after oven dry, obtain overlaying coating;
Described in the laser beam flying irradiation that employing power is 1.4kW, overlay coating, the severity of splashing when laser melting coating, does not have to form the coating that can analyze; Wherein, the size of described laser beam is long 4mm, wide 3mm, and sweep velocity is 4mm/s.
Comparative example 3
The Ni60 powdered alloy (source, composition identical with embodiment 5) and the granularity of 2wt% that are 15 μ m～45 μ m by 98wt% granularity are the hexagonal boron nitride of 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m, after adopting mechanical ball milling method to mix and dry, obtain hybrid alloys powder.
Methylcellulose gum is dissolved in ether, adds described hybrid alloys powder to reconcile into pasty state, apply at Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface, after oven dry, obtain overlaying coating;
Described in the laser beam flying irradiation that employing power is 1.4kW, overlay coating, obtain the coating (being called Ni60-2%h-BN coating) for titanium alloy surface; Wherein, the size of described laser beam is long 4mm, wide 3mm, and sweep velocity is 4mm/s.
According to method mentioned above, microhardness and friction and wear behavior to described coating are tested.Result shows, the unobvious difference of the result of average microhardness, frictional coefficient and the wear rate of Ni60-2%h-BN coating and Ni60 coating.
From comparative example 2 and 3, add too much hexagonal boron nitride, can not form laser cladding coating; Add very few hexagonal boron nitride, can not play advantageous effect.This is that wetting angle is large because the wettability of h-BN and titanium alloy substrate is poor, and the severity of splashing when addition is many cannot enter coating, cannot play very little its due effect.
As seen from the above embodiment, the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating that the application provides is for titanium alloy surface, and it is made by laser melting coating by hybrid alloys powder, and described hybrid alloys powder comprises: the nickel of 59wt%～62wt%; The chromium of 18.5wt%～21wt%; The boron of 5wt%～8wt%; The silicon of 6.5wt%～10wt%; And the hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%.The application adds appropriate hexagonal boron nitride, can be used as the lubricated phase of described abrasion-resistant coating material, effectively alleviates coating self and the frictional wear with mating plate thereof, thereby increases substantially the high-temperature wearable life-span of titanium alloy.In addition, compare the precious metals such as silver, hexagonal boron nitride low price, cost performance is high.
And the application adopts laser melting and coating technique, above-mentioned hybrid alloys powder is made to self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating on titanium alloy surface.The preparation method that the application provides can obtain fine microstructures densification and be the coated material of firm metallurgical binding with titanium alloy substrate, thereby significantly improves the comprehensive mechanical property of titanium alloy material.Meanwhile, the preparation method that the application provides is simple and easy to operate, is suitable for promoting.
Claims (8)
1. for a self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface, made at titanium alloy surface by hybrid alloys powder through laser melting coating, described hybrid alloys powder comprises:
The nickel of 59wt%～62wt%;
The chromium of 18.5wt%～21wt%;
The boron of 5wt%～8wt%;
The silicon of 6.5wt%～10wt%; With
The hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%.
2. self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described hybrid alloys powder comprises the nickel of 60wt%.
3. self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described hybrid alloys powder comprises the hexagonal boron nitride of 4wt%～6wt%.
4. self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the granularity of described hexagonal boron nitride is 0.2 μ m～1.5 μ m.
5. self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described titanium alloy surface is Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface.
6. for a preparation method for the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating of titanium alloy surface, comprise the following steps:
By being coated on titanium alloy surface after hybrid alloys powder and binding agent mixing, form and overlay coating, described hybrid alloys powder comprises:
The nickel of 59wt%～62wt%;
The chromium of 18.5wt%～21wt%;
The boron of 5wt%～8wt%;
The silicon of 6.5wt%～10wt%; With
The hexagonal boron nitride of 3wt%～7wt%;
Described in employing laser beam irradiation, overlay coating, obtain the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant compound coating for titanium alloy surface.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the power of described laser beam is 1200W～1500W; The sweep velocity of described laser beam is 2mm/s～6mm/s; Described laser beam is of a size of 4mm (length) × 3mm (wide).
8. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described binding agent is methylcellulose gum.
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