CN103038620A - Fault diagnosis device for rolling bearing - Google Patents
Fault diagnosis device for rolling bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103038620A CN103038620A CN2011800370427A CN201180037042A CN103038620A CN 103038620 A CN103038620 A CN 103038620A CN 2011800370427 A CN2011800370427 A CN 2011800370427A CN 201180037042 A CN201180037042 A CN 201180037042A CN 103038620 A CN103038620 A CN 103038620A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
Abstract
A fault diagnosis device is provided with: a sensor for measuring the oscillations of a rolling bearing; and a processing unit for diagnosing a rolling bearing fault on the basis of an oscillation waveform measured by using the sensor. The processing unit includes a conversion unit and a diagnosis unit. The conversion unit converts a pulse waveform (k1), which periodically appears in the oscillation waveform due to the rolling bearing fault, into an inverted sawtooth waveform (k2) which has a constant signal width that is greater than the envelope of each pulse waveform. The diagnosis unit diagnoses the rolling bearing fault on the basis of the inverted sawtooth waveform (k2).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing and the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of gear, thereby particularly by measuring vibration that rolling bearing or gear produce when rotated or sound to the flaw of rolling bearing or the technology that the hypodontia etc. of unusual, gear is diagnosed unusually such as peeling off.
Background technology
As to the flaw that produces in the rolling bearing or the method for unusually diagnosing such as peel off, known have a following method: utilize vibration transducer or microphone to measure vibration or sound that rolling bearing produces when rotated, generate the envelope waveform (envelope) of this signal that determines, and estimate it is carried out frequency analysis and the peak level (for example with reference to Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2000-146762 communique (patent documentation 1), Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2001-21453 communique (patent documentation 2)) of the frequency spectrum that obtains.
In addition, about generating the method for envelope waveform, known have a method that generates envelope waveform by application of low-pass filters (LPF) after the absolute value detection, also extensively is loaded into commercially available measuring equipment.
The prior art document
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2000-146762 communique
Patent documentation 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2001-21453 communique
Summary of the invention
Because the flaw that produces in the rolling bearing or peel off etc. periodically produces pulse type and vibrates when rolling bearing rotate.The width (pulse width) of the pulse type waveform that produces because of this flaw or peel off etc. is mostly narrower, is several milliseconds～tens of milliseconds, and its signal power is very little.Therefore, especially in the less situation of flaw or the degree peeled off, envelope waveform is carried out frequency analysis and the peak level of the frequency spectrum that obtains is lower, can't obtain sometimes enough S/N ratios.
In addition, because of flaw or the pulse width of the pulse type waveform that defective produces such as peeling off can change according to the shape of defective.Herein, the peak level of frequency spectrum is substantially proportional with amplitude, the pulse width of pulse type waveform, and when pulse width changed, the peak level of frequency spectrum also changed.Thereby, because the difference of defect shape causes the peak level of frequency spectrum that deviation is arranged, consequently, might carry out misinterpretation to abnormity diagnosis.
In addition, this problem can generally be applicable to periodically produce because of abnormal the equipment of pulse type vibration, for example, when producing the defective such as hypodontia in gear, also can produce same problem.
Thereby the present invention finishes in order to address the above problem, its purpose be to provide a kind of can high sensitivity and correctly diagnose flaw or the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the unusual rolling bearing of rolling bearing such as peel off.
In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can high sensitivity and correctly diagnose the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the unusual gear of the hypodontia etc. of gear.
According to the present invention, the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing comprises: sensor, and this sensor is used for measuring the vibration of rolling bearing; And handling part, this handling part is used for based on vibrational waveform, and to unusually diagnosing of rolling bearing, this vibrational waveform utilizes sensor to measure.Handling part comprises transformation component and diagnosis section.Transformation component will be the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth because of the unusual pulse type waveform transformation that periodically occurs in vibrational waveform of rolling bearing, and the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of this reverse sawtooth wants wide and fixing than the envelope (envelope waveform) of each pulse type waveform.Diagnosis section is based on the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth, to unusually diagnosing of rolling bearing.
Be preferably, transformation component comprises the rectification part and the envelope detection section with official hour constant of vibrational waveform being carried out rectification.The envelope detection section receives the output of rectification part.Time constant is set for so that produce diagonal clipping (being also referred to as " distortion of cutting sth. askew ") in the output waveform of envelope detection section.Oppositely the wavy waveform of sawtooth is the waveform that produces diagonal clipping in the output waveform of envelope detection section.
More preferably, time constant is set as 0.1～2.0 times of generation cycle of pulse type waveform.
Be preferably, rectification part and envelope detection section are made of Analogical Electronics, and this Analogical Electronics comprises the rectification circuit corresponding with rectification part, forms resistor and the capacitor of envelope detection section.
More preferably, resistor is the variohm that can change resistance value.And, by adjusting the resistance value of variohm, come the setting-up time constant.
More preferably, the resistance value of adjusting variohm based on specification and the rotating speed of rolling bearing.
In addition, be preferably, handling part also comprises A/D converter.The A/D converter in the future analog signal conversion of autobiography sensor is digital signal, and outputs to transformation component.Rectification part and envelope detection section are processed by the software that moves according to pre-prepd program and are consisted of.
More preferably, the envelope detection section has the adjustment parameter for the setting-up time constant.
More preferably, specification and the rotating speed based on rolling bearing automatically adjusts adjusting parameter.
Be preferably, rectification part comprises full-wave rectifying circuit.
In addition, be preferably, rectification part comprises half-wave rectifying circuit.
Be preferably, handling part also comprises frequency analysis section.Frequency analysis section exports the frequency spectrum of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth.Diagnosis section is based on the peak level of frequency spectrum, to unusually diagnosing of rolling bearing.
In addition, be preferably, handling part also comprises the effective value operational part.The effective value operational part is exported the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth.Diagnosis section is based on the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth, to unusually diagnosing of rolling bearing.
Be preferably, sensor comprises any sensor in acceleration transducer, speed pickup and the displacement transducer.
In addition, be preferably the microphone of the rattle of sensor inclusion test rolling bearing.
In addition, be preferably the torque sensor of the torque of sensor inclusion test rolling bearing.
In addition, according to the present invention, the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of gear comprises: sensor, and this sensor is used for measuring the vibration of gear; And handling part, this handling part is used for based on vibrational waveform, and to unusually diagnosing of gear, this vibrational waveform utilizes sensor to measure.Handling part comprises transformation component and diagnosis section.Transformation component will be the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth because of the unusual pulse type waveform transformation that periodically occurs in vibrational waveform of rolling bearing, and the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of this reverse sawtooth wants wide and fixing than the envelope (envelope waveform) of each pulse type waveform.Diagnosis section is based on the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth, to unusually diagnosing of gear.
In the present invention, to be the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth because of the unusual pulse type waveform transformation that periodically occurs in vibrational waveform of rolling bearing or gear, the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of this reverse sawtooth wants wide and fixing than the envelope (envelope waveform) of each pulse type waveform.The wavy waveform of this reverse sawtooth should avoided as diagonal clipping in the past, but in the present invention, actively applied flexibly this distortion.
That is, because it is wider than envelope waveform to utilize transformation component to carry out the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth after the conversion, therefore, it is large that signal power is wanted.Thus, carry out frequency analysis and the peak level of the frequency spectrum that obtains uprises, S/N improves than (signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)).
In addition, because oppositely the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of sawtooth is fixed, therefore, the peak level of frequency spectrum only is subject to the impact of the amplitude (pulse height) of pulse type waveform, and is not subjected to the impact of the pulse width of pulse type waveform.That is, the peak level of frequency spectrum only is subjected to the impact of defect size, and is not subjected to the impact of defect shape.Thus, can reduce the deviation of the spectrum peak level that the difference because of defect shape causes.
Thereby, according to the present invention, can high sensitivity and correctly diagnose flaw or peel off the gears such as unusual, hypodontia that wait rolling bearing unusually.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram in the structure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the related rolling bearing of function expression embodiments of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of transformation component shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the ratio in expression time constant and the generation cycle of pulse type waveform and the reverse figure of the relation of the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of sawtooth.
Fig. 4 is that expression is from the figure of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth of transformation component output.
Fig. 5 is the figure of the existing envelope waveform of expression.
Fig. 6 is the figure of the frequency spectrum of the expression wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 7 is the figure of the frequency spectrum of expression envelope waveform shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 8 is the figure of the variation of the pulse type waveform different with respect to pulse width of the peak level in the frequency spectrum of expression reverse sawtooth wavy waveform.
Fig. 9 is the figure of the variation of the peak level pulse type waveform different with respect to pulse width in the frequency spectrum of the existing envelope waveform of expression.
Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of the transformation component in the variation of embodiment 1.
Figure 11 is the block diagram in the structure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the related rolling bearing of function expression embodiment 2.
Figure 12 is for envelope detection section shown in Figure 11 process flow diagram by the treatment step of software execution is described.
Figure 13 is the block diagram in the structure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the related rolling bearing of function expression embodiment 3.
Figure 14 is the circuit diagram of effective value calculating part shown in Figure 13.
Figure 15 is the block diagram of structure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of expression gear.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the present invention in detail.In addition, for part mark same numeral, no longer repeat specification identical or suitable among the figure.
[embodiment 1]
Fig. 1 is the block diagram in the structure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the related rolling bearing of function expression embodiments of the present invention 1.With reference to Fig. 1, apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality involving vibrations sensor 20 and signal processing part 30.
The pulse type waveform transformation that transformation component 36 will periodically occur from the vibrational waveform of bandpass filter 34 outputs is the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth, and the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of this reverse sawtooth wants wide and fixing than the envelope (envelope waveform) of this pulse type waveform.More specifically, transformation component 36 comprises rectification part 38 and envelope detection section 40.Rectification part 38 will be absolute value from the vibrational waveform rectification of bandpass filter 34 outputs.Envelope detection section 40 receives the output of rectification part 38, has the official hour constant.
Herein, the time constant of envelope detection section 40 is set for so that produce diagonal clipping (diagonal clipping distortion) in the output waveform of envelope detection section 40.So-called diagonal clipping refers to the distortion that the inclination of the envelope that the rake ratio of negative edge of output waveform is original will relax, and generally speaking, should avoid diagonal clipping, but in present embodiment 1, actively apply flexibly this diagonal clipping.Then, 40 outputs of envelope detection section make the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth after the envelope of pulse type waveform produces diagonal clipping.
Why set the time constant of envelope detection section 40 for positive generation diagonal clipping, be in order to make the increased power of the signal that offers frequency analysis section 42, and the deration of signal is fixed.That is, utilize diagonal clipping, can enlarge the deration of signal of the output waveform corresponding with the pulse type waveform, signal power increases.Thus, the peak level of the frequency spectrum that is obtained by frequency analysis section 42 uprises, and S/N is than improving.
In addition, utilize diagonal clipping, the deration of signal of the output waveform corresponding with the pulse type waveform becomes the certain width that is determined by time constant.Thereby the peak level of frequency spectrum is not subjected to the impact of the pulse width of pulse type waveform, namely is not subjected to the impact of defect shape.Thus, can reduce the deviation of the spectrum peak level that the difference because of defect shape causes.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of transformation component 36 shown in Figure 1.With reference to Fig. 2, as mentioned above, transformation component 36 comprises rectification part 38 and envelope detection section 40.Rectification part 38 is the full-wave rectifying circuits that comprise a plurality of operational amplifiers, diode and resistive element.Envelope detection section 40 is arranged on the outgoing side of rectification part 38, comprises capacitor 50 and resistor 52.
Because generation cycle of pulse type waveform changes because of specification and the rotating speed of rolling bearing 10, therefore, need to change time constant according to the variation in generation cycle of pulse type waveform herein.Thereby in present embodiment 1, resistor 52 is made of variohm, the resistance value of coming adjusting resistance device 52 according to specification and the rotating speed of rolling bearing 10.As an example, can pre-determine the specification of bearing and rotating speed, and the resistance value of time constant, resistor 52 between relation, the resistance value of coming automatic adjusting resistance device 52 based on specification and the rotating speed of rolling bearing 10 is so that time constant becomes desirable value.
In addition, replace and to make resistor 52 for variohm or when resistor 52 is made of variohm, capacitor 50 is made of variable condenser, the capacitance of adjusting capacitor 50 according to specification and the rotating speed of rolling bearing 10.
Fig. 3 is the ratio in expression time constant and the generation cycle of pulse type waveform and the reverse figure of the relation of the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of sawtooth.With reference to Fig. 3, if the time constant of envelope detection section 40 is changed, then in the effective value of the reverse AC compounent of the wavy waveform of sawtooth, produce peak value.And oppositely the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of sawtooth is larger, and the peak level of the frequency spectrum that is obtained by frequency analysis section 42 is higher.
As shown in Figure 3, time constant is preferably the value near the generation cycle of pulse type waveform.If time constant is too small with respect to the generation cycle of pulse type waveform, then can't generate the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth (near envelope), if time constant is excessive, then become the maintained waveform of peak value (change diminishes) of pulse type waveform.Thereby for example, the time constant of envelope detection section 40 is preferably set in 0.1～2.0 times the scope in generation cycle of pulse type waveform.
Fig. 4 is that expression is from the figure of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth of transformation component 36 outputs.With reference to Fig. 4, solid line k1 represents to carry out pulse type waveform before the conversion by transformation component 36, and dotted line k2 represents the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth that obtained by transformation component 36.In addition, the scrappy vibration between the pulse type waveform among the solid line k1 is noise, is not equivalent to said pulse type waveform herein.
In addition, as a comparative example, existing envelope waveform shown in Figure 5.With reference to Fig. 5, dotted line k3 represents the envelope waveform (envelope) that obtains by solid line k1 being carried out envelope processing.
With reference to Fig. 4,5, oppositely the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of sawtooth (dotted line k2) is wider than the deration of signal of envelope waveform (dotted line k3).In addition, though do not illustrate especially, even but the different pulse widths of the pulse type waveform among the solid line k1 that cause change during because of the situation of defect shape and figure, oppositely the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of sawtooth (dotted line k2) is also fixed (on the other hand, the deration of signal of envelope waveform (dotted line k3) then changes).
Fig. 6 is the figure of the frequency spectrum of the expression wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth shown in Figure 4.In addition, as a comparative example, the frequency spectrum of envelope waveform shown in Figure 5 shown in Figure 7.
With reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 7, oppositely the peak level in the frequency spectrum of the wavy waveform of sawtooth is higher than the peak level in the frequency spectrum of envelope waveform.This be because, such as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, oppositely the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of sawtooth is wider than the deration of signal of envelope waveform, oppositely the signal power of the wavy waveform of sawtooth is larger than the signal power of envelope waveform.Thus, by utilizing the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth, compare with utilizing existing envelope waveform, can improve the S/N ratio.
Fig. 8 is the figure of the variation of the pulse type waveform different with respect to pulse width of the peak level in the frequency spectrum of expression reverse sawtooth wavy waveform.In addition, as a comparative example, the variation of the peak level of the frequency spectrum in the existing envelope waveform shown in Figure 9.
With reference to Fig. 8, Fig. 9, with respect to the different pulse type waveform of pulse width, oppositely the variation of the peak level in the frequency spectrum of the wavy waveform of sawtooth is less.On the other hand, for the situation of envelope waveform, with respect to the different pulse type waveform of pulse width, the variation of the peak level of frequency spectrum is larger.This be because, oppositely the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of sawtooth is also fixing when pulse width variation, on the other hand, the deration of signal of envelope waveform changes corresponding to the variation of pulse width.
As mentioned above, in present embodiment 1, because the unusual pulse type waveform that periodically produces of rolling bearing 10 is transformed to the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth by transformation component 36.Oppositely the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of sawtooth is wider than envelope waveform, and it is large that signal power is wanted.Thus, carry out frequency analysis and the peak level of the frequency spectrum that obtains uprises, S/N is than improving.
In addition, because oppositely the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of sawtooth is fixed, therefore, the peak level of frequency spectrum only is subject to the impact of the amplitude (pulse height) of pulse type waveform, and is not subjected to the impact of the pulse width of pulse type waveform.That is, the peak level of frequency spectrum only is subjected to the impact of defect size, and is not subjected to the impact of defect shape.Thus, can reduce the deviation of the spectrum peak level that the difference because of defect shape causes.
Thereby, according to present embodiment 1, can high sensitivity and correctly diagnose the flaw of rolling bearing 10 or peel off and wait unusually.
[variation of embodiment 1]
In above-mentioned embodiment 1, the rectification part 38 of establishing transformation component 36 is made of full-wave rectifying circuit, but also can utilize half-wave rectifying circuit to replace full-wave rectifying circuit to consist of rectification part 38.
Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of the transformation component 36 in the variation of embodiment 1.With reference to Figure 10, the rectification part 38 of transformation component 36 comprises the half-wave rectification diode.In addition, the structure of envelope detection section 40 is identical with embodiment 1 shown in Figure 2.
According to the variation of present embodiment 1, can make transformation component 36 miniaturizations, can also realize at an easy rate signal processing part.
[embodiment 2]
In embodiment 1 and variation thereof, establish transformation component 36 and consisted of by Analogical Electronics shown in Figure 2, but in present embodiment 2, utilize software to process to realize.
Figure 11 is the block diagram in the structure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the related rolling bearing of function expression embodiment 2.With reference to Figure 11, this apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality involving vibrations sensor 20 and signal processing part 30A.Signal processing part 30A further comprises A/D converter 46 in the structure of the signal processing part 30 of embodiment shown in Figure 11, and replaces transformation component 36 and comprise transformation component 36A.
A/D converter 46 with the sample frequency of regulation to by the analog signal sampling after the bandpass filter 34, to convert digital signal to.Transformation component 36A will be in vibrational waveform periodically occurs and is the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth by the pulse type waveform transformation that A/D converter 46 converts digital signal to, and the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of this reverse sawtooth is wider and fixing than the envelope (envelope waveform) of this pulse type waveform.This transformation component 36A also comprises rectification part 38 and envelope detection section 40.Explanation is the same in rectification part 38 and envelope detection section 40 function separately and the embodiment 1.
Figure 12 is for envelope detection section 40 shown in Figure 11 process flow diagram by the treatment step of software execution is described.In addition, the processing shown in this process flow diagram is carried out according to predetermined execution cycle.
With reference to Figure 12, envelope detection section 40 is judged the input signal X[i that receives from rectification part 38] (i represents that signal is by discretize, [i] represents this sub-value, the value during [i-1] expression last time computing) the output signal Y[i-1 with the last time computing time whether] multiply by factor alpha and more than the value that obtains (step S10).In addition, factor alpha is the value for the time constant of determining envelope detection section 40, Y[i-1] * α represents the signal of decaying with the time constant corresponding with factor alpha.
If in step S10, be judged to be input signal X[i] at Y[i-1] * (be "Yes" among the step S10) more than the α, then envelope detection section 40 is with input signal X[i] substitution output signal Y[i] (step S20).On the other hand, if in step S10, be judged to be input signal X[i] less than Y[i-1] * α (being "No" among the step S10), then envelope detection section 40 is with Y[i-1] * the value substitution output signal Y[i of α] (step S30).That is, the signal Y[i-1 that envelope detection section 40 will be decayed with the time constant corresponding with factor alpha] * α and input signal X[i] compare, the side that value is larger is made as output signal Y[i].
Afterwards, envelope detection section 40 is with output signal Y[i] substitution Y[i-1] (step S40).In addition, when next computing, use Y[i-1].
In addition, factor alpha can be calculated based on following formula.
α＝（1／ｅ）
1／（τ×fs）…（1）
Herein, e is the truth of a matter of natural logarithm, and τ represents time constant, and fs represents the sample frequency of A/D converter 46.For example, because the generation cycle that can infer the pulse type waveform based on specification and the rotating speed of rolling bearing 10, therefore, can adjust timeconstantτ so that the time constant of envelope detection section 40 is 0.1～2.0 times of generation cycle of pulse type waveform based on the specification of rolling bearing 10 and rotating speed, and can adjust factor alpha based on above-mentioned (1) formula.
According to this embodiment 2, same with embodiment 1, also can high sensitivity and correctly diagnose the flaw of rolling bearing 10 or peel off etc. unusual.
[embodiment 3]
In the respective embodiments described above, the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth that is generated by transformation component 36 is carried out frequency analysis, thereby carry out the abnormity diagnosis of rolling bearing 10.In present embodiment 3, the effective value (being also referred to as " RMS(Root Mean Square: root mean square) value ") that calculates the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth replaces frequency analysis, carries out the abnormity diagnosis of rolling bearing 10 based on this result of calculation.
Figure 13 is the block diagram in the structure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the related rolling bearing of function expression embodiment 3.With reference to Figure 13, this apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality involving vibrations sensor 20 and signal processing part 30B.Signal processing part 30B replaces frequency analysis section 42 and comprises effective value calculating part 48 in the structure of the signal processing part 30 of embodiment shown in Figure 11.
Effective value calculating part 48 calculates the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth that is generated by transformation component 36.Then, diagnosis section 44 diagnoses the unusual of rolling bearing 10 based on the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth that receives from effective value calculating part 48.
Figure 14 is the circuit diagram of effective value calculating part 48 shown in Figure 13.With reference to Figure 14, this circuit comprises the low-pass filter (LPF) that input signal is rectified into the rectification part of absolute value and is arranged on the outgoing side of rectification part.
In addition, though do not illustrate especially, also can use commercially available effective value conversion IC to effective value calculating part 48.In addition, also can process to realize effective value calculating part 48 by software.For example, deduct DC component (mean value) from the output data of transformation component 36, thereby calculate the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth, root mean square to the data of this AC compounent that calculates calculates, thereby can calculate at software view the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth.
In addition, for transformation component 36, can as embodiment 1 and variation thereof, be consisted of by Analogical Electronics, also can as embodiment 2, be consisted of by the software processing.
According to present embodiment 3, same with embodiment 1, also can high sensitivity and correctly diagnose the flaw of rolling bearing 10 or peel off etc. unusual.
In addition, although the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of unusually diagnosing to rolling bearing 10 has been described in the respective embodiments described above, the present invention can generally be applicable to periodically produce because of abnormal the equipment of pulse type vibration.For example, as shown in figure 15, by the pedestal that gear 12 is installed, the gear case (not shown) of depositing gear etc. are arranged vibration transducer 20, thereby also can unusually diagnose hypodontia of gear 12 etc.
In addition, although in the respective embodiments described above, establish vibration transducer 20 and consisted of by acceleration transducer, also can utilize speed pickup, displacement transducer to replace acceleration transducer.In addition, the torque sensor etc. that also can utilize microphone for detection of rattle, detects the cogging of rotating shaft replaces vibration transducer 20.
In addition, in foregoing, vibration transducer 20 is corresponding to an embodiment of " sensor " among the present invention, and signal processing part 30,30A, 30B are corresponding to an embodiment of " handling part " among the present invention.
Should think that the embodiment that discloses is for example expression in all fields here, rather than restrictive.Scope of the present invention is not that the explanation by above-mentioned embodiment represents, but is represented by claims, is intended to comprise and the equal meaning of claims and all changes in the scope.
Label declaration
10 rolling bearings, 12 gears, 20 vibration transducers, 30,30A, 30B signal processing part, 32 amplifiers, 34 bandpass filter, 36,36A transformation component, 38 rectification part, 40 envelope detection sections, 42 frequency analysis sections, 44 diagnosis sections, 46A/D converter, 48 effective value calculating parts, 50 capacitors, 52 resistors.
Claims (14)
1. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of a rolling bearing is characterized in that, comprising:
Sensor (20), this sensor is used for measuring the vibration of rolling bearing (10); And
Handling part (30,30A, 30B), this handling part is used for based on vibrational waveform, and to unusually diagnosing of described rolling bearing, this vibrational waveform utilizes described sensor to measure,
Described handling part comprises:
Transformation component (36,36A), this transformation component will be the wavy waveform of reverse sawtooth because of the unusual pulse type waveform transformation that periodically occurs in described vibrational waveform of described rolling bearing, and the deration of signal of the wavy waveform of this reverse sawtooth is wider and fixing than described pulse type waveform envelope separately; And
Diagnosis section (44), this diagnosis section is based on the wavy waveform of described reverse sawtooth, to unusually diagnosing of described rolling bearing.
2. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described transformation component comprises:
Rectification part (38), this rectification part is carried out rectification to described vibrational waveform; And
Envelope detection section (40), this envelope detection section receives the output of described rectification part, has the official hour constant,
Described time constant set for so that produce diagonal clipping in the output waveform of described envelope detection section,
The wavy waveform of described reverse sawtooth is the waveform that produces diagonal clipping in the output waveform of described envelope detection section.
3. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described time constant is set as 0.1～2.0 times of generation cycle of described pulse type waveform.
4. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described rectification part and described envelope detection section are made of Analogical Electronics, and this Analogical Electronics comprises the rectification circuit corresponding with described rectification part, forms resistor (52) and the capacitor (50) of described envelope detection section.
5. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Described resistor is the variohm (52) that can change resistance value,
By adjusting the resistance value of described variohm, set described time constant.
6. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that,
The resistance value of adjusting described variohm based on specification and the rotating speed of described rolling bearing.
7. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described handling part (30A) also comprises A/D converter (46), and this A/D converter will be digital signal from the analog signal conversion of described sensor, and output to described transformation component,
Described rectification part and described envelope detection section are processed by the software that moves according to pre-prepd program and are consisted of.
8. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that,
Described envelope detection section has be used to the adjustment parameter of setting described time constant.
9. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that,
Specification and rotating speed based on described rolling bearing are adjusted described adjustment parameter.
10. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described rectification part comprises full-wave rectifying circuit.
11. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described rectification part comprises half-wave rectifying circuit.
12. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described handling part (30,30A) also comprises frequency analysis section (42), and this frequency analysis section exports the frequency spectrum of the wavy waveform of described reverse sawtooth,
Described diagnosis section is based on the peak level of described frequency spectrum, to unusually diagnosing of described rolling bearing.
13. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described handling part (30B) also comprises effective value calculating part (48), and this effective value calculating part calculates the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of described reverse sawtooth,
Described diagnosis section is based on the effective value of the AC compounent of the wavy waveform of described reverse sawtooth, to unusually diagnosing of described rolling bearing.
14. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described sensor comprises acceleration transducer, speed pickup, displacement transducer, microphone, reaches any sensor in the torque sensor.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010183763A JP2012042338A (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2010-08-19 | Roller bearing abnormality diagnosis apparatus and gear abnormality diagnosis apparatus |
| JP2010-183763 | 2010-08-19 | ||
| PCT/JP2011/066723 WO2012023383A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2011-07-22 | Fault diagnosis device for rolling bearing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103038620A true CN103038620A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| CN103038620B CN103038620B (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180037042.7A Active CN103038620B (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2011-07-22 | The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of rolling bearing |
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| JP (1) | JP2012042338A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103038620B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012023383A1 (en) |
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| CN109952499A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-06-28 | Thk株式会社 | The condition diagnosing system of rolling guide apparatus |
| CN110073482A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-07-30 | 日商乐华股份有限公司 | Waveform analysis device and wave analyzing device |
| CN112304417A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-02-02 | 计算系统有限公司 | Removal of DC interference from vibration waveforms |
| CN114391091A (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2022-04-22 | 三菱电机工程技术株式会社 | Vibration detection device, vibration detection method, and abnormality determination system |
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| JP6133112B2 (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2017-05-24 | Ntn株式会社 | Rolling bearing diagnostic device and rolling bearing diagnostic method |
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| JP7155049B2 (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2022-10-18 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Rolling Bearing Condition Monitoring System and Condition Monitoring Method |
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| CN109952499B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-12-31 | Thk株式会社 | Rolling guide device condition diagnosis system |
| CN110073482A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-07-30 | 日商乐华股份有限公司 | Waveform analysis device and wave analyzing device |
| CN110073482B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2023-07-28 | 日商乐华股份有限公司 | Waveform analysis device and waveform analysis method |
| CN112304417A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-02-02 | 计算系统有限公司 | Removal of DC interference from vibration waveforms |
| CN114391091A (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2022-04-22 | 三菱电机工程技术株式会社 | Vibration detection device, vibration detection method, and abnormality determination system |
Also Published As
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| CN103038620B (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| WO2012023383A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
| JP2012042338A (en) | 2012-03-01 |
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