CN103036037B - A kind of feedback type satellite tv antenna and satellite television receiving system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of feedback type satellite tv antenna, including the metamaterial panel being arranged on feed front, described metamaterial panel includes core layer, described core layer includes at least one core layer, base material that described core layer includes lamellar and the multiple artificial foramen structures being arranged on base material, the rounded distribution of refractive index of described core layer, and the refractive index at same radius place is identical, along with the increase refractive index of radius is gradually reduced。Feedback type satellite tv antenna according to the present invention, be instead of traditional parabola antenna by the metamaterial panel of lamellar, manufactures processing and is more prone to, and cost is cheaper。It addition, present invention also offers a kind of satellite television receiving system with above-mentioned feedback type satellite tv antenna。

Description

A kind of feedback type satellite tv antenna and satellite television receiving system thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of feedback type satellite tv antenna and satellite television receiving system thereof。

Background technology

The satellite earth receiving station that traditional satellite television receiving system is made up of parabola antenna, feed, tuner, DVB。Parabola antenna is responsible for reflexing to satellite-signal the feed being positioned at focal point and tuner。Feed be one arranged at the focal point of parabola antenna for collecting the loudspeaker of satellite-signal, also known as corrugated horn。Its major function has two: one to be collected by the electromagnetic wave signal that antenna receives, and is transformed into signal voltage, supply high frequency head。Two is that the electromagnetic wave received is carried out polarization conversion。Tuner LNB (also known as frequency demultiplier) is that the satellite-signal sent here by feed carries out frequency reducing and signal amplification then passes to DVB。Generally can be divided into C-band frequency LNB (3.7GHz-4.2GHz, 18-21V) and Ku audio range frequency LNB (10.7GHz-12.75GHz, 12-14V)。The workflow of LNB is exactly recycle local oscillation circuit after first satellite high-frequency signals being amplified to hundreds thousand of times high-frequency signals is converted to intermediate frequency 950MHz-2050MHz, is beneficial to the transmission of coaxial cable and the solution mediation work of DVB。DVB is to be demodulated by the satellite-signal that tuner conveying comes, and demodulates satellite television image or digital signal and audio signal。

When receiving satellite-signal, parallel electromagnetic wave is converged on feed after being reflected by parabola antenna。Generally, the feed that parabola antenna is corresponding is an electromagnetic horn。

But owing to the Machining of Curved Surface difficulty of the reflecting surface of parabola antenna is big, required precision is also high, therefore, makes trouble, and relatively costly。

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved is, processes not easily for existing satellite tv antenna, defect that cost is high, it is provided that a kind of process feedback type satellite tv antenna simple, low cost of manufacture。

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of feedback type satellite tv antenna, described feedback type satellite tv antenna includes the metamaterial panel being arranged on feed front, described metamaterial panel includes core layer, described core layer includes at least one core layer, base material that described core layer includes lamellar and the multiple artificial foramen structures being arranged on base material, the rounded distribution of refractive index of described core layer, and the refractive index at same radius place is identical, along with the increase refractive index of radius is gradually reduced。

Further, described core layer includes the core layer that multiple index distribution is identical and is parallel to each other。

Further, described metamaterial panel also includes the matching layer being arranged on core layer both sides, to realize the refractive index match from air to core layer。

Further, the rounded distribution with its center for the center of circle of the refractive index of described core layer, refractive index n (r) distribution of described core layer meets equation below:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l}{d};$

Wherein, n (r) represents that in core layer, radius is the refractive index value at r place；

L is the feed distance to the matching layer being adjacent to, or l is the distance that feed arrives core layer；

D is the thickness of core layer, $d=\frac{\sqrt{l^2+R^2}-l}{n_{\max }-n_{\min }};$

R represents maximum radius；

n_maxRepresent the refractive index maximum in core layer；

n_minRepresent the refractive index minima in core layer。

Further, described each matching layer lamella has single refractive index, and the refractive index of multiple matching layer lamellas of the matching layer of core layer both sides is satisfied by below equation:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}};$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of matching layer, and i represents the numbering of matching layer lamella, wherein, near core layer matching layer lamella be numbered m。

Further, described each matching layer lamella includes the identical first substrate of material and second substrate, fills air between described first substrate and second substrate。

Further, multiple artificial foramen planforms of each core layer of described core layer are identical, the plurality of artificial foramen structure is filled with the refractive index medium more than base material, multiple artificial foramen structures at same radius place have identical volume, and along with the volume of the increase artificial foramen structure of radius is gradually reduced。

Further, multiple artificial foramen planforms of each core layer of described core layer are identical, the plurality of artificial foramen structure is filled with the refractive index medium less than base material, multiple artificial foramen structures at same radius place have identical volume, and along with the volume of the increase artificial foramen structure of radius is gradually increased。

Further, described artificial foramen structure is cylindrical hole。

Feedback type satellite tv antenna according to the present invention, be instead of traditional parabola antenna by the metamaterial panel of lamellar, manufactures processing and is more prone to, and cost is cheaper。

Present invention also offers a kind of satellite television receiving system, including feed, tuner and DVB, described satellite television receiving system also includes above-mentioned feedback type satellite tv antenna, and described feedback type satellite tv antenna is arranged on the front of feed。

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the feedback type satellite tv antenna of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the metamaterial unit of a kind of form of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the index distribution schematic diagram of the core layer of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the core layer of a kind of form of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the another form of core layer of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the matching layer of the present invention。

Detailed description of the invention

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the metamaterial panel 100 being arranged on feed 1 front is included according to feedback type satellite tv antenna of the present invention, described metamaterial panel 100 includes core layer 10, described core layer 10 includes at least one core layer 11, base material 13 that described core layer 11 includes lamellar and the multiple artificial foramen structures 12 being arranged on base material 13, the rounded distribution with its center for the center of circle of the refractive index of described core layer 11, the refractive index at same radius place is identical, and along with the increase refractive index of radius is gradually reduced。In the present invention, feed 1 is arranged on the axis of metamaterial panel, and namely feed overlaps with the axis of metamaterial panel with the line at the center of core layer 11。Feed 1 and metamaterial panel 100 all have support to support, and do not go out support in figure, and it is not the core of the present invention, adopts traditional supporting way。Additionally feed is preferably electromagnetic horn。Core layer 11 in figure is square, it is of course also possible to be other shape, for instance cylindrical。

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, described core layer 10 includes the core layer 11 that multiple index distribution is identical and is parallel to each other。Multiple core layer 11 fit tightly, and can pass through double faced adhesive tape each other bonding, or by fixing connections such as bolts。Can also there is interval between two additionally adjacent core layer 11, interval be filled air or other medium, to improve the performance of core layer。The base material 13 of each core layer 11 can be divided into multiple identical base material unit V, each base material unit V is provided with artificial foramen structure 12, artificial foramen structure 12 corresponding for each base material unit V constitutes a metamaterial unit D, each core layer 11 only one of which metamaterial unit D in a thickness direction。Each base material unit V can be identical square, it can be cube, may also be cuboid, the length volume of each base material unit V is not more than 1/5th (being generally 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength) of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, so that electromagnetic wave is had continuous print electric field and/or magnetic responsiveness by whole core layer。Under preferable case, described base material unit V is the length of side is the cube of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength 1/10th。

Known refractive indexWherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε is collectively referred to as electromagnetic parameter。It is demonstrated experimentally that when electromagnetic wave is by refractive index dielectric material heterogeneous, can to the big direction deviation (to the metamaterial unit deviation that refractive index is big) of refractive index。Therefore electromagnetic wave is had convergence effect, the index distribution of appropriate design core layer by the core layer of the present invention, it is possible to the electromagnetic wave that satellite sends is converged on feed by after core layer。When the material of base material and the material of filled media are selected, the arrangement on base material of the shape of designer's pore-creating structure, volume and/or artificial foramen structure can be passed through and obtain the electromagnetic parameter distribution within Meta Materials, thus designing the refractive index of each metamaterial unit。First the electromagnetic parameter spatial distribution (i.e. the electromagnetic parameter of each metamaterial unit) within Meta Materials is calculated from the effect required for Meta Materials, spatial distribution according to electromagnetic parameter selects the shape of the artificial foramen structure in each metamaterial unit, volume (has deposited various human pore-creating structured data) in advance in computer, the design of each metamaterial unit can be used the method for exhaustion, such as first select an artificial foramen structure with given shape, calculate electromagnetic parameter, the contrast that the result obtained is wanted with us, circulation is repeatedly, until till finding the electromagnetic parameter that we want, if have found, the design parameter then completing artificial foramen structure selects；If not finding, then change the artificial foramen structure of a kind of shape, repeat circulation above, until till finding the electromagnetic parameter that we want。If still do not found, then said process is without stopping。That is only have found the artificial foramen structure of the electromagnetic parameter that we need, program just can stop。Owing to this process is all completed by computer, therefore, seem complicated, in fact will soon complete。

In the present invention, the base material of described core layer is prepared by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material etc.。Macromolecular material is available politef, epoxy resin, F4B composite, FR-4 composite etc.。Such as, the electrical insulating property of politef is very good, thus without electromagnetic electric field produces interference, and has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, long service life。

In the present invention, described artificial foramen structure can be formed on base material by the mode of high temperature sintering, injection moulding, punching press or numerical control punching。Certainly for the base material of different materials, the generating mode of artificial foramen structure would also vary from, for instance, when selecting ceramic material as base material, it is preferred to use the form of high temperature sintering generates artificial foramen structure on base material。When selecting macromolecular material as base material, for instance politef, epoxy resin, then the form preferably employing injection moulding or punching press generates artificial foramen structure on base material。

The described artificial foramen structure of the present invention can be cylindrical hole, conical bore, round platform hole, trapezoidal hole or square opening one or combination。It can certainly be the hole of other form。The shape of the artificial foramen structure on each metamaterial unit D is according to different needs, it is possible to identical, it is also possible to different。Certainly, in order to be more prone to processing and manufacturing, whole Meta Materials, it is preferable that in situation, adopt the hole of same shape。

As it is shown in figure 1, be the structural representation of the metamaterial panel of first embodiment of the invention, in the present embodiment, described metamaterial panel also includes the matching layer 20 being arranged on core layer both sides, to realize the refractive index match of 10 from air to core layer。It is known that the refractive index between medium is more big, then when electromagnetic wave is from a medium incident to another medium, reflecting more big, reflection is big, it is meant that the loss of energy, is at this time accomplished by the coupling of refractive index, it is known that refractive indexWherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε is collectively referred to as electromagnetic parameter。It is understood that the refractive index of air is 1, therefore, when designing matching layer, the matching layer of electromagnetic wave incident side so designs, namely essentially identical near the refractive index of the side of air and air, the core layer refractive index that the refractive index of the side of close core layer connects with it is essentially identical；The matching layer of electromagnetic wave exiting side designs, and relatively core central layer symmetry comes。So, being achieved that the refractive index match of core layer, reduce reflection, namely energy loss can greatly reduce, and it is farther that such electromagnetic wave can transmit。

In the present embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the rounded distribution with its center O for the center of circle of the refractive index of described core layer 11, refractive index n (r) distribution of described core layer 11 meets equation below:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l}{d}---\left(1\right);$

Wherein, n (r) represents that in core layer, radius is the refractive index value at r place；Namely radius is the refractive index of the metamaterial unit of r in core layer；Radius refers to the midpoint distance to the center O (center of circle) of core layer of each base material unit V, the midpoint of base material unit V herein herein, refers to the midpoint of base material unit V and the conplane surface of midpoint O。

L is the feed 1 distance to the matching layer 20 being adjacent to；

D is the thickness of core layer, $d=\frac{\sqrt{l^2+R^2}-l}{n_{\max }-n_{\min }}---\left(2\right);$

R represents maximum radius；

n_maxRepresent the refractive index maximum in core layer 11；

n_minRepresent the refractive index minima in core layer 11；

By formula (1), the determined core layer 10 of formula (2), it is possible to ensure that electromagnetic wave convergence that satellite sends is to feed。This passes through computer simulation emulation, or utilizes optical principle can obtain (namely utilizing equivalent optical path to calculate)。

In the present embodiment, the thickness of core layer 11 is certain, generally less than 1/5th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength X, it will be preferred that 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength X。So, when design, if having selected the number of plies of core layer 11, then the thickness d of core layer just has determined that, therefore, for the feedback type satellite tv antenna (wavelength is different) of different frequency, by formula (2) it is known that pass through appropriate design (n_max-n_min) value, it is possible to obtain the feedback type satellite tv antenna of the arbitrarily frequency that we want。Such as, C-band and Ku wave band。The frequency range of C-band is 3400MHz～4200MHz。Frequency 10.7～the 12.75GHz of Ku wave band, wherein can be divided into the frequency ranges such as 10.7～11.7GHz, 11.7～12.2GHz, 12.2～12.75GHz。

As it is shown in figure 1, in the present embodiment, described matching layer 20 includes multiple matching layer lamella 21, and each matching layer lamella 21 has single refractive index, the refractive index of multiple matching layer lamellas of the matching layer of core layer both sides is satisfied by below equation:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}}---\left(4\right);$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of matching layer, and i represents the numbering of matching layer lamella, wherein, near core layer matching layer lamella be numbered m。From formula (4) it will be seen that the refractive index relatively core central layer of multiple matching layer lamellas of the refractive index of multiple matching layer lamellas of core layer 10 side and core layer 10 side is symmetrical arranged。The setting (total number of stories m) of matching layer and the largest refractive index n of core layer_maxWith minimum refractive index n_minThere is direct relation；As i=1, represent the refractive index of the 1st layer, owing to it to be substantially equal to the refractive index 1 of air, therefore, if n_maxWith n_minDetermine, then may determine that total number of stories m。

Matching layer 20 can be made up of the multiple materials with single refractive index existing in nature, may also be with matching layer as shown in Figure 6, it includes multiple matching layer lamella 21, each matching layer lamella 21 includes the identical first substrate of material 22 and second substrate 23, fills air between described first substrate 21 and second substrate 22。Ratio by the volume of control air with the volume of matching layer lamella 21, refractive index can be realized from 1 (refractive index of air) to the change of the refractive index of first substrate, such that it is able to the refractive index of each matching layer lamella of appropriate design, it is achieved the refractive index match from air to core layer。

Fig. 4 is the core layer 10 of a kind of form, multiple artificial foramen structure 12 shapes of each core layer 11 of described core layer are identical, for the cylindrical hole shown in Fig. 2, and the axis of each cylindrical hole is through the midpoint of corresponding base material unit V, the plurality of artificial foramen structure is filled with the refractive index medium more than base material 13, multiple artificial foramen structures at same radius place have identical volume, along with the volume of the increase artificial foramen structure 12 of radius is gradually reduced。Owing to artificial foramen structure 12 being filled with the refractive index medium more than base material 13, therefore artificial foramen structural volume is more big, then the medium filled is more many, and the refractive index of its correspondence is more big, therefore, the index distribution distribution by formula (1) of core layer can be realized by this mode。

Fig. 5 is another form of core layer 10, multiple artificial foramen structure 12 shapes of each core layer 11 of described core layer are identical, the plurality of artificial foramen structure 12 is filled with the refractive index medium less than base material 13, multiple artificial foramen structures at same radius place have identical volume, and along with the volume of the increase artificial foramen structure of radius is gradually increased。Owing to artificial foramen structure 12 being filled with the refractive index medium less than base material, therefore artificial foramen structural volume is more big, then the medium filled is more many, and the refractive index of its correspondence is more little on the contrary, therefore, the index distribution distribution by formula (1) of core layer can also be realized by this mode。

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is from the appearance identical, index distribution is also identical, simply it realizes the mode different (filled media is different) of above-mentioned index distribution, core layer 10 in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is the structure of four layers, it is merely illustrative schematically, according to different needs (different incident electromagnetic waves), and different designs needs, it is possible to have the different numbers of plies。

Certainly, core layer 11 is not limited to above two form, such as, everyone is segmented into the cell orifice that several volumes are identical at pore-creating structure, and the volume being controlled the artificial foramen structure on each metamaterial unit D by the quantity of the cell orifice on each base material unit V can also realize identical purpose。Again such as, core layer 11 can be following form, i.e. same core layer all people's pore-creating structural volume is identical, but the refractive index of the medium of its filling is corresponding to formula (1)。

The present invention also has the second embodiment, and the l that the second embodiment and first embodiment are distinctive in that in refractive index n (r) distribution formula of core layer 11 represents the feed distance (in first embodiment, l represents the feed distance to the matching layer being adjacent to) to core layer。

Additionally, the present invention also provides for present invention also offers a kind of satellite television receiving system, including feed, tuner and DVB, described satellite television receiving system also includes above-mentioned feedback type satellite tv antenna, and described feedback type satellite tv antenna is arranged on the front of feed。

Feed, tuner and DVB are existing technology, no longer state herein。

Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described; but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention; above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is merely schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under the enlightenment of the present invention; without departing under present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection situation, it may also be made that a lot of form, these belong within the protection of the present invention。

Claims (7)

1. a feedback type satellite tv antenna, it is characterized in that, described feedback type satellite tv antenna includes the metamaterial panel being arranged on feed front, described metamaterial panel includes core layer, described core layer includes at least one core layer, base material that described core layer includes lamellar and the multiple artificial foramen structures being arranged on base material, the rounded distribution of refractive index of described core layer, and the refractive index at same radius place is identical, along with the increase refractive index of radius is gradually reduced；Described core layer includes the core layer that multiple index distribution is identical and is parallel to each other；Described metamaterial panel also includes the matching layer being arranged on core layer both sides, to realize the refractive index match from air to core layer；Described matching layer includes multiple matching layer lamella, and each matching layer lamella has single refractive index, and the refractive index of multiple matching layer lamellas of the matching layer of core layer both sides is satisfied by below equation:

$n\left(i\right)={\left(\right(n_{max}+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}};$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of matching layer, and i represents the numbering of matching layer lamella, wherein, near core layer matching layer lamella be numbered m。

2. feedback type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the refractive index of described core layer rounded distribution with its center for the center of circle, refractive index n (r) distribution of described core layer meets equation below:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{max}-\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l}{d};$

Wherein, n (r) represents that in core layer, radius is the refractive index value at r place；

L is the feed distance to the matching layer being adjacent to, or l is the distance that feed arrives core layer；

D is the thickness of core layer, $d=\frac{\sqrt{l^2+R^2}-l}{n_{\max }-n_{\min }};$

R represents maximum radius；

n_maxRepresent the refractive index maximum in core layer；

n_minRepresent the refractive index minima in core layer。

3. feedback type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described each matching layer lamella includes the identical first substrate of material and second substrate, fills air between described first substrate and second substrate。

4. the feedback type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1 to 2 any one, it is characterized in that, multiple artificial foramen planforms of each core layer of described core layer are identical, the plurality of artificial foramen structure is filled with the refractive index medium more than base material, multiple artificial foramen structures at same radius place have identical volume, and along with the volume of the increase artificial foramen structure of radius is gradually reduced。

5. the feedback type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1 to 2 any one, it is characterized in that, multiple artificial foramen planforms of each core layer of described core layer are identical, the plurality of artificial foramen structure is filled with the refractive index medium less than base material, multiple artificial foramen structures at same radius place have identical volume, and along with the volume of the increase artificial foramen structure of radius is gradually increased。

6. feedback type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described artificial foramen structure is cylindrical hole。

7. a satellite television receiving system, including feed, tuner and DVB, it is characterized in that, described satellite television receiving system also includes the feedback type satellite tv antenna as described in claim 1 to 6 any one, and described feedback type satellite tv antenna is arranged on the front of feed。