CN103033759B - Storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment method and belongs to the control field. The storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment method includes following steps that a little voltage value and current value of the storage battery is recorded per second; a little voltage value and the current value of the storage battery is recorded per minute; if the battery charging quantity is larger than or equal to 0.01 C10, the answer is yes to go the next step, or return to the first step; if/Un-Un-1/> 1V, the answer is yea to return the first step, or go to the next step; a former section current is judged whether is a rising trend, if the rising trend, execute the next step, or return to the first step; a thermal runaway alarm is sent. The storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment method can summarize phenomenon in the past observations by people, and judge intelligently of the formatted diagnostic program and the current collected by the storage battery monitor and voltage signals integrated together to obtain the proper conclusion and give an alarm.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to control field, particularly relate to a kind of method for supervising for accumulator running status.
Background technology
Valve-control storage battery is notorious in Direct Current System In Operation importance, and the reliability of accumulator is depended in the safe operation of straight-flow system.Accumulator is in operation, and easily severest consequences to occur be battery thermal hardover failure, and this fault causes accumulator catching fire, straight-flow system dead electricity.
The fire that DC power system is large several times all causes because battery thermal is out of control, for these situations on accumulator monitoring instrument
Make operative practice and prove that this regulation of work is justified, we are breaking down in accumulator analysis and can see, in operation, indivedual accumulator capacity backwardness can't illustrate whole group storage battery operating mode, if but have the accumulator generation off-capacity of more than two, generally just there is significant meaning.Dehydration as general in accumulator causes accumulator capacity not enough, the accumulator Electrode ageing that confluxes causes part pole plate not work, degradation under accumulator bulk life time, regardless of which kind of reason, the reliability of battery-operated will decline greatly, and for running on floating charge state accumulator, its effect is exactly will discharge reliably when dead electricity, instead of cycle charge-discharge uses the electric discharge limit can using accumulator, even if therefore have the capacity of 80% to store, but dangerous for straight-flow system.
On the other hand because accumulator most of the time that is in operation all is in floating charging state, the floating current of accumulator is very little, and in operation, actual count number proves all to be less than 1mA/Ah, can not be greater than 0.3A with its floating electric electric current of 300Ah accumulator.A be in operation stem reality facing of accumulator often has report accumulator generation thermal runaway to cause whole group of accumulator inefficacy, blast, on fire, its net result not only battery damage also brings straight-flow system to paralyse, although the probability that this type of event occurs is very low, but consequence is serious, conventional battery discharging test cannot detect for thermal runaway, other effective technological means are not also had to be prevented this at present, empirically can only strengthen the supervision to battery current from management, find that battery current an innocent person increases and just enhance your vigilance.Viewed from the unique battery thermal event out of control run into from our operative practice, battery thermal performance out of control phenomenon is that battery current significantly rises under normal float charge voltage service condition, the floating current of accumulator when there is thermal runaway of 300Ah reaches about 20A, immediately normal for charging set float charge voltage was just reduced to below 1A from 240V toward battery current when dropping to 220V at that time, namely voltage drop 10% could maintain close to normal floating current, battery current remains unchanged, and accumulator voltage is now at about 2V.We also can think that internal storage battery electromotive force drops to 2V from 2.23V, with normal float charge voltage 2.23V to the charge in batteries of electromotive force 2V, the size of its charging current just depends on the internal resistance of accumulator completely, the larger internal resistance of normal conditions capacity of lead acid battery is less, therefore the thermal runaway electric current that produces once thermal runaway accumulator capacious of accumulator is also larger, the heat produced is just large, the charging set capacity of the accumulator configuration that accumulator capacity is large is as a same reason also large, cause the heating that accumulator is a large amount of, so be greater than the accumulator generation thermal runaway consequence catching fire often of 300Ah, which producer is not also had to carry out Weigh sensor to the charging current of accumulator at present for charging set, what is the charging current of the capacity decline that battery discharging causes, and what is the full large current charge occurred under floating charge state condition of accumulator capacity.If the charging occurred under latter event, watch-dog is made series of measures and is prevented the accumulator being about to enter thermal runaway.Accumulator producer technology does not have the condition produced about thermal runaway yet in illustrating, only refer to that accumulator floating charge terminal voltage carries out revising at different temperature, temperature often rises once terminal voltage decline 3mV so relation, do not emphasize what consequence can occur to depart from this relation, from the voltage of actual measurement, the mean value that the voltage that manufacturer provides refers to, in operation, single battery voltage actual discrete value is much larger than this, and the temperature compensation real work of 3mV has little significance.Once the battery charging current after regularly all charging under floating charge condition sealed valve control accumulator is observed with battery charging current under floating charge state and is compared, both discoveries electric current is more or less the same, this result illustrates that charge in batteries voltage is higher than float charge voltage under normal circumstances, as long as be not more than the maximal value of the permission even charging voltage of producer, be to cause thermal runaway to produce, the generation of thermal runaway separately has reason.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment, the phenomenon that people were observing in the past is summed up, be compiled into the electric current of diagnostic routine and the collection of accumulator monitoring instrument and voltage signal to combine and carry out intelligent decision, draw appropriate conclusion and carry out alarm.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: provide a kind of storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment, it is characterized in that described intelligent determination method comprises the following steps:
Some battery tension values of 1-1, record per second and current value;
1-2, every some battery tension values of member record and current value;
1-3, I
store and fill>=0.01C
10carry out next step, otherwise return the first step;
1-4, | Un-Un-1| > 1V returns the first step, otherwise carry out next step;
1-5, sentence electric current ascendant trend the last period, ascendant trend in this way, performs next step, otherwise returns the first step;
1-6, send thermal runaway alarm.
Wherein, described battery tension value and current value are mean value second.
1-3 step described in it is for monitoring whether battery charging current transfinites.。
Whether the 1-4 step described in it all fills or caused by spread of voltage for judging that electric current transfinites.
Compared with the prior art, advantage of the present invention is: the phenomenon that people were observing in the past summed up, be compiled into the electric current of diagnostic routine and the collection of accumulator monitoring instrument and voltage signal to combine and carry out intelligent decision, draw appropriate conclusion and carry out alarm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the direct supply operational process oscillogram that watch-dog controls.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
In Fig. 1, intelligent determination method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Some battery tension values of 1-1, record per second and current value;
1-2, every some battery tension values of member record and current value;
Do 1-3, I store and fill >=0.01C10? carry out next step, otherwise return the first step;
1-4, | Un-Un-1| > 1V returns the first step, otherwise carry out next step;
1-5, sentence electric current ascendant trend the last period, ascendant trend in this way, performs next step, otherwise returns the first step;
1-6, send thermal runaway alarm.
Wherein, described battery tension value and current value are mean value second.
1-3 step described in it is for monitoring whether battery charging current transfinites.。
Whether the 1-4 step described in it all fills or caused by spread of voltage for judging that electric current transfinites.
Its detailed process and step describe in detail as follows:
Sentence electric current ascendant trend the last period
One, battery current historgraphic data recording
A mean value per minute.(illustrate: due to battery current normal condition be certain limit fluctuation, be not steady state value, therefore one minute mean value can only be got)
Within every 10 minutes, carry out a mean value calculation (10 point data), then judge, as data per minute 10 minutes mean value ± 0.2A within, accumulator floating current represents with a mean value, carries out data compression.Data layout is: time period+numerical value.
Within every 60 minutes, carry out a mean value calculation (60 data), then judge, as data per minute 60 minutes mean value ± 0.2A within, accumulator floating current represents with a mean value, carries out data compression.Data layout is: time period+numerical value.As data are overproof, then accumulator historical current record was with 10 minutes points.
As battery current exceeds 0.002C10 then as logout, record per second data, then per minute average once, as long as current value fluctuation be less than ± 0.2A within, just enter a some record per minute.
Sentence electric current ascendant trend the last period
Sentence the number of times that in month, accumulator 60 minutes records number of times once once recorded more than 10 minutes.
If more than, battery current Measurement sensibility is described, mean value ascendant trend in 1,2,3,4,5,10,20,30 day that comparison electric current ascendant trend is chosen as 60 minutes records (will get rid of logout, and adopt the record value after logout, generation distance logout as overproof in charging current 25 days, then the record data of the 30th day just can not be got above).Concrete determination methods is; Rear data subtract previous data and sentence positive and negative.If be just greater than negative, then illustrating that electric current is the report " thermal runaway alarm " risen in this period of time.
Illustrate that current measurement is unstable or event is more if be less than, sentence last event apart from the time that " battery charging current transfinites " occurs, ask current average with ten deciles, then judge; Rear data subtract previous data and sentence positive and negative.If if be just greater than negative, then illustrating that electric current is the report " thermal runaway alarm " risen in this period of time.
Sentence battery current ascendant trend in 6 months, the record data after event, calculate monthly mean value, sentence ascendant trend, method is the same.
Logout define: logout be exactly accumulator occur in float electric discharge, charging, all fill 3 processes, event occur the whole time period should with battery current be less than 0.001C10 for terminate.The time period of battery thermal deterministic process out of control should not comprise event, and the data that if not event occurs have interference to judgement, can cause erroneous judgement.
Valve-control storage battery is notorious in Direct Current System In Operation importance, the reliability of accumulator is depended in the safe operation of straight-flow system, can only verify and judge whether the life-span of accumulator arrives final period by carry out battery discharging test for the current people of accumulator property, national standard defines under full capacity discharging condition for this reason, whole group storage battery has two bottles of accumulator capacities lower than 80% and does not still reach this standard through all filling, and this group storage battery is just thought that dying of old age go to bed and changed.It is justified that operative practice proves to make this regulation, we are breaking down in accumulator analysis and can see, in operation, indivedual accumulator capacity backwardness can't illustrate whole group storage battery operating mode, if but have the accumulator generation off-capacity of more than two, generally just there is significant meaning.Dehydration as general in accumulator causes accumulator capacity not enough, the accumulator Electrode ageing that confluxes causes part pole plate not work, degradation under accumulator bulk life time, regardless of which kind of reason, the reliability of battery-operated will decline greatly, and for running on floating charge state accumulator, its effect is exactly will discharge reliably when dead electricity, instead of cycle charge-discharge uses the electric discharge limit can using accumulator, even if therefore have the capacity of 80% to store, but dangerous for straight-flow system.
On the other hand because accumulator most of the time that is in operation all is in floating charging state, the floating current of accumulator is very little, and in operation, actual count number proves all to be less than 1mA/Ah, can not be greater than 0.3A with its floating electric electric current of 300Ah accumulator.A be in operation stem reality facing of accumulator often has report accumulator generation thermal runaway to cause whole group of accumulator inefficacy, blast, on fire, its net result not only battery damage also brings straight-flow system to paralyse, although the probability that this type of event occurs is very low, but consequence is serious, conventional battery discharging test cannot detect for thermal runaway, other effective technological means are not also had to be prevented this at present, empirically can only strengthen the supervision to battery current from management, find that battery current an innocent person increases and just enhance your vigilance.Viewed from the unique battery thermal event out of control run into from our operative practice, battery thermal performance out of control phenomenon is that battery current significantly rises under normal float charge voltage service condition, the floating current of accumulator when there is thermal runaway of 300Ah reaches about 20A, immediately normal for charging set float charge voltage was just reduced to below 1A from 240V toward battery current when dropping to 220V at that time, namely voltage drop 10% could maintain close to normal floating current, battery current remains unchanged, and accumulator voltage is now at about 2V.We also can think that internal storage battery electromotive force drops to 2V from 2.23V, with normal float charge voltage 2.23V to the charge in batteries of electromotive force 2V, the size of its charging current just depends on the internal resistance of accumulator completely, the larger internal resistance of normal conditions capacity of lead acid battery is less, therefore the thermal runaway electric current that produces once thermal runaway accumulator capacious of accumulator is also larger, the heat produced is just large, the charging set capacity of the accumulator configuration that accumulator capacity is large is as a same reason also large, cause the heating that accumulator is a large amount of, so be greater than the accumulator generation thermal runaway consequence catching fire often of 300Ah, which producer is not also had to carry out Weigh sensor to the charging current of accumulator at present for charging set, what is the charging current of the capacity decline that battery discharging causes, and what is the full large current charge occurred under floating charge state condition of accumulator capacity.If the charging occurred under latter event, watch-dog is made series of measures and is prevented the accumulator being about to enter thermal runaway.Accumulator producer technology does not have the condition produced about thermal runaway yet in illustrating, only refer to that accumulator floating charge terminal voltage carries out revising at different temperature, temperature often rises once terminal voltage decline 3mV so relation, do not emphasize what consequence can occur to depart from this relation, from the voltage of actual measurement, the mean value that the voltage that manufacturer provides refers to, in operation, single battery voltage actual discrete value is much larger than this, and the temperature compensation real work of 3mV has little significance.Once the battery charging current after regularly all charging under floating charge condition sealed valve control accumulator is observed with battery charging current under floating charge state and is compared, both discoveries electric current is more or less the same, this result illustrates that charge in batteries voltage is higher than float charge voltage under normal circumstances, as long as be not more than the maximal value of the permission even charging voltage of producer, be to cause thermal runaway to produce, the generation of thermal runaway separately has reason.
We are not clear at present for the thermal runaway mechanism of accumulator, but the performance of thermal runaway has certain law mainly contains the following external characteristic:
1. the normal floating current of accumulator increases, and floating current as normal in 300Ah accumulator is less than 0.3A, and during thermal runaway, electric current increases to 20A.At this moment the electric current increased cannot continue to convert chemical energy to, and only make accumulator produce a large amount of heats and produce a large amount of gas, the heat of generation causes the electromotive force of accumulator itself to decline, and increases input battery current further, forms vicious cycle,
2. accumulator body temperature sharply rises, and shell softens in the event of high temperatures, and the pressure that a large amount of gas produces makes battery cell case be out of shape.
For above-mentioned change, because general operations staff does not possess the experience of this respect, be difficult to judge that accumulator has entered thermal runaway state, when taking measures with late after operator discovery situation in the starting stage.
Therefore the monitor monitoring accumulator operating mode situation is developed extremely urgent, the phenomenon that people were observing in the past is summed up by the exploitation object of intelligent battery monitor, be compiled into the electric current of diagnostic routine and the collection of accumulator monitoring instrument and voltage signal to combine and carry out intelligent decision, draw appropriate conclusion and carry out alarm.
Below the key work that the technical program judges:
1. setting runs accumulator capacity, and monitor will set the maximum floating current of accumulator automatically, and the maximum floating current of accumulator automatically set as 300Ah accumulator is 300mA (every ampere-hour 1mA).
2. the charging current of pair accumulator put into operation and charging voltage are measured, if new battery, monitor differentiates from accumulator floating current is less than maximum floating current, electric current carries out the setting of accumulator original state when entering stationary value state automatically, think accumulator capacity 100%, the duty later to accumulator as benchmark is monitored.Remember, whether have the upward drift as standard supervision battery current and exceed the definite value of setting.
3. the charging current of carrying out after the battery discharging of energy automatic distinguishing, not judging charging current by accident is thermal runaway electric current.
If 4. experience is assembled into by computing machine the surveillance coverage that expert diagnostic program will improve greatly to equipment.
When battery thermal is out of control, temperature raises, electric current increases, acid gas fills the air, casing deformation, by monitoring that above-mentioned phenomenon can Timeliness coverage problem.
In Fig. 2, give the relation of battery current, voltage and state:
One, the battery charging process of first area
This region is the charging process to accumulator, the starting potential of accumulator is 88V, directly add 110V charging voltage serious charging current overload will be caused to damage accumulator if obviously directly pressed at so low storage battery, under the control of watch-dog charging current with 0.1C10 electric current for limit value carries out constant-current charge to accumulator, present case accumulator is 300AH, current limit is 30A, and in this process, battery tension slowly rises.Through charging accumulator voltage rise after a while to even charging voltage value (121V), it is constant that charging set maintains even charging voltage, now battery charging current is along with the increase of capacity, accumulator voltage progressively rises, the difference of accumulator voltage and even charging voltage progressively reduces, battery current is caused to diminish gradually, when little to a certain value time, start and all fill timing, timing terminates, monitor command charging set enters floating charge state, and voltage adjusts back float charge voltage (116V), and battery charging process terminates to enter second area.
Two, the long-term floating charging duty of second area
Because charging voltage forwards floating charging state to, voltage falling causes battery tension higher than charging set voltage and busbar voltage, accumulator is to bus load discharge, after a few minutes, battery tension drop is equal with float charge voltage, after this in the very long period, charging set only only has a very little floating current to supplement the electric discharge of accumulator internal resistance to accumulator, float charge voltage stable for extended periods of time, ensures that DC bus-bar voltage is working properly.This process to be maintained to 3 months always (or 6 months) afterwards watch-dog accumulator is all filled, enter the 3rd region.
Three, the 3rd region all fill the stage
Long-term floating charge can cause accumulator voltage discreteness to increase, part accumulator capacity reduce, therefore enter the stage of all filling to accumulator carry out adjustment guarantee accumulator property.Accumulator even charging voltage is higher than float charge voltage, battery current increases the loss supplementing long-term floating charge, after supplementing electricity after a while, (being generally 3 hours) accumulator voltage consistance improves, indivedual backward capacity obtains compensation by supplementing electricity, monitor command gets back to float charge voltage, enters again long-term floating charging state i.e. the 4th region.So go round and begin again, watch-dog is safeguarded accumulator automatically, and have a power failure until some day exchanges because accident causes, accumulator is powered to DC bus load, enters the 5th region.
Four, the accident discharge regime in the 5th region
The interchange dead electricity that electric network fault etc. cause makes accumulator enter discharge condition, because electric discharge battery tension progressively drops in time.Until Alternating Current Power Supply recovers, charging set is powered to accumulator and straight-flow system heavily again, enters the 6th region, and the course of work in the 6th region is identical with first area.
Load short circuits state
This figure does not draw, and be actually a spike pulse, whole process is very short, and generally in 4 ~ 16mS, current amplitude is very large, at about 10A ~ 800A, record this current sample speed preferably within 1mS.
Because the phenomenon that people were observing is summed up by the present invention in the past, be compiled into the electric current of diagnostic routine and the collection of accumulator monitoring instrument and voltage signal and combine and carry out intelligent decision, draw appropriate conclusion and carry out alarm.
The present invention can be widely used in the monitoring field of accumulator running status.
Claims (1)
1. a storage battery thermal runway intelligent judgment, comprises some battery tension values of record per second and current value; Some battery tension values of every member record and current value; It is characterized in that described intelligent determination method comprises the following steps:
1-1, judge I
store and fill>=0.01C
10carry out next step, otherwise return the first step;
1-2, judgement | Un-Un-1| > 1V? be return the first step, otherwise carry out next step;
1-3, sentence electric current ascendant trend the last period, ascendant trend in this way, performs next step, otherwise returns the first step;
1-4, send thermal runaway alarm;
Wherein said battery tension value and current value are mean value second;
Wherein said 1-1 step is for monitoring whether battery charging current transfinites;
Whether wherein said 1-2 step all fills or caused by spread of voltage for judging that electric current transfinites;
Wherein, described intelligent determination method carries out the mean value calculation of an accumulator floating charging flow valuve for every 10 minutes, then judges, as data per minute 10 minutes mean value ± 0.2A within, accumulator floating current represents with a mean value, carries out data compression;
Described intelligent determination method carries out the mean value calculation of an accumulator floating charging flow valuve for every 60 minutes, then judge, as data per minute 60 minutes mean value ± 0.2A within, accumulator floating current represents with a mean value, carries out data compression;
As accumulator floating current exceeds 0.002C
10then as logout, record per second data, then per minute average once, as long as current value fluctuation be less than ± 0.2A within, just enter a some record per minute;
Intelligent determination method described in it passes judgment on the number of times that in month, accumulator 60 minutes records number of times once once recorded more than 10 minutes, if the number of times that 60 minutes records number of times once once recorded more than 10 minutes, then battery current Measurement sensibility is described, relatively electric current ascendant trend is chosen as mean value ascendant trend in 1,2,3,4,5,10,20,30 day of 60 minutes records, rear data is subtracted previous data positive and negative to differentiate; If be just greater than negative, then illustrating that electric current is rise in this period of time, report " thermal runaway alarm ";
If 60 minutes records number of times is once less than the number of times once recorded for 10 minutes, illustrates that current measurement is unstable or event is more, sentence last event apart from the time that " battery charging current transfinites " occurs, ask current average with ten deciles, then judge; Rear data are subtracted previous data positive and negative to differentiate; If be just greater than negative, then illustrating that electric current is rise in this period of time, report " thermal runaway alarm ".
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