CN103033358A - Automobile transmission shaft fatigue test method - Google Patents

Automobile transmission shaft fatigue test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103033358A
CN103033358A CN2012105378972A CN201210537897A CN103033358A CN 103033358 A CN103033358 A CN 103033358A CN 2012105378972 A CN2012105378972 A CN 2012105378972A CN 201210537897 A CN201210537897 A CN 201210537897A CN 103033358 A CN103033358 A CN 103033358A
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hydraulic servo
servo actuator
signal
transmission shaft
response
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CN103033358B (en
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袁冬梅
邹喜红
征小梅
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Chongqing University of Technology
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Chongqing University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile transmission shaft fatigue test method. The automobile transmission shaft fatigue test method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting input torque of a transmission shaft and vibration acceleration of an output end on a testing ground to obtain an expected response signal; (2) installing the transmission shaft and calculating a frequency response function of a test system; (3) calculating initial driving signals of a straight line hydraulic servo actuator and a torsion hydraulic servo actuator; (4) calculating a weighted error of a time-domain response and a frequency-domain response, calculating a drive signal correction which corresponds to the weighted error, conducting imitation iteration, and recording a final drive signal when response weighted errors of all sensors are less than or equal to 5%; (5) carrying out a transmission shaft fatigue test based on input of the final drive signal. A weighted multiple parameter control method of time-domain errors and frequency-domain errors is applied. Movement condition and stress distribution condition, when a real car is driven, of the transmission shaft of an automobile are imitated. Fatigue life of the transmission shaft of the automobile is examined accurately and efficiently.

Description

A kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of truck drive shaft method for testing performance, relate in particular to a kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test method.
Background technology
Truck drive shaft is being undertaken transmission variator (or transfer gear) to the effect of main reducing gear moment of torsion, on the vehicle performance impact greatly, particularly automobile is when starting, acceleration and braking, and transmission shaft will bear very high pulling torque, is one of crucial assembly in the automotive transmission.Truck drive shaft generally hollow carbon steel pipes antitorque by height, bending resistance is made, and the two ends of central siphon are welded with universal joint, because extruding and the technique such as welding are difficult to control, so must verify by testing vehicle transmission shaft rigidity, intensity and fatigue lifetime.Existing truck drive shaft fatigue test method is normally decided torque at transmission test bench and is decided rotating speed and carry out, or the amplitude torsional fatigue test such as carry out, when but transmission shaft moves at real vehicle, not only bear the torque of dynamic change, and transmission shaft two ends upper-lower position is in continuous variation, therefore, existing test unit and test method are difficult to the accurately practical operation situation of simulation transmission shaft.
Summary of the invention
For above shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test method.This test method goes out motion and the stressing conditions of truck drive shaft when real vehicle travels at lab simulation, the automobile rotation axis is carried out the examination of precise and high efficiency fatigue lifetime.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test method, adopted in the method a kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test system, this pilot system comprises straight line hydraulic servo actuator, hold-down support, acceleration transducer, reverses hydraulic servo actuator, torque sensor and computer control system; Described straight line hydraulic servo actuator vertically arranges, and at the piston rod of straight line hydraulic servo actuator one brace table is set, and brace table is provided with the relative support slide unit of this brace table horizontal slip; Described hold-down support vertically is fixed on and supports on the slide unit, and described acceleration transducer is arranged on the hold-down support; Described torque sensor with reverse hydraulic servo actuator and be connected, described straight line hydraulic servo actuator and reverse hydraulic servo actuator and controlled by computer control system, the signal input computer control system that acceleration transducer and torque sensor gather;
The method comprises the steps:
(1), at transmission output shaft the strain-type torque sensor is installed, in the mounting disc of main reducing gear input end acceleration transducer is installed, is gathered the vibration acceleration of transmission shaft input torque and output terminal at the testing field, obtain the Expected Response signal and be
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, be 1 * 2 matrix;
(2), transmission shaft is installed on the truck drive shaft fatigue test system, an end of transmission shaft is connected on the hold-down support by universal joint, the other end of transmission shaft by universal joint and shaft coupling with reverse hydraulic servo actuator and be connected; By computer control system to the straight line hydraulic servo actuator with reverse hydraulic servo actuator and apply the sine sweep signal
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, the response signal of collecting acceleration transducer and torque sensor
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
, calculate the frequency response function of this pilot system by formula (1)
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
（1）
In the formula:
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
-sine sweep signal
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Autopower spectral density;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
-sine sweep signal With the sensor response signal Between cross-spectral density;
Figure 21838DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
-acceleration transducer and torque sensor and straight line hydraulic servo actuator and reverse frequency response function between the hydraulic servo actuator are 2 * 2 matrixes;
(3), with the expectation response signal Be simulated target, according to formula (2) and (3) calculated line hydraulic servo actuator with reverse the initial driving signal of hydraulic servo actuator:
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
（2）
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
（3）
In the formula:
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
- Inverse matrix;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
-Expected Response signal
Figure 761190DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Fourier transform;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
-straight line hydraulic servo actuator and reverse hydraulic servo actuator and initially drive signal;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
-
Figure 963633DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
Fourier transform;
(4), with initial drive straight line hydraulic servo actuator with reverse hydraulic servo actuator, gather simultaneously the response signal of acceleration transducer and torque sensor
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
, calculate time domain response and frequency domain response weighted error with formula (4), (5), (6) and (7), use driving signal correction amount corresponding to formula (8) and (9) error of calculation:
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
（4）
（5）
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
（6）
（7）
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
（8）
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
（9）
In the formula:
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
-time domain response error signal;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
-sensor response signal
Figure 808836DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
Fourier transform;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
-frequency domain response error signal;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
-frequency domain response error signal
Figure 159046DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
Inverse Fourier transform;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
-time domain response and frequency domain response weighted error;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
-
Figure 796831DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
Fourier transform;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
The corresponding signal that drives of-error;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
-
Figure 856710DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
Fourier transform;
Revising the driving signal is
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
In the formula
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
Be attenuation coefficient, initial value gets 0.5 usually, suitably increases or reduces according to the iteration convergence situation, but must satisfy: 0＜
Figure 187328DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
≤ 1;
Drive signal to revise
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
As driving, constantly repeat the process of front in this step and carry out iteration, and with the real-time error of calculation value of formula (10) , when each sensor response error≤5%, the final signal that drives of record;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
（10）
In the formula:
Figure 962517DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
-the nInferior iteration error value;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
-the nInferior iteration gather response signal;
Figure 2012105378972100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
-
Figure 403994DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
Fourier transform;
(5), carry out the transmission shaft torture test take final driving signal as input.
Compared with prior art, a kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test method of the present invention has following advantage:
1, the present invention is in conjunction with the stressed and motion conditions of truck drive shaft on real vehicle, by reversing hydraulic servo actuator and the straight line hydraulic servo actuator loads, by the multi parameters control method, precise and high efficiency the indoor dynamic torque that has reproduced truck drive shaft and suspension displacement cause variator and drive axle up and down relative position change and vibration, for the truck drive shaft torture test provides a cover new method.
2, use the straight line hydraulic servo actuator to apply transmission shaft bob dynamic loading, use and reverse the input torque that hydraulic servo actuator applies transmission shaft, well reflected the load initial conditions of transmission shaft on real vehicle.
3, use the multi parameters control method of time domain error and error of frequency domain weighting, go out motion and the stressing conditions of truck drive shaft when real vehicle travels at lab simulation, the automobile rotation axis is carried out the examination of precise and high efficiency fatigue lifetime.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of truck drive shaft fatigue test system.
In the accompanying drawing: 1-mounting foundation; 2-straight line hydraulic servo actuator; 3-support slide unit; 4-hold-down support; 5-acceleration transducer; 6-transmission shaft; 7-shaft coupling; 8-bearing seat; 9-torque sensor; 10-reverse hydraulic servo actuator; 11-support platform; 12-support platform column; 13-brace table.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test method has adopted a kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test system in the method.As shown in Figure 1, this truck drive shaft fatigue test system comprises mounting foundation 1, straight line hydraulic servo actuator 2, hold-down support 4, acceleration transducer 5, shaft coupling 7, bearing seat 8, torque sensor 9, reverses hydraulic servo actuator 10, support platform 11, support platform column 12 and computer control system.Straight line hydraulic servo actuator 2 vertically is arranged on the mounting foundation 1, and straight line hydraulic servo actuator 2 is used for simulating the transmission shaft bob.Piston rod at straight line hydraulic servo actuator 2 arranges a brace table 13, brace table 13 is provided with the relative support slide unit 3 of these brace table 13 horizontal slips, this support slide unit 3 is used for supporting hold-down support 4, brace table 13 along continuous straight runs slide relatively simultaneously, the variation of distance during with compensation transmission shaft two ends bob.Hold-down support 4 vertically is fixed on and supports on the slide unit 3, and acceleration transducer 5 is arranged on the hold-down support 4.Support platform 11 is horizontally set on the mounting foundation 1 by three support platform columns 12, bearing seat 8, torque sensor 9 and reverse hydraulic servo actuator 10 and be arranged on the support platform 11, the power output shaft of reversing hydraulic servo actuator 10 is supported on the bearing seat 8, torque sensor 9 is installed on the power output shaft of reversing hydraulic servo actuator 10, and the end of reversing the power output shaft of hydraulic servo actuator 10 connects shaft coupling 7.Acceleration transducer 5 and torque sensor 9 are used for measuring and simulating the moment of torsion of transmission shaft and the up-down vibration at two ends.Straight line hydraulic servo actuator 2 and reverse hydraulic servo actuator 10 by computer control system control, the signal input computer control system that acceleration transducer 5 and torque sensor 9 gather.
The ultimate principle of this truck drive shaft fatigue test system is: with straight line hydraulic servo actuator 2 with reverse hydraulic servo actuator 10 and apply respectively the sine sweep signal, gather acceleration transducer 5 and torque sensor 9 outputs, calculate the frequency response function of this pilot system, the transmission shaft two ends bob and the transmission shaft torque that gather when travelling according to real vehicle, calculated line hydraulic servo actuator 2 and the input signal that reverses hydraulic servo actuator 10, and constantly carry out iteration, the transmission shaft two ends bob and the transmission shaft torque that when acceleration transducer 5 and torque sensor 10 simulate real vehicle and travel, gather, so that the motion of transmission shaft and stressing conditions are well reappeared at this device, under the real load condition, carry out torture test.
This a kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test method comprises the steps:
(1), at transmission output shaft the strain-type torque sensor is installed, in the mounting disc of main reducing gear input end acceleration transducer is installed, is gathered the vibration acceleration of transmission shaft input torque and output terminal at the testing field, obtain the Expected Response signal and be
Figure 377766DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, be 1 * 2 matrix.
(2), transmission shaft 6 is installed on the truck drive shaft fatigue test system, an end of transmission shaft 6 is connected on the hold-down support 4 by universal joint, the other end of transmission shaft 6 is connected with shaft coupling 7 by universal joint.By computer control system to straight line hydraulic servo actuator 2 with reverse hydraulic servo actuator 10 and apply the sine sweep signal
Figure 938673DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, the response signal of collecting acceleration transducer and torque sensor
Figure 325792DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
, calculate the frequency response function of this pilot system by formula (1)
Figure 367697DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Figure 523872DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
（1）
In the formula:
Figure 258610DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
-sine sweep signal
Figure 805129DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Autopower spectral density;
Figure 978621DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
-sine sweep signal With the sensor response signal Between cross-spectral density;
-acceleration transducer and torque sensor and straight line hydraulic servo actuator and reverse frequency response function between the hydraulic servo actuator are 2 * 2 matrixes.
(3), with the expectation response signal
Figure 312465DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Be simulated target, according to formula (2) and (3) calculated line hydraulic servo actuator with reverse the initial driving signal of hydraulic servo actuator:
Figure 443232DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
（2）
Figure 519772DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
（3）
In the formula:
Figure 868032DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
-
Figure 117748DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Inverse matrix;
Figure 40704DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
-Expected Response signal
Figure 288146DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Fourier transform;
Figure 358870DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
-straight line hydraulic servo actuator and reverse hydraulic servo actuator and initially drive signal;
Figure 349960DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
-
Figure 189740DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
Fourier transform.
(4), with initial drive straight line hydraulic servo actuator with reverse hydraulic servo actuator, gather simultaneously the response signal of acceleration transducer and torque sensor , calculate time domain response and frequency domain response weighted error with formula (4), (5), (6) and (7), use driving signal correction amount corresponding to formula (8) and (9) error of calculation:
Figure 838207DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
（4）
（5）
（6）
Figure 978836DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
（7）
Figure 961835DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
（8）
Figure 291798DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
（9）
In the formula:
Figure 840591DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
-time domain response error signal;
Figure 866316DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
-sensor response signal
Figure 71032DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
Fourier transform;
Figure 4353DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
-frequency domain response error signal;
Figure 610915DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
-frequency domain response error signal
Figure 869858DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
Inverse Fourier transform;
Figure 296291DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
-time domain response and frequency domain response weighted error;
Figure 236565DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
-
Figure 697634DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
Fourier transform;
Figure 861899DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
The corresponding signal that drives of-error;
Figure 41207DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
-
Figure 581910DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
Fourier transform;
Revising the driving signal is
Figure 900415DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
In the formula
Figure 438843DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
Be attenuation coefficient, initial value gets 0.5 usually, suitably increases or reduces according to the iteration convergence situation, but must satisfy: 0＜
Figure 902186DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
≤ 1;
Drive signal to revise
Figure 184263DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
As driving, constantly repeat the process of front in this step and carry out iteration, and with the real-time error of calculation value of formula (10)
Figure 619923DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
, when each sensor response error≤5%, the final signal that drives of record;
Figure 125991DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
（10）
In the formula:
Figure 279892DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
-the nInferior iteration error value;
Figure 162397DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
-the nInferior iteration gather response signal;
Figure 452564DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
-
Figure 67216DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
Fourier transform.
(5), carry out the transmission shaft torture test take final driving signal as input.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. truck drive shaft fatigue test method, it is characterized in that, adopted in the method a kind of truck drive shaft fatigue test system, this pilot system comprises straight line hydraulic servo actuator, hold-down support, acceleration transducer, reverses hydraulic servo actuator, torque sensor and computer control system; Described straight line hydraulic servo actuator vertically arranges, and at the piston rod of straight line hydraulic servo actuator one brace table is set, and brace table is provided with the relative support slide unit of this brace table horizontal slip; Described hold-down support vertically is fixed on and supports on the slide unit, and described acceleration transducer is arranged on the hold-down support; Described torque sensor with reverse hydraulic servo actuator and be connected, described straight line hydraulic servo actuator and reverse hydraulic servo actuator and controlled by computer control system, the signal input computer control system that acceleration transducer and torque sensor gather;
The method comprises the steps:
(1), at transmission output shaft the strain-type torque sensor is installed, in the mounting disc of main reducing gear input end acceleration transducer is installed, is gathered the vibration acceleration of transmission shaft input torque and output terminal at the testing field, obtain the Expected Response signal and be
Figure 2012105378972100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, be 1 * 2 matrix;
(2), transmission shaft is installed on the truck drive shaft fatigue test system, an end of transmission shaft is connected on the hold-down support by universal joint, the other end of transmission shaft by universal joint and shaft coupling with reverse hydraulic servo actuator and be connected; By computer control system to the straight line hydraulic servo actuator with reverse hydraulic servo actuator and apply the sine sweep signal
Figure 2012105378972100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, the response signal of collecting acceleration transducer and torque sensor , calculate the frequency response function of this pilot system by formula (1)
Figure 2012105378972100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Figure 2012105378972100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
（1）
In the formula: -sine sweep signal
Figure 2012105378972100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Autopower spectral density;
Figure 2012105378972100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
-sine sweep signal
Figure 460997DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
With the sensor response signal
Figure 828524DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Between cross-spectral density;
Figure 804570DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
-acceleration transducer and torque sensor and straight line hydraulic servo actuator and reverse frequency response function between the hydraulic servo actuator are 2 * 2 matrixes;
(3), with the expectation response signal
Figure 282956DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Be simulated target, according to formula (2) and (3) calculated line hydraulic servo actuator with reverse the initial driving signal of hydraulic servo actuator:
（2）
Figure 2012105378972100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
（3）
In the formula:
Figure 2012105378972100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
-
Figure 742406DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Inverse matrix;
Figure 2012105378972100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
-Expected Response signal
Figure 15256DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Fourier transform;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
-straight line hydraulic servo actuator and reverse hydraulic servo actuator and initially drive signal;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
- Fourier transform;
(4), with initial drive straight line hydraulic servo actuator with reverse hydraulic servo actuator, gather simultaneously the response signal of acceleration transducer and torque sensor
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
, calculate time domain response and frequency domain response weighted error with formula (4), (5), (6) and (7), use driving signal correction amount corresponding to formula (8) and (9) error of calculation:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
（4）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
（5）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
（6）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
（7）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
（8）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
（9）
In the formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
-time domain response error signal;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
-sensor response signal
Figure 196893DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
Fourier transform;
-frequency domain response error signal;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
-frequency domain response error signal
Figure 570237DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
Inverse Fourier transform;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
-time domain response and frequency domain response weighted error;
- Fourier transform;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
The corresponding signal that drives of-error;
-
Figure 57903DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
Fourier transform;
Revising the driving signal is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
In the formula
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
Be attenuation coefficient, initial value gets 0.5 usually, suitably increases or reduces according to the iteration convergence situation, but must satisfy: 0＜
Figure 753458DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
≤ 1;
Drive signal to revise
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
As driving, constantly repeat the process of front in this step and carry out iteration, and with the real-time error of calculation value of formula (10)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
, when each sensor response error≤5%, the final signal that drives of record;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
（10）
In the formula:
Figure 981308DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
-the nInferior iteration error value;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
-the nInferior iteration gather response signal;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
-
Figure 796292DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
Fourier transform;
(5), carry out the transmission shaft torture test take final driving signal as input.
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