CN103033139A - Measuring device for brillouin optical sensing type continuous multipoint displacement meter - Google Patents
Measuring device for brillouin optical sensing type continuous multipoint displacement meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103033139A CN103033139A CN2012105629792A CN201210562979A CN103033139A CN 103033139 A CN103033139 A CN 103033139A CN 2012105629792 A CN2012105629792 A CN 2012105629792A CN 201210562979 A CN201210562979 A CN 201210562979A CN 103033139 A CN103033139 A CN 103033139A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring device for a brillouin optical sensing type continuous multipoint displacement meter. The invention aims at providing the measuring device for the brillouin optical sensing type continuous multipoint displacement meter to simplify the whole structure, reduce construction difficulty and cost and accurately justify the occurrence location of an actual transformation. The technical schemes includes that the measuring device for the brillouin optical sensing type continuous multipoint displacement meter is characterized by comprising a brillouin optical sensing type continuous multipoint displacement meter which is solidified in a drill hole through grouting, a brillouin interrogator which is connected with the displacement meter through a transmission optical cable and a data analysis computer which is connected with the interrogator through signal lines. The measuring device for the brillouin optical sensing type continuous multipoint displacement meter is suitable for the safety monitoring fields of water conservancy,hydropower and geological engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of pick-up unit, particularly a kind of Brillouin light of the Rock And Soil deep displacement based on the brillouin distributed optical fiber sensing technology, mainly be applicable to water conservancy and hydropower and Geological Engineering safety monitoring field.
Background technology
In side slope, underground cavern excavation and large foundation engineering construction process, monitoring to the Rock And Soil deep displacement, the general sensors such as bed rock displacement meter, multipoint displacement meter that adopt, sensing unit is installed on the position, aperture, the transmission bar that connects different length, measure the displacement in the relative aperture of different depth anchored end, and the deep fixed point by supposing, the distortion in convert each measuring point and aperture.The sensor that adopts divides by sensing mode, common are differential resistance type, steel chord type, raster pattern etc.In use there are the problem of four aspects in present testing tool and method: the one, be subjected to the restriction of number of sensors, and usually can only measure at most the displacement of 4 ~ 5 some positions, be not enough to the accurate location of judging that practical distortion occurs; The 2nd, need the long transmission bar of several meters even tens of rice that the axial deflection in deep is reached the aperture, transmit the problems such as the expanding with heat and contract with cold of bar self, distortion, pressure bar stabilization, all may cause the measured value distortion; The 3rd, relative displacement needs measured value take deep point as benchmark in the conversion of absolute displacement, in case this measuring point inefficacy, then other measuring point all can't calculate; The 4th, when the measuring point of installing was more, sensor bar was also more, and the boring aperture that then requires is also larger, and difficulty of construction, cost all increase.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the problem for above-mentioned existence provides a kind of Brillouin light sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism, to simplify one-piece construction, to reduce difficulty of construction and cost, accurately judges the practical distortion occurrence positions.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light, it is characterized in that: it comprises by the Brillouin light sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter of cement-grouting consolidation in boring, the Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator that is connected with this displacement meter by transmission cable, and the data analysis computing machine that is connected with this (FBG) demodulator by signal wire.
Be provided with the photoswitch for the handover measurement circuit between described displacement meter and the Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator, this photoswitch is connected with the data analysis computing machine by signal wire.
Described displacement meter comprises the pvc pipe frame, is arranged in strain sensing optical fiber and temperature sensing optical fiber, the box loop that lays respectively at these pipe support two ends and connecting box on this pipe support, described strain sensing optical fiber one end is connected with temperature sensing optical fiber one end by the optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line that is positioned at box loop, the other end is connected with the temperature sensing optical fiber other end by the optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line that is positioned at connecting box, form a closed-loop path, the optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line that is positioned at connecting box is connected with one and extends outside transmission cable.
Described strain sensing optical fiber comprises one group of fibre core and one group of Kafra fiber that the space is arranged, and is arranged in fibre core and the outer sheath of Kafra fiber, and rib is encircled at the outer one group of interval of coaxial arrangement of this sheath uniformly.
The xsect of described sheath is the semicircle petal-shaped of end to end formation successively that four radiuses are 1mm.
Described fibre core is type single-mode fiber G.625B, totally four, lays respectively at the circle centre position of four semicircles; Described ring rib shape of cross section is identical with sheath, and its width and highly be 0.5mm.
Described pvc pipe frame comprises hollow tube, and every the outer sleeve of 1m coaxial arrangement outside this hollow tube, between described hollow tube and the outer sleeve back up pad is set.
Described hollow tube external diameter is 20mm; The outer sleeve external diameter is 50mm, wide 0.2m.
Described connecting box is provided with steel protective outward.
Described temperature sensing optical fiber adopts common armouring pine cover communications optical cable, and fibre core quantity is 2 ~ 4 cores; Transmission cable adopts 8 ~ 16 core communications optical cables; Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator adopts the instrument of BOTDR or BOTDA type.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts the continuous multipoint displacement meter based on brillouin distributed optical fiber sensing, take the light time territory or frequency-domain analysis be the basis, by the back-scattering light in the optical fiber is carried out demodulation, thereby obtain optical fiber continuous temperature and Strain Distribution information along the line, axial strain amount to each position along the line of optical fiber in the gaging hole is monitored, the measuring point spacing is minimal to 5 ~ 10cm, pass through integral and calculating, can obtain the relative deformation of each section, and take the deep fixed point as basic calculation absolute displacement amount, compared to prior art, not only can judge more really and accurately the position that practical distortion occurs, and difficulty of construction is less, cost is lower; In addition, the present invention is simple in structure, advanced technology, novelty, and boring aperture is little, and simple installation, measured value contain much information, with a high credibility, and performance is better than existing sensor.
Strain sensing optical fiber adopts the section structure of four circular arcs, and be furnished with Kafra fiber, has strengthened that optical fiber is anti-ly turned round, the ability of anti-folding, guarantees in cable laying operation and the filling process not sensitive for damages.Strain sensing fiber core hard-pressed bale, skin is provided with the ring rib, can strengthen the bonding area of optical fiber and outside mortar cylinder, improves friction resistance, promotes optical fiber and measured body deform in same pace.The sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter of Brillouin light that adopts this strain sensing optical fiber and custom-designed pvc pipe frame to make, it is a kind of full distributed original position deformation measuring device, compare traditional multipoint displacement meter larger advantage is being arranged aspect measuring point quantity, accuracy, the reliability, hollow tube can be done grout pipe or gas outlet, installation and the provisions for grouting of sensor are integrated, construct also easier.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of the continuous multipoint displacement meter of Brillouin light sensing among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the A-A of Fig. 2 is to sectional view.
Fig. 4 is that the B-B of Fig. 2 is to sectional view.
Fig. 5 is that the C-C of Fig. 2 is to sectional view.
Fig. 6 is that the D-D of Fig. 2 is to sectional view.
Fig. 7 is that the E-E of Fig. 2 is to sectional view.
Fig. 8 is the structural drawing of strain sensing optical fiber among the present invention.
Fig. 9 is that the A-A of Fig. 8 is to sectional view.
Figure 10 is that the B-B of Fig. 8 is to sectional view.
Figure 11 is strain and displacement distribution monitoring result map of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, photoswitch 22 and Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator 23 that the present embodiment comprises the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter 21 of Brillouin light, is connected successively by transmission cable and this displacement meter, and the data analysis computing machine 24 that is connected with this (FBG) demodulator by signal wire; Wherein the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter 21 of Brillouin light is installed in the boring, and seals fixed by grouting; Photoswitch 22 is used for the handover measurement circuit; Data analysis computing machine 24 is connected with photoswitch 22 by signal wire.Its principle of work is: the light signal that the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter 21 of Brillouin light detects causes Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator 23 by transmission cable via photoswitch 22, measurement result is uploaded in real time data analysis computing machine 24 and carries out analytical calculation, and simultaneously data analysis computing machine 24 can be assigned the relevant control instruction to Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator 23 and photoswitch 22 according to actual conditions.
According to the engineering actual conditions, Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator 23 can adopt BOTDR or BOTDA type instrument.
Such as Fig. 2-shown in Figure 7, the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter of described Brillouin light comprises pvc pipe frame 11, is arranged in strain sensing optical fiber 12 and the temperature sensing optical fiber 13 on this pipe support, the box loop 14 that lays respectively at these pipe support two ends and connecting box 15, and a transmission cable 19; Described strain sensing optical fiber 12 structures are as described below; Temperature sensing optical fiber 13 adopts common armouring pine cover communications optical cable, and fibre core quantity is 2 ~ 4 cores; Box loop 14 external diameter 38mm, high 0.3m are used for taking in optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line 18; Connecting box 15 external diameter 250mm, high 0.2cm for the protection of the connecting portion of sensor fibre and transmission cable 19, take in optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line 18 simultaneously; Transmission cable 19 adopts 8 ~ 16 core communications optical cables.Described strain sensing optical fiber 12 1 ends are connected with temperature sensing optical fiber 13 1 ends by the optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line 18 that is positioned at box loop 14, the other end is connected with temperature sensing optical fiber 13 other ends by the optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line 18 that is positioned at connecting box 15, forms a closed-loop path; The optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line 18 that is positioned at connecting box 15 is connected with transmission cable 19, in order to the communication that detects is carried out analytical calculation to the outside.In the practical application, an end that is provided with box loop 14 is positioned at the bottom of the hole, and an end that is provided with connecting box 15 is positioned at the place, aperture.
Described pvc pipe frame 11 comprises hollow tube 11-1, and every the outer sleeve 11-2 of 1m coaxial arrangement outside this hollow tube, between described hollow tube 11-1 and the outer sleeve 11-2 back up pad 11-3 is set.Described hollow tube 11-1 external diameter 20mm is extended to apart from about 0.8m place at the bottom of the hole by the aperture, and segmentation is installed; Outer sleeve 11-2 external diameter 50mm, wide 0.2m.
Be provided with steel protective 16 outside the described connecting box 15, protect and draw transmission cable 19.
Such as Fig. 8-shown in Figure 10, the present embodiment strain sensing optical fiber comprises four fibre core 1(G.625B type single-mode fibers), four Kafra fiber 3(du pont company a kind of synthon that the mid-1960s is developed last century, full name is " Fanglun 1414 "), be arranged in the outer sheath 2 of fibre core 1 and Kafra fiber 3, and one group of coaxial arrangement in sheath 2 surfaces, be used for increasing the ring rib 4 of friction resistance; In this example, the xsect of sheath 2 is the semicircle petal-shaped of end to end formation successively that four radiuses are 1mm, and the center of circle spacing of adjacent two semicircles is about 1.4mm; Four fibre cores 1 lay respectively at the circle centre position of four semicircles, and four Kafra fibers 3 lay respectively at the gap between adjacent two fibre cores 1, are used for increasing the tensile strength of optical fiber; Spacing between the adjacent two ring ribs 4 equates, is 9.5mm, encircles the width of rib 4 and highly is 0.5mm, and namely the strain sensing optical fiber section length of side with ribbing and not position with ribbing is respectively 4.4mm and 3.4mm.
In actual the use, at first need to carry out the installation of measurement mechanism, its concrete steps are as follows:
A, employing geological drilling rig should reach the fixed point that theoretical analysis or experience are estimated in position boring to be measured at the bottom of the hole, suggestion aperture 60 ~ 75mm, and when adopting other aperture, the cross dimensions of pvc pipe frame 11 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
B, cleaning boring check that the aperture in full hole all meets design requirement.
C, use OTDR instrument (optical time domain reflectometer, lower same) check the integrity of sensor fibre (comprising strain sensing optical fiber and temperature sensing optical fiber, lower same) and transmission cable 19.
D, at the foremost installation box loop 14 of pvc pipe frame 11, the fibre core of strain sensing optical fiber 12 and temperature sensing optical fiber 13 is terminal by in twos welding of optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line 18, form the loop, carry out the light loss inspection after the welding; The optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line 18 that wherein is positioned at front end is positioned at box loop 14.
E, according to field condition, by 1 ~ 2m connection segment hollow tube 11-1, assembling pvc pipe frame 11.Lay sensor fibre at medium position, sensor fibre is fixed in point type in the groove of back up pad 11-3 with thermoplastic or epoxy resin every about 1m, gently stretching, distortionless and bending of sensor fibre.The integrity that should use immediately OTDR inspect by instrument sensor fibre is finished in assembling, then can put into boring; Again check errorless after, can carry out the assembling of next section.
After f, pvc pipe frame 11 and the sensor fibre installation, again carry out the inspection of light loss, confirm errorless rear enforcement grouting.The slurries type can be mortar or grout, and proportioning is determined according to field condition.When boring direction makes progress, by hollow tube 11-1 slip casting; When boring direction is downward, by around slip casting, hollow tube 11-1 exhaust, can consider that also first slip casting about 4/5 inserts described continuous dislocation meter again.
G, at aperture place connecting box 15 is installed, sensor fibre dock with the heart yearn of transmission cable 19 in the box, interior every the length of coiling line of the numbering of record welding heart yearn and connecting box; Then at connecting box 15 outer installation protective covers 16.
H, installation data anacom 24, and are connected with photoswitch with Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator 23 and are connected and control.Normally used Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator 23 has the types such as BOTDR, BOTDA.Photoswitch 22 two ends connect respectively Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator 23 and transmission cable 19, are used for expanding the measurement port number of Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator 23, and 2 * N or 4 * N-type are used in suggestion, and N is by tested continuous multi-point displacement count number and effectively heart yearn quantity decision.
After the installation, can begin to measure, concrete steps are as follows:
A1, startup Brillouin (FBG) demodulator 23 are adjusted correlation parameter and are tested, and record is also preserved optimum parameter combinations for daily monitoring.
Measure for the first time immediately after b1, the grouting initial set, general continuous coverage 3 ~ 5 times is got its mean value as reference value.A bit of transmission cable being heated up or the processing of lowering the temperature with hot water or frozen water near the place, aperture, measure and record the fiber distance of temperature variation point, as position reference information in addition.
When c1, daily monitoring, log-on data anacom 24, control photoswitch 22 handover measurement circuits, and control Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator 23 and measure, read and store related data.In particular cases, but also manually-operated Brillouin (FBG) demodulator 23, by or directly do not connect transmission cables by photoswitch 22 and measure.
D1, according to construction note and positioning measurement result, set up the corresponding relation of fiber distance and actual hole depth.
E1, from the bottom of the hole to the aperture, along hole depth dependent variable is carried out integration, calculate the displacement at the bottom of each position relative opening, calculate or during fixed point that experience is estimated, this result also can think the absolute displacement amount of each position when reaching theoretical at the bottom of the hole.Computing formula is as follows:
In the formula: S (z) is the displacement at hole depth z place, and ε (z) is the actual measurement dependent variable at hole depth z place, and L is the degree of depth that optical fiber plays measuring point at the bottom of the hole.Any two points z
1And z
2Between relative shift, can be by S (z
1) and S (z
2) difference try to achieve.
When temperature in the hole obviously changes, need to utilize the Temperature Distribution measured value of temperature sensing optical fiber that the Strain Distribution measured value of strain sensor fibre is revised, computing formula is as follows:
In the formula: ε ' is revised dependent variable, and ε is the dependent variable measured value, and Δ T is the temperature variation measured value, C
1Be the coefficient of strain of strain sensing optical fiber, C
2Temperature coefficient for strain sensing optical fiber.
As shown in figure 11, the measurement result in the present embodiment comprises along the distributed data of the strain and displacement of hole depth.At hole depth 14 ~ 18m section, sensor fibre records the approximately stretching strain of 600 μ ε.Suppose the 20m place for fixed point, by to the aperture displacement that integration can obtain each position being carried out in strain at the bottom of the hole, more than reaching to the 14m place, displacement is about 2.3mm.
Claims (10)
1. sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light, it is characterized in that: it comprises by the Brillouin light sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter (21) of cement-grouting consolidation in boring, the Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator (23) that is connected with this displacement meter by transmission cable, and the data analysis computing machine (24) that is connected with this (FBG) demodulator by signal wire.
2. the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with the photoswitch (22) for the handover measurement circuit between described displacement meter (21) and the Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator (23), this photoswitch is connected with data analysis computing machine (24) by signal wire.
3. the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described displacement meter (21) comprises pvc pipe frame (11), be arranged in strain sensing optical fiber (12) and temperature sensing optical fiber (13) on this pipe support, lay respectively at box loop (14) and the connecting box (15) at these pipe support two ends, described strain sensing optical fiber (12) one ends are connected with temperature sensing optical fiber (13) one ends by the optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line (18) that is positioned at box loop (14), the other end is connected with temperature sensing optical fiber (13) other end by the optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line (18) that is positioned at connecting box (15), form a closed-loop path, the optical fiber thermoconnecting tray line (18) that is positioned at connecting box (15) is connected with one and extends outside transmission cable (19).
4. the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described strain sensing optical fiber (12) comprises one group of fibre core (1) and the one group of Kafra fiber (3) that the space is arranged, and being arranged in fibre core (1) and the outer sheath (2) of Kafra fiber (3), rib (4) is encircled at the outer one group of interval of coaxial arrangement of this sheath uniformly.
5. the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the xsect of described sheath (2) is the semicircle petal-shaped of end to end formation successively that four radiuses are 1mm.
6. the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described fibre core (1) is type single-mode fiber G.625B, totally four, lays respectively at the circle centre position of four semicircles; Described ring rib (4) shape of cross section is identical with sheath (2), and its width and highly be 0.5mm.
7. the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described pvc pipe frame (11) comprises hollow tube (11-1), and every the outer sleeve (11-2) of 1m coaxial arrangement outside this hollow tube, between described hollow tube (11-1) and the outer sleeve (11-2) back up pad (11-3) is set.
8. the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described hollow tube (11-1) external diameter is 20mm; Outer sleeve (11-2) external diameter is 50mm, wide 0.2m.
9. the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the outer steel protective (16) that is provided with of described connecting box (15).
10. the sensor-type continuous multipoint displacement meter measurement mechanism of Brillouin light according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described temperature sensing optical fiber (13) adopts common armouring pine cover communications optical cable, and fibre core quantity is 2 ~ 4 cores; Transmission cable (19) adopts 8 ~ 16 core communications optical cables; Brillouin's (FBG) demodulator (23) adopts the instrument of BOTDR or BOTDA type.
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| CN103438820A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-11 | 南京大学 | Borehole profile rock and soil mass layered deformation optical fiber measuring method |
| CN106289583A (en) * | 2016-09-11 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Engineering of integrating anchor stress measurement read apparatus |
| CN108442725A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 武汉地震工程研究院有限公司 | A kind of compound structural strengthening for working out carbon cloth type of multi-core optical fiber and state monitoring apparatus and method |
| CN108534730A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-09-14 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | A kind of device for measuring soil body deeply mixing cement-soil pile and surface settlement in real time |
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| CN111678454A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-18 | 安徽理工大学 | Distributed monitoring system and method for coal pillar stability |
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| CN108442725A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 武汉地震工程研究院有限公司 | A kind of compound structural strengthening for working out carbon cloth type of multi-core optical fiber and state monitoring apparatus and method |
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| CN109083639B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-07-16 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | A method of laying vertical fiber and injection hole sealing in gun drilling |
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| CN111678454A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-18 | 安徽理工大学 | Distributed monitoring system and method for coal pillar stability |
| CN114518095A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-20 | 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 | Rock-soil mass deep displacement monitoring method |
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