CN1030270C

CN1030270C - Computerized electric organ with instruction system

Info

Publication number: CN1030270C
Application number: CN 90108769
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁允伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-10-27
Filing date: 1990-10-27
Publication date: 1995-11-15
Anticipated expiration: 2005-10-27
Also published as: CN1061103A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a computer electric organ with an instruction system, which is characterized in that the electric organ can respectively instruct the upper score or lower score performance of music through indication lamps and simultaneously make the lower score or upper score music automatically perform to form background music. In addition, the electronic organ also instructs function keys and has the function of changing tone. The present invention is a high-grade electronic musical instrument with complete functions and simple structure, and is especially suitable for the teaching and training of electronic organs.

Description

Computerized electric organ with instruction system

The present invention relates to electronic musical instrument, relate in particular to Computerized electric organ with guidance system.

Mellotron is the novel musical instrument of making by means of electronic technology, because it uses electro coupled oscillator and various circuit as the sounding means, therefore, it can not only simulate the tone color of various musical instruments and some sound equipment of occurring in nature, and many mellotrons have the automatic accompaniment of chord and rhythm and the device of various special sound effects.As novel musical instrument, mellotron has that tone is accurate, range is broad, tone color is abundant and the changeable advantage of sound equipment, thereby its one occurs, and has just caused the music public's very big interest.

The Computerized electric organ that development in recent years is got up, owing to use system controlled by computer, thereby give mellotron with stronger function, for example some mellotron (as Casio CT-810 and Yamaha PC-1000 etc.) has " automatic playing " function and " melody guidance system ", so that the user learns the performance of melody.

" automatic playing " function is the melody that has melody or the storage of automatic playing user usefulness mellotron memory storage among the mellotron automatic playing ROM." melody guidance system " is to instruct the user to imitate the melody of playing among the ROM, and it is to be undertaken by the demonstration of row's pilot lamp of keyboard top, and the player can play these notes respectively according to the glittering order of pilot lamp.

But the automatic playing of existing mellotron and the function of guidance system are perfect inadequately, have following deficiency:

At first, manyly play that bent (going up spectrum here is defined as the right hand and plays staff by upper and lower spectrum, following spectrum is defined as left hand and plays staff) form, and that difficulty is played in the guidance that existing guidance system does not have upper and lower spectrum guiding function respectively, beginner to accept upper and lower spectrum simultaneously is bigger.

Secondly, existing guidance system has pilot lamp to instruct to key, but to no pilot lamp guidances such as function key such as tone color, rhythm, chord, trill.Concerning the beginner, ideally perform a piece of music, the guidance of function key also needs.

Again, the existing mellotron function that do not modify tone mostly, the beginner plays numbered musical notation when not grasping the modified tone technology, and running into the song that is not c major will have any problem.

The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and can select spectrum and/or compose the mellotron that instructs down.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of mellotron that all buttons are all instructed.

Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of mellotron that the modified tone function is arranged.

Purpose of the present invention realizes by following manner:

Comprise the source of sound generation device according to mellotron of the present invention, pitch time is generation device, press key input device, display device and control device at interval.Comprise in the described control device/descend that spectrum instructs control device and modified tone control device, in display device, comprise the pilot lamp of indication key and function key.

On described/down spectrum instructs in the control device music data to divide upper and lower spectrum to store respectively and carries out respective handling respectively, each key and function key be all with the corresponding encoded storage in addition, thus can according on the melody/following spectrum instructs respectively.In described modified tone control device,,, other accent realizes the modified tone function thereby adding corresponding modified tone coefficient based on c major.

According to the present invention and since can select spectrum or down spectrum instruct, compose or upward compose the formation background music and make down simultaneously, thereby more convenient when the player is learnt.

Because each key and function key all have indication, when the automatic playing melody, when playing, can show the playing procedure of melody, when the needs indication performs a composition, each key that can point out the player to operate to comprise function key, thereby directive function is more complete.

Because the modified tone function is arranged, this mellotron uses more easy.

Fig. 1 is the system chart of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of press key input device shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of display device shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 4 is the panel synoptic diagram of mellotron of the present invention.

On in Fig. 5-Fig. 9 control device shown in Figure 1/spectrum instructs control device, automatic playing control device and the conventional workflow diagram of playing control device down.

Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B are the workflow diagrams of the modified tone control device in the control device shown in Figure 1.

Narrate one embodiment of the present of invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, various advantages of the present invention and effect will be more readily apparent from by narration, but it does not limit scope of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, mellotron comprises: control device 1, pitch time is generation device 8, press key input device 9, display device 10, source of sound generation device 11, filter cell 12, percussion music generation device 13, power amplifier unit 14 and loudspeaker 15 at interval.

The course of work of control device 1 control mellotron, its hardware is formed and is comprised CPU (central processing unit) (CPU) 3, ROM4, RAM5 and interface circuit unit 6.CPU (central processing unit) can adopt single chip microcomputer as 8031,8035.Also can adopt universal cpu chip such as Z-80.ROM4 deposits the control program of mellotron and the bent upper and lower spectrum data of demonstrating, and can adopt various general slice, thin pieces, and its storage capability is set as required, for example adopts the capacity of 32K * 8, by changing the bent ROM card of demonstration, replaceable demonstration song.RAM5 is used to deposit the various status informations of mellotron, also adopts general-purpose chip, and memory capacity for example is 8K * 8.The interface circuit unit is used for the connection of control device 1 and other device, and it can adopt for example 8255 common interface chips such as grade.The spectrum that comprises control device 1/descend instructs control device, modified tone control device, automatic playing control device and the conventional control device (all not shown) of playing, and its course of work will describe in detail below.

Pitch time generation device 8 at interval is used to regulate the speed of beat or the speed of automatic playing, for example is made up of the RC oscillator, and the R resistance of regulating wherein is the scalable beat, and this clock pulse causes the interruption of CPU3.The state of press key input device 9 input keys and function key, this state " reads " to go into control device 1, and button preferably all adopts the conductive rubber contact.Display device 10 usefulness for example light emitting diode are indicated the key and the function key of mellotron, are used in reference to the performance of leading the player.Source of sound generation device 11 produces the signal of analog instruments sound, and it can adopt for example special-purpose source of sound generation such as M112, M114 chip.Filter cell 12 is made up of to improve the tonequality of analog instruments sound the high and low pass filter or the bandpass filter of routine.Percussion music generation device 13 produces acoustic signals such as bass drum, tenor drum, hairpin.The output of filter cell 12 and percussion music generation device 13 is pronounced by loudspeaker 15 after power amplifier unit 14 amplifies.When a certain key of press key input device 9 by on time, the state of this key " is read in " control device 1 by interface circuit unit 6, by control device 1 according to the represented note of this button and function control source of sound generation device 11 with according to the pitch time arrangement of rhythm among generation device 8, the ROM4 at interval, control percussion music generation device, the sound signal that this stream oriented device produces is amplified after loudspeaker 15 sounding by power amplifier unit 14.

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 has provided the example of a circuit composition of press key input device shown in Figure 19, among the figure, and O ₁-O ₂₃Be the output line of the common interface chip of interface circuit unit 6, P ₀-P ₅Be its incoming line, B ₁-B ₆₁Be key, all the other are function key, and when keyboard scan, the output line of common interface chip is in turn low level, if having certain key by by, then the incoming line of the common interface chip that links to each other with this key is imported " 0 ", thus key-press status " is read in " control device 1.

Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 has provided the example of a circuit composition of display device shown in Figure 1 10, among the figure, and O ' ₀-O ' ₁₄, P ' ₀-P ' ₅Be the output line of common interface chip, if need the Fij lamp bright when indicating a certain key or function key, O ' then _iLine output low level (all the other output lines are high level), the Pj ' line are high level (all the other are low level), thereby light emitting diode lamp Fij lights.

Above-mentioned Fig. 2, circuit shown in Figure 3 are the prior aries of knowing in this technical field, obviously, can easily make all circuit variation to finish identical functions.Key shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and pilot lamp configuration see also Fig. 4.

Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the panel synoptic diagram according to mellotron of the present invention.Among the figure, the 15th, loudspeaker; B ₁-B ₆₁It is key; C ₁-C ₆₁It is the light emitting diode lamp of the corresponding key of indication; D ₁Be rhythm speed regulator potentiometer (fine tuning), D ₂Be rhythm speed coarse adjustment potentiometer, D ₁, C ₂Be arranged in the cadence time interval generation device 8; D ₃Be total volume control potentiometer, it is arranged in the power amplifier unit 14; D ₄Be the rhythm volume control potentiometer, be arranged in the percussion music generation device; D ₅Be the chord volume control potentiometer, be arranged in the source of sound generation device 11; E ₁Be to select normally to play button, E ₂Be to select to accuse chord button, E ₃Be to select the finger button; F ₀It is the automatic playing bent button of demonstrating; F ₁Be meant that guided missile plays button, press this button, then mellotron lights the pilot lamp of corresponding key and function key according to demonstration Qu Yici, thereby instructs the player to play, F ₂Be that automatic playing is from recording bent button; F ₃Be from recording button; F ₄Be to instruct spectrum button down, press this button, then mellotron only instructs the player to play down spectrum with pilot lamp, forms background music and go up the spectrum automatic playing; F ₅Be to instruct to go up the spectrum button, press this button, then mellotron instructs the player to play the spectrum melody with pilot lamp, and the spectrum automatic playing forms background music down; F ₆Be the modified tone button, the performance that is used to modify tone is when for example pressing key " D " key, again by the modified tone button F ₆, then transfer key can play D and transfer song by C, practical especially in occasions such as Karaokes; G ₀It is the rhythm start or stop button; G ₁It is the cadence synchronization shift knob; G ₂It is the trill shift knob; G ₃It is the time-delay trill button; G ₄It is the lingering sound button; G ₅Be the arpeggio selector button, G ₆Be to insert button, be used to insert tum; H ₁-H ₄Be four kinds of bass accompaniment selector buttons; I ₁-I ₄Be four kinds of harmony accompaniment selector buttons; J ₁-J ₄Be four kinds of arpeggio accompaniment selector buttons; K ₁-K ₁₆Be 16 kinds of rhythm selector buttons; L ₁-L ₁₆Be 16 kinds of tone color selector buttons.M ₁-M ₄₆Be the light-emitting diode display of indicating above-mentioned each function key respectively, these C ₁-C ₆₁And M ₁-M ₄₆The circuit of light-emitting diode display by for example being shown in Fig. 3 it is lighted by control device 1 control, play melody to instruct the player.

In order to store the state of key in RAM, each key must be encoded, and provides a kind of coding example of button and time-delay below:

(1) coding pressed of key:

N ₁=001 first octave N ₂=0000 C

Sound

N ₁=010 second octave N ₂=0001 C ^#

Sound

N ₁=011 the 3rd octave N ₂=0010 D

Sound

N ₁=100 the 4th octave N ₂=0011 D ^#

Sound

N ₁=101 the 5th octave N ₂=0100 E

Sound

N ₁=011 the 6th octave N ₂=1011 B

Sound

(2) coding of key release:

Bit7=0, all the other 7 arbitrarily.

(3) coding of delay time:

The time of P=0001 minim

The time of P=0010 crotchet

The time of P=0011 quaver

The time of P=0100 semiquaver

The time of P=0101 demisemiquaver

(4) tone color is selected coding:

First byte: 1F

Second byte: Gao Siwei is any

N ₂-0000 tone color 1

N ₂=0001 tone color 2

┆

N ₂=1111 tone colors 16

(5) rhythm is selected coding:

First byte: 2F

Second byte: Gao Siwei is any.

N ₂=0000 rhythm 1

N ₂=0001 rhythm 2

┆

N ₂=1111 rhythm 16

(6) coding is selected in function, accompaniment:

First byte: OF

Second byte:

Bit7: close for rhythm " 0 ", and open for rhythm " 1 "

Bit6: " 0 " is to close synchronously, and " 1 " is for opening synchronously

Low 4: 0001: normally play

0010: accuse chord

0010: finger

The 3rd byte:

Bit7: close for the time-delay trill " 0 ", and open for the time-delay trill " 1 ".

Bit6: close for trill " 0 ", and open for trill " 1 ".

Low 4: 0001: bass 1

0010: bass 2

0010: bass 3

1000: bass 4

Nybble:

Bit6: close for lingering sound " 0 ", and open for lingering sound " 1 "

Low four: 0001: chord 1

0010: chord 2

0100: chord 3

1000: chord 4

The 5th byte:

Bit7: close for arpeggio " 0 ", and open for arpeggio " 1 "

Bit6: close for inserting " 0 ", and open for inserting " 1 "

Low four: 0001: arpeggio 1

0010: arpeggio 2

0100: arpeggio 3

1000: arpeggio 4

(7) end mark:

7F

Though above-mentioned example provides for eight bit CPUs, obviously the CPU for other word length can set respective coding equally, it is equally clear that this coding can have various mapping modes.

Should note, in the coding example that provides, key, function key coding and time-delay coding are separate, and unlike in many Computerized electric organs pronunciation being coded in simultaneously with time-delay, these characteristics of the present invention make it when implementing the workflow of electronic organ performance function greater flexibility be arranged and can save the capacity of storage.

On illustrating in the control device that is shown in Fig. 1 below with reference to Fig. 5-Figure 10/spectrum instructs control device, automatic playing control device, the conventional workflow of playing control device and modified tone control device down.

Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the initialization flow process, is started by energized in step 31, step 33 is carried out initialization process, as storehouse is set, clear RAM, interface chip initialization etc., flow process proceeds to 35 then, in the data of step 35 display device 10 display buffers, flow process proceeds to 37, has judged whether the caused interruption of pitch time spacing pulse in step 37, apply for that if any interrupting then flow process proceeds to the break in service flow process, apply for that as not interrupting then flow process is returned step 35.

Referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the selected songs treatment scheme of break in service flow process, when judging that in the step 37 of Fig. 5 when the application of interruption was arranged, flow process entered 41, step 41 scan function key then flow process proceed to step 43, judge whether to play button F in step 43 by guidance ₁Or F ₀, promptly whether require the bent guiding function of demonstrating, if, then judge whether to need selected songs in step 45, if operation just begins, promptly still do not have the choosing demonstration bent, then flow process proceeds to 48, determines that by the scanning key (see below and state, selected songs are by by F in selected song in step 48 ₀Or F ₁Behind the key again by determining with the corresponding key of described song), the memory address pointer of upper and lower spectrum is set, interrupt returning in step 49 then, if determine selected songs in step 45, then flow process proceeds to the following spectrum treatment scheme of Fig. 7.When judging in step 43 is not that then flow process proceeds to 47, makes other function treatment in step 47 when demonstrating bent guiding function, and for example, routine is played and the control that modifies tone, and flow process is returned through step 49 then.Routine is played and is seen Fig. 9, and the control that modifies tone sees also Figure 10.

Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the following spectrum treatment scheme of break in service flow process, judge in step 51 whether the delay process sign is set up, promptly whether took out the delay data coding, as not having then in step 53, take off the spectrum data according to address pointer (1), differentiate in step 55 whether the following spectrum data of taking out are the time-delay codings then, result of determination is that time-delay encodes then that flow process proceeds to step 57, the time delay constant that takes out in this step send time counter (1), set up delay process sign (1) in step 59 then, if, step 51 just differentiate set up delay process sign (1) or step 59 set up delay process sign (1) then flow process enter 61, subtract 1 at step 61 time counter (1), whether differentiate this time counter (1) in step 63 then is zero, be that time delay constant whether finish by executed, be not equal to zero flow process as time counter (1) and enter the spectrum treatment scheme, otherwise, if time counter (1) equals zero, then flow process is removed the delay process sign through step 64 and is entered the spectrum treatment scheme again.Whether as judging that taking out data is not the time-delay coding, is function, rhythm, tone color coding in step 65 judgement in step 55 then, if, then make function, rhythm, tone color encoding process in step 67, that is, realize corresponding function and change the display buffer data, be used for interrupting returning the back demonstration.Flow process enters step 69 then, and modified address pointer (1) returns step 53 and takes off the spectrum data again.If judge it is not function, rhythm, tone color coding in step 65, then judge in step 71 whether key is encoded, encode if not key, then the following spectrum data of explanation taking-up are neither time-delay is encoded, the function key coding is not again that the key coding then must be that this demonstration song finishes, so flow process proceeds to step 73, finish encoding process, send address pointer (1) the melody first address, flow process is returned step 53 guidance that circulates again.If judge it is the key coding in step 71, then flow process proceeds to 75, composes key under whether step 75 judgement need show, promptly judges F ₄Whether key is pressed, show spectrum key down if desired, then in step 77 sending into display buffer with the corresponding video data of this key, return 53 in step 79 modified address pointer (1) flow process then, if need not show spectrum key down, then flow process is done the pronunciation processing in step 78, promptly controls source of sound and produces 11 generation respective audio signals, and flow process is returned step 53 through step 79 then.

Referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is that going up of break in service flow process composed treatment scheme, it and flow process shown in Figure 7 are basic identical, and difference only is: lacked 65,67,69 3 steps in the flow process shown in Figure 7, this is because function, rhythm, tone color are finished in handling in spectrum down.Because it is identical to be shown in the surplus all flow processs with Fig. 7 of flow process base of Fig. 8, so no longer repeat.Flow process enters from step 94 and plays treatment scheme.

Go up the spectrum processing again though descend spectrum to handle in the present embodiment earlier, otherwise obviously also can reach same function.

Referring to Fig. 9, Fig. 9 is the treatment scheme of playing of break in service flow process, in step 105, key scanning, generation key coding, flow process proceeds to 107 then, differentiates the chord of whether need accompanying in step 107 and handles, then handle if desired at step 109 chord data of accompanying, flow process proceeds to step 111 then, need not accompany that chord is handled then flow process directly proceeds to step 111 if differentiate in step 107, in step 111, select pronunciation channel, the key sign indicating number is sent into the pronunciation buffer zone; In step 113, the buffer data that will pronounce is sent into source of sound generation device 11 then, and flow process interrupts returning in step 115.

Figure 10 A, 10B are the workflow diagrams of the modified tone control device in the control device.

Its modified tone principle of mellotron of the present invention is: making the relative modified tone coefficient of c major is 0, establishes C ^#The relative modified tone coefficient of transferring is+1 ... the relative modified tone coefficient of the big accent of G is+7, numbered musical notation c major key is added the key sign indicating number that relative modified tone coefficient is just pronounced and stores, during addition, adopt duodecimal complement code, for the pronunciation key sign indicating number that is lower than minimum key octave of rising when handling, for being higher than the pronunciation key sign indicating number of high key, an octave descends when handling.

Referring to Figure 10 A, it is the break in service flow process of modified tone control device, at step 120 scanning key,, in RAM, deposit the key of pressing key in step 122, judge in step 124 whether modified tone key F6 presses then, as press the F6 key, then determine the modified tone coefficient according to key in step 128, otherwise, making the modified tone coefficient in step 126 is zero, and flow process interrupts returning in step 130 behind definite modified tone coefficient.

Figure 10 B is a modified tone control device pronunciation treatment scheme, and this flow setting is in the step 111 and step 113 of Fig. 9.Referring to Figure 10 B,, make the key of pronunciation equal actual key+modified tone constant by qin in step 132, in step 134, select pronunciation channel then, the key of pronunciation is sent into the pronunciation buffer zone, flow process enters step 136 then, in this step, the pronunciation buffer data is sent into source of sound generation device 11.

Its operation is summarized as follows according to mellotron of the present invention:

1. routine is played:

Turn on the power switch and after functions such as selection tone color, rhythm, to play then.

2. modify tone and play:

To rise 5 semitones, promptly readjusting the distribution the F tuning by C is example.Turn on the power switch earlier, on key, press the F key,, discharge the F key then and can modify tone and play again by modified tone key F6.

3. automatic playing ROM demonstration is bent:

To select the second first song is example.Turn on the power switch earlier, by the automatic playing bent button F of demonstrating ₀, press second key (B of key then ₂Key) (selected songs) discharge this key again, and mellotron is that automatic playing is by B ₂Key selected second is first bent.

4. upper and lower spectrum instructs simultaneously plays ROM demonstration song:

To select the second first song is example.Turn on the power switch earlier, play button F by guidance ₁, press the second key (B of key ₂Key) discharges this key then, can play according to the guidance of pilot lamp.

5. upper and lower spectrum instructs respectively plays ROM demonstration song:

To select the 3rd first song, last spectrum instructs and plays and compose automatic playing down is example.Turn on the power switch earlier; Play button F by guidance ₁, discharge this key then by the 3rd key (B3 key) of key, at this moment F ₄, F ₅Key is opened automatically; Close and instruct spectrum button F down ₄, can play according to the guidance of pilot lamp.

As mentioned above, according to the present invention, provide a kind of mellotron that improves guiding function and modified tone function that has, it is more suitable for being widely used in beginner's study and in mellotron education, training.

Claims

1, a kind of mellotron with guidance system, comprise the source of sound generation device, pitch time is generation device at interval, press key input device, display device and control device, it is characterized in that described control device comprises instructing by described display device plays on the melody spectrum or spectrum down, make spectrum melody under simultaneously or go up the spectrum automatic playing with form background music on/compose down and instruct control device; Described display device comprises the indicating lamp device that can indicate key and each function key; In described control device, key, function key coding and time-delay coding are absolute codings.

2, mellotron as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described control device also comprises the modified tone control device that adds the variation tone effect of modified tone constant generation preliminary election by the button note.