CN103026446A - Apparatus for harvesting electrical power from mechanical energy - Google Patents
Apparatus for harvesting electrical power from mechanical energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103026446A CN103026446A CN2011800216123A CN201180021612A CN103026446A CN 103026446 A CN103026446 A CN 103026446A CN 2011800216123 A CN2011800216123 A CN 2011800216123A CN 201180021612 A CN201180021612 A CN 201180021612A CN 103026446 A CN103026446 A CN 103026446A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- H02K99/10—Generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N35/00—Magnetostrictive devices
- H10N35/101—Magnetostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. generators, sensors
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Abstract
An apparatus for harvesting electrical power from mechanical energy is described. The apparatus includes: a flux path. The flux path includes: a magnetic material having a magnetic property that is a function of stress on the magnetic material; a first magnetically conductive material proximate the magnetic material; a magnet in the flux path, wherein a magnetomotive force of the magnet causes magnetic flux; and a component configured to transfer changes in load caused by an external source to the magnetic material.
Description
Federal Government is subsidized the statement of research
The government of the present invention under the U.S. contract number WC133R10CN0220 that National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration obtains supports and makes.Government enjoys some right of the present invention.
The cross reference of related application
The U.S. Provisional Application No.61/328 that the application requires to submit on April 27th, 2010 is by name " Mechanical Energy Harvester Method and Device(mechanical energy collection method and apparatus) ", 396 priority, this patent application by reference integral body is incorporated into this.The U. S. application No.13/016 that this application also requires is that submitted on January 28th, 2011, by name " Apparatus for Harvesting Electrical Power from Mechanical Energy(is used for the device from mechanical energy collection electric power) ", the rights and interests of 895 priority.The U. S. application No.13/016 that this application also requires is that submitted on January 28th, 2011, by name " the Wave energy gatherer that Wave Energy Harvester with Improved Performance(has improved performance) ", the rights and interests of 828 priority.
Background technology
Extensively adopting upward, industry can obtain and undoubtedly become one of the significant challenge in the current whole world for the good regenerative resource of environment.But such technology power-assisted economic growth also is of value to the global environment suffertibility, has also reduced in decades to come in us for the dependence of the fossil fuel that can exhaust.Oceanic energy and other regenerative resources have high potentiality, but still are the resources of owing to add utilization that can finish the clean energy resource of these targets.
Energy Information Administration estimates, global power consumption will be between 2006 to 2030 rises to 32,000,000,000,000 kWh from 18, has reflected 2.4% annual rate of increase.The coal electricity be also contemplated as bring this whole world of 42% to increase, then be regenerative resource 24% and natural gas 23%, remaining is nuclear power.American Electric Power consumption will with comparatively slowly speed increase, rise to 5.2 trillion kWhs by section from 4.1 in this time.The coal electricity is also contemplated as and brings this domestic growth of 39%, then is regenerative resource 32% and natural gas 18%.Contribution is estimated the water power of making a fresh start but not the regenerative resource of less environmental nuisance from the major part of regenerative resource.
New have sign cost-effectiveness, high energy efficiency and eco-friendly generation technology and will cause for the economy of the U.S. and population in the world, the benefit of health and safety with development.Because the clean energy resource generating is generally based on local resource, by giving local fuel enterprise's building work chance and obtaining the cheap energy, these technology can help to promote the local economic of coastal area.
The higher proportion of the market-share growth in the clean energy resource field can be so that the efficiency of capital, cost benefit and resource availability in the energy resources of 20 years rapid scales next.Collect the conventional method of oceanic energy, for example, all not meeting all these three standards---too in the very specific marine environment of capital intensive, not competitive cost of energy and requirement, this has limited quantity and the scale that affects therefore in potential place for they.So, when speaking of when affecting potentiality (impact potential), conventional oceanic energy system be not considered to wind energy, photovoltaic and underground heat belong to same class other.
The 3-5 that is estimated as the coal electricity from the power cost of conventional equipment doubly.Greatly do not departing from the situation of conventional method up to now, seeming possible is the pith that oceanic energy never can become global energy hybrid.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of device has been described.In one embodiment, this device is for the device from mechanical energy collection electric power.This energy collecting device comprises magnetic flux path.This magnetic flux path comprises the magnetic material of the magnetic property with strain stress on magnetic material; The first permeability magnetic material of contiguous this magnetic material; Magnet in this magnetic flux path, wherein the magnetomotive force of this magnet causes magnetic flux; And assembly, the variation in the load that is set to be caused by external source is transferred to this magnetic material.
Another embodiment of this device has been described.In one embodiment, this device is for the device from mechanical energy collection electric power.This device comprises the magnetic flux path of a base closed.This magnetic flux path comprises the magnetic material with magnetic property, and wherein this magnetic strain is in stress; Permeability magnetic material; With the permanent magnet in the magnetic flux path.This device comprises that also the variation in the load that is set to be caused by external source is transferred to assembly and at least one other assembly of this magnetic material, is used to apply prestressing force at this magnetic material.Other embodiment of this device have also been described.
A kind of embodiment of method has also been described.In one embodiment, the method is for the method from mechanical energy collection electric power.The method comprises: the assembly that is transferred to magnetic material with the variation in the load that is set to be caused by external source changes the magnetic property of this magnetic material, the wherein stress of this magnetic property strain on this magnetic material; Because the magnetomotive force that at least one permanent magnet in the magnetic flux path of the base closed that does not have air-gap applies causes change magnetic flux; And in response to the variation of magnetic flux in this magnetic material, in the conductive coil with respect to the magnetic flux path setting, induce voltage.
Other aspects of all embodiment of the present invention and advantage will become apparent in describing in detail below considering as the accompanying drawing shown in the example of the principle of the invention.
Description of drawings
The power density strain that Fig. 1 illustrates magnetostrictive iron-aluminum alloy materials is in being applied to the load on this material and applying diagram with an embodiment of the relation of the frequency that discharges this mechanical load.
Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of an embodiment of energy collecting device.
Fig. 3 is illustrated in the schematic diagram of microcomputer modelling of an embodiment of the magnetic flux path of the magnetic material in the load application devices.
Fig. 4 is illustrated in the schematic diagram of microcomputer modelling of an embodiment of the magnetic flux path of the magnetic material in the load application devices.
Fig. 5 illustrates the diagram of flux density magnitude of the magnetic flux path of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 illustrates the diagram of flux density magnitude of the magnetic flux path of Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 illustrates the schematic diagram of an embodiment of energy collecting device.
Fig. 8 illustrates the schematic diagram of an embodiment of energy collecting device.
Fig. 9 illustrates the schematic diagram of an embodiment of energy collecting device.
Figure 10 illustrates for the flow chart from an embodiment of mechanical energy collection electric power.
Run through this description, similarly Reference numeral is used to identify similar key element.
Embodiment
Be understood that easily, usually describe to arrange and to design according to multiple different configuration with the assembly of all embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings here.Therefore, be not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure such as following more specifically description to various embodiment represented in all accompanying drawings, and just represent various embodiment.Although presented in the accompanying drawings the various aspects of all embodiment, unless otherwise indicated otherwise these accompanying drawings not necessarily draw in proportion.
The present invention also can other concrete forms embodies and does not deviate from its Spirit Essence or fundamental characteristics.Described all embodiment will only be regarded as illustrative and not restrictive in every respect.Therefore scope of the present invention specifically describes to indicate by appended claim rather than by this.Fall into the implication of equivalent of claim and scope change and be included in the scope of claim.
Run through this specification to the reference of feature, advantage or similar language throughout and do not mean that all feature and advantage that available the present invention realizes should or in any single embodiment of the present invention.The language of mentioning those feature and advantage should be understood to represent that specific features, advantage or characteristic in conjunction with an embodiment describes are included at least one embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, run through this specification to the discussion of those feature and advantage and similar language throughout can but not necessarily refer to same embodiment.
And institute of the present invention Expressive Features, advantage and characteristic can make up in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.Those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that according to the description of this paper, the present invention can put into practice under the one or more situation in those specific features that do not have a specific embodiment or advantage.In other example, can realize in certain embodiments it may not being supplementary features and the advantage that is present among all embodiment of the present invention.
Run through this specification, the reference of " embodiment ", " embodiment " or similar language throughout is meaned that special characteristic, structure or characteristic in conjunction with embodiment description that should be indicated are included at least one embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, run through this specification phrase " in one embodiment ", " in one embodiment " and similar language throughout can but not necessarily all refer to same embodiment.
Although described a lot of embodiment herein, at least some among the described embodiment have presented the method and apparatus that is used for from mechanical energy collection electric power.More specifically, embodiment has described the magnetic material of the magnetic property with strain stress on magnetic material, and the assembly that can be transferred to the variation in the load that will be caused by external source this material is handled this stress, thereby changes this magnetic property of this material.Then can change with this of magnetic property and come generation current or voltage.In certain embodiments, magnet is placed on to be adjacent to this magnetic material or to be adjacent to this load and shifts the magnetic that assembly changes this magnetic material.
At least some embodiment have presented the method and apparatus that is used for from mechanical energy collection electric power, and it comprises magnetic flux path, and this magnetic flux path comprises: the magnetic material with magnetic property of the stress of strain on magnetic material; Be adjacent at least one permeability magnetic material of at least one magnetic material; At least one magnet in the magnetic flux path, wherein the magnetomotive force of this magnet causes the magnetic flux in this magnetic material to pass through this at least one permeability magnetic material; With at least one assembly, the variation in the load that is set to be caused by external source is passed to this magnetic material.
Term " magnetic material " is broadly interpreted as and comprises the material that generally is considered to have specific magnetic as used herein, comprises magnetostrictive material, piezomagnetic material etc., but does not comprise permanent magnetic material.
An embodiment of energy gathering devices comprises at least one magnetic flux path, at least one magnet, at least one magnetic material that is comprised of at least one permeability magnetic material greater than 100 relative permeability, and this magnetic material has strain and allows mechanical load or vibration to be transferred to the design of this material at least one magnetic property of the stress on this material with under some nonzero frequency.This magnet can be permanent magnet or electromagnet, and provides bias field to this magnetic material.The part of bootable this magnetic flux of this magnet is by this permeability magnetic material.
In some embodiment of this equipment, be permeability with a special properties of the STRESS VARIATION in the material.In another embodiment, the special properties with STRESS VARIATION is saturation magnetization.In an embodiment of this equipment, in magnetic flux path, there is not air-gap.In another embodiment of this equipment, magnetic material is magnetostrictive material.In another embodiment of this equipment, when not having External Force Acting on this material, this magnetic material is in pre-stressed state, thus work as truly have External Force Acting the time, it can partly overcome or be superimposed upon on this prestressing force.In another embodiment of this equipment, this magnetic material is in the higher compressing stress state, generally greater than 1000psi, and in certain embodiments greater than 5000psi.
This equipment also can comprise conductive coil, such as copper coil, is provided so that will induce voltage and/or electric current by the variation in the magnetic flux of this magnetic material in coil.The type of coil and specific setting are not in office, and where face limits the scope of the invention.Thereby this coil can be insulated and prevent current transfer to other electric conducting materials and/or protect this coil to avoid and will use the injury of the environment of this energy gathering devices.In addition, this equipment can comprise various assemblies and structure, and it is designed to shift or carry the load that directly or indirectly is coupled to this magnetic material.In certain embodiments, thus one or more this equipment can be electrically connected in series or in parallel as application-specific and increase collected electric power or the energy of the various different amounts in the application are provided.
The potential advantages of an embodiment of energy gathering devices are, can collect electric power and not require in the random component of this equipment at this has significant motion.
Embodiments of the invention have also covered and have used equipment described herein to be used for the method for collecting and/or generating electricity.Can construct this equipment of various application, and the particular utility of such equipment is in office, and where face does not limit its scope.The specific embodiment of this equipment can be used to rush harvest energy from ocean wave, wind energy, construction package, machine and/or vibration component.
Each method and apparatus can be realized the principles described herein, for the prestressing force that applies and remain on this magnetic material, include but not limited to, adopt the mechanical load of load equipment and mechanical locking, based on prestressed combination in the technology of thermal expansion and the material processed process.
In certain embodiments, magnetic material is metal alloy.In certain embodiments, magnetic material is ferrous alloy.In certain embodiments, this ferrous alloy can comprise other elements, includes but not limited to aluminium, cobalt, chromium, gallium, silicon, molybdenum, tungsten and beryllium.In certain embodiments, magnetic material is terbium base, Ni-based or cobalt-based material.
The magnetic material of magnetostrictive equipment can be selected as increasing the efficient of this energy collecting device.Possible standard can comprise:
1, for higher energy efficiency, can use the magnetization with respect to the derivative of the high value of stress.In other words, the less variation of stress causes the higher variation of magnetic field intensity.
2, this material can have lower magnetic hysteresis in strain-magnetization curve.Lower magnetic hysteresis causes the loss of lower magnetic couple, also causes improved energy efficiency.
3, this material can have higher internal resistance.The higher internal resistance of alloy causes vortex flow and because the minimizing of the energy loss that causes of generation of heat in the magnetostrictive assembly.
4, this material can have low-down cost (minute/kWh) and therefore can avoid external/rare and expensive alloy assembly.
5, this material can have low weight (minute/kg) help reduce to install and/or maintenance cost.
According to the specific implementation of device, these and possible other standards can allow energy collecting device to be built as greater efficiency and/or more low-cost.Can be and use optional embodiment or other embodiment of piezomagnetic material to use other standards.
In some embodiment of equipment, the magnetic density that changes greater than 0.05 tesla can be produced by the variation of the load on the magnetic material.In some embodiment of equipment, can obtain the variation greater than the magnetic density of 0.3 tesla.Except the maximum of the magnetic flux density of material changes, but other important parameter strains are in system dimension with becomes originally definite generating efficiency.
Fig. 1 is illustrated in during equipment described herein arranges, strain in the load 104 that is applied to magnetic material and apply and discharge the every km of power density 102(watt of magnetostrictive iron-aluminum alloy materials of the frequency 106 of this mechanical load 104) between the diagram that concerns an embodiment of 100.
In order to show the as described here specific embodiment of energy collecting device, test to show the power generation that uses magnetostrictive material, these magnetostrictive material are equipped with bias field, and have the ability to change load 104 conditions on these magnetostriction parts.Yet other embodiment and embodiment described herein change in can be aspect one or more.The basic module of the current embodiment of energy collecting device comprises that force producer applies compression or tensile force to the combination of magnetostrictive parts or compression and tension load.
In addition, bias field can be superimposed on these magnetostrictive material.By magnet is set to create from arctic of magnet by this permeability magnetic material and magnetostriction parts and is back to the continuous flux path in the South Pole of this magnet along permeability magnetic material (that is, mild steel, iron, electrical steel etc.), finish.
The magnetic that changes the magnetostriction parts by the variation (this causes the variation of the magnetic flux that passes the magnetostriction parts) via load 104 conditions is finished power generation.In one embodiment, by the use round the copper coil of magnetostriction parts, magnetic flux in time variation produce electric power.
Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of an embodiment of energy collecting device 200.Although show magnetic material 205 and be described with the load application devices 210 of Fig. 2, magnetic material 205 or load application devices 210 can comprise still less or more assembly is realized still less or more function.The device 200 that comprises magnetic material 205 and load application devices 210 can be used in various collection of energy structures or the equipment.For example, all energy collecting devices 200 as described here can be combined with wave energy collector.Such collection of energy structure can comprise one or more energy collecting devices of serial or parallel connection.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the magnetostriction parts with magnetic material 205 are the long cylindrical bars of 6-inch, and its diameter is 1 inch.These magnetostriction parts comprise as described here magnetic material 205.The conductive coil (not shown) can center on this cylindrical bar.In one embodiment, this coil is made by the 14AWG electric wire of 180 circles.In one embodiment, what be positioned at each end of magnetostriction bar is mild steel rectangular strip 212,214, is of a size of 1.5 inches and multiply by 0.75 inch and 10 inchages.One or more magnet 216 can be placed on this rectangle low carbon steel strip 212,214 one or both ends.This device 200 also uses permeability magnetic material at each end of magnetostriction bar (such as mild steel), and the magnetic flux path of the magnet 216 on the magnet 216 on the top steel bar 212 and the bottom steel bar 214 is coupled together.This can be placed on the vertical plane by the rectangle steel bar 218 that will have similar size and finish, and not only touches the magnet 216 that is positioned at top steel bar 212 1 ends but also touch the magnet 216 that is positioned at steel bar 214 ends, bottom by this.With magnet 216 and permeability magnetic material 212,214,128, the resulting magnetic flux path that has created by the closed-loop of magnetic material 205 that arranges.The permeability magnetic material of other shapes and type can be used and be not limited to disclosed herein these.
Fig. 3 and 4 is that molded image 300, the 400(in magnetic flux 305 paths of magnetic material 205 in energy collecting device 300 of computer uses Vizimag software).This magnetic material can comprise magnetostrictive material.In this embodiment, energy collecting device 200 has two magnetic conduction bars 212,214 at magnetostriction bar two ends.In addition, magnet 216 is placed on a separately end of magnetic conduction bar 212,214, and additional magnetic conduction bar 218 is placed in and contacts with magnet 216 with the contacted top of magnetostriction bar and bottom strip 212,214 places.Therefore, have the top of magnet 216 and bottom strip 212,214 and left-hand bar 218 form closed-loops, the magnetic flux only about half of by this ring can pass through, and have the top of magnet 216 and bottom strip 212,214 and right side bar 310 form another closed-loops, can pass through by magnetic flux 305 paths that this ring is only about half of.
Because the amount of the magnetic flux 305 by the magnetostriction bar changes with respect to shifted the stress state that assembly 210 is applied on the magnetic material 205 by load, begin to come guide current along with the variation of the magnetic flux 305 by this coil around this bar and the conductive coil that is connected to circuit.The voltage strain that produces in the coil is in the amount of the magnetic flux that passes through this coil and the number of turn in the coil.The higher number of turn causes higher voltage.In certain embodiments, this lead loop can be copper cash.In other embodiments, conductive coil can comprise one or more electric conducting materials, comprises copper or other electric conducting materials.
Among the embodiment of the device 200 of describing herein, use the magnetostriction bar that has such as the size among Fig. 2 and lead loop, carry out the load experiment, wherein 16, the 000lb compressive load is applied to this magnetostriction bar and is released into the condition of zero compression load.The variation of the load 104 on this magnetostriction bar causes the variation by the magnetic flux 305 of this bar, has also changed the path by the magnetic flux 305 of energy collecting device 200.Variation in the caused magnetic flux 305 has produced 0.48 volt voltage and 1.92 amperes electric current, produces by this 0.92 watt instantaneous power.The final power strain that produces is in the cycle that can finish how many loads and unloading in each second.
Fig. 7 and 8 illustrates the optional embodiment of energy collecting device 200.Use high permeability materials, but the path complete closed of magnetic flux 305 or can seal by halves.Energy collecting device 200 among Fig. 7 comprises the magnetic conduction bar 212 that is positioned at the magnetostriction bar two ends with magnetic material 205,214 and be positioned at second group of magnetic conduction bar 218,310 at first group of magnetic conduction bar 212,214 two ends.Bias magnet 216 is placed in the magnetic flux path ring of the sealing that is formed by magnetic material 205 and magnetic stripe 212,214,218,310, and is different from the path that directly meets magnetic flux 305.Bias magnet 216 in this arranges changes the magnetic flux 305 that is created by magnetic material 205 and does not need to be arranged in the path of magnetic flux 305, although some magnetic fluxs 305 can be conducted through magnet 216.
The energy harvesting device 200 of Fig. 8 comprises the magnetic conduction bar 212,214 that is positioned at magnetostriction bar two ends, but is not connecting magnetic conduction bar 212, any other permeability magnetic material 205 of 214, is used to form the closed-loop of permeability magnetic material 205.Therefore, for each magnetic flux path ring, at least some magnetic fluxs 305 are by the air-gap between top magnetic conduction bar 212 and bottom magnetic conduction bar 214.All settings described herein cause electric power to produce and have showed some variations that can be changed for given design and optimizing application generating.
Fig. 9 illustrates another embodiment of energy collecting device 200.In this embodiment, bias magnet 216 or magnet are positioned at the end of magnetic material 205.In one embodiment, when applying by load application devices 210 that prestressing force stretches or compressive load 104 during to magnetic material 205, magnet 216 is included in the load paths.Therefore therefore, magnet 216 can be in the load paths, and through by compression or the power of tension load 104.In another embodiment, prestressing force is applied to this magnetic material 205 and then places magnet 216.In such embodiments, no matter being maintained, magnet 216 load paths put in place, and without undergoing compression or tension load 104.In certain embodiments, when magnet 216 is a load paths part, can use high strength magnet 216 or realize energy collecting device 200 in low load 104 scopes, thereby prevent from causing that owing to prestressing force or owing to be applied in the external loading 104 that is placed on the load application devices 210 at prestressing force magnet 216 is undermined or damaged.
Any embodiment of load application devices 210 described herein and/or magnetic material 205 is implemented in the energy collecting device 200, or the combination of embodiment can be used.Other settings of energy collecting device 200, load application devices 210 and/or magnetic material 216 can be used for any principle of harvest energy in conjunction with described herein.
Figure 10 illustrates for the flow chart from an embodiment of the method 1000 of mechanical energy collection electric power.Although described the method 1000 in conjunction with the energy collecting device 200 of Fig. 2, the embodiment of method 1000 can be implemented with the energy collecting device of other types.
Then at least one magnet 216 is placed 1010 at contiguous magnetic material 205 places.Magnetic flux 305 paths that magnet 216 reboots 1015 magnetic materials 205 to provide bias voltage magnetic field for magnetic material 205 and energy collecting device 200.In one embodiment, magnet 216 contacts with magnetic material 205 at an end of magnetic material 205.In another embodiment, magnet 216 does not contact with magnetic material 205, is that specific bias field changes magnetic flux 305 but enough approach.Magnet 216 can be placed as with first permeability magnetic material at the first end place that places magnetic material 205 and contact.In certain embodiments, the sectional area of at least one permeability magnetic material is basic identical with the sectional area of at least one permanent magnet.
Permeability magnetic material can be to have so that the bar 212 of the boring that magnetic material 205 passes, and magnetic material 205 can be fixed to this 212.In certain embodiments, magnet 216 can be placed in magnetic conduction bar 212 1 ends, thereby magnet 216 is arranged in magnetic flux 305 paths that created by magnetic material 205.The second magnetic conduction bar 214 can be placed on the second end of magnetic material 205, and magnet 216 can be placed on an end of the second magnetic conduction bar 214, thereby this device is almost symmetry.In other embodiments, magnet 216 can be placed in the end of magnetic material 205.Magnet 216 can be arranged in the load paths of load application devices 210.
In certain embodiments, this device 200 can have additional permeability magnetic material, such as bar 218, thereby by creating magnetic flux 305 paths of base closed from the north magnetic pole of magnetic material 205 to the permeability magnetic material of the south magnetic pole of magnetic material 205, thereby the path of magnetic flux 305 does not have air-gap substantially.In other embodiments, energy collecting device 200 can have one or more air-gaps in magnetic flux 305 paths.
In certain embodiments, magnet 216 can be placed in the ring in path of magnetic flux 305, rather than directly in the path of magnetic flux 305, so most of magnetic flux 305 does not pass magnet 216, but still changes magnetic flux 305 and provide bias field for magnetic material 205.The quantity of magnet 216 and magnetic force can be determined according to the specific implementation of energy collecting device 200.The embodiment of energy collecting device 200 can realize using the method 1000 of the magnetic material 205 of magnetostrictive material, piezomagnetic material or other types.
In one embodiment, with respect to the path of magnetic flux 305 conductive coil is set, like this when the magnetic flux 305 by magnetic material 205 owing to when being applied to external loading 104 on the device 200 and changing, in conductive coil, induce 1020 voltages.Voltage is with respect to type and the quantity of coil, and the magnetic flux 305 time dependent variations of passing through conductive coil.Can use energy collecting device 200 described herein to realize the additive method of induced voltage.
According to the principles described herein, prestressing force can be applied to the magnetic material 205 in the energy collecting device 200.Depend on embodiment, prestressing force is applied to compression or the tension load 104 that magnetic material 205 comes the magnetic field of bias voltage magnetic material 205 before can being included in and being placed on magnet 216 in the energy collecting device 200.
In certain embodiments, the magnetomotive force of magnet causes magnetic flux in the part of the magnetic flux path that comprises magnetic material and the first permeability magnetic material in the magnetic flux path.
The detail of various embodiment is provided in the above description.Yet some embodiment can put into practice in the situation of whole these details of deficiency.In other example, for the sake of simplicity with clear, some method, process, assembly, structure and/or function are with in detail to surpassing so that can realize that the mode of various embodiment of the present invention is described.
Although the operation of (all) methods illustrates and describes with particular order herein, thus the operating sequence of every kind of method can change some operation can reverse order carry out or so that some operation can carry out concurrently with other operations at least in part.In another embodiment, can be interrupted and/or over-over mode realizes instruction or the child-operation of different operating.
Although described and shown specific embodiments of the invention, the present invention is not limited to concrete form or a layout of the part of describing and illustrating.Scope of the present invention will be defined by appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (19)
1. device that is used for from mechanical energy collection electric power, described device comprises:
Magnetic flux path comprises:
Magnetic material, it has the magnetic property of the stress of strain on this magnetic material;
The first permeability magnetic material of contiguous described magnetic material;
Magnet in the described magnetic flux path, the magnetomotive force of wherein said magnet causes magnetic flux; With
Assembly, the variation in the load that is set to be caused by external source is passed to described magnetic material.
2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises being used to apply prestressing force at least one other assembly to the described magnetic material.
3. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described permeability magnetic material is provided at the magnetic flux path that does not substantially have air-gap between the north and south poles of described magnet.
4. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described the first permeability magnetic material comprises mild steel.
5. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described the first permeability magnetic material comprises electrical steel.
6. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described magnet comprises permanent magnet.
7. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described magnet comprises electromagnet.
8. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described magnetic material comprises magnetostrictive material.
9. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described magnetic material comprises piezomagnetic material.
10. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described magnetic property comprises the permeability of the described magnetic material that changes with the mechanical stress on the described magnetic material.
11. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described magnetic property comprises the saturation magnetization of the described magnetic material that changes with the mechanical stress on the described magnetic material.
12. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the conductive coil that arranges with respect to described magnetic flux path, wherein said conductive coil is set in response to the voltage and/or the electric current that produce induction by the variation in the magnetic flux of described magnetic material.
13. a device that is used for from mechanical energy collection electric power, described device comprises:
The magnetic flux path of a base closed comprises:
Magnetic material with magnetic property, wherein said magnetic property changes with stress;
Permeability magnetic material; With
Be arranged in the permanent magnet of described magnetic flux path;
Assembly, the variation in the load that is set to be caused by external source is passed to described magnetic material; With
At least one other assembly is used to apply prestressing force on described magnetic material.
14. device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described magnetic material comprises magnetostrictive material or piezomagnetic material.
15. device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described magnetic property comprises the permeability of the described magnetic material that changes with the mechanical stress on the described magnetic material.
16. device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described magnetic property comprises the saturation magnetization of the described magnetic material that changes with the mechanical stress on the described magnetic material.
17. device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, the sectional area of at least one permeability magnetic material and the sectional area of at least one permanent magnet are basic identical.
18. device as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, also comprise the conductive coil that arranges with respect to described magnetic flux path, wherein said conductive coil is set in response to the voltage and/or the electric current that produce induction by the variation in the magnetic flux of described magnetic material.
19. a method that is used for from mechanical energy collection electric power, described method comprises:
The assembly that is passed to magnetic material with the variation in the load that is set to be caused by external source changes the magnetic property of described magnetic material, the stress of wherein said magnetic property strain on described magnetic material;
Because the magnetomotive force that at least one permanent magnet in the magnetic flux path of the base closed that does not have air-gap applies changes magnetic flux; With
Variation in response to magnetic flux described in the described magnetic material induces voltage in the conductive coil with respect to described magnetic flux path setting.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US32839610P | 2010-04-27 | 2010-04-27 | |
| US61/328,396 | 2010-04-27 | ||
| US13/016,828 | 2011-01-28 | ||
| US13/016,895 US8212436B2 (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2011-01-28 | Apparatus for harvesting electrical power from mechanical energy |
| US13/016,895 | 2011-01-28 | ||
| US13/016,828 US8378512B2 (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2011-01-28 | Wave energy harvester with improved performance |
| PCT/US2011/033856 WO2011139655A1 (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2011-04-26 | Apparatus for harvesting electrical power from mechanical energy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103026446A true CN103026446A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011800216123A Pending CN103026446A (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2011-04-26 | Apparatus for harvesting electrical power from mechanical energy |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2564410A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5855090B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103026446A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2011248758A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112012027645A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2796413A1 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ603031A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011139655A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103904942A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-02 | 浙江理工大学 | Step generator |
| CN106026776A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-10-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Magnetostrictive film type tire vibration generation device |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5894832B2 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2016-03-30 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Power generation element |
| WO2018078642A1 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2018-05-03 | Indian Institute Of Technology, Guwahati | A microfluidic electrical energy harvester |
| CN110518830B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2022-01-18 | 江苏科技大学 | Column type flow-induced vibration energy harvesting device |
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| US2930911A (en) * | 1955-02-18 | 1960-03-29 | Kelvin & Hughes Ltd | Magnetostrictive transducers |
| US3044028A (en) * | 1958-04-23 | 1962-07-10 | Harris Transducer Corp | Magnetic circuit element transducer |
| US5357232A (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1994-10-18 | Tdk Corporation | Magnetostrictive element |
| WO2005062443A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-07-07 | Enocean Gmbh | Energy converter arranged on rotating elements and used to convert mechanical energy into electric energy |
| US20060255663A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2006-11-16 | Glycon Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for conversion of movement to electrical energy |
| JP2008072862A (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-27 | Citizen Holdings Co Ltd | Power generation device, and power generation apparatus with the same |
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| US3681982A (en) * | 1968-09-08 | 1972-08-08 | Yaskawa Denki Seisakusho Kk | Transducer system for detecting and measuring mechanical loads or stresses |
| US5045637A (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1991-09-03 | Nippon Steel Corp. | Magnetic shielding material |
| JP3541996B2 (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 2004-07-14 | Ｔｄｋ株式会社 | Magnetostrictive device |
| JPH0990065A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-04-04 | Seiko Epson Corp | Portable equipment with power generating device |
| SE524369C2 (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2004-07-27 | Mecel Ab | Method for increasing efficiency when using an engine and system unit |
| US20070242406A1 (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2007-10-18 | Annis Theodore C | Electricity generating apparatus utilizing a single magnetic flux path |
| US20090096219A1 (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2009-04-16 | Ted Annis | Energy generation apparatus and methods based upon magnetic flux switching |
| US8008816B2 (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2011-08-30 | Boise State University | Device with magnetoplastic and/or magnetoelastic thin-film transducer and pick-up coil for harvesting energy |
| JP2009296734A (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-17 | Shonan-Metaltec Corp | Oscillating generator |
-
2011
- 2011-04-26 EP EP11777892.8A patent/EP2564410A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-04-26 CN CN2011800216123A patent/CN103026446A/en active Pending
- 2011-04-26 WO PCT/US2011/033856 patent/WO2011139655A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-04-26 CA CA2796413A patent/CA2796413A1/en active Pending
- 2011-04-26 JP JP2013508140A patent/JP5855090B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-04-26 NZ NZ603031A patent/NZ603031A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-04-26 AU AU2011248758A patent/AU2011248758A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-04-26 BR BR112012027645A patent/BR112012027645A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2930911A (en) * | 1955-02-18 | 1960-03-29 | Kelvin & Hughes Ltd | Magnetostrictive transducers |
| US3044028A (en) * | 1958-04-23 | 1962-07-10 | Harris Transducer Corp | Magnetic circuit element transducer |
| US5357232A (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1994-10-18 | Tdk Corporation | Magnetostrictive element |
| US20060255663A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2006-11-16 | Glycon Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for conversion of movement to electrical energy |
| WO2005062443A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-07-07 | Enocean Gmbh | Energy converter arranged on rotating elements and used to convert mechanical energy into electric energy |
| JP2008072862A (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-27 | Citizen Holdings Co Ltd | Power generation device, and power generation apparatus with the same |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103904942A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-02 | 浙江理工大学 | Step generator |
| CN106026776A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-10-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Magnetostrictive film type tire vibration generation device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2011248758A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| JP5855090B2 (en) | 2016-02-09 |
| WO2011139655A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
| BR112012027645A2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
| CA2796413A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
| NZ603031A (en) | 2014-10-31 |
| EP2564410A4 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
| JP2013526256A (en) | 2013-06-20 |
| EP2564410A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |