CN103024301A - Imaging algorithm for floating gate type image sensor - Google Patents
Imaging algorithm for floating gate type image sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103024301A CN103024301A CN2013100114101A CN201310011410A CN103024301A CN 103024301 A CN103024301 A CN 103024301A CN 2013100114101 A CN2013100114101 A CN 2013100114101A CN 201310011410 A CN201310011410 A CN 201310011410A CN 103024301 A CN103024301 A CN 103024301A
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Abstract
The invention provides an imaging algorithm of a floating gate type image sensor. The imaging algorithm includes steps of resetting various pixel units of the floating gate type image sensor; reading initial data of parts of the pixel units; performing exposure imaging; reading post-exposure data of all the pixel units; and performing data operation by interpolation according to the initial data of the parts of the pixel units and the post-exposure data of all the pixel units to obtain a final image. The imaging algorithm has the advantages of simplicity, low calculation and high imaging speed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to floating gate type image sensor application technical field, refer more particularly to a kind of imaging algorithm of floating gate type imageing sensor.
Background technology
Flash memory is a kind of common memory, has a wide range of applications in the electronic digital industry, such as smart mobile phone, panel computer etc.Flash memory is to realize data storage by its floating gate structure, inject electronics by programming operation and realize the storage of data 1 to floating boom with the threshold voltage that improves memory cell, pull out electronics on the floating boom is realized data 0 with the threshold voltage of reduction memory cell storage by erase operation.
The floating gate type imageing sensor is a kind of novel imageing sensor, and the similar flash memory of the pixel cell of this kind imageing sensor has adopted floating gate structure.The pixel cell of floating gate type imageing sensor is under certain pressurized environment, the photoelectron that operates light signal generating by " programming " is injected into floating boom to improve the threshold voltage of pixel cell, realize the record of intensity information, and operate electronics the resetting with realization pixel cell intensity information of pulling out on the floating boom by " wiping ".By reading circuit, the information that records on the pixel cell can be changed into digital information again, output is also processed, and forms at last image.
The operating procedure of floating gate type imageing sensor as shown in Figure 1, " resetting " operation is by wiping and the means such as programming, the pixel cell threshold value being returned to initial condition; " for the first time data reading " operation is to utilize special reading circuit that the information on the pixel cell is read out for the first time; " exposure image " operation is that pixel cell is exposed, and by the conversion pressurized operation intensity signal is stored in the pixel cell again; " for the second time data reading " operation is to utilize special reading circuit that the information on the pixel cell is read out for the second time; " data operation processing " operation deducts the data that read after resetting as final picture signal with reading for the second time the data that obtain.Like this, the every one-tenth of floating gate type imageing sensor is once as just reading two secondary data.CMOS and CCD are present modal two kinds of imageing sensors, and these two kinds of imageing sensors only need to read a secondary data in the process of imaging.Comparatively speaking, the Polaroid speed of floating gate type imageing sensor is slow.
Summary of the invention
The present invention one of is intended to solve the problems of the technologies described above at least to a certain extent or provides at least a kind of useful commerce to select.For this reason, the object of the invention is to propose a kind of speed faster for the problem of the floating gate type vision sensor data reading speed of mentioning in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention puts forward a kind of imaging algorithm of faster floating gate type imageing sensor.
According to the imaging algorithm of the floating gate type imageing sensor of the embodiment of the invention, comprising: A. resets each pixel cell of described floating gate type imageing sensor; B. the primary data of reading section pixel cell; C. carry out exposure image; D. read data after the exposure of all pixel cells; And E. according to the exposure of the primary data of described partial pixel unit and described all pixel cells after data, carry out data operation according to interpolation and process, obtain final image.
In one embodiment of the invention, described step B comprises: in every row pixel cell, every adjacent k pixel cell is one group, read the primary data that this organizes first pixel cell, wherein K is greater than 1 and less than the positive integer of the column number of image-generating unit in the sensor array, and described step e comprises: the value that E1. defines the primary data of k-1 the pixel cell of not reading in this group pixel cell is the mean value of the primary data of first pixel cell of the primary data of first pixel cell of this group and next group pixel cell; Deduct the primary data of each pixel cell with data after the exposure of each pixel cell of E2., obtain final image.
In the present invention, because the data after resetting have only read a wherein part, thereby reduce the time of reading, improved image taking speed.Simultaneously, because the data after resetting have only read a wherein part, need to carry out interpolation to remainder and fill up.It is simple that the present invention has an algorithm, the advantage that amount of calculation is little.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage in the following description part provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment in conjunction with following accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the imaging algorithm of existing floating gate type imageing sensor
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the imaging algorithm of floating gate type imageing sensor of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the floating gate type imageing sensor of m * n pixel unit array
Embodiment
The below describes embodiments of the invention in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical or similar label represents identical or similar element or the element with identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center "; " vertically "; " laterally "; " length "; " width "; " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", orientation or the position relationship of indications such as " counterclockwise " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only be for convenience of description the present invention and simplified characterization, rather than device or the element of indication or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only are used for describing purpose, and can not be interpreted as indication or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity that indicates indicated technical characterictic.Thus, one or more these features can be expressed or impliedly be comprised to the feature that is limited with " first ", " second ".In description of the invention, the implication of " a plurality of " is two or more, unless clear and definite concrete restriction is arranged in addition.
In the present invention, unless clear and definite regulation and restriction are arranged in addition, broad understanding should be done in the terms such as term " installation ", " linking to each other ", " connection ", " fixing ", for example, can be to be fixedly connected with, and also can be to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be to be electrically connected; Can be directly to link to each other, also can indirectly link to each other by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless clear and definite regulation and restriction are arranged in addition, First Characteristic Second Characteristic it " on " or D score can comprise that the first and second features directly contact, can comprise that also the first and second features are not directly contacts but by the other feature contact between them.And, First Characteristic Second Characteristic " on ", " top " and " above " comprise First Characteristic directly over Second Characteristic and oblique upper, or only represent that the First Characteristic level height is higher than Second Characteristic.First Characteristic Second Characteristic " under ", " below " and " below " comprise First Characteristic under the Second Characteristic and tiltedly, or only represent that the First Characteristic level height is less than Second Characteristic.
The present invention proposes a kind of imaging algorithm of new floating gate type imageing sensor, can help the floating gate type imageing sensor to realize faster image taking speed.
As shown in Figure 2, imaging algorithm of the present invention comprises the steps:
A. pixel cell is resetted, by wiping and the means such as programming, the pixel cell threshold value is returned to initial condition.
B. the data after resetting read.In this step, photosensitive array (as shown in Figure 3) for a m * n pixel cell, in every delegation pixel, read a secondary data (wherein every k pixel, k＜n), concrete operations are: every k pixel is one group, and first that get these group data in every group the value be (the capable P of m-1 among Fig. 3 for example out
M-1,1, P
M-1,2, P
M-1,3, P
M-1,4. ..., P
M-1, k-1, P
M-1, kThis k pixel is one group, only reads out P after the resetting of this group pixel
M-1,1Value).The reading times of the rear data that so reset will reduce to original 1/k, and the time of reading also reduces to original 1/k.Wherein, the value of k can be adjusted within the specific limits according to the imaging precision needs, and the value of k is less, and imaging precision is higher but image taking speed is slower, otherwise the value of k is larger, and imaging precision is lower but image taking speed is faster.When k is 1, i.e. complete data that read after resetting, this moment, speed was the slowest but precision is the highest.
C. carry out exposure image, image information is kept on the imageing sensor.
D. the data on the pixel behind the exposure image are all read.
The data of E. data behind the exposure image and second step being read are processed, and obtain last image.Utilize interpolation in " data operation processing " link, that k-1 data that do not read out in every k data in the approximate reduction second step.The concrete methods of realizing of interpolation is: in each group data, the value of this k-1 pixel of not reading is all got the mean value (P that for example m-1 is capable among Fig. 3 of these two values of value that the value of reading with this group at their places and next group read
M-1,2, P
M-1,3, P
M-1,4. ..., P
M-1, kThe value of this k-1 pixel is all got this group readout P
M-1,1With next group readout P
M-1, k+1Mean value, next k-1 pixel P not reading of group of this delegation
M-1, k+2, P
M-1, k+3, P
M-1, k+4..., P
M-1,2k, will get P
M-1, k+1And P
M-1,2k+1Mean value, by that analogy) because reset operation can revert to initial threshold with the pixel unification, so part reads the accuracy that the method for the rear data that reset can guarantee data.
In the present invention, because the data after resetting have only read a wherein part, thereby reduce the time of reading, improved image taking speed.Simultaneously, because the data after resetting have only read a wherein part, need to carry out interpolation to remainder and fill up.It is simple that the present invention has an algorithm, the advantage that amount of calculation is little.
Describe and to be understood in the flow chart or in this any process of otherwise describing or method, expression comprises module, fragment or the part of code of the executable instruction of the step that one or more is used to realize specific logical function or process, and the scope of preferred implementation of the present invention comprises other realization, wherein can be not according to order shown or that discuss, comprise according to related function by the mode of basic while or by opposite order, carry out function, this should be understood by the embodiments of the invention person of ordinary skill in the field.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the characteristics of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, the schematic statement of above-mentioned term not necessarily referred to identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or characteristics can be with suitable mode combinations in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although the above has illustrated and has described embodiments of the invention, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment in the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim within the scope of the invention, modification, replacement and modification.
Claims (2)
1. the imaging algorithm of a floating gate type imageing sensor is characterized in that, comprising:
A. each pixel cell with described floating gate type imageing sensor resets;
B. the primary data of reading section pixel cell;
C. carry out exposure image;
D. read data after the exposure of all pixel cells; And
E. according to data after the exposure of the primary data of described partial pixel unit and described all pixel cells, carry out data operation according to interpolation and process, obtain final image.
2. imaging algorithm as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described step B comprises: in every row pixel cell, every adjacent k pixel cell is one group, reads the primary data that this organizes first pixel cell, and wherein K is greater than 1 and less than the positive integer of the column number of image-generating unit in the sensor array,
And,
Described step e comprises: the value that E1. defines the primary data of k-1 the pixel cell of not reading in this group pixel cell is the mean value of the primary data of first pixel cell of the primary data of first pixel cell of this group and next group pixel cell; Deduct the primary data of each pixel cell with data after the exposure of each pixel cell of E2., obtain final image.
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| CN201310011410.1A CN103024301B (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2013-01-11 | The formation method of floating gate type imageing sensor |
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| CN201310011410.1A CN103024301B (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2013-01-11 | The formation method of floating gate type imageing sensor |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1429016A (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-07-09 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Solid electronic image inductor and control method thereof |
| CN101263708A (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2008-09-10 | 摩托罗拉公司 | Image sensor architecture employing one or more floating gate device |
| US20090040346A1 (en) * | 2005-10-05 | 2009-02-12 | Masayuki Masuyama | Solid-state imaging device, imaging apparatus and driving method for the same |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1429016A (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-07-09 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Solid electronic image inductor and control method thereof |
| CN101263708A (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2008-09-10 | 摩托罗拉公司 | Image sensor architecture employing one or more floating gate device |
| US20090040346A1 (en) * | 2005-10-05 | 2009-02-12 | Masayuki Masuyama | Solid-state imaging device, imaging apparatus and driving method for the same |
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