CN103022534B - Controller for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system - Google Patents
Controller for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103022534B CN103022534B CN201210546452.0A CN201210546452A CN103022534B CN 103022534 B CN103022534 B CN 103022534B CN 201210546452 A CN201210546452 A CN 201210546452A CN 103022534 B CN103022534 B CN 103022534B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a controller for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system, which comprises a digital core circuit, a communication interface circuit, an input conditioning circuit, an output drive circuit and a voltage-stabilized source circuit, wherein the digital core circuit is connected with the output end of the voltage-stabilized source circuit, the input end of the input conditioning circuit and the input end of the output drive circuit respectively; the output end of the communication interface circuit is in network connection with a main controller of the SOFC system through a CAN bus; the output end of the input conditioning circuit is connected with the sensor of the functional unit of the SOFC system; the output end of the output drive circuit is connected with the actuator of the functional unit of the SOFC system; and the functional unit is an electric pile unit, an air supply unit, a fuel supply unit, a tail gas recovery unit or an electricity management unit. According to the complex control task characteristic of the SOFC system, the controller with complete functions is designed, so as to serve a universal controller for all the functional units of the SOFC system and meet the controller hardware requirement of SOFC system development and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fuel cell technology, or rather, it belongs to solid oxide fuel battery system control technology field.
Background technology
A kind of electricity generation system that Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) system is main be fuel with hydrogen is directly electric energy by chemical energy by electrochemical reaction, it has the advantage of high generation efficiency, quiet noiselessness, environmental friendliness low emission, is the green electricity generation system of 21 century most prospect.Nearest more than ten years, in the world many developed countries, as the U.S., Germany, Japan have dropped into the exploitation that a large amount of funds and manpower are devoted to SOFC system, promoted the development of SOFC technology, target is to realize commercial product.But SOFC system himself is thin and crisp, cost is high, condition of work requires a series of features such as harsh and the mutual close coupling of each subsystem, make its commercial productization still there is many problems to be solved, be in the still immature stage.
SOFC system comprises the functional units such as electric pile unit, air feed unit, fuel supply unit, tail gas recycle unit, fulgurite reason, and carrying out integrated management and cooperation control to each functional unit of system is realize SOFC system safety, key factor that is stable, that efficiently work.And this process be unable to do without the support of controller hardware, reliable and stable controller has important function for the integrated of solid oxide fuel battery system and control.
PowerPC555 is a kind of reduced instruction set computer (RISC) 32 single-chip microcomputers that motorola inc releases, the functional modules such as the Flash ROM memory of RAM, 448K of the integrated 26K of this single-chip microcomputer and such as QADC, CAN, MIOS, TPU.
The existing hardware based on PowerPC555 single-chip microcomputer of existing market is all general control board, structure generalization, specific aim are not strong, and lack complete input and output peripheral interface, be difficult to meet the actual demand that SOFC systematic control algorithm is complicated, input/output format is various.And mostly the existing controller based on fuel cell is for low-temperature fuel cell systems such as automotive fuel cell, solid oxide fuel battery system all has relatively big difference from aspects such as working mechanism, input-output characteristic, control overflow with other fuel cell systems, thus existing fuel cell controller is also difficult to the requirement of competent SOFC system control tasks.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the feature of SOFC system control tasks complexity, provide a kind of solid oxide fuel battery system controller of complete function, this hardware as the general purpose controller of each functional unit of solid oxide fuel battery system, can meet the controller hardware demand of SOFC system development application.
For the controller of solid oxide fuel battery system, comprise digital core circuitry, communication interface circuit, input modulate circuit, output driving circuit and voltage-stabilized power supply circuit; Digital core circuitry connects the output of voltage-stabilized power supply circuit by power bus, is connected the input of input modulate circuit by I/O bus, is connected the input of output driving circuit by I/O bus; The output of communication interface circuit connects the master controller of solid oxide fuel battery system by CAN network, the output of input modulate circuit connects the transducer of the functional unit of solid oxide fuel battery system, and the output of output driving circuit connects the actuator of the functional unit of solid oxide fuel battery system; The functional unit of described solid oxide fuel battery system is electric pile unit, air feed unit, fuel supply unit, tail gas recycle unit or electric administrative unit.
Further, described transducer to comprise in temperature, pressure, flow, switching value and current sensor a kind of or combination, and described actuator comprises one in flowmeter, indicating instrument, electromagnetically operated valve, contactor, relay and blower fan or combination.
Further, described digital core circuitry comprises single-chip microcomputer and the crystal oscillator connected and supporter, BDM debugging unit, reset unit, dispensing unit and storage expansion unit, and they are connected with control bus by data/address bus, address bus.
Further, described single-chip microcomputer adopts PowerPC555 single-chip microcomputer to be processor.
Further, described input modulate circuit comprises analog input conditioning part and digital quantity input conditioning part; Described analog input conditioning part is outer connects temperature, pressure, flow sensor and current sensor, and described digital quantity input conditioning part is outer connects switch sensor.
Further, described output driving circuit comprises analog output drive part and digital output drive part; Flowmeter, indicating instrument and blower fan is connected, described digital output drive part outer connection solenoid valve, contactor and relay outside described analog output drive part.
Further, described voltage-stabilized power supply circuit output voltage comprises 24V, 5V and 3.3V.
Technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
Controller disposal ability of the present invention is strong, and easy to connect with transducer, actuator, electromagnetic compatibility is good, favorable expandability, uses System control structures clear, meet the demand of SOFC System Development as SOFC asystem function unit sub-controller.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Control system architecture block diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of controller;
Fig. 3 is digital core circuitry schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is communication interface partial schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is input conditioning partial schematic diagram, and wherein Fig. 5 A is analog input part, and Fig. 5 B is digital quantity importation;
Fig. 6 is output driving part schematic diagram, and wherein Fig. 6 A is digital output part, and Fig. 6 B is analog output part;
Fig. 7 is stabilized voltage power supply partial schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Figure 1 shows that Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Control system architecture block diagram.Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) system comprises functional unit, control unit and central operation monitoring interface, wherein functional unit comprises electric pile unit, air feed unit, fuel supply unit, tail gas recycle unit, electric administrative unit, and each unit contains the actuator such as the transducers such as temperature, flow, pressure and electromagnetically operated valve, flowmeter, rotating speed blower fan; Control unit comprises master controller, unit sub-controller and temperature acquisition node, adopts CAN communication network to connect between them; Central operation monitoring interface adopts the Industrial PC Computer of installing Fameview configuration software.
Control unit master controller passes downwardly through CAN network bus and is connected with each unit sub-controller, is upwards connected with monitoring PC by serial communication, the complicated Comprehensive Control task of its main completion system.
Control unit sub-controller comprises air supply sub-controller, fuel supply sub-controller, tail gas recycle sub-controller, fulgurite reason sub-controller, stack temperature acquisition node.Each sub-controller is connected with corresponding functional unit with actuator by various kinds of sensors, completes corresponding function task.Air supply sub-controller controls the air oxygen agent quantity entering pile, fuel supply sub-controller controls the fuel gas quantity entering pile, tail gas recycle sub-controller controls the recycling of fuel gas and steam, fulgurite reason sub-controller controls electric energy power output and electrical power storage management, and stack temperature acquisition node detects the every temperature of pile work.
Controller of the present invention refers to the sub-controller of each functional unit.
Figure 2 shows that the structured flowchart of controller of the present invention.Controller comprises five parts, i.e. digital core circuitry, communication interface circuit, input modulate circuit, output driving circuit, voltage-stabilized power supply circuit.Digital core circuitry is controller core.Communication interface circuit is connected with digital core circuitry by resource bus (communication bus).Input modulate circuit is connected with digital core circuitry by I/O bus.Output driving circuit is connected with digital core circuitry by I/O bus.Voltage-stabilized power supply circuit provides the power supply of controller work.
Statistics SOFC asystem function unit transducer and actuator quantity kind, controller input and output design of counting is as follows:
Analog input, 12 passages, connect the analog sensors such as temperature, pressure, flow;
Digital quantity inputs, 8 passages, connecting valve quantity sensor;
Analog output, 8 passages, the analog quantity actuators such as connection traffic meter, indicating instrument;
Digital output, 12 passages, the switching value actuators such as connected electromagnetic valve, contactor, relay.
Controller input/output interface part of the present invention comprises above four kinds of forms, and often kind of form is all carry out detailed schematic for a-road-through road to illustrate, all the other channel-like all can design with reference to this paths.
Fig. 3 is digital core circuitry schematic diagram.Digital core circuitry comprises external crystal-controlled oscillation and supporter, BDM debugging unit, reset unit, dispensing unit and exterior storage expanding element, and they are connected with single-chip microcomputer with address bus respectively by control bus, data/address bus.Single-chip microcomputer adopts PowerPC555 single-chip microcomputer to be processor, the working temperature of this single-chip microcomputer be-40 ° of C to 125 ° of C, the operational environment that SOFC system is severe can be adapted to; Possess Float Point Unit, meet SOFC system complex control algolithm computing requirement; Integrated perfect functional unit, is applicable to the input and output requirement that SOFC system complex is various; And support Matlab/Simulink instrument, realize the seamless link that product development is studied in SOFC system experimentation, greatly shorten the construction cycle.
External crystal-controlled oscillation adopts 4MHz crystal oscillator, and chip support provides the configuration of MPC555 some work parameter.VDDSYN, VSSSYN provide phase-locked loop (PLL) reference voltage, VDDSRAM provides internal RAM operating voltage, VPP provides inner FLASH operating voltage, KAPWR provides MPC555 low-power consumption supply power voltage, XFC accesses filtered external electric capacity, and FRZ meets Light-Emitting Diode LED2 to show MPC555 debug mode status, and BEAD is common oxysome magnetic bead, SBD1 is Schottky diode 10TQ305, all has mark in all the other part drawings.
BDM debugging unit is made up of BDM interface and relevant capacitor, resistive element.BDM interface is 10 pin connectors, and pin corresponding to MPC555BDM debug signal is connected.
Reset unit comprises electrification reset, hardware reset and software reset's part.Electrification reset part adopts chip MC34064 and relevant components and parts, and MC34064 pin IN meets working power VDDH, pin
series resistance links MPC555 pin
reset signal is provided to input when chip powers on or under voltage works.Hardware reset is connected chip pin with software reset respectively by reset button switch S2, S3
come.All mark is had in other components and parts figure.
Dispensing unit comprises custom switches and mode switch, and custom switches is made up of U5, SW3 and related resistors, capacitance component, and mode switch circuit is made up of U2 ~ U4, SW1 ~ SW2 and related resistors, capacitance component.
Custom switches circuit, by the setting of plectrum interrupteur SW 3, realizes inner FLASH supply power voltage and the setting of erasable voltage, the configuration of phase-locked loop, the configuration permission position that resets during system reset.Phase-locked-loop configuration is completed by 1 ~ 3 pin arranging SW3, the U5 conducting when system power-on reset, and the MDCLK [1:3] (IRQ [5:7] is multiplexing) of MPC555 reads in SW31 ~ 3 pin configuration information, determines the clock frequency that MPC555 works.System adopts the crystal oscillator of 4MHz herein, and 1 ~ 3 pin of SW3 is set to 010.5 ~ 6 pin of SW3 connect EPEE pin and the VPP pin of MPC555, and EPEE pin inputs the programming of inner FLASH outside and erasable control signal, and VPP pin inputs inner FLASH operating voltage.4 pin of SW4 are connected to
by U5 access chip
pin, realizes the plectrum switch-linear hybrid value when system warm reset and is configured in MPC555.Above circuit, SW3 is six road plectrum switches, and U5 is triple gate latch 74HC125 chip, all has mark in all the other part drawings.
Mode switch is by when system hard reset, arranges plectrum interrupteur SW 1 ~ SW2, and settings is input on MPC555 data/address bus by U2 ~ U4, thus realize components of system as directed functional configuration.Hardware reset
be connected to the Enable Pin of U2 ~ U3
, U4 input directly connects pull down resistor.SW1 ~ SW2 is eight road plectrum switches, and U2 ~ U4 is No. eight latch 74LCX573, all has mark in all the other part drawings.
Exterior storage expanding element comprises outside FLASH to be expanded and external RAM expansion, and FLASH expansion is completed by U8 ~ U10, and RAM expansion is completed by U6, U7.Wherein U6, U7 are 61LV25616RAM storage chip, and U8, U9 are AM29LV800B FLASH ROM storage chip, and U10 is 74LVC00A is four tunnel NAND gate chips, and Fig. 3 is shown in concrete wiring.
The detailed schematic of above digital core circuitry and connection mode can with reference to MPC555 chip user handbooks.
Fig. 4 is communication interface partial schematic diagram.Communication interface part comprises CAN communication interface unit and serial communication interface unit.CAN communication interface unit adopts CAN interface typical circuit, and be made up of DC/DC insulating power supply module DCP010505, photoisolator 6N137, CAN transceiver PCA82C250, DB9 interface and other common components, Fig. 4 is shown in concrete wiring.Serial communication interface unit is made up of MAX232 chip, realizes the conversion of the level from TTL to RS232, and DB9F_RS232 is DB9 general-purpose interface, all has mark in all the other part drawings.
Fig. 5 is input conditioning partial circuit figure.Input modulate circuit comprises analog input conditioning part and digital quantity input conditioning part.The effect of analog input conditioning part is that the input of transducer 4 ~ 20mA electric current is transformed into the input of 1 ~ 5V voltage, its settling signal conversion successively, voltage follow and filtering.The analog sensor such as temperature, pressure, flow of SOFC system receives A_IN, A_GND two ends, input 4 ~ 20mA current signal, 1 ~ 5V voltage signal is transformed into through 250 Ohmic resistance R82, voltage input interference rejection ability is improved again by voltage follower, be input to MPC555QADC module finally by filter capacitor, complete analog signal conditioner process.Wherein voltage follower is completed by operational amplifier LM358P.
Digital quantity input conditioning part mainly completes electrical isolation and level conversion function.Switch sensor 0 ~ 12V On-off signal signal of SOFC system, from the access of D_IN, D_GND two ends, being input to MPC555TPU_A module by converting 0 ~ 5V voltage signal to through switching tube after electrical isolation, completing digital quantity input processing process.Wherein TLP521 is photoisolator, and 2N5551 is power switch pipe, and circuit detail is shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 6 is output driving part circuit diagram.Output driving circuit comprises digital output part and analog output part.The time processing unit module TPU that MPC555 single-chip microcomputer integrated functionality is powerful, be applicable to the digital outputs such as high-speed electromagnetic valve to control, digital output part of the present invention mainly comprises optical coupler TLP521, power switch pipe 2N5551 and Schottky diode 1N5819, export isolation speed-sensitive switch signal, drive the switching value actuator such as electromagnetically operated valve, the relay work of SOFC system.MPC555 outputs signal B TPU through optical coupler TLP521, and form the control signal of IRF540 field effect transistor, IRF540 on off state directly acts on output loop, and control switch amount actuator obtains electric work or dead electricity quits work.Optical coupler TLP521 makes MPC555 chip and external loading loop electrical isolation, protection controller chip; Voltage stabilizing didoe D2 stablizes IRF540 pipe Vgs control voltage, and switch is stablized; Schottky diode D4 and resistance R113 forms continuous current circuit, protection switch pipe.
Analog output part is D/A change-over circuit, and MPC555 digital output is transformed into analog output, drives the flowmeter of SOFC system, performs the work of the analog quantity such as instrument, blower fan actuator.This part adopts four-way D/A module DCA7614 and operational amplification circuit to complete D/A conversion, and adopts insulating power supply to this energize portions.MPC555 digital output is drawn from QSPI module, is transformed into 0 ~ 2.5V voltage signal through DAC7614, then exports through 2 times of amplifying circuits.Insulating power supply chip DCP010505 produces DCA76145V operating voltage DA_VCC, DA_GND, AD780 produce the high-accuracy reference voltage VREF of DCA76142.5V, and operational amplifier LM358 forms 2 times of voltage amplifier circuits.All mark is had in all the other detail view.
Fig. 7 is stabilized voltage power supply Some principles road.Stabilized voltage power supply provides controller power supply, comprises 5V, 3.3V and 24V, and wherein 5V and 3.3V powers for controller main body circuit, and 24V is used for powering to operational amplifier and driving the actuators such as electromagnetically operated valve.This partial circuit is made up of 5V stabilized voltage power supply chip LM2940,3.3V stabilized voltage power supply chip LM3940, filter capacitor, inductance and other elements, and wherein VDDH is that 5V exports, and VDDL is that 3.3V exports, and+5VEXT is that 5V outside exports, and+24V is that 24V exports.
The present invention is to provide the general purpose controller controlled for solid oxide fuel battery system, in actual SOFC system development application, can according to the quantity kind of the transducer of each functional unit of SOFC system and actuator, controller input/output interface number of channels kind suitably deletes adjustment, make it as SOFC system specific functional units controller, not only save system resource, and there is higher integrated level, improve control efficiency.
Multiple functional unit sub-controller completes the control task of solid oxide fuel battery system jointly in conjunction with centralized master controllers.Master controller transmits the data message decision systems overall work pattern of coming up according to each unit, be responsible for main control algorithm and perform, monitor each sub-controller work, and with the data interaction of upper monitoring machine.The separate work of each functional unit sub-controller, according to the unit controls target that master controller distributes, by data acquisition, data processing, performs output, completes the tracing control of concrete unit indices.The data interaction of master controller and sub-controller is completed by CAN network, no matter that the request signal that the command signal that sends downwards of master controller or sub-controller upwards send can be responded fast through CAN network, constitute master controller United Dispatching, the complete control system that each unit works alone, for solid oxide fuel cell power generating system stable and high effective operation provides control unit hardware guarantee.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. for the controller of solid oxide fuel battery system, the functional unit of described solid oxide fuel battery system is electric pile unit, air feed unit, fuel supply unit, tail gas recycle unit or electric administrative unit, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises the centralized master controllers of solid oxide fuel battery system and the sub-controller of each functional unit; Each functional unit sub-controller completes the control task of solid oxide fuel battery system jointly in conjunction with the centralized master controllers of solid oxide fuel battery system, master controller transmits the data message decision systems overall work pattern of coming up according to each unit, be responsible for main control algorithm to perform, monitor each sub-controller work, and with the data interaction of upper monitoring machine; The separate work of each functional unit sub-controller, according to the unit controls target that master controller distributes, by data acquisition, data processing, performs output, completes the tracing control of concrete unit indices;
Described functional unit sub-controller comprises digital core circuitry, communication interface circuit, input modulate circuit, output driving circuit and voltage-stabilized power supply circuit; Digital core circuitry connects the output of voltage-stabilized power supply circuit by power bus, is connected the input of input modulate circuit by I/O bus, is connected the input of output driving circuit by I/O bus; The output of communication interface circuit connects the master controller of solid oxide fuel battery system by CAN network, the output of input modulate circuit connects the transducer of the functional unit of solid oxide fuel battery system, and the output of output driving circuit connects the actuator of the functional unit of solid oxide fuel battery system; Voltage-stabilized power supply circuit provides the power supply of controller work;
Described transducer to comprise in temperature, pressure, flow, switching value and current sensor a kind of or combination, and described actuator comprises one in flowmeter, indicating instrument, electromagnetically operated valve, contactor, relay and blower fan or combination;
Described digital core circuitry comprises single-chip microcomputer and the crystal oscillator connected and supporter, BDM debugging unit, reset unit, dispensing unit and storage expansion unit, and they are connected with control bus by data/address bus, address bus; The working temperature of single-chip microcomputer be-40 DEG C to 125 DEG C to adapt to the operational environment of solid oxide fuel battery system; Single-chip microcomputer possesses Float Point Unit and supports Matlab/Simulink instrument; Crystal oscillator adopts 4MHz crystal oscillator; BDM debugging unit is made up of BDM interface and relevant capacitor, resistive element; Reset unit comprises electrification reset, hardware reset and software reset's part; Electrification reset part adopts chip MC34064 and relevant components and parts, and MC34064 pin IN meets working power VDDH, pin
series resistance links MPC555 pin
reset signal is provided to input when chip powers on or under voltage works; Hardware reset is connected chip pin with software reset respectively by reset button switch have been come; Dispensing unit comprises custom switches and mode switch; Custom switches circuit, by the setting of plectrum switch, realizes inner FLASH supply power voltage and the setting of erasable voltage, the configuration of phase-locked loop, the configuration permission position that resets during system reset; Mode switch is by when system hard reset, arranges plectrum switch and settings is input on MPC555 data/address bus, thus realize components of system as directed functional configuration;
Described input modulate circuit comprises analog input conditioning part and digital quantity input conditioning part; Described analog input conditioning part is outer connects temperature, pressure, flow sensor and current sensor, and described digital quantity input conditioning part is outer connects switch sensor; Analog input conditioning part is used for the input of transducer 4 ~ 20mA electric current to be transformed into the input of 1 ~ 5V voltage, its settling signal conversion successively, voltage follow and filtering; Digital quantity input conditioning part has been used for electrical isolation and level conversion function, by converting 0 ~ 5V voltage signal to through switching tube after electrical isolation;
Described output driving circuit comprises analog output drive part and digital output drive part; Flowmeter, indicating instrument and blower fan is connected, described digital output drive part outer connection solenoid valve, contactor and relay outside described analog output drive part; Digital output part is for exporting isolation speed-sensitive switch signal to drive the electromagnetically operated valve of solid oxide fuel battery system, contactor and relay work; Analog output part is D/A change-over circuit, for digital output being transformed into analog output to drive the flowmeter of solid oxide fuel battery system, to perform instrument, blower fan work;
Stabilized voltage power supply is used for controller power supply, comprises 5V, 3.3V and 24V, and wherein 5V and 3.3V powers for controller main body circuit, and 24V is used for powering to operational amplifier and driving electromagnetically operated valve.
2. the controller for solid oxide fuel battery system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described single-chip microcomputer adopts PowerPC555 single-chip microcomputer to be processor.
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| CN104064787B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2016-06-15 | 苏州弗尔赛能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of backup power system of fuel cell Hydrogen Vapor Pressure control method |
| CN107045364A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-08-15 | 重庆美特亚智能科技有限公司 | Multi-level control system and the breeding house based on it |
| CN107562027A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-01-09 | 太仓贝斯特机械设备有限公司 | A kind of multilevel control system applied to peeling machine |
| CN108767295A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-11-06 | 苏州诺登德智能科技有限公司 | A kind of Fuel Cell Control System |
| CN110474069A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-19 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of Fuel Cell Control System based on dSPACE |
| CN112038671B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | Method and system for estimating temperature distribution of solid oxide fuel cell |
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| CN2214055Y (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1995-11-29 | 广州市磐鼎金融电子技术开发中心 | Communication controllor |
| US20020081471A1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-27 | Keegan Kevin R. | Fuel cell system incorporating pressure control |
| JP5069489B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-11-07 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Solid oxide fuel cell system |
| JP5213703B2 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2013-06-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
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