CN103022401A - Preparation method of lithium-ion polyolefin membrane - Google Patents

Preparation method of lithium-ion polyolefin membrane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103022401A
CN103022401A CN2012105864805A CN201210586480A CN103022401A CN 103022401 A CN103022401 A CN 103022401A CN 2012105864805 A CN2012105864805 A CN 2012105864805A CN 201210586480 A CN201210586480 A CN 201210586480A CN 103022401 A CN103022401 A CN 103022401A
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plasticizer
vistanex
temperature
lithium
membrane
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袁新豪
贾峰
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ZHONGKE SCIENCE-TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd XINXIANG
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ZHONGKE SCIENCE-TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd XINXIANG
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a lithium-ion polyolefin membrane. The preparation comprises the following steps of: (1) melting polyolefin resin, organic particles and a plasticizer in a temperature of 150-280 DEG C to obtain an uniform solution; (2) extruding the melt solution in the step (1) through a die head, and cooling on a roller and casting thick slices; (3) removing the plasticizer in the thick slices manufactured in the step (2) by using a extracting process; (4) firstly longitudinally extending and secondly transversely extending the thick slices in the step (3) to manufacture the membrane, wherein the extending temperature is the melting point temperature of the polyolefin resin, and the total ratio of the extending is 3-30 times; and (5) using hot air with the temperature of 80-150 DEG C to dry the polyolefin resin membrane manufactured in the step (4), so as to obtain the polyolefin resin microporous membrane. The preparation method is used for preparing the battery membrane.

Description

A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery polyalkene diaphragm
 
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of lithium battery diaphragm, particularly a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery polyalkene diaphragm.
Background technology:
Form in positive pole, negative pole, barrier film and the electrolyte of lithium ion battery material, barrier film is one of critical material.Barrier film mainly contains three effects in lithium ion battery, (1) separates both positive and negative polarity, only allows ion to pass through, and is the insulator of electronics, to prevent short circuit; (2) keep electrolyte, form ion channel, and itself do not participate in the electrochemical reaction in the battery, highly crooked passage also can prevent the Li dendrite growth; (3) micropore shrinks or is closed when battery temperature raises, and the effect of protection is played in the rising of Limited Current.But because barrier film insulate, increased inevitably the internal resistance of battery, so its performance has directly affected the internal resistance, interfacial structure, cycle performance of battery etc.The barrier film of excellent performance has very important effect to improving the combination property of battery.
Lithium ion battery generally comprises dry method tension method and wet method solvent method with the manufacture method of polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane.Dry method simple tension technique is by producing the method for hard elastic fibre, prepare high oriented polypropylene or the polyethylene film of low-crystallinity, obtaining the oriented film of high-crystallinity at high annealing.Then the first formation microdefect that stretches at low temperatures of this film makes defective pull open the formation micropore under the high temperature.
Wet method claims again phase separation method or thermally induced phase separation, and high boiling hydrocarbon liquids or low-molecular-weight material are mixed with vistanex, and heating is dissolved mixture and melt is layered on the thin slice, obtains polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane through operations such as extraction, stretchings.The wet method solvent method can be prepared the microporous membrane material of mutual perforation, and applicable material is wide.For example disclose among the Japan Patent JP-A-6-240036 by will be before the extracting of colloidal mixture crystal formation stretching and the extracting after-drawing, obtained the aperture size significant polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane that distributes.But because the film that utilizes the solid-liquid phase separating mechanism to obtain, the gas permeability that only has dense pore structure and film is lower, or because the porosity of microporous barrier is higher, the mechanical strength of film is reduced.Therefore, perforated membrane can not have high intensity and high gas permeability simultaneously.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly not only have high permeability but also have the preparation method of a kind of lithium ion battery polyalkene diaphragm of high mechanical strength.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is that a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery polyalkene diaphragm is characterized in that following steps are arranged: (1) under 150 ℃~280 ℃ temperature, is melt into the solution of homogeneous with vistanex, inorganic particle and plasticizer; The mass percent of described vistanex, inorganic particle and plasticizer is respectively: vistanex 15-40%, inorganic particle 4~10%, surplus are plasticizer; Described vistanex is: viscosity average molecular weigh is 1 * 10 4~1 * 10 7The crystallinity homopolymers of following compounds polymerization or the mixture of two or more homopolymers: ethene, propylene, 1-butylene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene or polymethyl methacrylate; Described inorganic particle is: the refractory oxide of silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, bismuth oxide; Lithium carbonate, lithium acetate or lithium perchlorate lithium ion compound; Described plasticizer is: a kind of in atoleine, solid paraffin and the diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP);
(2) fused solution of step (1) is extruded by die head, and cast sheet in the chill roll cooling;
(3) plasticizer in the sheet of step (2) being made is removed with extraction process, and extraction solution used in the extraction process is: a kind of in following: n-hexane, heptane, carrene, methyl alcohol or ethanol.
(4) with the vertically rear cross directional stretch made membrane of sheet elder generation of step (3), draft temperature is the vistanex melting temperature, and total multiplying power that stretches is 3-30 times;
(5) polyolefin resin film of above-mentioned steps (4) being made obtains the vistanex microporous film through 80-150 ℃ hot-air seasoning.
The present invention has the remarkable advantage that highly-breathable can also have high mechanical performance simultaneously compared with the prior art.
Embodiment:
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: (1) under 150 ℃~280 ℃ temperature, is melt into the solution of homogeneous with vistanex, inorganic particle and plasticizer; (2) described fused solution is extruded by die head, and cast sheet in the chill roll cooling; (3) plasticizer in the described sheet is extracted; (4) sheet is carried out first vertically more horizontal biaxial tension and make film; (5) obtain described polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane at 80~150 ℃ of lower hot-air seasonings.
The preparation method of the polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane for lithium battery of the present invention may further comprise the steps: (1) under 150 ℃~280 ℃ temperature, is melt into the solution of homogeneous with vistanex, inorganic particle and plasticizer; (2) described fused solution is extruded by die head, and cast sheet in the chill roll cooling; (3) plasticizer in the described sheet is extracted; (4) sheet is carried out first vertically more horizontal biaxial tension and make film, draft temperature is that the melting point resin temperature adds below 10 ℃, and total multiplying power that stretches is 3~30 times; (5) obtain described polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane at 80~150 ℃ of lower hot-air seasonings.
The extractant that uses in the described step 4 is a kind of in following: n-hexane, heptane, carrene, methyl alcohol or ethanol.
The polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane that is used for lithium battery that preparation in accordance with the present invention obtains, described polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane comprises vistanex, inorganic particle and plasticizer, and inorganic particle is: silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminium oxide (Al2O3), bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) refractory oxide; Perhaps be the lithium ion compounds such as lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), lithium acetate (CH3COOLi), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4).Wherein, the weight percentage of each component is: vistanex: 15~40%, and inorganic particle: 4~10%, surplus is plasticizer.Wherein, the inorganic compound particle diameter is 100-500nm.
Described vistanex is that viscosity average molecular weigh is 1 * 10 4~1 * 10 7The polyphosphazene polymer olefin resin, the crystallinity homopolymers that described polyphosphazene polymer olefin resin is a kind of following compounds polymerization or the mixture of two or more homopolymers: ethene, propylene, 1-butylene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene or polymethyl methacrylate.Described plasticizer is a kind of in atoleine, solid paraffin or the diisobutyl phthalate.
Embodiment one
15%(is accounted for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE, viscosity average molecular weigh 2.5 * 10 5, fusing point is 130 ℃), 6%(accounts for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE, viscosity average molecular weigh 1 * 10 6, 134 ℃ of fusing points), 4%(accounts for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) silica and.Dry mixed in blender joins in the double screw extruder (diameter 58mm, L/D=52, strong mixed milling type), then use measuring pump, add the percentage that 75%(accounts for the weight that always feeds intake by the side spout) atoleine, at 170 ℃, under 156 rev/mins the condition, the resin melting is mixed.The resin solution that is mixed into squeezed out by T-shaped die head make sheet.Then extract with the carrene wash-out, drying is carried out longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch at a certain temperature successively with sheet, and wherein stretching ratio is vertical * horizontal=6 * 5,100 ℃ of longitudinal stretching temperature, 110 ℃ of cross directional stretch temperature.Obtain polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane after the stretching.
Embodiment two
15%(is accounted for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) high density polyethylene (HDPE), 6%(account for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), the percentage that 5%(accounts for the weight that always feeds intake) poly-1-butylene and 6%(account for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) dry mixed in blender, join double screw extruder (diameter 58mm, L/D=52, strong mixed milling type) in, then use measuring pump, add the percentage that 68%(accounts for the weight that always feeds intake by the side spout) solid paraffin.At 170 ℃, under 156 rev/mins the condition, the resin melting is mixed.The resin solution that is mixed into squeezed out by T-shaped die head make sheet.Then extract with the carrene wash-out, drying is carried out longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch at a certain temperature successively with sheet, and wherein stretching ratio is vertical * horizontal=2 * 1.5,90 ℃ of longitudinal stretching temperature, 100 ℃ of cross directional stretch temperature.Obtain polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane after the stretching.
Embodiment three
25%(is accounted for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) high density polyethylene (HDPE), 5%(account for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), 6%(accounts for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) bismuth oxide (Bi2O3).Dry mixed in blender, join double screw extruder (diameter 58mm, L/D=52, strong mixed milling type) in, then use measuring pump, add the percentage that 64%(accounts for the weight that always feeds intake by the side spout) diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), at 170 ℃, under 156 rev/mins the condition, the resin melting is mixed.The resin solution that is mixed into squeezed out by T-shaped die head make sheet, extract drying with the carrene wash-out, sheet is carried out longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch at a certain temperature successively, wherein stretching ratio is vertical * horizontal=5 * 4,110 ℃ of longitudinal stretching temperature, 120 ℃ of cross directional stretch temperature.Obtain polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane after the stretching.
Embodiment four
20%(is accounted for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) high density polyethylene (HDPE), 2%(account for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) poly-low-density (LDPE, viscosity average molecular weigh 2.0 * 10 5, fusing point is 128 ℃), 5%(accounts for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) polypropylene, 10%(account for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) lithium carbonate (Li2CO3).Dry mixed in blender joins in the double screw extruder (diameter 58mm, L/D=52, strong mixed milling type), then use measuring pump, add the percentage that 68%(accounts for the weight that always feeds intake by the side spout) atoleine, at 170 ℃, under 156 rev/mins the condition, the resin melting is mixed.The resin solution that is mixed into squeezed out by T-shaped die head make sheet.Then extract with the carrene wash-out, drying is carried out longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch at a certain temperature successively with sheet, and wherein stretching ratio is vertical * horizontal=5 * 2,100 ℃ of longitudinal stretching temperature, 110 ℃ of cross directional stretch temperature.Obtain polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane after the stretching.
Embodiment five
27%(is accounted for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE, viscosity average molecular weigh 2.5 * 10 5, fusing point is 130 ℃), 8%(accounts for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) lithium acetate (CH3COOLi) dry mixed in blender, join double screw extruder (diameter 58mm, L/D=52, strong mixed milling type) in, then use measuring pump, add the percentage that 65%(accounts for the weight that always feeds intake by the side spout) solid paraffin, at 170 ℃, under 156 rev/mins the condition, the resin melting is mixed.The resin solution that is mixed into squeezed out by T-shaped die head make sheet.Then extract with the carrene wash-out, drying is carried out longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch at a certain temperature successively with sheet, and wherein stretching ratio is vertical * horizontal=4 * 2,120 ℃ of longitudinal stretching temperature, 130 ℃ of cross directional stretch temperature.Obtain polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane after the stretching.
Embodiment six
30%(is accounted for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE, viscosity average molecular weigh 2.5 * 10 5, fusing point is 130 ℃), 4%(accounts for the percentage of the weight that always feeds intake) lithium perchlorate (LiClO4). dry mixed in blender, join double screw extruder (diameter 58mm, L/D=52, strong mixed milling type) in, then use measuring pump, add the percentage that 66%(accounts for the weight that always feeds intake by the side spout) diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), at 170 ℃, under 156 rev/mins the condition, the resin melting is mixed.The resin solution that is mixed into squeezed out by T-shaped die head make sheet.Then extract with the carrene wash-out, drying is carried out longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch at a certain temperature successively with sheet, and wherein stretching ratio is vertical * horizontal=4 * 4,100 ℃ of longitudinal stretching temperature, 110 ℃ of cross directional stretch temperature.Obtain polyolefin micro porous polyolefin membrane after the stretching.
The performance parameter table of each embodiment:
Figure 2012105864805100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002

Claims (2)

1. the preparation method of a lithium ion battery polyalkene diaphragm, it is characterized in that following steps are arranged: (1) under 150 ℃~280 ℃ temperature, is melt into the solution of homogeneous with vistanex, inorganic particle and plasticizer; The mass percent of described vistanex, inorganic particle and plasticizer is respectively: vistanex 15-40%, inorganic particle 4~10%, surplus are plasticizer; Described vistanex is: viscosity average molecular weigh is 1 * 10 4~1 * 10 7The crystallinity homopolymers of following compounds polymerization or the mixture of two or more homopolymers: ethene, propylene, 1-butylene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene or polymethyl methacrylate; Described inorganic particle is: the refractory oxide of silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, bismuth oxide; Lithium carbonate, lithium acetate or lithium perchlorate lithium ion compound; Described plasticizer is: a kind of in atoleine, solid paraffin and the diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP);
(2) fused solution of step (1) is extruded by die head, and cast sheet in the chill roll cooling;
(3) plasticizer in the sheet of step (2) being made is removed with extraction process, and extraction solution used in the extraction process is: a kind of in following: n-hexane, heptane, carrene, methyl alcohol or ethanol.
2.(4) with the vertically rear cross directional stretch made membrane of sheet elder generation of step (3), draft temperature is the vistanex melting temperature, total multiplying power that stretches is 3-30 times;
(5) polyolefin resin film of above-mentioned steps (4) being made obtains the vistanex microporous film through 80-150 ℃ hot-air seasoning.
CN2012105864805A 2012-12-31 2012-12-31 Preparation method of lithium-ion polyolefin membrane Pending CN103022401A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103647036A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-19 深圳市星源材质科技有限公司 Preparation method of high-strength micro-pore lithium ion battery diaphragm and battery diaphragm
CN103682218A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-03-26 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Organic-inorganic composite lithium ion battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof
CN103700796A (en) * 2013-12-05 2014-04-02 宁波华丰包装有限公司 Preparation method of lithium ion diaphragm
CN107658409A (en) * 2017-09-26 2018-02-02 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 A kind of non-woven material barrier film and preparation method for lithium battery
CN107681093A (en) * 2017-09-20 2018-02-09 无锡九宇宝新能源科技有限公司 A kind of composite lithium ion cell barrier film and preparation method thereof
CN109860474A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-06-07 上海空间电源研究所 A kind of active membrane and preparation method thereof
CN111040236A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-21 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 Polyethylene microporous membrane and preparation method thereof
CN111092187A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-05-01 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 Cast sheet cooling method, gel sheet, multilayer microporous polyethylene diaphragm and preparation method
CN112090294A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-18 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 Asymmetric polyolefin porous membrane and raw material formula, preparation method and application thereof

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JP2004161899A (en) * 2002-11-13 2004-06-10 Tonen Chem Corp Film with minute pore and its manufacturing method and use
CN101154750A (en) * 2006-09-30 2008-04-02 万向电动汽车有限公司 High power gel polymer lithium ion power cell and method of producing the same
CN102320133A (en) * 2011-05-18 2012-01-18 新乡市中科科技有限公司 A kind of polyolefin battery separation film and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004161899A (en) * 2002-11-13 2004-06-10 Tonen Chem Corp Film with minute pore and its manufacturing method and use
CN101154750A (en) * 2006-09-30 2008-04-02 万向电动汽车有限公司 High power gel polymer lithium ion power cell and method of producing the same
CN102320133A (en) * 2011-05-18 2012-01-18 新乡市中科科技有限公司 A kind of polyolefin battery separation film and preparation method thereof

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103700796A (en) * 2013-12-05 2014-04-02 宁波华丰包装有限公司 Preparation method of lithium ion diaphragm
CN103647036B (en) * 2013-12-10 2016-01-06 深圳市星源材质科技股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of high strength microporous lithium ion battery separator and battery diaphragm
CN103647036A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-19 深圳市星源材质科技有限公司 Preparation method of high-strength micro-pore lithium ion battery diaphragm and battery diaphragm
CN103682218A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-03-26 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Organic-inorganic composite lithium ion battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof
CN107681093A (en) * 2017-09-20 2018-02-09 无锡九宇宝新能源科技有限公司 A kind of composite lithium ion cell barrier film and preparation method thereof
CN107658409B (en) * 2017-09-26 2020-09-01 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Non-woven material diaphragm for lithium battery and preparation method
CN107658409A (en) * 2017-09-26 2018-02-02 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 A kind of non-woven material barrier film and preparation method for lithium battery
CN109860474A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-06-07 上海空间电源研究所 A kind of active membrane and preparation method thereof
CN109860474B (en) * 2018-12-07 2022-04-05 上海空间电源研究所 Active diaphragm and preparation method thereof
CN111092187A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-05-01 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 Cast sheet cooling method, gel sheet, multilayer microporous polyethylene diaphragm and preparation method
CN111092187B (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-10-09 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 Cast sheet cooling method, gel sheet, multilayer microporous polyethylene diaphragm and preparation method
CN111040236A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-21 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 Polyethylene microporous membrane and preparation method thereof
CN111040236B (en) * 2019-12-25 2022-06-24 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 Polyethylene microporous membrane and preparation method thereof
CN112090294A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-18 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 Asymmetric polyolefin porous membrane and raw material formula, preparation method and application thereof

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