CN103021236B - High-precision resistance generator of automatic relay-protection simulation system and testing method - Google Patents
High-precision resistance generator of automatic relay-protection simulation system and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103021236B CN103021236B CN201210419805.0A CN201210419805A CN103021236B CN 103021236 B CN103021236 B CN 103021236B CN 201210419805 A CN201210419805 A CN 201210419805A CN 103021236 B CN103021236 B CN 103021236B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision resistance generator of an automatic relay-protection simulation system, which is used for replacing a motor rotor to carry out function detection of a generator-transformer set protection device. The high-precision resistance generator comprises a resistance box, a micro-controller, an input module and a display module, wherein the resistance box is connected to the generator-transformer set protection device through the output circuit of the resistance generator; the micro-controller is in circuit connection with the resistance box, outputs resistance control signals to the resistance box, and controls resistance output by the resistance box; the input module is in circuit connection with the micro-controller and inputs resistance control instruction into the micro-controller; the micro-controller outputs the resistance control signals according to the resistance control instruction; and the display module is in circuit connection with the micro-controller and displays a numerical value of resistance output by the resistance box under the control of the micro-controller. According to the invention, the expensive generator is replaced by the high-precision resistance generator; the practical training cost for operating the generator-transformer set protection device is reduced; the resistance generator is in the form that a relay is combined with a resistance network; the relay is controlled by the micro-controller to switch the resistance network; and the precise output of resistance is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for the resistance generation technique in generator protection test, be specifically related to a kind of for the high-accuracy resistance generator in relay protection automation simulation system and method for testing thereof.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, be the circuit diagram of generator in prior art, it comprises energized circuit 1 ', rotor 2 ' and stator 3 ', and its rotor 2 ' passes through R
eand C
eground connection.In generator excitation circuit, generator rotor insulation is weak link because it not only running temperature is high, and rotating speed is also high, and rotor windings is by powerful centrifugal action, and easily friction, easily causes insulation harm mutually.Meanwhile, cooling-air also may be brought the rotor such as charcoal ash, dust, greasy dirt and steam into and be accumulated in the position such as winding overhang and notch and insulating resistance value is declined.Also often can occur with earth fault when shorted-turn fault occurs.
Generator in During Process of Long-term Operation, due to internal rotor make moist, all many-sided reasons such as heat eliminating medium leaks, insulation ag(e)ing and mechanical vibration, easily cause the reduction of rotor insulation against ground level and then cause rotor ground fault fault.When rotor generation one-point grounding fault, although direct harm can not be caused to generator itself, if in succession there is two points ground fault again, then by the safety of serious threat generator.
Generator amature one-point grounding fault is one of common failure mode; in order to ensure that the safety in production of power plant normally runs; the ultimate principle of rotor earth fault protection must be grasped as relay protection personnel; be familiar with phenomenon and disposal route that rotor ground fault fault occurs, avoid rotor two points ground fault fault occurs with all strength.
1, the harm of rotor one point to ground fault:
Generator amature one-point grounding fault is one of common failure mode; not yet electric loop is formed between field copper and ground during generation one-point grounding fault; the impact that field voltage and the rotor current flowing through rotor of rotor are subject to is very little; so do not work the mischief to generator; now by transfer load, after steadily shutting down, reexamine fault.
2, the harm of rotor two points ground fault:
1) destroy the symmetry in power generator air gap magnetic field, air-gap field is distorted, air-gap flux out of trim, cause generator high vibration, make motor damage, idle reduction of exerting oneself.Turbodynamo energized circuit two points ground fault also can cause axle system and steam turbine magnetization, and consequence is serious.If be equipped with transverse differential protection, also can cause its malfunction, therefore, transverse differential protection will be added a short time delay after rotor one-point grounding protection action, prevent malfunction;
2) two points ground fault causes non-shorting winding current to increase, if the short-circuit current flowing through rotor body large (usually with l 500 A for boundary), also can make rotor that slowly distortion occurs, cause bias, aggravation vibration while thermal effect scaling loss rotor.In addition, also may damage other excitation units, cause loss of excitation fault, jeopardize the safety of generator and system.For guaranteeing the safe operation of generator, when generator amature winding generation one point earth, should send signal, operations staff processes at once; The operation that two points ground fault should stop generator immediately if occur.Therefore, generator installing rotor a bit and two-point grounding be very important.
In prior art, G-T protective device is usually adopted generator to be carried out to the work of fault detect and protection.As shown in Figure 2, rotor 2 ' and stator 3 ' respectively circuit are connected energized circuit 1 ', and energized circuit 1 ' is circuit connection G-T protective device 4 ' then, to be detected in real time and protect by G-T protective device 4 ' to generator.
At present, because generator is expensive, cause carrying out in G-T protective device 4 ' protective debugging and training, lack the external connection device (i.e. generator) carrying out G-T protective device 4 ' work simulation.So this project for protective relaying device in prior art in default of external connection device (price also costly); cannot carry out generator amature one point earth and two places ground protection debugging and training; design a kind of resistance generator of high precision; and add that suitable external circuits design replaces external connection device, reach identical result of training.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of high-accuracy resistance generator and method of testing of relay protection automation simulation system; high-accuracy resistance generator is adopted to substitute the external connection device of G-T protective device; reduce the real training cost of G-T protective device operation; realize accurate output resistance simultaneously; and realize digital control and display, be convenient to protective debugging and the training of G-T protective device.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system, be characterized in, this resistance generator is used for substituting motor rotor circuit and connects G-T protective device, carries out the Function detection of G-T protective device;
This resistance generator comprises:
Resistance box, it connects external G-T protective device by the output circuit of resistance generator;
Microcontroller, its circuit contact resistance box, output resistance controls signal to resistance box, the resistance that controlling resistance box exports;
Load module, its circuit connects microcontroller, and to microcontroller input resistance steering order, microcontroller is according to this resistance steering order output resistance control signal;
Display module, its circuit connects microcontroller, shows the numerical value of the resistance that microprocessor controls resistance box exports.
Above-mentioned resistance box comprises:
Resistor network, the output of its circuit contact resistance box;
Relay, itself and resistor network are connected in parallel, and this relay convert resistance network, realizes resistance and accurately export;
Microprocessor S3C44B0X line, its circuit connects the output terminal of microcontroller and the input end of circuit connection relay, and microcontroller transmits resistance control signal by Microprocessor S3C44B0X line, pilot relay convert resistance network.
Above-mentioned resistor network comprises some resistance be connected in series;
Above-mentioned resistance box comprises some relays, and several relays are connected in parallel with the resistance one_to_one corresponding of resistor network respectively.
In above-mentioned resistor network, the value of each resistance adopts binary coding network mode, and the value of this resistance is 2
n, n is more than or equal to 0.
For a rotor earth fault protection method of testing for the high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system, it, for carrying out rotor earth fault protection Function detection to G-T protective device, is characterized in, the method includes the steps of:
Step 1, there is ground connection when first of energized circuit after, drop into the first disconnecting link and press starting switch, regulating the resistance of high-accuracy resistance generator to export, make bridge balance;
After step 2, high-accuracy resistance generator adjustment bridge balance, close the second disconnecting link, devoted oneself to work by the rotor earth fault protection of G-T protective device;
Step 3, when energized circuit second point occur ground connection time; bridge balance is destroyed, and has electric current to pass through in current relay, if electric current is greater than the action current of current relay; the rotor earth fault protection action of G-T protective device, disconnects generator outlet isolating switch.
Also include test before above-mentioned step 1 and prepare flow process, this test prepares flow process and comprises following steps:
Confirm that the energized circuit of rotor winding all disconnects before a, experiment, and to its electrical verification;
B, test site are closed;
C, duplicate system retrofit rotor ground protection device, a set of rotor ground protection device is used for running, and another set of rotor ground protection device is as cold standby;
The test circuit of d, rotor earth fault protection carries out wiring, and charged sky examination, check the duty of each experimental facilities and instrument and meter in the test circuit of rotor earth fault protection.
Regulate the resistance output packet of high-accuracy resistance generator containing following steps in above-mentioned steps 1:
The resistance steering order that the input of step 1.1, load module needs high-accuracy resistance generator to export is to microcontroller;
Step 1.2, microcontroller receive resistance steering order, and output resistance controls signal to resistance box;
Step 1.3, resistance box repeat circuit are according to resistance control signal controlling resistance network output resistance;
The numerical value of its controlling resistance box output resistance is sent to display module by step 1.4, microcontroller, and display module intuitively shows the resistance that high-accuracy resistance generator exports.
The high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system of the present invention and method of testing are compared with Training Methodology with the protective debugging of G-T protective device in prior art, its advantage is, the present invention adopts high-accuracy resistance generator to substitute the external connection device of G-T protective device, namely instead of expensive generator, reduce the real training cost of G-T protective device operation;
The invention provides a kind of high-accuracy resistance generator, its design adopting relay and resistor network to combine, by microprocessor controls relay convert resistance network, realize the accurate output of resistance;
High-accuracy resistance generator of the present invention, is provided with display module and load module, realizes digital control and display, is convenient to protective debugging and the training of G-T protective device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit module figure of generator in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of G-T protective device and generator in prior art;
Fig. 3 is the circuit module figure of the high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the circuit module figure of resistance box in the high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of resistance box in the high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the circuit connection diagram of high-accuracy resistance generator in rotor earth fault protection test of relay protection automation simulation system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that the circuit of high-accuracy resistance generator in rotor earth fault protection test of relay protection automation simulation system of the present invention connects reduced graph;
Fig. 8 is that in Fig. 7, the circuit of high-accuracy resistance generator in rotor earth fault protection test connects refinement figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further illustrate specific embodiments of the invention.
The present invention discloses a kind of high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system; for the generator of fictitious hosts costliness in the protective debugging carrying out G-T protective device and training; as the external connection device of relay protection automation simulation system, realize detecting to G-T protective device the Real-Time Monitoring of generator and defencive function and training.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system comprises resistance box 1, microcontroller 2, load module 3 and display module 4.
Resistance box 1 connects external G-T protective device by the output circuit of resistance generator.
Microcontroller 2 circuit contact resistance box 1, output resistance controls signal to resistance box 1, the resistance that controlling resistance box 1 exports.
Load module 3 circuit connects microcontroller 2, and this load module 3 is to microcontroller 2 input resistance steering order, and microcontroller 2 controls signal to resistance box 1 according to this resistance steering order output resistance.
Display module 4 circuit connects microcontroller 2, and the data of controlling resistance box 1 output resistance are transferred to display module 4 by microcontroller 2, and the numerical value of display module 4 to the resistance that described microcontroller 2 controlling resistance box 1 exports shows.
Load module 3 adopts numeric keypad, and load module 3 and display module 4 also can integrate employing touch-screen.
As shown in Figure 4, resistance box 1 comprises resistor network 13, relay 12, Microprocessor S3C44B0X line 11.
The output of resistor network 13 circuit contact resistance box 1, and the resistance exporting substitute generation machine to G-T protective device.
Relay 12 and resistor network 13 are connected in parallel, and this relay 12 convert resistance network 13, realizes resistance and accurately export.
Microprocessor S3C44B0X line 11 circuit connects the output terminal of microcontroller 2, and circuit connects the input end of relay 12, and microcontroller 2 transmits resistance control signal by Microprocessor S3C44B0X line 11, pilot relay 12 convert resistance network 13.
Programmable resistance chip now for computer market is difficult to reach designing requirement of the present invention in precision and resistance range, and the influence factor being subject to environment is very large.Adopt resistor network form in this present invention, the control realizing resistance exports.
What in the present invention, resistance box 1 specific design adopted is that the mode that the designs of relay 12 and resistor network 13 combine is carried out, and carrys out pilot relay 12 and carrys out convert resistance network 13, realize the accurate output of resistance by microcontroller 2.
In preferred the present embodiment, resistor network 13 comprises some resistance be connected in series, and be provided with some relays 12 in resistance box 1, these several relays 12 are connected in parallel with the resistance one_to_one corresponding of resistor network 13 respectively simultaneously.
In resistor network 13, the value of each resistance adopts binary coding network mode to realize, and the value of this resistance is 2
n, wherein n is more than or equal to 0.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, in resistor network 13, the resistance of personal share resistance increases successively along with its order of connection, be specially that first resistance is 1, second resistor resistance be the 2, the 3rd resistance is 4, the resistance connected successively is afterwards followed successively by 8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024,2048,4096 ..., to 1024*1024.
As shown in Figure 5, specifically show the circuit theory of resistance box 1.The whole circuit of resistance box 1 is composed in series by coding resistor, passes through Do1 ... the control signal obtained to Do20 is to determine which resistance is for effective status, and the output resistance of final whole circuit is as can be seen from J1 port.As for relay k1, when obtaining high level state, relay does not work, then connected resistance is effective, if low level state then relay work, by controlled resistive short, sees that this resistance is in short circuit state in system.Such as, think the resistance in acquisition 1028 Europe, then encoding D o20 ... be 00000000010000000100 to Do1, wherein 1 be obtain high level voltage be+5V, 0 is 0v, and now the administrative resistance of k11, k3 is effective status, other resistance are in short circuit terminated state, so the output resistance of circuit is 1024+4 is 1028 ohm.
For G-T protective device, rotor earth fault protection test is carried out to generator below, the method for testing of the high-accuracy resistance generator for relay protection automation simulation system of the present invention is described.
As shown in Figure 6; high-accuracy resistance generator 6 replaces generator to be arranged in rotor earth fault protection test circuit; high-accuracy resistance generator 6 is connected with energized circuit 7 circuit; energized circuit 7 circuit connects G-T protective device; connect transformer unit protective device and can carry out simplified illustration as shown in Figure 6; be divided into coupling unit 8 and measuring unit 9; coupling unit 8 is connected with energized circuit 7 and high-accuracy resistance generator 6 circuit; measuring unit 9 circuit butt coupling unit 8; measuring unit 9 is gone back circuit and is connected voltage source 10, and this voltage source 10 provides power supply to whole system.Measuring unit 9 is connected by coupling unit 8 and high-accuracy resistance generator 6, and detects high-accuracy resistance generator 6.When rotor earth fault protection test will be carried out, can high-accuracy resistance generator 6 take up an official post get a bit or 2 carry out ground connection, the rotor ground fault fault in simulation generator operation process.
Present embodiment discloses a kind of rotor earth fault protection method of testing of the high-accuracy resistance generator for relay protection automation simulation system, carry out the test before rotor earth fault protection test prepare flow process specifically comprise following steps:
Confirm that the energized circuit 7 of the rotor windings of generator all disconnects before a, experiment, and to its electrical verification.
B, test site are closed, and impaled testing ground, and hang nameplate with fence or rope.
C, due to after rotor earth fault protection puts into operation, rotor loop loop over the ground can be affected and form or insulation against ground resistance, therefore, when having two cover rotor ground protection device (duplicate system retrofit), a set of operation can only be dropped into, another set of as cold standby.
So duplicate system retrofit rotor ground protection device, a set of rotor ground protection device is used for running, and another set of rotor ground protection device is as cold standby.
D, as shown in Figure 7; the test circuit of rotor earth fault protection carries out wiring; high-accuracy resistance generator 6, resistance R ' e, resistance R ' ' e, the first disconnecting link S1, the second disconnecting link S2 circuit connect into loop; be connected with macro-axis Rot between resistance R ' e and R ' ' e, a terminal circuit of high-accuracy resistance generator 6 is connected to the G-T protective device carrying out integrated testability.
After having connected, charged sky examination is carried out to the test circuit of rotor earth fault protection, check each experimental facilities and instrument and meter in the test circuit of rotor earth fault protection duty whether normally work.
As shown in Figure 8, be the refinement circuit theory diagrams of the test circuit of Fig. 7 rotor ground protection.Resistance R ' e, resistance R ' ' e, the first disconnecting link S1 and high-accuracy resistance generator 6 circuit connect into loop.Because high-accuracy resistance generator 6 function is accurate output resistance, then equivalently represented with a slide rheostat in fig. 8, its sliding contact respectively circuit connects starting switch SB and the second disconnecting link S2.Starting switch SB also circuit is connected with test-meter.Second disconnecting link S2 circuit connects current relay KA.
When carrying out rotor earth fault protection test, resistance R ' e, resistance R ' ' e getting energized circuit first K1 and energized circuit second point K2, comes one point earth and the two points ground fault of simulated machine rotor.
Rotor earth fault protection method of testing for the high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system comprises following steps:
Step 1, as shown in Figure 8, after ground connection occurs first K1 point of energized circuit, drops into the first disconnecting link S1 and presses the button SB of starting switch, regulating the resistance of high-accuracy resistance generator 6 to export, make bridge balance.
According to above-mentioned high-accuracy resistance generator 6, in this rotor earth fault protection method of testing, regulating resistance exports and specifically comprises following steps:
The resistance steering order that the input of step 1.1, load module 3 needs high-accuracy resistance generator 6 to export is to microcontroller 2.
Step 1.2, microcontroller 2 receive resistance steering order, and output resistance controls signal to resistance box 1.
Step 1.3, resistance box 1 repeat circuit 12 are according to resistance control signal controlling resistance network 13 output resistance.
The numerical value of its controlling resistance box 1 output resistance is sent to display module 4 by step 1.4, microcontroller 2, and display module 4 intuitively shows the resistance that high-accuracy resistance generator 6 exports.
Step 2, adjust bridge balance by high-accuracy resistance generator 6 after, close the second disconnecting link S2, devoted oneself to work by the rotor earth fault protection of G-T protective device.
Step 3, when energized circuit second point K2 occur ground connection time; bridge balance is destroyed, and has electric current to pass through in current relay KA, if electric current is greater than the action current of relay K A; the then rotor earth fault protection action of G-T protective device, disconnects generator outlet isolating switch.
In the present embodiment, rotor earth fault protection setting program is as follows:
Rotor one-point grounding protection deferred action is in signal or shutdown.Two-point grounding snap action is in shutdown.Actual definite value is generally adjusted different according to on-site experience value and different principle.
General unit stake resistance high-set setting can be adjusted as 10kW, time delay 5s;
The low definite value of stake resistance can be adjusted as 1kW ~ 5kW, time delay 5s;
For the unit of direct water-cooling, can adjust as 1kW ~ 5kW, time delay 5s.
Although content of the present invention has done detailed introduction by above preferred embodiment, will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read foregoing, for multiple amendment of the present invention and substitute will be all apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. the rotor earth fault protection method of testing for the high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system, it is for carrying out rotor earth fault protection Function detection to G-T protective device, it is characterized in that, resistance R ' e, resistance R ' ' e, first disconnecting link (S1) and high-accuracy resistance generator (6) circuit connect into loop, high-accuracy resistance generator (6) circuit connects starting switch (SB), starting switch (SB) connects the second disconnecting link (S2), starting switch (SB) is gone back circuit and is connected with test-meter, second disconnecting link (S2) circuit connects current relay (KA),
This rotor earth fault protection method of testing comprises following steps:
Step 1, after ground connection occurs the first point (K1) of energized circuit, drop into the first disconnecting link (S1) and press starting switch (SB), regulating the resistance of high-accuracy resistance generator (6) to export, make bridge balance;
After step 2, high-accuracy resistance generator (6) adjustment bridge balance, close the second disconnecting link (S2), devoted oneself to work by the rotor earth fault protection of G-T protective device;
Step 3, when there is ground connection in the second point (K2) of energized circuit, bridge balance is destroyed, electric current is had to pass through in current relay (KA), if electric current is greater than the action current of current relay (KA), the rotor earth fault protection action of G-T protective device, disconnects generator outlet isolating switch;
Regulate the resistance output packet of high-accuracy resistance generator (6) containing following steps in described step 1:
The resistance steering order that the input of step 1.1, load module (3) needs high-accuracy resistance generator (6) to export is to microcontroller (2);
Step 1.2, microcontroller (2) receive resistance steering order, and output resistance controls signal to resistance box (1);
Step 1.3, resistance box (1) repeat circuit (12) are according to resistance control signal controlling resistance network (13) output resistance;
The numerical value of its controlling resistance box (1) output resistance is sent to display module (4) by step 1.4, microcontroller (2), and display module (4) intuitively shows the resistance that high-accuracy resistance generator (6) exports.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for the rotor earth fault protection method of testing of the high-accuracy resistance generator of relay protection automation simulation system; it is characterized in that; also include test before described step 1 and prepare flow process, this test prepares flow process and comprises following steps:
Confirm that the energized circuit of rotor winding all disconnects before a, experiment, and to its electrical verification;
B, test site are closed;
C, duplicate system retrofit rotor ground protection device, a set of rotor ground protection device is used for running, and another set of rotor ground protection device is as cold standby;
The test circuit of d, rotor earth fault protection carries out wiring, and charged sky examination, check the duty of each experimental facilities and instrument and meter in the test circuit of rotor earth fault protection.
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| CN103823381A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-05-28 | 浙江大学 | High-precision resistance signal analog device and analog method |
| CN104597383A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-05-06 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Controllable resistance output device, method thereof and application |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101738567A (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-06-16 | 上海市电力公司 | System and method for detecting transformer winding state by using constant-current sweep frequency power source excitation |
| CN202110904U (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-01-11 | 惠州市德赛汽车电子有限公司 | Program-controlled resistor |
| CN202939876U (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-05-15 | 上海市电力公司 | High precision resistor generator of relay protection automation simulation system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101738567A (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-06-16 | 上海市电力公司 | System and method for detecting transformer winding state by using constant-current sweep frequency power source excitation |
| CN202110904U (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-01-11 | 惠州市德赛汽车电子有限公司 | Program-controlled resistor |
| CN202939876U (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-05-15 | 上海市电力公司 | High precision resistor generator of relay protection automation simulation system |
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