CN103018216A - High-temperature failure tendency rapid analysis method for heated surface of boiler based on LIBS (Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) - Google Patents
High-temperature failure tendency rapid analysis method for heated surface of boiler based on LIBS (Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) Download PDFInfo
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- CN103018216A CN103018216A CN2012105030803A CN201210503080A CN103018216A CN 103018216 A CN103018216 A CN 103018216A CN 2012105030803 A CN2012105030803 A CN 2012105030803A CN 201210503080 A CN201210503080 A CN 201210503080A CN 103018216 A CN103018216 A CN 103018216A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature failure tendency rapid analysis method for a heated surface of a boiler based on LIBS (Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy), which particularly comprises the steps of focusing laser emitted by a pulse laser light source to the surface of a heated surface pipeline to be detected in a furnace shutting down and overhauling period of the boiler so as to ablate and gasify a metal material to be detected to form a plasma; collecting spectral information emitted in a swelling and cooling process of the plasma and extracting spectral characteristic indexes of physical and chemical properties of the characterized heated surface pipeline; and utilizing the relevance among laser plasma spectral characteristic indexes, material tissues and mechanical performance indexes to obtain a tissue state and a mechanical performance index of the detected pipeline, so as to predicate a failure tendency of the detected pipeline. According to the high-temperature failure tendency rapid analysis method, the rapid analysis is carried out on the heated surface structural characteristic and the mechanical property without cutting the pipe; and the failure tendency is judged before a macroscopic defect appears, the efficiency of checking metal in an overhauling period can be effectively improved, and the development of a rapid failure analysis technology is accelerated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend express-analysis technical field, be specifically related to the boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend rapid analysis based on Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS).
Background technology
At thermal power industry, the safety problem of metal material is most important, especially the water screen tube, economizer tube, superheater tube and the reheater tube that are called as " four pipes " are the main heated face structure spares of boiler internal, and its security is directly connected to the safety of whole power plant.Along with the development of the large capacity of unit, high parameter, heating surface need to long-time running under higher temperature and pressure condition, and simultaneously because the requirement of peak regulation task, heating surface need to bear more frequently alternating thermal stress effect.Long-time running meeting under this class working condition causes the tissue of material and characteristic index to change, and occurs gradually aging and damage, cracks and internal injury.In case lost efficacy, gently then unexpected blowing out, heavy then cause casualties.Owing to lack fast and effectively monitoring technology, often by reducing the unit operation parameter, the measures such as not yet due replacing heating surface tube reduce heating surface pipe explosion accident incidence by sacrificing economy in active service power plant.So predict the high temperature failure trend of heating surface material, when shutdown maintenance, judge rapidly and accurately the use state of heating surface, can reduce the non-programmed halt of unit, improve the unit available rate.
Domestic and international state-detection to the high-temperature metal parts mainly is to carry out when shutdown maintenance at present, utilizes technology such as having destructive pipe cutting detection and Non-Destructive Testing.It mainly is inspection chemical constitution, metallographic structure and the test that damages aging evaluation, normal temperature and high temperature, short time mechanical property test, carbide phase constituent and Phase Structure Analysis, Dissimilar Steel Welded Joint etc. that pipe cutting detects.Can obtain the more detailed status information of this pipeline section by the pipe cutting detection, but can damage pipeline section like this, and the status information of limited pipeline section can not represent the use state of other pipeline sections fully.
Modern Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement is on the basis of the structural behaviour of not damaging testee and usability, the characteristics of utilization sound, light, electricity, heat, magnetic and ray etc. and matter interaction, important spare part is detected and measures, the defectiveness of detecting material and element of installation, judge its position, size, shape and kind, and material property is estimated.The Non-Destructive Testing monitoring technology that adopts at present mainly contains that ray detection, alternating current potential drop method detect, electromagnetic induction eddy current detects, magnetic detects, infiltration detects, ultrasonic and infrared detection etc., so that the existing defective of high-temperature surface is detected.For high-temperature surface, when defective occurs, just there is huge potential safety hazard.If during shutdown maintenance, can before appearring in heating surface, defective predict the trend of its inefficacy, then there is the heating surface piping of potential safety hazard in targetedly emphasis supervision, and what have obvious inefficacy trend can change parts in advance, avoids occurring great security incident.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend rapid analysis based on the LIBS technology, during shutdown maintenance, do not need pipe cutting can judge fast the inefficacy trend of heating surface piping.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to traditional boiler heating surface high temperature failure analysis needs pipe cutting, and Non-Destructive Testing can only be surveyed defective actual conditions, has proposed a kind of rapid analysis of the heating surface high temperature failure trend based on LIBS.The high spatial resolution feature of utilizing spectrum of laser plasma possessed by characteristic of tested object sensitive and laser focusing, during shutdown maintenance, based on using portable LIBS rapid failure analyser that the key area heating surface piping is detected on the basis of macro check, judge fast the use state of material, and predict the trend of its inefficacy.Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
Boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend rapid analysis based on LIBS, specifically: boiler shutdown is between turn(a)round, the Laser Focusing that pulsed laser light source sends is in heating surface piping surface to be detected, make the ablated gasification of metal material of detection and form plasma, gather the spectral information of launching in the Cathode plasma explosion cooling procedure, extract the spectral signature index that characterizes heating surface piping physics and chemistry characteristic, utilize the relevance between spectrum of laser plasma characteristic index and material structure and the mechanical performance index, obtain structural state and the mechanical performance index of tested pipeline, thus the inefficacy trend of the detected pipeline of prediction.Repeating aforesaid operations can be to the lost efficacy quick judgement of trend of different pipeline positions.
Further, described plasma spectrometry characteristic index comprises characteristic spectral line intensity and strength ratio, plasma temperature and the electron density of heating surface component.
Further, the tissue of described heating surface piping material and mechanical performance index comprise structural state and hardness and intensity index.
Further, described structural state comprises that pearlitic spheroidization, Carbide Phases structure type change, the martensite phase transformation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
The present invention has utilized the LIBS technology to be subjected to the characteristics of characteristic of tested object sensitive, a kind of method of the heating surface high temperature failure trend express-analysis based on LIBS is provided, relatively existing detection method and instrument, has the pipe cutting of need not, easy to carry, analysis speed fast (send and be about 30s pulse laser to analysis time of the trend data that obtains losing efficacy), can be during shutdown maintenance to heating surface piping carry out gross imperfection occur before the inefficacy trend of existence judge.By application of the present invention, can judge fast the inefficacy trend of heating surface piping material, in time change according to actual conditions, to guarantee the normal Operation safety of boiler, reduce the probability of non-programmed halt.The present invention can obtain to be subjected to the inefficacy trend of sample product at the scene fast, improves the efficient of furnace shutdown period metal inspection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend rapid analysis process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 sorts out figure based on the different active time heating surface material monolithic spectroscopic datas of principal component analysis.
Fig. 3 is the spectrum of laser plasma characteristic index of heating surface material and the relevance synoptic diagram of structural state and mechanical performance index.
Fig. 4 is based on the structural representation of the boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend fast analyser of LIBS in the embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example implementation of the present invention is described further, but enforcement of the present invention and protection domain are not limited to this.
The flow process of a kind of boiler heating surface high temperature failure rapid analysis based on Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, obtained the correlation between heating surface material structure and mechanical performance index (metallographic structure, intensity and hardness) and the spectrum of laser plasma characteristic index (line strength and strength ratio, plasma temperature and electron density) before carrying out on-the-spot express-analysis, its process comprises the steps:
1) collects the typical heating surface material of different active times, comprise new material and the material of booster;
2) utilize existing method and apparatus, detect metallographic structure, intensity and the hardness number of the heating surface material of collecting;
3) the heating surface material with above detection carries out the LIBS measurement, and the correlativity between metallographic structure, intensity and the hardness of analysis plasma spectrometry characteristic index and material obtains corresponding correlation.Sort out as shown in Figure 2 such as the different active time heating surface material monolithic spectroscopic datas based on principal component analysis, the relevance between hardness and the spectral line strength ratio as shown in Figure 3.
As an example, boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend fast analyser among Fig. 4, comprise power module, the pulsed laser light source module, the spectrographic detection module, analysis module and optical module, described power module respectively with the pulsed laser light source module, the spectrographic detection module is connected with analysis module, analysis module is connected with the spectrographic detection module, the spectrographic detection module also is connected with the pulsed laser light source module, described optical module is used for the laser that the pulsed laser light source module produces is converged to pipeline to be detected, the spectrum that optical module also is used for described Cathode plasma explosion cooling procedure is launched is sent to the spectrographic detection module, the spectrographic detection module is extracted the spectral signature index that characterizes heating surface piping physics and chemistry characteristic, described analysis module utilizes the relevance between spectrum of laser plasma characteristic index and material structure and the mechanical performance index, obtains structural state and the mechanical performance index of tested pipeline.Wherein laser light source module is take the pulsed laser of small compact as critical piece, the spectrographic detection module is comprised of plane grating and CCD, analysis module has then comprised basic controller and data acquisition and processing element (such as the technical grade microprocessor), power module is selected the accumulator of compact, be laser light source module, spectrographic detection module and analysis module power supply, all select existing matured product or module to carry out integrated with upper-part.Described optical module is used for the laser that the pulsed laser light source module produces is converged to pipeline to be detected, the spectrum that optical module also is used for described Cathode plasma explosion cooling procedure is launched is sent to the spectrographic detection module, the spectrographic detection module is extracted the spectral signature index that characterizes heating surface piping physics and chemistry characteristic, described analysis module utilizes the relevance between spectrum of laser plasma characteristic index and material structure and the mechanical performance index, obtains structural state and the mechanical performance index of tested pipeline.Optical module comprises Laser Focusing light path and plasma signal collection light path, wherein utilize the Laser Focusing light path that the pulse laser focusing that laser module sends is formed plasma to pipe surface, collected subsequently the emission spectrum signal of the surperficial plasma that forms of light path collection conduit by plasma signal.Further, can determine the focus point position of laser on pipe surface by pipe surface focus point calibration light path.
With material behavior and the express-analysis of the relevance between the spectral signature index for on-the-spot heating surface material failure trend that abovementioned steps obtains, concrete steps are as follows:
1) during power plant's shutdown maintenance, determine the key area that needs check according to macro check, with the Laser output of portable boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend fast analyser based on LIBS towards heating surface piping to be measured surface, keep at a distance near excitation pulse Laser Focusing point, as shown in Figure 4.
2) utilize pulse laser to excite the heating surface material to form plasma, gather plasma spectrum information by the spectrographic detection module that is built in LIBS rapid failure analyser, obtain characterizing the spectroscopic data of heating surface piping physics and chemistry characteristic, extract the plasma spectrometry characteristic index, spectral line strength ratio as shown in Figure 3.
3) utilize correlation between the spectrum of laser plasma characteristic index shown in the accompanying drawing 3 and material structure and the mechanical performance index, the spectral line strength ratio that is obtained by tested pipeline obtains corresponding hardness number, spectroscopic data with tested pipeline integral body carries out principal component analysis (namely adopting existing principal component analysis (PCA)) simultaneously, and in the classification zone that the first principal component in the principal component analysis (PCA) and the second main composition substitution is shown in Figure 2, obtain the residing state of tested pipeline.In conjunction with these two kinds of correlative relationships, comprehensively judge the use state of material, and the inefficacy trend of the detected pipeline of prediction.
Claims (4)
1. based on the boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend rapid analysis of LIBS, it is characterized in that, boiler shutdown is between turn(a)round, the Laser Focusing that pulsed laser light source sends is in heating surface piping surface to be detected, make the ablated gasification of metal material of detection and form plasma, gather the spectral information of launching in the Cathode plasma explosion cooling procedure, extract the spectral signature index that characterizes heating surface piping physics and chemistry characteristic, utilize the relevance between spectrum of laser plasma characteristic index and material structure and the mechanical performance index, obtain structural state and the mechanical performance index of tested pipeline, thus the inefficacy trend of the detected pipeline of prediction.
2. the boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend rapid analysis based on LIBS according to claim 1 is characterized in that described plasma spectrometry characteristic index comprises characteristic spectral line intensity and strength ratio, plasma temperature and the electron density of heating surface component.
3. boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend rapid analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that the tissue of described heating surface piping material and mechanical performance index comprise structural state and hardness and intensity index.
4. boiler heating surface high temperature failure trend rapid analysis according to claim 3 is characterized in that described structural state comprises that pearlitic spheroidization, Carbide Phases structure type change, the martensite phase transformation.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103424397A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-04 | 华南理工大学 | Method for detecting nodulizing grade of 12Cr1MoV pearlite on site based on laser plasma spectrum |
| CN103439301A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-12-11 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Spot quick analysis method of pearlite nodularization grade of number-20 steel |
| CN105572102A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-11 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Composite insulating material ageing state detection method |
| CN106501237A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing |
| CN106706599A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-24 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Ageing grade analysis method of heated surface of boiler |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN103439301A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-12-11 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Spot quick analysis method of pearlite nodularization grade of number-20 steel |
| CN103439301B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2016-01-20 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of on-the-spot rapid analysis of No. 20 steel ball body of light nodulizing grades |
| CN103424397A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-04 | 华南理工大学 | Method for detecting nodulizing grade of 12Cr1MoV pearlite on site based on laser plasma spectrum |
| CN103424397B (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-08-26 | 华南理工大学 | Based on the in-situ check and test method of the 12Cr1MoV pearlitic spheroidization grade of spectrum of laser plasma |
| CN105572102A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-11 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Composite insulating material ageing state detection method |
| US10209197B2 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2019-02-19 | Graduate School At Shenzhen, Tsinghua University | Method for inspecting aging state of silicone rubber composite insulating material |
| CN106501237A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |