CN103015464B - Pile top restraint device and method for horizontal load test - Google Patents

Pile top restraint device and method for horizontal load test Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103015464B
CN103015464B CN201210497143.9A CN201210497143A CN103015464B CN 103015464 B CN103015464 B CN 103015464B CN 201210497143 A CN201210497143 A CN 201210497143A CN 103015464 B CN103015464 B CN 103015464B
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China
Prior art keywords
frame
stake top
separate type
fixed case
type fixed
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CN201210497143.9A
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CN103015464A (en
Inventor
邱松
张章
吴锋
周国然
傅一帆
卓杨
李晓舟
方炫强
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China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Co Ltd
CCCC Shanghai Third Harbor Engineering Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CCCC Shanghai Harbour Engineering Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
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China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Co Ltd
CCCC Shanghai Third Harbor Engineering Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a pile top restraint device for a horizontal load test, which comprises reaction racks positioned around the pile foundation, fixed with the lab foundation and also fixedly connected with a track frame assembly, wherein a separated fixed box is arranged in the track frame assembly and sleeved on the pile top; a horizontal loading device is arranged on the side edge of the separated fixed box; and the fixed separated box comprises a plurality of separated box bodies capable of horizontally moving on the track frame assembly, and a fastening structure for locking the separated box bodies, and the separated box bodies are fixed with the pile top through the fastening structure. The invention further provides a pile top restraint method. According to the method and the device provided by the invention, as the pile top is restrained, when the horizontal load is loaded, the pile top only moves horizontally, without moving in other directions or generating corner rotating, so that the stressing and deformation of the pile foundation during practical engineering can be simulated to the utmost.

Description

Horizontal loading test stake top restraint device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of horizontal loading test stake top restraint device.
The invention still further relates to a kind of pile top restraint method.
Background technology
Dead load test on pile foundation, vertical pressure, vertical uplift force or horizontal thrust is applied exactly step by step on stake top, the sedimentation that observation stake top produces in time, uplift displacement or horizontal movement, to determine the test method of corresponding single pile vertical resistance pressure bearing capacity, unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling bearing capacity or horizontal bearing capacity of single pile.Dead load test on pile foundation, comprises single pile vertical resistance pressure loading test, unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling loading test, single pile horizontal loading test.
Single pile horizontal loading test adopts the test method close to piles under lateral load actual operating conditions, determines the horizontal critical load of single pile and ultimate load, presumption resistance parameter, or tests to the horizontal bearing capacity of engineering pile and evaluate.When pile foundation is embedded with strain gauge sensors, the pile foundation stress under respective horizontal load action can be measured, and calculate pile foundation Bending moment distribution situation thus, can be inspection pile foundation intensity, inquire into different depth elastic foundation coefficient foundation is provided.
Under horizontal loads, pile foundation produces is out of shape and extrudes soil around pile, impels soil around pile corresponding distortion occurs and produces horizontal resist forces.When horizontal loading is less, the distortion of soil around pile is flexible, and horizontal resist forces provides primarily of the topsoil near ground; Along with the increase of horizontal loading, the distortion of stake strengthens, and topsoil produces plastic yielding gradually, and horizontal loading is by darker soil layer transmission; When soil around pile lose stable, pile foundation occur to destroy or pile foundation deform more than the permissible value of structure time, horizontal loading also just reaches capacity.
Pile foundation level load test can only adopt conventional loading method at present, and stake top can Free Transform.Current loading method cannot to the operative constraint of stake jacking row, and this does not conform to the force and deformation situation on Practical Project king-pile top.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of horizontal loading test stake top restraint device and method, for solving in the horizontal addload test of prior art, cannot to the operative constraint of stake jacking row, the problem that test conditions does not conform to the force and deformation situation on Practical Project king-pile top.
For achieving the above object and other relevant objects, the invention provides a kind of horizontal loading test stake top restraint device, it comprises the reaction frame be positioned at around pile foundation, reaction frame and laboratory ground are fixed, reaction frame is fixedly connected with rail bracket assembly, be provided with separate type fixed case in rail bracket assembly, separate type fixed case is enclosed within stake top, and the side of separate type fixed case is provided with horizontal loading apparatus; Separate type fixed case comprise multiple separation casing with by multiple fastening structure being separated casing locking, be separated casing and move horizontally in road frame assembly in-orbit, multiple separation casing is fixed by fastening structure and stake top.
Preferably, the quantity being separated casing is two, with the axial symmetry face on stake top for symmetrical plane is symmetrical.Further preferably, be separated casing to match with the outer peripheral face on stake top relative to the inner peripheral surface on stake top.Another kind of further preferred, fastening structure comprises the many screw rods running through two separation casings, and nut is equipped with at the two ends of screw rod.
Such scheme further preferably, rail bracket assembly comprises get on the right track frame and the lower railway frame be positioned at below separate type fixed case that are positioned at above separate type fixed case, be separated above and below casing and be provided with driving wheel, get on the right track on frame, lower railway frame and be equipped with the horizontal guide rail corresponding with driving wheel, driving wheel drives and is separated casing and rolls on guide rail.Further preferred, rail bracket assembly also comprises the bracing frame that two lay respectively at the frame that gets on the right track, the lower railway frame left and right sides, and two, left and right bracing frame is fixedly connected with the frame that gets on the right track, lower railway frame, surrounds the inner space that is placed separate type fixed case.
Such scheme further preferably, stake top is stretched out from rail bracket assembly.Further preferred, the length that stake top is stretched out from rail bracket assembly is 10cm.
For achieving the above object and other relevant objects, the present invention also provides a kind of pile top restraint method, comprises the following steps:
1) be enclosed within stake top by rail bracket assembly and separate type fixed case, rail bracket assembly is fixedly connected with reaction frame;
2) axis on stake top along pile foundation loads vertical load downwards;
3) by the separation casing of separate type fixed case, fixed by fastening structure and stake top;
4) at the side of separate type fixed case, horizontal loading is loaded by horizontal loading apparatus.
Preferably, rail bracket assembly and separate type fixed case are enclosed within stake top, comprise the following steps:
1. be enclosed within stake top by lower railway frame, the guide rail horizontal positioned on lower railway frame, lower railway frame is fixedly connected with reaction frame;
2. be placed on lower railway frame by separate type fixed case, the driving wheel be separated below casing is placed on the guide rail of lower railway frame;
3. the frame that will get on the right track is enclosed within stake top, and is placed on above separate type fixed case, and the driving wheel be separated above casing coordinates with the guide rail got on the right track on frame, and the frame that gets on the right track is fixedly connected with reaction frame.
Further preferred, rail bracket assembly and separate type fixed case are enclosed within stake top, also comprise the 4. step: the left and right sides two bracing frames being placed on get on the right track frame and lower railway frame, and two bracing frames are fixedly connected with the frame that gets on the right track, lower railway frame, surround the inner space that is placed separate type fixed case.
As mentioned above, horizontal loading test stake top restraint device of the present invention and method, have following beneficial effect:
This horizontal loading test stake top restraint device and method, to stake jacking row constraint, make when loading horizontal loading, stake top can only occurred level displacement, and the displacement in corner or other directions does not occur, the pile foundation force and deformation at utmost in simulation Practical Project.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shown as the structural representation of horizontal loading test stake top of the present invention restraint device.
The structural representation that the A-A that Fig. 2 is shown as the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device shown in Fig. 1 combines to separate type fixed case and rail bracket assembly.
Fig. 3 is shown as the separate type fixed case of the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device shown in Fig. 1 and the structural representation of stake top combination.
Fig. 4 is shown as the separate type fixed case of the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device shown in Fig. 3 and the top view of stake top combination.
Fig. 5 is shown as the structural representation of the first embodiment of the frame that gets on the right track of the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device shown in Fig. 1, lower railway frame and bracing frame combination.
Fig. 6 is shown as the structural representation of the second embodiment of the frame that gets on the right track of the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device shown in Fig. 1, lower railway frame and bracing frame combination.
Fig. 7 is shown as the frame that gets on the right track of horizontal loading test stake top restraint device shown in Fig. 6, the structural representation of lower railway frame.
Fig. 8 be shown as the frame that gets on the right track of the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device shown in Fig. 7, lower railway frame B-B to generalized section.
Fig. 9 is shown as the structural representation of the bracing frame of the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device shown in Fig. 6.
Figure 10 is shown as the C-C of the bracing frame of the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device shown in Fig. 9 to generalized section.
Element numbers explanation
1 reaction frame
2 rail bracket assemblies
21 get on the right track frame
211 rail bracket housings
212 rail bracket cross binding
213 rail bracket diagonal struts
214 rail bracket bolts hole
215 rail brackets reserve lattice
22 lower railway framves
23 guide rails
24 bracing frames
241 bracing frame housings
242 bracing frame cross binding
243 bracing frame diagonal struts
244 bracing frame bolts hole
3 separate type fixed cases
31 are separated casing
321 screw rods
322 nuts
33 driving wheels
4 tops
5 horizontal loading apparatus
Detailed description of the invention
By particular specific embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are described below, person skilled in the art scholar the content disclosed by this manual can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily.
Refer to Fig. 1 to Figure 10.Notice, structure, ratio, size etc. that this manual institute accompanying drawings illustrates, content all only in order to coordinate manual to disclose, understand for person skilled in the art scholar and read, and be not used to limit the enforceable qualifications of the present invention, therefore the not technical essential meaning of tool, the adjustment of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size, do not affecting under effect that the present invention can produce and the object that can reach, still all should drop on disclosed technology contents and obtain in the scope that can contain.Simultaneously, quote in this manual as " on ", D score, "left", "right", " centre " and " one " etc. term, also only for ease of understanding of describing, and be not used to limit the enforceable scope of the present invention, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, under changing technology contents without essence, when being also considered as the enforceable category of the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the invention provides a kind of horizontal loading test stake top restraint device, it comprises the reaction frame 1 be positioned at around pile foundation, reaction frame 1 and laboratory ground are fixed, reaction frame 1 is fixedly connected with rail bracket assembly 2, be provided with separate type fixed case 3 in rail bracket assembly 2, separate type fixed case 3 is enclosed within stake top 4, and the side of separate type fixed case 3 is provided with horizontal loading apparatus 5; Separate type fixed case 3 comprise multiple separation casing 31 with by multiple fastening structure being separated casing 31 and locking, be separated casing 31 and move horizontally in rail bracket assembly 2, multiple separation casing 31 is fixing by fastening structure and stake top 4.
Separate type fixed case 3 is fixed with stake top 4, because separate type fixed case 3 is retrained by rail bracket assembly 2, can only move horizontally in rail bracket assembly 2, so stake top 4 can only occurred level displacement, and there is not the displacement in corner or other directions, the pile foundation force and deformation at utmost in simulation Practical Project.
The quantity being separated casing 31 is two, with the axial symmetry face on stake top 4 for symmetrical plane is symmetrical, be separated casing 31 to match with the outer peripheral face on stake top 4 relative to the inner peripheral surface on stake top 4, fastening structure comprises the many screw rods 321 running through two separation casings 31, and nut 322 is equipped with at the two ends of screw rod 321.Four corners of two separation casings 31 are provided with four through holes run through, screw rod 321 passes from through hole, loads onto nut 322 at the two ends of screw rod 321, promotes two separation casings 31 close up by rotary nut 322, two separation casings 31, from both direction clamping stake top 4, are fixed with stake top 4.
This separation casing 31 inside can hollow, and centre is provided with many floors, while reducing the weight being separated casing 31, ensures the bulk strength being separated casing 31, make separation casing 31 in use indeformable.
This horizontal loading apparatus 5 can be horizontal addload jack, or other load facility.
Stake top 4 is stretched out from rail bracket assembly 2, and the length that stake top 4 is stretched out from rail bracket assembly 2 is preferably 10cm.Stake top 4 is stretched out from rail bracket assembly 2, ensure that be only carried on stake top 4, rail bracket assembly 2 does not stress when loading vertical load.
As shown in Fig. 5 to Figure 10, rail bracket assembly 2 comprises get on the right track frame 21 and the lower railway frame 22 be positioned at below separate type fixed case 3 that are positioned at above separate type fixed case 3, be separated above and below casing 31 and be provided with driving wheel 33, get on the right track on frame 21, lower railway frame 22 and be equipped with the horizontal guide rail 23 corresponding with driving wheel 33, driving wheel 33 drives and is separated casing 31 and rolls on guide rail 23.
Get on the right track frame 21, lower railway frame 22 structure identical, be referred to as rail bracket.Rail bracket is equipped with rectangular rail bracket housing 211, is provided with rail bracket cross binding 212 in rail bracket housing 211, makes to form multiple square space in rail bracket, and in installation process, stake top 4 is passed from square space.Rail bracket cross binding 212 enhances the intensity of rail bracket.The rail bracket being set to hollow except the square space passed for stake top 4 is reserved except lattice 215, and the diagonal angle in all the other square spaces is also fixedly connected with by rail bracket diagonal strut 213, and rail bracket diagonal strut 213 further enhancing the intensity of rail bracket.
Rail bracket assembly 2 also comprises the bracing frame 24 that two lay respectively at the frame 21 that gets on the right track, lower railway frame 22 left and right sides, and two, left and right bracing frame 24 is fixedly connected with the frame 21 that gets on the right track, lower railway frame 22, surrounds the inner space that is placed separate type fixed case 3.Two bracing frames 24 in left and right are played a supporting role in the side of the frame 21 that gets on the right track, lower railway frame 22, further increase the longitudinal rigidity of rail bracket, rail bracket is made also deformation not to occur under load, thus make stake top 4 can only occurred level displacement, and there is not the displacement in corner or other directions, the pile foundation force and deformation at utmost in simulation Practical Project.
Bracing frame 24 is provided with rectangular bracing frame housing 241, bracing frame housing 241 internal fixtion has bracing frame cross binding 242, bracing frame 24 is made to form square space, the diagonal angle in square space is also fixedly connected with by bracing frame diagonal strut 243, and bracing frame cross binding 242, bracing frame diagonal strut 243 further enhancing the intensity of bracing frame 24.
As shown in Figure 5, the frame 21 that gets on the right track, lower railway frame 22 are only provided with rail bracket cross binding 212, and bracing frame 24 is only provided with bracing frame cross binding 242.As shown in Figure 6, the frame 21 that gets on the right track, lower railway frame 22 are not only provided with rail bracket cross binding 212, are also provided with rail bracket diagonal strut 213; Bracing frame 24 is not only provided with bracing frame cross binding 242, is also provided with bracing frame diagonal strut 243.
Get on the right track frame 21, lower railway frame 22 rail bracket housing 211 be provided with rail bracket bolt hole 214, the bracing frame housing 241 of bracing frame 24 is provided with bracing frame bolt hole 244, rail bracket bolt hole 214 and bracing frame bolt hole 244 one_to_one corresponding, the frame 21 that gets on the right track, lower railway frame 22 and bracing frame 24 are by being fixedly connected with through the bolt of rail bracket bolt hole 214, bracing frame bolt hole 244.
The parts such as reaction frame 1 of the present invention, rail bracket assembly 2, separate type fixed case 3 can adopt Steel material, also can adopt the higher or better material of toughness of other intensity.
The present invention also provides a kind of pile top restraint method, comprises the following steps:
1) be enclosed within stake top 4 by rail bracket assembly 2 and separate type fixed case 3, rail bracket assembly 2 is fixedly connected with reaction frame 1;
2) axis on stake top 4 along pile foundation loads vertical load downwards;
3) by the separation casing 31 of separate type fixed case 3, fixed by fastening structure and stake top 4;
4) at the side of described separate type fixed case 3, horizontal loading is loaded by horizontal loading apparatus 5.
Wherein, rail bracket assembly 2 and separate type fixed case 3 are enclosed within stake top 4, comprise the following steps:
1. be enclosed within stake top 4 by lower railway frame 22, guide rail 23 horizontal positioned on lower railway frame 22, lower railway frame 22 is fixedly connected with reaction frame 1;
2. be placed on lower railway frame 22 by separate type fixed case 3, the driving wheel 33 be separated below casing 31 is placed on the guide rail 23 of lower railway frame 22;
3. the frame 21 that will get on the right track is enclosed within stake top 4, and is placed on above separate type fixed case 3, and the driving wheel 33 be separated above casing 31 coordinates with the guide rail 23 got on the right track on frame 21, and the frame 21 that gets on the right track is fixedly connected with reaction frame 1.
4. two bracing frames 24 are placed on the left and right sides of get on the right track frame 21 and lower railway frame 22, and by two bracing frames 24 with the frame 21 that gets on the right track, lower railway frame 22 by being fixedly connected with through the bolt of rail bracket bolt hole 214, bracing frame bolt hole 244, surround the inner space that is placed separate type fixed case 3.
Wherein, the fastening structure in step 3) can be many screw rods 321 and is contained in the nut 322 at screw rod 321 two ends, by rotary nut 322, separation casing 31 is constantly pushed up 4 close, final fixing with stake top 4 to stake.
In sum, horizontal loading test stake top restraint device of the present invention and method, make when loading horizontal loading, stake top can only occurred level displacement, and the displacement in corner or other directions does not occur, the pile foundation force and deformation at utmost in simulation Practical Project.So the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcoming of the prior art and tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all without prejudice under spirit of the present invention and category, can modify above-described embodiment or changes.Therefore, such as have in art usually know the knowledgeable do not depart from complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought all equivalence modify or change, must be contained by claim of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. a horizontal loading test stake top restraint device, it is characterized in that: it comprises the reaction frame (1) be positioned at around pile foundation, described reaction frame (1) and laboratory ground are fixed, described reaction frame (1) is fixedly connected with rail bracket assembly (2), separate type fixed case (3) is provided with in described rail bracket assembly (2), described separate type fixed case (3) moves horizontally in described rail bracket assembly (2), described separate type fixed case (3) is enclosed within stake top (4), the side of described separate type fixed case (3) is provided with horizontal loading apparatus (5), described separate type fixed case (3) comprise multiple separation casing (31) with by described multiple fastening structure being separated casing (31) and locking, described multiple separation casing (31) is fixed by described fastening structure and stake top (4).
2. horizontal loading test stake top according to claim 1 restraint device, is characterized in that: the quantity of described separation casing (31) is two, is that symmetrical plane is symmetrical with the axial symmetry face of stake top (4).
3. horizontal loading test stake top according to claim 2 restraint device, is characterized in that: described separation casing (31) is matched with the outer peripheral face of stake top (4) relative to the inner peripheral surface of stake top (4).
4. horizontal loading test stake top according to claim 2 restraint device, it is characterized in that: described fastening structure comprises the many screw rods (321) running through described two separation casings (31), nut (322) is equipped with at the two ends of described screw rod (321).
5. the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that: described rail bracket assembly (2) comprises the frame that gets on the right track (21) being positioned at described separate type fixed case (3) top and the lower railway frame (22) being positioned at described separate type fixed case (3) below, driving wheel (33) is provided with above and below described separation casing (31), the described frame that gets on the right track (21), lower railway frame (22) is equipped with the horizontal guide rail (23) corresponding with described driving wheel (33), described driving wheel (33) drives described separation casing (31) in the upper rolling of described guide rail (23).
6. horizontal loading test stake top according to claim 5 restraint device, it is characterized in that: described rail bracket assembly (2) also comprise two lay respectively at described in get on the right track the bracing frame (24) of frame (21), lower railway frame (22) left and right sides, two, described left and right bracing frame (24) is fixedly connected with the described frame that gets on the right track (21), lower railway frame (22), surrounds the inner space that is placed described separate type fixed case (3).
7. the horizontal loading test stake top restraint device according to any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that: described stake top (4) is stretched out from described rail bracket assembly (2).
8. horizontal loading test stake top according to claim 7 restraint device, is characterized in that: the length that described stake top (4) is stretched out from described rail bracket assembly (2) is 10cm.
9. use a method for horizontal loading test stake top restraint device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) be enclosed within stake top (4) by rail bracket assembly (2) and separate type fixed case (3), described rail bracket assembly (2) is fixedly connected with reaction frame (1);
2) vertical load is loaded in stake top (4) downwards along the axis of pile foundation;
3) by the separation casing (31) of described separate type fixed case (3), fixed by fastening structure and stake top (4);
4) at the side of described separate type fixed case (3), horizontal loading is loaded by horizontal loading apparatus (5).
10. the method for use horizontal loading test stake top according to claim 9 restraint device, is characterized in that, rail bracket assembly (2) and separate type fixed case (3) is enclosed within stake top (4), comprises the following steps:
1. be enclosed within stake top (4) by lower railway frame (22), guide rail (23) horizontal positioned on described lower railway frame (22), described lower railway frame (22) is fixedly connected with reaction frame (1);
2. be placed on described lower railway frame (22) by described separate type fixed case (3), the driving wheel (33) of described separation casing (31) below is placed on the guide rail (23) of described lower railway frame (22);
3. the frame (21) that will get on the right track is enclosed within stake top (4), and be placed on described separate type fixed case (3) top, the driving wheel (33) of described separation casing (31) top coordinates with the guide rail (23) on the described frame that gets on the right track (21), described in the frame (21) that gets on the right track be fixedly connected with described reaction frame (1).
The method of 11. use horizontal loading test stake top according to claim 10 restraint devices, it is characterized in that, rail bracket assembly (2) and separate type fixed case (3) are enclosed within stake top (4), also comprise the 4. step: the left and right sides of get on the right track described in two bracing frames (24) being placed on frame (21) and lower railway frame (22), and two bracing frames (24) are fixedly connected with the described frame that gets on the right track (21), lower railway frame (22), surround the inner space that is placed described separate type fixed case (3).
CN201210497143.9A 2012-11-28 2012-11-28 Pile top restraint device and method for horizontal load test Active CN103015464B (en)

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CN103821165B (en) * 2014-02-20 2016-05-11 长春工程学院 A kind of adjustable combined type earth anchor girder construction
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CN108411951B (en) * 2018-02-06 2019-11-08 太原理工大学 A kind of stake top compliant rotational constrained test device and method
CN108385738B (en) * 2018-02-06 2019-12-24 太原理工大学 Torque loading device and method for simulating pile top linear stiffness constraint
CN108360577B (en) * 2018-02-06 2019-11-08 太原理工大学 Simulate the torque loading device and method of stake top linearly or nonlinearly deflection constraint
CN109750692B (en) * 2019-01-24 2024-01-26 郑州大学 Test device for simulating pile top horizontal slip and embedding constraint and use method
CN110220702B (en) * 2019-07-23 2024-04-16 北京华横科技有限公司 Elastic foundation beam type internal force self-balancing jack static load test bed
CN112112200A (en) * 2020-10-23 2020-12-22 福州大学 Test device for fixing pile top and preventing pile top from deviating and installation method thereof
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CN202401479U (en) * 2011-11-16 2012-08-29 中石油东北炼化工程有限公司吉林设计院 Vertical anti-pulling static load test device for single pile

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Effective date of registration: 20151008

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Patentee after: Shanghai Third Harbor Engineering Science Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., China Communications Construction Group

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Patentee after: CCCC Shanghai Harbour Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd.

Address before: 200032 Shanghai city Xuhui District Zhaojiabang Road No. 829

Patentee before: Shanghai Third Harbor Engineering Science Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., China Communications Construction Group

Patentee before: China Construction Third Engineering Division Co., Ltd.