CN103013614A - Coal drying and upgrading method - Google Patents
Coal drying and upgrading method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103013614A CN103013614A CN2012105803854A CN201210580385A CN103013614A CN 103013614 A CN103013614 A CN 103013614A CN 2012105803854 A CN2012105803854 A CN 2012105803854A CN 201210580385 A CN201210580385 A CN 201210580385A CN 103013614 A CN103013614 A CN 103013614A
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Abstract
The invention is applicable to the technical fields of coal drying and coal dressing, and particularly relates to a coal drying and upgrading method. The method is mainly characterized in that a microwave drying system is used for drying raw coal, and a dry dressing system based on a sensor is used for separating out waste rocks or high-ash coal in the raw coal. The microwave drying has the advantages of high drying rate, energy saving, high production efficiency, uniform drying, clean production and favorable safety performance, is easy to realize automatic control, overcomes the problems of high coal burning possibility, high dust explosion possibility and the like in the high-temperature and medium-temperature drying process, and does not change the original property of the coal, thus being especially suitable for the drying of lignite, other metamorphic coal varieties, other high-activity coal varieties and other inflammable materials; and the dry dressing system avoids the use of a water source, solves the problem on coal separation in a water-deficient area, is compact in system structure and high in separation accuracy and efficiency, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, energy saving, environment friendliness and the like in comparison with traditional pneumatic coal separation. The invention organically combines the microwave drying system and the dry dressing system, and widens the application range, thereby being beneficial to the popularization of the coal upgrading technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of coal drying upgrading, be used for coal drying and coal preparation technology field.
Background technology
The fat coal resources such as the bituminous coal of China, hard coal have been fully utilized, it is limited to expand space, and large-scale developing and utilizing of brown coal just just begun, and China's lignite resource is relatively abundant, 1,903 hundred million tons of prognostic resourcess account for 41.18% of national coal prognostic resources.The characteristics such as the young coal such as brown coal, long-flame coal has water content height (20% ~ 50%), calorific value is low, volatile matter is high, poor heat stability, high, the easy spontaneous combustion of chemically reactive are difficult to transportation, store and sell.High-moisture in the young coal has directly increased transportation cost, plant construction and running cost, even affects the normal operation of production equipment, has reduced generating take these coals as raw material or the economy of Coal Chemical Engineering Project.
Ripe coal drying and dewatering technology has high temperature drying and middle temperature is dried method both at home and abroad, be that the gas temperature of drying installation entrance is generally more than 300 ℃, these two kinds of drying meanss are applicable to the bituminous coal of high metamorphic grade, anthracitic drying and dehydrating, but when the brown coal and bitumionus coal that is used for low metamorphic grade dry, then exist coal easily to catch fire, easily occur the problems such as dust explosion, be difficult to steady running, poor safety performance.
Coal separation is the most economical effective technology of By Reasonable Utilizing Its Coal Resources, protection of the environment, and coal preparation method commonly used is a lot, and the medium state difference of utilizing by assorting room can be divided into wet coal preparation and dry coal preparation two classes.Wet coal preparation is with water, suspension or other fluid liquids class coal preparation method as separating medium, this method is widely used, but it is large progressively to form the water yield, product needed dehydration (or de-mediated), drying and need are to subsequent disposal such as black water and gangue treatments, technical process is complicated, and production cost is higher, easily causes black water to pollute, the young coal of China is met the easy argillization of water in addition, should not adopt wet split; Dry coal preparation is the coal preparation method that carries out as separating medium with air.This method requires that raw coal free moisture is low, the material size classification is narrow, and limit for height under the separating density, efficient are low, and separating effect is good not as good as wet method, and the work air quantity is large, and the equipment dust pollution is more serious, and range of application is less.
Summary of the invention
According to above deficiency of the prior art; the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of method of coal drying upgrading is provided, and technique advanced person, drying efficiency and the efficiency of separation are high, and level of automation is high; the pollutions such as black water, dust have been avoided simultaneously, protection of the environment.
The method of coal drying upgrading of the present invention comprises following specific embodiment:
1. adopt the dry raw coal of microwave drying system: raw coal enters microwave drying system by the raw coal e Foerderanlage, loaded by the interior e Foerderanlage that runs through microwave oven body, microwave generator is connected with microwave oven body by waveguide, microwave is transferred in the microwave oven body by waveguide coal is carried out drying, and dried coal is transported to the dry separation system by accumulator conveyer;
2. isolate spoil or high-ash coal in the raw coal with sensor-based dry separation system: dried coal is supplied with sensor-based dry separation system through feeding machine, enter test set inside by chute, distinguish coal and spoil or high-ash coal by sensing system, the high-speed compressed air that the nozzle of controlling by Controlling System sprays changes the whereabouts track of spoil or ash coal, utilize spacer plate that coal is separated with spoil or ash coal, and transport with transportation equipment respectively.
Described raw coal e Foerderanlage adopts conveyor, also can adopt other transportation equipments that have function of the same race with conveyor.
The described two ends of running through the interior e Foerderanlage of microwave oven body are equipped with the inhibition passage, prevent that microwave from leaking.
The single peak power of described waveguide is 75 ~ 300kw.
Described microwave generator connects cooling system.The heat that microwave generator produces in the drying process is taken away by cooling system.Cooling system adopts circulating water system or other that system of cooling effect is arranged.
On the described microwave oven body venting port is set, venting port connects the flue gas condensing desulphurization system, and the flue gas that produces in the drying process is harmless emission after the flue gas condensing desulphurization system is carried out condensation desulfurization processing.
Described feeding machine is the adjustable type feeding machine.The adjustable type feeding machine is device conventional or that can realize, and its input speed is adjustable, by regulating input speed coal is carried out cloth, to prevent the coal stack.
Described sensing system is one or more the combination in X ray sensor, ultrasonic transducer, magnetic induction sensor, vision sensor, the colour sensation sensing device.
Described nozzle connects air compressor, and air compressor links to each other with gas-holder, and the high-speed compressed air of nozzle ejection can change the whereabouts track of impure coal cinder how, thereby isolates impure many coal cinders.
In this technique, interior e Foerderanlage, accumulator conveyer and transportation equipment can adopt travelling belt or other e Foerderanlages of function of the same race are arranged; Microwave drying system is combined as a unit with several microwave power supplys and a system control device, each unit can provide 0.1 ~ 1.5 megawatt even larger microwave power output, and the total power of microwave drying treatment system can make up according to actual requirements such as coal treatment capacities.The dehydration rate of coal is controlled, can realize by transfer rate and microwave output power that adjusting runs through e Foerderanlage in the body of heater.
The beneficial effect that the present invention compared with prior art has is:
Adopt microwave drying system to carry out drying in this technique, its thermal conduction direction is identical with the moisture diffusion direction, drying rate is large, energy-conservation, production efficiency is high, uniform drying, cleaner production, easily realize automatization control, safety performance is good, overcome high temperature, middle temperature is dried coal easily catches fire, easily occurs the problems such as dust explosion, and do not change original character of coal, this mode is particularly suitable for the drying of brown coal iso-metamorphism coal, high reactivity coal and flammable materials; The sensor-based dry separation system that adopts need not to utilize the water source, well solved the sorting problem of water-deficient area coal, system architecture is compact, saved dehydration (de-mediated) drying and the black water water treatment system of complexity in the wet coal preparation, avoided the black water pollution, the sensing system that adopts during sorting has improved the precision of coal separation, nozzle by Controlling System control only discharges high speed compression gas to the higher coal cinder of impurity, improve the efficiency of separation, compared advantages such as having energy consumption is low, energy-conserving and environment-protective with traditional pneumatic cleaning.In addition, the present invention combines microwave drying system and dry separation system, has overcome the shortcoming of independent use microwave drying system and dry separation system, has given full play to advantage separately, has enlarged range of application, more is conducive to the popularization of coal upgrading technology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of microwave drying system among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of dry separation system among the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, raw coal e Foerderanlage; 2, interior e Foerderanlage; 3, microwave oven body; 4, microwave generator; 5, waveguide; 6, suppress passage; 7, accumulator conveyer; 8, cooling system; 9, flue gas condensing desulphurization system; 10, chute; 11, sensing system; 12, Controlling System; 13, nozzle; 14, spacer plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described further:
The method of coal drying upgrading mainly adopts the dry raw coal of microwave drying system among the present invention, and isolates spoil or high-ash coal in the raw coal with sensor-based dry separation system, and specific embodiment is as follows:
1. use the dry raw coal of microwave drying system, as shown in Figure 1, raw coal enters microwave drying system by raw coal e Foerderanlage 1, by the interior e Foerderanlage 2(travelling belt that runs through microwave oven body 3 or other e Foerderanlages of function of the same race are arranged) load, microwave generator 4 is connected with microwave oven body 3 by waveguide 5, microwave is transferred in the microwave oven body 3 by waveguide 5 raw coal is carried out drying, is equipped with at the two ends of interior e Foerderanlage 2 to suppress passage 6, prevents that microwave from leaking.The control of the dehydration rate of coal can be by regulating interior e Foerderanlage 2 speed and the microwave power of output realize.The heat that microwave generator 4 produces in the drying process has the system of cooling effect by cooling system 8(circulating water system or other) to take away, the flue gas of generation is harmless emission after flue gas condensing desulphurization system 9 is carried out condensation desulfurization processing.Dried coal is by accumulator conveyer 7(travelling belt or other e Foerderanlages of function of the same race are arranged) be transported to the dry separation system.Wherein, raw coal e Foerderanlage 1 is conveyor or other transportation equipments that function of the same race is arranged.
2. isolate spoil or high-ash coal in the raw coal with sensor-based dry separation system, as shown in Figure 2, the sensor-based dry separation of supply system after the dried coal of microwave drying system passes through the feeding machine cloth, enter test set inside by chute 10, carry out radiography and composition judgement by consisting of of 11 pairs of coals of sensing system, the fluoroscopic image of coal cinder and feature can and contain spoil because of its density, sulphur, the difference of the impurity such as iron and presenting, sensing system 11 with information transmission to Controlling System 12, Controlling System 12 identifies impure coal cinder position how and controls the nozzle switch of correspondence position, change the whereabouts track of impure coal cinder how by the high-speed compressed air of nozzle 13 ejections, utilize spacer plate 14 that coal is separated with impure many coal cinders, and transport with travelling belt or other transportation equipments respectively.Wherein, chute has certain angle regulating function, and chute top can make baffle plate and carry out the cloth second time; Sensing system 11 is one or more the combinations in X ray sensor, ultrasonic transducer, magnetic induction sensor, vision sensor, the colour sensation sensing device; The high speed compression gas of nozzle 13 winding-ups is provided by air compressor, and air compressor links to each other with gas-holder.
The method of this coal drying upgrading, mainly comprise dehumidification system and dry separation system, the technique of this coal upgrading is to utilize dehydration and discharge refuse to remove the objectionable impuritiess such as ash content, sulfur to combine, improve the processing method of Coal Quality, it is higher mainly to be applicable to former moisture content of coal, the coal (such as brown coal) that especially interior water is high, ash content is large, calorific value is low.
Because traditional coal heating power drying and dehydrating improves the method for calorific value, efficient is low and the dehydration cost is high, this method is deviate from calorific value that moisture 27% obtains and can be added part of ash such as removing spoil and realize with removing 15% moisture with processing method of the present invention, therefore, existing independent of this technique contrast improves the method for ature of coal, better technological properties with the heating power drying and dehydrating, efficient is high, process costs is low, and energy consumption is low, more environmental protection.Dehumidification system adopts microwave or other methods of not destroying the coal form that coal is carried out drying, and dried coal enters based on sensor or other can realize the dry separation system of coal separation, with sensor and high pressure gas coal is separated with spoil.The discharge port of dehumidification system is connected with the opening for feed of dry separation system feeding machine by material conveying mechanism, and both are combined, and gives full play to advantage separately, the broadened application scope.
The microwave drying process that the present invention adopts can high efficiency removal coal free water, interior water and part sulphur and do not damage the inherent nature of coal, especially dried coal formalness can not change, for adopting dry separation craft, next step provides feasible condition, it is simple to control simultaneously parameter, is easier to carry out accurate humidity control.
Adopt traditional wet coal preparation and the common pneumatic cleaning of sensor-based dry separation system's replacement, saved dehydration (de-mediated) drying and the black water water treatment system of technical process complexity in the wet coal preparation, avoided the black water pollution, the shortcomings such as common pneumatic cleaning limitation is large, efficient is low, a large amount of dust of generation have been overcome, energy consumption is lower, and water-saving and environmental protection is specially adapted to the drought and water shortage area, system architecture is compact, and level of automation is high.
Claims (9)
1. the method for a coal drying upgrading is characterized in that: comprise following specific embodiment:
1. adopt the dry raw coal of microwave drying system: raw coal enters the microwave drying treatment system by raw coal e Foerderanlage (1), loaded by the interior e Foerderanlage (2) that runs through microwave oven body (3), microwave generator (4) is connected with microwave oven body (3) by waveguide (5), microwave is transferred in the microwave oven body (3) by waveguide (5) coal is carried out drying, and dried coal is transported to the dry separation system by accumulator conveyer (7);
2. isolate spoil or high-ash coal in the raw coal with sensor-based dry separation system: dried coal is supplied with sensor-based dry separation system through feeding machine, enter test set inside by chute (10), distinguish coal and spoil or high-ash coal by sensing system (11), the high-speed compressed air that the nozzle (13) of controlling by Controlling System (12) sprays changes the whereabouts track of spoil or ash coal, utilize spacer plate (14) that coal is separated with spoil or ash coal, and transport with transportation equipment respectively.
2. the method for 1 described coal drying upgrading as requested, it is characterized in that: described raw coal e Foerderanlage (1) adopts conveyor.
3. the method for 1 described coal drying upgrading as requested, it is characterized in that: the described two ends of running through the interior e Foerderanlage (2) of microwave oven body (3) are equipped with and suppress passage (6).
4. the method for 1 described coal drying upgrading as requested, it is characterized in that: the single peak power of described waveguide (5) is 75 ~ 300kw.
5. the method for 1 described coal drying upgrading as requested, it is characterized in that: described microwave generator (4) connects cooling system (8).
6. the method for 1 described coal drying upgrading as requested, it is characterized in that: described microwave oven body arranges venting port on (3), and venting port connects flue gas condensing desulphurization system (9).
7. the method for 1 described coal drying upgrading as requested, it is characterized in that: described feeding machine is the adjustable type feeding machine.
8. the method for 1 described coal drying upgrading as requested is characterized in that: described sensing system (11) is one or more the combination in X ray sensor, ultrasonic transducer, magnetic induction sensor, vision sensor, the colour sensation sensing device.
9. the method for 1 described coal drying upgrading as requested, it is characterized in that: described nozzle (13) connects air compressor, and air compressor links to each other with gas-holder.
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| CN2012105803854A CN103013614A (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Coal drying and upgrading method |
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| CN2012105803854A CN103013614A (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Coal drying and upgrading method |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN103801426A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-05-21 | 衢州市易凡设计有限公司 | Dry-type coal preparation method |
| CN105402998A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-16 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Coal dressing method |
| TWI769887B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2022-07-01 | 永虹先進材料股份有限公司 | Coal water removal equipment |
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Cited By (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN105402998A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-16 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Coal dressing method |
| TWI769887B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2022-07-01 | 永虹先進材料股份有限公司 | Coal water removal equipment |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |