CN101738077A - Brown coal drying and dehydrating device - Google Patents
Brown coal drying and dehydrating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101738077A CN101738077A CN200910083586A CN200910083586A CN101738077A CN 101738077 A CN101738077 A CN 101738077A CN 200910083586 A CN200910083586 A CN 200910083586A CN 200910083586 A CN200910083586 A CN 200910083586A CN 101738077 A CN101738077 A CN 101738077A
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- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007603 infrared drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a brown coal drying and dehydrating device and an application method. The hot-air drying and dehydrating device dries and dehydrates brown coal at high speed and low energy consumption by main means of high-power microwaves and infrared. The application method for the device comprises the steps of: crushing raw coal; pretreating the coal through a hot-air drying system to remove external water; and then drying and dehydrating the coal further by microwaves, wherein an infrared scanning system is adopted in the drying and dehydrating process in order to prevent the brown coal from backwater. By applying the device, the water in the brown coal can be removed by over 98 percent in short time. The brown coal drying and dehydrating device has the advantages of simpleness and easy operation of process flow, quick dehydration and low energy consumption. The device and the method have no negative effect on the environment, the water coming out through drying can also be recycled, and the device and the method are economic and effective.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the coal processing technique field, especially a kind of fast, low energy consumption processes the applied technical field of dehydration to brown coal.
Background technology:
China is the country that takes the primary energy resource with coal as the leading factor, has become world's first coal power.According to data, the coal resources in China workable reserves occupies the third place in the world, accounts for 11.5% of world's gross reserves.Wherein brown coal are handled and are accounted for 16% of world's brown coal gross reserves.The exploitation of the coal resources of China at present and utilizing based on bituminous coal and anthracite, the exploitation of brown coal and utilize level very low.Along with China to the continuous increase of energy demand with to the excessive exploitation of bituminous coal, anthracite resource, will be more and more important to the development and utilization of brown coal.Compare with bituminous coal, anthracite, the advantage of brown coal is that price is low, and reactivity height, but its calorific value is higher and relatively low because of water content only uses as coal blending heat supply power plant, causes a large amount of brown coal by idle and can't utilize.Therefore one of key of brown coal development and use is the exploitation of brown coal drying and upgrading technology.
At present, dehydration mainly is based on methods such as mechanical presses, the smelting of kiln fire, hot air evaporations to brown coal.Brown coal after the dry processing of the steam of U.S.'s exploitation do not solve the problem of brown coal nature, even the possibility of spontaneous combustion is increased, and are not suitable for the national conditions of China's lignite resource development and use.Brown coal research center, Australia has worked out mechanical hot extrusion technology, and this technical finesse efficient is low, and the brown coal water content after the processing is still higher.The brown coal drying technology of developing that Japan NEDO subsidizes is to utilize heavy oil and brown coal mixed processing, has consumed a large amount of heavy oil, also is not suitable for China's national situation.The technology that also has adopts mechanical system to remove the coal surface moisture.Along with the popularization of burning fine coal technology, for improving crush efficiency, the dry in advance important way that has become coal drying.Moisture in the coal is divided into three kinds of attached water, adsorbed water and water of constitutions.Available mechanical system (as filtration, sedimentation) or evaporation drying mode remove attached water.Generally to adopt pressurization and intensification and remove adsorbed water, utilize the thermal denaturation of coal to remove adsorbed water.This method is called heat modification dehydration or non-evaporating dehydrolysis, and major defect is that the production cycle is long, the energy consumption height.
At above-mentioned situation, our company has invented a kind of microwave and has helped the brown coal dehydration equipment through long-term fund input and technological development.Though patent US4567340A also once mentioned a kind of electromagnetic wave brown coal dehydration equipment, this equipment operating cost height mainly shows the energy consumption height.In addition, also mentioned the microwave dryer of coal in patent CN101326265A, at first this equipment is the same with patent US4567340A is all single microwave drying and plays the operating cost height; Secondly, mention requirement in this patent the coal of pulverizing will be carried out classification according to granularity, remake dry the processing, also just having increased operation has accordingly increased operating cost for this.Electromagnetic wave is mainly driven by electricity as you know; and electromagnetic wave is 75% by the efficient that input power transfers power output to, and the 1KW power output can be evaporated 1kg water, therefore the words of being dewatered by electromagnetic wave fully when brown coal; cost is quite high, is difficult to large-scale production.And microwave in removing brown coal interior water (adsorbed water) and the efficient during water of constitution be very high, because hydrone is for inhaling the ripple material, it increases the energy of self by the energy that absorbs microwave, thereby the whirling vibration of acceleration hydrone also is distributed in the air, and these conventional equipments are difficult to accomplish.Therefore, in conjunction with these characteristics, we have invented a kind of microwave and have helped the brown coal dehydration equipment, and this equipment has carried out effective the combination with conventional dehydration technology with microwave dehydration; The equipment that the present invention mentioned no matter from operating cost, still from production efficiency, and on the product quality, all can well satisfy need of industrial production.And this equipment coal of need not to pulverize carries out classification and just can directly carry out drying and dehydrating, and this equipment also is furnished with dedusting and moisture reclaimer in addition, is beneficial to environmental protection.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned technical deficiency, a kind of application technology of brown coal drying and dehydrating is provided, this technical matters flow process is simple, speed is fast, energy consumption is low, environmental friendliness, improved the dehydration rate of brown coal to a greater degree, generally can reach more than 98%, reach the purpose that improves the brown coal calorific value.And the moisture that this method is evaporated can be recycled, and this method cost of investment is low, can suitability for industrialized production.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: mainly by, by vibration charger (1), hot air drying system, several big main devices such as involving vibrations fluid bed or revolving drum heated-air drying equipment (2), cyclone dust collectors (3), condenser (4), microwave drying dehumidifying cavity (5), observation panel (6), infra-red drying scanning cavity (7), hot-blast stove (8) constitute.
It is 1~100mm that described equipment, raw coal must be crushed to that granular size is about.
Described equipment, (so-called microwave is a kind of electromagnetic wave to microwave, is the electromagnetic wave of frequency at 300MHz-300GHz, and promptly the electromagnetic wave of wavelength in 100cm to 1mm scope that is to say that wavelength is between far infrared and radio wave.And the frequency of the microwave that we adopted is that two kinds of 2450 ± 50MHz of international regulation and 915 ± 25MHz, wave-length coverage are respectively 0.122 ± 1%m and 0.328 ± 1%m) dehydration and can adopt the belt heating of flowing.
Described equipment, infrared (λ the is 100 μ m~300 μ m) power bracket that is adopted are from 1-100KW, on the coal of top radiation on transport tape by the drier cavity, with the brown coal backwater after the inhibition dehydration.
Institute's art equipment has condensate recovery system, and the moisture that takes off can be recycled.
Described equipment, the automaticity height can be controlled material transport tape transporting velocity automatically by humidity inductive element and temperature sensitive member.
Because brown coal itself contain a certain amount of water, water content probably is 20%~40%.Brown coal are carried out in the processing and utilization process, at first need wherein contained moisture is deviate from.Traditional brown coal dehydration method mainly be based on methods such as electric furnace heating or kiln fire smelting heating, but these method energy consumptions is big, the cycle is long, cost is high.
And this apparatus and process is compared with conventional method, and technology is simple, and operation easily, reaction are fast; And have good environmental effect, the moisture that is evaporated can be recycled.
In addition the coal sample of utilizing this equipment dehydration, the coal sample and the original coal sample of conventional method dehydration are carried out constituent analysis, the result shows that this method does not have negative effect to coal sample, but caloric value improves greatly.It is a kind of very feasible application technology that this explanation utilizes this equipment.
The method of operating of this brown coal drying and dehydrating device is:
The brown coal that at first will be crushed to suitable granularity are sent into vibrated fluidized bed or revolving drum heated-air drying equipment by the vibration charger, by hot-blast stove hot blast is blown into heated-air drying equipment then and comprises that equipment such as revolving drum heated-air drying equipment or vibration sulfuration bed carry out preliminary treatment to brown coal, remove outer water; To be delivered in the microwave cavity by transport tape through pretreated coal, further dewater by the hydrone provocative reaction; For preventing backwater, scan dehumidifying by the infra-red radiation cavity at last.
Carry out brown coal drying and upgrading by this equipment, can realize brown coal drying and upgrading purpose rapidly, through the brown coal after the processing, ature of coal improves greatly, and self-ignition index reduces greatly, if water content is at the brown coal more than 32%, by after this PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, calorific value can improve more than the 1800Kcal/kg.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the side view of this equipment
The data of Fig. 2 example 1,2,3 are summed up figure
In Fig. 1,1-vibrates charger; 2-hot air drying system (vibrated fluidized bed or revolving drum heated-air drying equipment); The 3-cyclone dust collectors; 4-condenser, 5-microwave drying dehumidifying cavity, 6-observation panel, 7-infra-red drying scanning cavity, 8-hot-blast stove.
In Fig. 2, brown coal dehydration rate and time relation in following 3 instantiation modes have been carried out further summary.
The instantiation mode:
The raw material brown coal of our employing are from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in an embodiment, moisture is 33.2%, equipment such as revolving drum heated-air drying equipment or vibration sulfuration bed are adopted in preliminary treatment, and the frequency of microwave is two kinds of 2450 ± 50MHz or 915 ± 25MHz, and infrared wavelength is 138 μ m or 238 μ m.
Take by weighing the raw coal 500g that has been broken, 115 ℃ of process revolution forced air drying equipment preliminary treatment down, adopt microwave treatment then earlier, microwave frequency is 2450MHz, and power output is 700K, and behind the 5min, the coal weight-loss ratio is 32.25%, moisture about 0.8%.Through test, this calorific value of coal is upgraded to 6000 kilocalories by 3750 kilocalories of raw coal.
Take by weighing the raw coal 500g that has been broken, adopt the step of embodiment 1, after 125 ℃ the process vibrated fluidized bed is handled down, adopt microwave treatment, microwave frequency is 915MHz, and power output is 700K, behind the 5min, the coal weight-loss ratio is 32.85%, moisture about 0.35%.Through test, this calorific value of coal is upgraded to 6080 kilocalories by 3750 kilocalories of raw coal.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing the raw coal 600g that has been broken, adopt the step of embodiment 1, after 140 ℃ process is turned round air blast heat treatment down, adopt microwave treatment, microwave frequency is 915MHz, and power output is 750K, and behind the 4min, the coal weight-loss ratio is 32.5%, moisture about 0.7%.Through test, this calorific value of coal is upgraded to 6045 kilocalories by 3750 kilocalories of raw coal.
3 sample result datagrams are seen accompanying drawing 2.In the accompanying drawings, 0 pairing ordinate of abscissa is that brown coal are through pretreated dehydration percentage.
Claims (9)
1. brown coal drying and dehydrating device, described equipment comprises with lower device: vibration charger (1), hot air drying system (2), cyclone dust collectors (3), condenser (4), observation panel (6); Wherein
Described vibration charger (1) is communicated with described hot air drying system, and the brown coal that are crushed to suitable granularity are sent into hot air drying system by vibration charger (1); This hot air drying system carries out preliminary treatment to coal, discharges from the discharging opening of described hot air drying system through pretreated coal;
It is characterized in that: described brown coal drying and dehydrating device also comprises microwave drying dehumidifying cavity (5) and infra-red drying scanning cavity (7), the pretreated coal of process of being discharged by described discharging opening is delivered to described microwave drying dehumidifying cavity (5) by transport tape, utilizes strong microwave further to dewater by the hydrone provocative reaction; Scan dehumidifying by described infra-red drying scanning cavity (7) at last.
2. brown coal drying and dehydrating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hot air drying system (2) that this equipment is adopted in the coal preliminary treatment comprises drying equipments such as revolving drum heated-air drying equipment or vibration sulfuration bed, it carries out preliminary treatment to brown coal, removes outer water.
3. brown coal drying and dehydrating device according to claim 1, the wavelength X that it is characterized in that the strong microwave that this equipment adopts is 1cm~40cm, it comprises 2450MHz, 915MHz frequency range, power bracket is from 5-100KW and 20-600KW, with 6 the road or multichannel be fed into simultaneously and remove water in the contained residue of coal in the drying equipment cavity.
4. brown coal drying and dehydrating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the infrared wavelength X that this equipment adopts is 100 μ m~300 μ m, and its power bracket is from 1-100KW, to suppress backwater.
5. brown coal drying and dehydrating device according to claim 1 when it is characterized in that using this equipment, at first is broken into brown coal the particle of 1~100mm, adopts this equipment to dewater then.
6. according to the described brown coal drying and dehydrating device of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that described equipment also comprises humidity inductive element and temperature sensitive member, is used for controlling automatically the transporting velocity of material transport tape.
7. as the described brown coal drying and dehydrating device of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that this equipment has comprised the hydrofuge condensate recovery system, can be with the water recycling of discharging.
8. method of using brown coal drying and dehydrating device as claimed in claim 1, this method may further comprise the steps:
(a): the particle that earlier raw coal is broken into 1~100mm;
(b): resulting brown coal particle in (a) put into carry out heat pre-treatment in the legacy equipment, remove outer water;
Described method is characterised in that:
(c): will send it in the microwave drying dehumidifying cavity (5) by transport tape by the brown coal particle after the heat pre-treatment, and utilize strong microwave further to dewater by the hydrone provocative reaction;
(d): the brown coal particle after the microwave drying is scanned dehumidifying by described infra-red drying scanning cavity (7), afterwards the product behind the drying and dehydrating is discharged.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: in the process of reaction dehydration, adopt recovery technology simultaneously, with the water recycling of discharging.
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CN109731667A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-10 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of coal variable amplitude vibration fluidized bed drying and sorting system and sorting method |
CN109731667B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-07-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Drying and sorting system and method for coal variable-amplitude vibrating fluidized bed |
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