Summary of the invention
In order further to improve the pour point depression effect of pour point depressant, widen its Application Areas, the invention provides a kind of copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil.
The invention provides a kind of copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil, this pour point depressant is the mixture of a kind of triblock copolymer or multiple triblock copolymer, and the structural formula of described triblock copolymer is as follows:
In the formula, n is the integer of 7-17, and a, b, c are respectively the integer of 1-1000, and the viscosity-average molecular weight of triblock copolymer is 10000-500000.
Preferably, described n is the integer of 11-15, and preferred n is 11 or 13, and most preferred n is 13.
Preferably, described viscosity-average molecular weight is 10000-100000, is more preferably 20000-40000.
Preferably, described pour point depressant is the mixture of multiple triblock copolymer, and more preferably described pour point depressant is that n is that 11 triblock copolymer and n are the in mass ratio mixture that mixes of 1:1-7:3 of 13 triblock copolymer.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned triblock copolymer, and the method may further comprise the steps:
(1) add the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and vinylbenzene in device, wherein, the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and cinnamic molar fraction are respectively 10-80%;
(2) adding consumption is the radical polymerization initiator of the 0.1-1% of the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and vinylbenzene total mass;
(3) be warming up to 70-80 ℃, reacted 3-8 hour;
(4) excessive vinyl acetate is removed in underpressure distillation, obtains triblock copolymer;
The structural formula of the senior ester of described fumaric acid is
In the formula, n is the integer of 7-17.
Preferably, the senior ester of described fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and cinnamic molar fraction are respectively 20-60%.
Preferably, the consumption of described radical polymerization initiator is 0.5% of the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and vinylbenzene total mass.
Preferably, described radical polymerization initiator is dibenzoyl peroxide or Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate.
Preferably, the described reaction times is 4-6 hour.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention has added the 3rd monomer styrene on the basis of polyvinyl acetate (PVA)-fumarate multipolymer pour point depressant (T818), obtained a kind of pour depressant for lubricating oil with excellent pour point depression effect, this pour point depressant can be that one-component also can be composite component, for base oil 150N, pour point depressant after composite is the highest can to reduce by 19 ℃, for base oil 150SN, the pour point depressant after composite is the highest can to reduce by 32 ℃, and the pour point depression successful is better than T818.
Embodiment
A kind of triblock copolymer, this triblock copolymer are vinyl acetate, fumarate and cinnamic terpolymer, and structural formula is as follows:
In the formula, n is the integer of 7-17, and a, b, c are respectively the integer of 1-1000, and the viscosity-average molecular weight of triblock copolymer is 10000-500000.
Preferably, described n is the integer of 11-15, and preferred n is 11 or 13, and most preferred n is 13.
Preferably, described viscosity-average molecular weight is 10000-100000, is more preferably 20000-40000.
A kind of copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil, this pour point depressant are the mixture of a kind of above-mentioned triblock copolymer or multiple above-mentioned triblock copolymer.
Preferably, described pour point depressant is the mixture of multiple triblock copolymer, and more preferably described pour point depressant is that n is that 11 triblock copolymer and n are the mixture of 13 triblock copolymer.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned triblock copolymer, and the method may further comprise the steps:
(1) in device, adds the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and vinylbenzene, wherein, the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and cinnamic molar fraction are respectively 10-80%, and the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and cinnamic molar fraction sum are 100%;
(2) adding consumption is the radical polymerization initiator of the 0.1-1% of the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and vinylbenzene total mass;
(3) be warming up to 70-80 ℃, reacted 3-8 hour;
(4) excessive vinyl acetate is removed in underpressure distillation, obtains light yellow, viscous liquid, i.e. triblock copolymer, namely the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil of one-component;
The structural formula of the senior ester of described fumaric acid is
In the formula, n is the integer of 7-17.
When the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil is composite component, when being the mixing of multiple triblock copolymer, first multiple triblock copolymer is prepared as stated above, the multiple triblock copolymer that obtains, through mixing, be composite component copolymers type pour depressant for lubricating oil, for mixed species and not restriction of blending ratio, can both realize technique effect of the present invention, the embodiment of the invention provides, in two kinds of base oils of 150N and 150SN, and pour point depression better effects if when the average carbon number of the n of composite rear segmented copolymer is 13, preferred n be 11 triblock copolymer and n be 13 triblock copolymer in mass ratio 1:1-7:3 mix, but the invention is not restricted to this.
The senior ester of described fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and cinnamic molar fraction preferably are respectively 20-60%, triblock copolymer of the present invention, in the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and the cinnamic proportioning, increase the pour point depression effect that cinnamic addition can improve pour point depressant.
Radical polymerization initiator of the present invention does not have particular requirement, is preferably dibenzoyl peroxide, Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, and consumption is preferably 0.5% of the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and vinylbenzene total mass.
Triblock copolymer polymeric reaction temperature of the present invention is at 70-80 ℃, temperature for the decomposition of initiator initiation, temperature is lower than 70 ℃, a small amount of initiated polymerization, and need the long period, temperature is higher than 80 ℃, although also can realize the present invention, but consider industrial production cost, the too high actual application value that loses of temperature.
Preferably, the described reaction times is 4-6 hour.
The reaction equation that the present invention prepares triblock copolymer is as follows:
The senior ester of fumaric acid of the present invention can the chamber prepares by being purchased also by experiment, and its preparation method is prior art, the invention provides the preparation method of the senior ester of a kind of fumaric acid, but the invention is not restricted to this, and the method may further comprise the steps:
(1) be in molar ratio 1:0.1-10 adding of 8-18 higher alcohols and the fumaric acid reaction unit with carbon number;
(2) add the double band of the solvent aqua that consumption is the 40%-300% of higher alcohols and fumaric acid total mass;
(3) the rising temperature of reaction system is to 110-150 ℃;
(4) adding consumption is the 1-2% catalyzer of higher alcohols and fumaric acid total mass, stirs and carries out stirring velocity 50-500 rev/min esterification 3-10 hour;
(5) underpressure distillation, desolventizing obtains the senior ester of fumaric acid.
Preferably, be warming up to 120-140 ℃ in the step (3).
Preferably, stirring velocity is 100-200 rev/min in the step (4), reacts 5-6 hour.
Preferably, the mol ratio of described higher alcohols and fumaric acid is 1:0.5-2.
Described solvent is held concurrently and is with aqua not have particular requirement, preferred benzene,toluene,xylene, hexanaphthene or sherwood oil, and consumption is preferably 60% of higher alcohols and fumaric acid total mass.
Described catalyzer be the esterification custom catalysts all can, preferred tosic acid, consumption is preferably the 1.4-1.5% of higher alcohols and fumaric acid total mass.
The reaction equation that the present invention prepares the senior ester of fumaric acid is as follows:
Copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil of the present invention is applicable to various types of other lubricating oil, this pour point depressant is as lubricating oil additive, addition in lubricating oil is prior art, the amount of adding generally is not higher than 2wt%, the higher economic worth of adding is also just lower, and the addition of preferred pour point depressant is 0.5wt%, and the embodiment of the invention provides the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil at 150N and 150SN type lubricating oil, the pour point depressant addition is the pour point depression effect of 0.1wt%-0.5wt%, but the invention is not restricted to this.
The detection of the pour point depression effect of copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil of the present invention is techniques well known, adopts GB GB/T 3535-2006.
In order to make those skilled in the art further understand the present invention, further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Comparative Examples 1
In conjunction with Fig. 1 Comparative Examples 1 is described
The preparation of polyvinyl acetate (PVA)-fumarate (T818):
(1) tetradecyl alcohol of 0.1mol and 0.1mol fumaric acid are joined in the reactor with whipping appts, 60% the toluene that adds tetradecyl alcohol and fumaric acid total mass, 1.5% the tosic acid that adds tetradecyl alcohol and fumaric acid total mass, under 130 ℃ of temperature, carry out polymerization 5 hours, obtain the senior ester of fumaric acid;
(2) in the reactor of being furnished with whipping appts, temperature sensing device, add the senior ester of fumaric acid of 0.1mol, the vinyl acetate of 0.13mol, 0.5% the dibenzoyl peroxide that adds the senior ester of fumaric acid and vinyl acetate total mass, 70-80 ℃ of lower reaction 5 hours, through underpressure distillation, remove excessive vinyl acetate, obtain polyvinyl acetate (PVA)-fumarate pour point depressant, viscosity-average molecular weight is 43,000 ten thousand, is labeled as PFVS01.
PFVS01 is carried out the pour point depression measure of merit in two kinds of base oil 150N and 150SN, the dosage that adds of pour point depressant is 0.5wt% (pour point depressant/base oil), and test result sees Table 1.
Fig. 1 is the infrared spectrogram of the polyvinyl acetate (PVA)-fumarate pour point depressant of the embodiment of the invention 1, and as can be seen from Figure 1,1 is-(CH
2)
n-formation vibration peak, 2 are-the C-O-C stretching vibration peak, and 3 is the formation vibration peak of ester, and 4 is ester carbonyl stretching vibration peak, and 5 are-C-CH
2-C-symmetrical stretching vibration peak, 6 are-C-CH
2-C-asymmetrical stretching vibration peak.
Embodiment 1
In conjunction with Fig. 2 embodiment 1 is described
The preparation method of one-component copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil:
(1) fumaric acid of the tetradecyl alcohol of 0.08mol and 0.08mol is joined in the reactor with whipping appts, the toluene that adds the total mass 60% of tetradecyl alcohol and fumaric acid, 1.5% the tosic acid that adds tetradecyl alcohol and fumaric acid total mass, under 130 ℃ of temperature, carry out polymerization 6 hours, obtain the senior ester of fumaric acid;
(2) the senior ester of fumaric acid, the vinyl acetate of 0.08mol, the 0.08mol vinylbenzene of adding 0.08mol in the reactor of being furnished with whipping appts, temperature sensing device, 0.5% the dibenzoyl peroxide that adds the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and vinylbenzene total mass, 70-80 ℃ of lower reaction 6 hours, through underpressure distillation, remove excessive vinyl acetate, obtain the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil, viscosity-average molecular weight is 65000, is labeled as PFVS02.
PFVS02 is carried out one-component pour point depression measure of merit in two kinds of base oil 150N and 150SN, the dosage that adds of pour point depressant is 0.5wt% (pour point depressant/base oil), and test result sees Table 1.
Fig. 2 is the infrared spectrogram of the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil of the embodiment of the invention 1, and 1 is-(CH
2)
n-formation vibration peak, 2 are-the C-O-C stretching vibration peak, and 3 is the formation vibration peak of ester, and 4 is ester carbonyl stretching vibration peak, and 5 are-C-CH
2-C-symmetrical stretching vibration peak, 6 are-C-CH
2-C-asymmetrical stretching vibration peak, 7 is single-substituted ring C-H out-of-plane deformation vibration peak, 8 is the skeleton stretching vibration peak of phenyl ring.
Contrast as can be known from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 infrared spectra, the infrared spectra of copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil that has added embodiment 1 preparation of the 3rd monomer styrene will have more two peaks, it is respectively peak 7,8, the single-substituted ring C-H out-of-plane deformation vibration of 7 representatives peak, peak, peak 8 represents the skeleton stretching vibration peak of phenyl ring, proves that thus styrene monomer has participated in copolymerization.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of one-component copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil:
(1) fumaric acid of the tetradecyl alcohol of 0.08mol and 0.08mol is joined in the reactor with whipping appts, the toluene that adds tetradecyl alcohol and fumaric acid total mass 60%, 1.5% the tosic acid that adds tetradecyl alcohol and fumaric acid total mass, under 120 ℃ of temperature, carry out polymerization 5.5 hours, obtain the senior ester of fumaric acid;
(2) in the reactor of being furnished with whipping appts, temperature sensing device, add the senior ester of fumaric acid of 0.08mol, the vinyl acetate of 0.08mol, the vinylbenzene of 0.04mol, 0.5% the dibenzoyl peroxide that adds the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and vinylbenzene total mass, 70-80 ℃ of lower reaction 4 hours, through underpressure distillation, remove excessive vinyl acetate, obtain the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil, viscosity-average molecular weight is 55000, is labeled as PFVS03.
PFVS03 is carried out one-component pour point depression measure of merit in two kinds of base oil 150N and 150SN, the dosage that adds of pour point depressant is 0.5wt% (pour point depressant/base oil), and test result sees Table 1.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of one-component copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil:
(1) fumaric acid of the lauryl alcohol of 0.08mol and 0.08mol is joined in the reactor with whipping appts, the toluene that adds lauryl alcohol and fumaric acid total mass 60%, 1.5% the tosic acid that adds lauryl alcohol and fumaric acid total mass, under 140 ℃ of temperature, carry out polymerization 5 hours, obtain the senior ester of fumaric acid;
(2) in the reactor of being furnished with whipping appts, temperature sensing device, add the senior ester of fumaric acid of 0.08mol, the vinyl acetate of 0.08mol, the vinylbenzene of 0.04mol, 0.5% the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide that adds the senior ester of fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and vinylbenzene total mass, 70-80 ℃ of lower reaction 5 hours, through underpressure distillation, remove excessive vinyl acetate, obtain the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil, viscosity-average molecular weight is 58000, is labeled as PFVS04.
PFVS04 is carried out one-component pour point depression measure of merit in two kinds of base oil 150N and 150SN, the dosage that adds of pour point depressant is 0.5wt% (pour point depressant/base oil), and test result sees Table 1.
Table 1 one-component pour point depression measure of merit
In the table 1, LZ803B is the industrial goods poly-alpha-olefin pour depressant; As can be seen from the above table, do not add cinnamic pour point depressant PFVS01 (commodity T818) pour point depression successful and will be lower than interpolation cinnamic pour point depressant (PFVS02, PFVS03 and PFVS04); The pour point depression effect of PFVS02 is higher than PFVS03 and PFVS04, illustrates that the increase pour point depression effect along with the vinylbenzene addition increases; The pour point depression effect of one-component copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil of the present invention is excellent not as good as industrial goods LZ803B.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of composite component copolymers type pour depressant for lubricating oil:
With the PFVS02 of embodiment 1 preparation and the in mass ratio 3:7 mixing of PFVS04 of embodiment 3 preparations, obtain the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil.
The copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil of embodiment 4 preparations is carried out respectively composite component pour point depression measure of merit in two kinds of base oil 150N and 150SN, the dosage that adds of pour point depressant is respectively 0.5wt%, 0.2wt% and 0.1wt% (pour point depressant/base oil), test result sees Table 2, table 4 and table 5.
The composite component pour point depression of table 2 measure of merit
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of composite component copolymers type pour depressant for lubricating oil:
With the PFVS02 of embodiment 1 preparation and the in mass ratio 1:1 mixing of PFVS04 of embodiment 3 preparations, obtain the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil.
The copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil of embodiment 5 preparation is carried out respectively composite component pour point depression measure of merit in two kinds of base oil 150N and 150SN, the dosage that adds of pour point depressant is 0.5wt% (pour point depressant/base oil), and test result sees Table 4 and table 5.
Embodiment 6
The preparation method of composite component copolymers type pour depressant for lubricating oil:
With the PFVS03 of embodiment 2 preparations and the in mass ratio 3:7 mixing of PFVS04 of embodiment 3 preparations, obtain the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil.
The copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil of embodiment 6 preparation is carried out respectively composite component pour point depression measure of merit in two kinds of base oil 150N and 150SN, the dosage that adds of pour point depressant is 0.5wt% (pour point depressant/base oil), and test result sees Table 4 and table 5.
Embodiment 7
The preparation method of composite component copolymers type pour depressant for lubricating oil:
With the PFVS03 of embodiment 2 preparations and the in mass ratio 1:1 mixing of PFVS04 of embodiment 3 preparations, obtain the copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil.
The copolymer type pour depressant for lubricating oil of embodiment 7 preparations is carried out respectively composite component pour point depression measure of merit in two kinds of base oil 150N and 150SN, the dosage that adds of pour point depressant is respectively 0.5wt%, 0.2wt% and 0.1wt% (pour point depressant/base oil), and test result sees Table 3, table 4 and table 5.
The composite component pour point depression of table 3 measure of merit
The composite component pour point depression of table 4 measure of merit
The composite component pour point depression of table 5 measure of merit
By upper table 2-5 as can be known, for base oil 150N, the pour point depressant after composite is the highest can to reduce by 19 ℃, has reached the effect of industrial goods poly-alpha-olefin pour depressant LZ803B; For base oil 150SN, the pour point depressant after composite is the highest can to reduce by 32 ℃, has surpassed the effect of industrial goods poly-alpha-olefin pour depressant LZ803B.