CN103008986B - A kind of numerical control boring-mill work method of Internal Spherical Surface - Google Patents
A kind of numerical control boring-mill work method of Internal Spherical Surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN103008986B CN103008986B CN201210509675.XA CN201210509675A CN103008986B CN 103008986 B CN103008986 B CN 103008986B CN 201210509675 A CN201210509675 A CN 201210509675A CN 103008986 B CN103008986 B CN 103008986B
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Abstract
A numerical control boring-mill work method for Internal Spherical Surface, relates to digital control processing field.According to the movement locus of Internal Spherical Surface determination knife tool arc center of radius to be processed, cutter is placed in apart from part upper surface; Determine cutter point; By cutter point start, cutter is rotated a circle in horizontal plane, until cutter has come back to cutter point around Internal Spherical Surface center line to be processed; In perpendicular, make cutter do cutting movement along this track, the span of the stepping of cutting be corner radius 1/4 to 1/5 between; To the starting point of the position after cutting movement as new horizontal circular movement be done, continue cutter is rotated a circle around Internal Spherical Surface center line to be processed in horizontal plane, and make cutter come back to starting point.Instant invention overcomes conventional method and in part, boring can only go out the defect of cylindrical surface, be applicable to the processing of all kinds of Internal Spherical Surface, process time average out to about 5 minutes, working (machining) efficiency can improve more than 2 times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital control processing field, particularly a kind of numerical control boring-mill work method of Internal Spherical Surface.
Background technology
In actual production, being subject to the restriction such as equipment, frock cannot the excessive part Internal Spherical Surface of the Vehicle Processing radius of gyration; And adopt during profile milling cutter milling Internal Spherical Surface " cutter relieving " situation substantially all can occur, cause processing dimension defective, artificial throwing is needed to repair finished surface, if material slightly firmly just need at substantial manually and very easily cause off-dimension, surface luminous intensity also only can reach about Ra6.3, has a strong impact on the assembly precision of part, serviceability and service life.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the object of the invention is a kind of numerical control boring-mill work method proposing Internal Spherical Surface, by the object realizing processing all kinds of Internal Spherical Surface to cutter Trajectory Design.
A numerical control boring-mill work method for Internal Spherical Surface, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: according to the movement locus of Internal Spherical Surface determination knife tool arc center of radius to be processed, in horizontal plane, moving track calculation formula is as follows:
(R-r)*sinθ(1)
In perpendicular, movement locus formula is as follows:
(R-r)*cosθ(2)
In formula, R is spherical radius to be processed; R is corner radius; θ be center cutter to the line of sphere centre to be processed and sphere centre to be processed to the vertical join line of part upper surface between angle;
Rapid 2: cutter is placed in apart from piece surface a distance, and ensure that institute's seated position is on the extension line of movement locus in the determined perpendicular of step 1
The distance of cutter distance part upper surface is: between 1.5 times to 2 times of corner radius;
Step 3: determined cutter point, method is: utilize Pythagorean theorem, according to leg-of-mutton two limits, is namely with the difference of processing sphere centre of sphere radius and knife tool arc, the centre of sphere to part upper surface distance, calculate the 3rd length of side, the result of the 3rd length of side and step 2 can determine cutter point coordinates;
Step 4: by cutter point start, cutter is rotated a circle in horizontal plane, until cutter has come back to cutter point around Internal Spherical Surface center line to be processed;
Step 5: along the determined track of step 1, makes cutter do cutting movement along this track in perpendicular, the span of the stepping of cutting be corner radius 1/4 to 1/5 between;
Step 6: will do the starting point of the position after cutting movement as new horizontal circular movement, continues cutter is rotated a circle around Internal Spherical Surface center line to be processed in horizontal plane, and makes cutter come back to starting point;
Step 7: judge whether the lower surface reaching part, if reach, then terminates process, otherwise, perform step 5.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is by achieving the processing to Internal Spherical Surface to the design of cutter path, overcome conventional method and in part, boring can only go out the defect of cylindrical surface, be applicable to the processing of all kinds of Internal Spherical Surface, process time average out to about 5 minutes, working (machining) efficiency can improve more than 2 times, also can save production cost in a large number.Therefore, this project has adaptability, good economy and powerful dissemination widely at home.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the numerical control boring-mill work method flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention Internal Spherical Surface;
Fig. 2 is the movement locus schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention knife tool arc center of radius;
Fig. 3 is that one embodiment of the present invention cutter is placed in piece surface schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that one embodiment of the present invention plays cutter point schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that one embodiment of the present invention cutter heart circular arc makees moving interpolation front view;
Fig. 6 is that one embodiment of the present invention cutter heart does full circle moving interpolation top view;
In figure, 1, Internal Spherical Surface to be processed 2, point of a knife 3, handle of a knife 4, part.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Embodiment of the present invention adopts the method for the numerical control boring-mill work method working inner sphere of Internal Spherical Surface, and as shown in Figure 1, this flow process starts from step 101 to its flow process.In step 102, formula (1) is utilized to calculate the movement locus of knife tool arc center of radius, in present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, curve A B is the movement locus of knife tool arc center of radius, and this movement locus and Internal Spherical Surface have the distance of corner radius.
In step 103, for ensureing the surface quality of spherical edges and the continuity of whole sphere, be placed in by cutter apart from piece surface a distance, as shown in Figure 3, in present embodiment, cutter is placed on a C, and some C is between 1.5 times to 2 times of corner radius.
In step 104, determine cutter point, as shown in Figure 4, method is: the difference (CZO in present embodiment processing sphere centre of sphere radius and knife tool arc according to band, wherein CZ0=R-r), the centre of sphere to part upper surface distance (Z0D in present embodiment), utilize Pythagorean theorem to calculate the 3rd length of side CD, the C point ordinate that the 3rd length of side CD obtains as the abscissa of C, step 103 can have been determined cutter point coordinates.
In step 105, by cutter point start, cutter is rotated a circle in horizontal plane, until cutter comes back to starting point, as shown in Figure 5 around Internal Spherical Surface center line to be processed.Main apparent direction can find out for when preventing Tool advance and workpiece collide, rise cutter point will above global maximum or peak a distance, after cutter completes a circular motion, rational X, the Z-direction depth of cut need be determined according to machining accuracy and surface quality.Calculate process radius of a circle after carry out a circular motion again, and so forth, finally complete processing.
In step 106, along the determined track of step 102, in perpendicular, make cutter do cutting movement along this track, the stepping of cutting be corner radius 1/4 to 1/5 between, as shown in Figure 6.After cutter often completes a circular motion, all need roll setting preparation circumference telemechanical next time, roll setting amount is decided by sphere dimensional accuracy to be processed and surface quality, and the change that roll setting amount follows angle changes, therefore after each roll setting, the radius of cutter heart movement locus can be calculated by the trigonometric function of step 102.
In step 107, playing cutter point using doing the position after cutting movement as new, continuing cutter is rotated a circle around Internal Spherical Surface center line to be processed in horizontal plane, and making cutter come back to cutter point.
In step 108: judge whether the lower surface reaching part, if reach, then step 109, otherwise, perform step 106.
In step 109, terminate process.
Above-mentioned control procedure is implemented at CNC milling machine, specifically refer to: sphere Machining Instruction Internal Spherical Surface recursion instruction being resolved into single step, numerical control macroprogram is utilized to control process, and accurate to dimension as requested and surface quality determination angle variable quantity.The dense degree of cutter path is determined by angle variable quantity, follows border machining experiment factually, can draw machined surface roughness and angle variable quantity physical relationship, specifically in table 1:
Table 1 is machined surface roughness and the angle variable quantity table of comparisons
| Roughness | Ra3.2 | Ra6.4 |
| Angle variable quantity (°) | 0.05～0.1 | 0.1～0.25 |
The processing of every one deck is actual is full circle moving interpolation, can be realized by formula (R-r) * sin θ calculated step, often walk a stepping, θ angle all can change, the variable quantity arranging θ angle is α, is namely namely realized the calculating of stepping by the variable quantity of adjustment θ.EP (end of program) after angle value reaches expectation angle, machines.
Adopt the method for present embodiment, process time average out to about 5 minutes, working (machining) efficiency can improve more than 2 times, also can save production cost in a large number, the pincers worker process cost after the frock of large radius of gyration part inner sphere working and equipment cost and profile milling cutter processing can be reduced, by the 1000 yuan of calculating of 1 cover frock cost, on average processing in every 5 days a kind of part, pincers worker polishing is by 6 calculating per hour, hour working hour expense is by 15 yuan of calculating, the economic benefit brought: 1000 yuan × 0.2=200 unit/sky, or 15 yuan × 8=120 unit/sky; Product surface quality is stablized, and roughness can reach more than Ra3.2.
Although the foregoing describe the specific embodiment of the present invention, the those skilled in the art in this area should be appreciated that these only illustrate, can make various changes or modifications, and do not deviate from principle of the present invention and essence to these embodiments.Scope of the present invention is only defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. a numerical control boring-mill work method for Internal Spherical Surface, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1: according to the movement locus of Internal Spherical Surface determination knife tool arc center of radius to be processed, in horizontal plane, movement locus formula is as follows:
(R-r) in * sin θ (1) vertical plane, movement locus formula is as follows:
(R-r)*cosθ(2)
In formula, R is spherical radius to be processed; R is corner radius; θ be center cutter to the line of sphere centre to be processed and sphere centre to be processed to the vertical join line of part upper surface between angle;
Step 2: cutter is placed in apart from part upper surface a distance, and ensure that institute's seated position is on the extension line of movement locus in the determined perpendicular of step 1
Step 3: determined cutter point; Method is: utilize Pythagorean theorem, and according to leg-of-mutton two limits, namely the difference of sphere centre of sphere radius to be processed and knife tool arc, the centre of sphere are to part upper surface distance, and calculate the 3rd length of side, the result of the 3rd length of side and step 2 can determine cutter point coordinates;
Step 4: by cutter point start, cutter is rotated a circle, until cutter comes back to starting point around Internal Spherical Surface center line to be processed in horizontal plane;
Step 5: along the determined track of step 1, makes cutter do cutting movement along this track in perpendicular, the span of the stepping of cutting be corner radius 1/4 to 1/5 between;
Step 6: will do the position after cutting movement as new starting point, continues cutter is rotated a circle around Internal Spherical Surface center line to be processed in horizontal plane, and makes cutter come back to starting point;
Step 7: judge whether the lower surface reaching part, if reach, then terminates process, otherwise, perform step 5.
2. the numerical control boring-mill work method of Internal Spherical Surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method that the determination described in step 3 plays cutter point is: utilize Pythagorean theorem, according to leg-of-mutton two limits, namely be with the difference of processing sphere centre of sphere radius and knife tool arc, the centre of sphere to part upper surface distance, calculate the 3rd length of side, the result of the 3rd length of side and step 2 can determine cutter point coordinates.
3. the numerical control boring-mill work method of Internal Spherical Surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the distance that the cutter described in step 2 is placed in part upper surface is: between 1.5 times to 2 times of corner radius.
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| CN114888641B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-08-01 | 中国机械总院集团北京机电研究所有限公司 | Workpiece processing method and equipment thereof |
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