CN103008906B - Welding wire for preparation of aluminum-based wear-resistant coating through magnetron deposition formation - Google Patents
Welding wire for preparation of aluminum-based wear-resistant coating through magnetron deposition formation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding wire for preparation of an aluminum-based wear-resistant coating through magnetron deposition formation, belonging to the field of weldments. The wire is prepared by adding Mg, Sc, Zr and other trace elements based on an ordinary Al-Si alloy wire, and comprises the following components by mass percent: 4.5-6 percent of Si, 0-0.2 percent of Fe, 0-0.3 percent of Cu, 0-0.2 percent of Ti, 0-0.45 percent of Zr and Sc, 0.15-0.35 percent of Mg, and Al as a remaining component. When the welding wire is used for preparation of the coating, grain transition is smooth, tissues are not subject to mutation, and excellent mechanical properties can be achieved. The wear resistance of the coating is excellent, the friction coefficient is only 0.32, surface scratches of an aluminum alloy substrate can be effectively reduced by the coating, and the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy substrate in high-temperature as well as hot and humid environments can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shaping for magnetic control welding deposition and prepare the Al-Si silk material of aluminium-based wear-resisting coating, mainly through adding the coating that trace element preparation intensity is high, plasticity good, wearability is good such as Mg element and Sc, Zr in Al-Si serial alloy welding wire.
Background technology
Welding deposition Quick-forming is as a kind of new technology of RP technique, and it is the principle utilizing technique for overlaying, not only may be used for the surface modification of part, can also repair defect part and direct forming new parts.Aluminum alloy surface recovery technique comprises welding method, plasma spray technology and the Way by Brush Plating Technique such as common welding rod arc welding, MIG weldering and Plasma Welding.Welding deposition technology is compared with Brush Electroplating Technique with thermal spraying, and welding overlay and matrix are metallurgical binding, and its bond strength is higher; Compared with common welding method, the index such as welding deposition deposition techniques rate, roughness, heat input, coating thickness is more excellent.
Along with the development of material electromagnetic process, magnetic field is introduced the solder technology that welding process has become a kind of advanced person, when externally-applied magnetic field acts on electric arc, due to the satisfactory electrical conductivity of the plasma in welding arc, provide external magnetic field to it can functionality.The research of Magnetic control welding deposition technology comprises: by electromagnetic force agitation molten pool, force metal flow, make grain refinement; By the contained effect of magnetic field to electric arc, improve the energy density of non-melt pole electrical arc, can joint quality be improved, improve deposition efficiency.The notification number waiting people to apply for by Beijing University of Technology Yin Shu speech in 2002 is that in the patent of invention " magnetic control high deposition rate mixed gas protected consumable-electrode weld connects (MAG) method and special equipment " of CN1369347A, magnetic fields, in welding process, effectively raises deposition efficiency.The notification number applied for by the people such as Wuhan University of Technology Luo Jian for 2005 is adopt influence of magnetic field welding process in the patent of invention " a kind of magnetic control melting electrode welding method and expansive approach and common apparatus " thereof of CN1751834, improves the quality of welding point.The application number applied for by people such as armored force engineering institute Zhu Sheng for 2010 is mention the Quick-forming adopting direct current horizontal magnetic control cladding forming equipment to realize part in the patent of invention " electromagnetic field controls welding deposition quick forming method and equipment " of 201010049723.2.
Welded silk material is widely used in welding field.Along with the progress of technology, common Al-Si silk material can not meet the demand of production, adds the element with property and become the important means improving silk wood property energy in Al-Si silk material.The patent No. of being applied for by people such as Zhang Guoqing for 2009 is the mass percent of each element in the patent of invention " a kind of high strength aluminum alloy welding wire " of 200910244555 is 2.5 ~ 3.5%Cu, 2.2 ~ 3.2%Si, 0.1 ~ 0.25%Ti, 0.1 ~ 0.25%Zr, 0.1 ~ 0.2%Mn, all the other are Al.Gained welding wire intensity is higher.The patent No. of being applied for by the people such as Zou Tiesheng for 2010 is it is characterized by component in the patent of invention " a kind of aluminium-silicon alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof " of 201010180705 and weight percentage is respectively: 4.5≤Si≤6.5,0.0001≤Be≤0.0003,0.05≤Ti≤0.20,0.01≤Sr≤0.06, surplus is Al, the plastic working ability of welding wire and good mechanical performance.But relate to seldom for the Al-Si alloy adding Mg, Sc, Zr tri-kinds of elements in alusil alloy silk material, Al-Si welding wire of the present invention is by magnetic control welding deposition forming technique, one or more layers special silk material can be applied at aluminum substrate surface heap, improve the performance such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting of aluminum substrate and overlay.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for object, makes welding wire after adding the trace elements such as Mg, Sc, Zr with common Al-Si serial alloy welding wire.Magnetron deposition formation forming technique is utilized to prepare aluminium-based wear-resisting coating.Each constituent mass percentage range in described silk material is: Si:4.5 ~ 6%, Fe:0 ~ 0.2%, Cu:0 ~ 0.3%, Ti:0 ~ 0.2%, Zr+Sc:0 ~ 0.45%, Mg:0.15 ~ 0.35%, and all the other are Al.Adopt magnetic control welding deposition forming technique, use the Al-Si serial alloy welding wire of mentioned component, the coating that institutional framework is excellent, mechanical property is better, wearability is good can be prepared on aluminium alloy.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) in Al-Si serial alloy welding wire, adding Mg constituent content is 0.15 ~ 0.35%, and its welding point fusion area grain form is equiax crystal, decreases tissue sudden change, improves the mechanical property of overlay.The tensile strength of coating and yield strength improve >15MPa, and percentage elongation remains unchanged, and anti-just curved ability improves >10MPa.
(2) in Al-Si serial alloy welding wire, adding Zr+Sc constituent content is 0 ~ 0.45%, makes welding wire microalloying, plays the effect that Resistance of Weld Metal is rotten, refinement seam organization, improves strength of joint.
(3) after described Al-Si welding wire magnetron deposition formation shaping, gained coating crocking resistance significantly improves, and compared with traditional Al-Si serial alloy welding wire, its coefficient of friction reduces by 0.1 ~ 0.15, and wear extent reduces by 40 ~ 60%, and wear rate obviously lowers.
The effect that the present invention is useful: add the elements such as Mg, Sc, Zr and prepare welding wire in common Al-Si serial alloy welding wire, adopts magnetron deposition formation forming technique to prepare the coating of excellent performance in aluminum alloy surface.Adopt described welding wire prepare the transition of gained coating crystal grain mild, organize and do not undergo mutation, good mechanical performance; Anti-wear performance is excellent, effectively can alleviate aluminium alloy matrix surface and scratch and high temperature, wearability under hygrothermal environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is in embodiment 1 4043,4143-2 welding wire welding fusion area metallographic structure comparison diagram
Accompanying drawing 2 is 4143-4,4143-5,4143-6 welding wire welding fusion area metallographic structure comparison diagram in embodiment 3
Accompanying drawing 3 is 4143-4,4143-5,4143-6 welding wire overlay mechanical property correlation curve in embodiment 3
Accompanying drawing 4 is 4043 welding wires and 4143-6 welding wire coefficient of friction change curve in time in embodiment 1,3
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is achieved by the following measures:
Embodiment 1:
Be the Mg element added separately in the Al-Si serial alloy welding wire of 4043 at the trade mark, Mg constituent content is respectively 0.15%, 0.25%, 0.35%, makes 4143-1,4143-2,4143-3 tri-kinds of welding wires.Adopt and manufacture the Fronius of outside Longitudinal Magnetic-field Has digital TPS-4000 DC pulse MIG welding deposition forming technique in National Key Laboratory again, use 4043,4143-1,4143-2,4143-3 welding wire, to aluminium alloy welding, obtain welding point.Tension test is carried out in butt joint, uses the yield strength σ of 4143-1,4143-2,4143-3 welding wire gained joint welding
0.2be respectively 104MPa, 108MPa, 105MPa, tensile strength sigma
bbe respectively 168MPa, 179MPa, 170 MPa; Bending strength 400 MPa, 426 MPa, 405 MPa respectively of weld seam; Contrast 4043,4143-1 welding wire stretch test result, use yield strength ratio 4043 welding wire of 4143-1 welding wire gained joint welding to improve 5.6%, hot strength improves 8.7%, and anti-just curved intensity improves 2.06%, and the curved intensity of the anti-back of the body and 4043 welding wires maintain an equal level.Table 1 is for adding the welding point weld metal zone mechanical property contrast of different content Mg element, and analyze known, the Al-Si silk material mechanical property of adding Mg element is more excellent.
Embodiment 2:
To adopt in embodiment 1 4043,4143-2 welding wire gained welding point, observe welding each regional organization structure, fusion area is joint easy fracture position.Fig. 1 (a) is 4043 welding wire welding point fusion area metallographic structures, and Fig. 1 (b) is the fusion area metallographic structure of 4143-2 welding wire welding point.Analyze known: 4043 welding wire fusion area crystal grain are column crystal, and 4143-2 welding wire fusion area column crystal growth district narrows, and directionality weakens, grow in equiax crystal form, the transition of its granular form tends towards stability, and reduces structural sudden change, and this makes the performance of joint more even.
Embodiment 3:
Be that Mg, Sc, Zr element added in the Al-Si serial alloy welding wire of 4043 prepares welding wire at the trade mark.Be 0.3% when to add Mg constituent content be the content of 0.25%, Sc, the content of Zr makes 4143-4 welding wire when being 0; But make 4143-5 welding wire when the content that interpolation Mg constituent content is 0.25%, Sc is 0, the content of Zr is 0.15%; Be 0.3% when to add Mg constituent content be the content of 0.25%, Sc, the content of Zr makes 4143-6 welding wire when being 0.15%; Adopt and manufacture the Fronius of outside Longitudinal Magnetic-field Has digital TPS-4000 DC pulse MIG welding deposition forming technique in National Key Laboratory again, use 4143-4,4143-5,4143-6 welding wire to aluminium alloy welding, obtain welding point.Observe the metallographic structure of welding fusion area, Fig. 2 (a) is the fusion area metallographic structure of 4143-4 welding wire welding point, and Fig. 2 (b) is the fusion area metallographic structure of 4143-5 welding wire welding point, and Fig. 2 (c) is the fusion area metallographic structure of 4143-6 welding wire welding point.Comparison diagram 1(a) with Fig. 2 (a) and (b), the metallographic structure of (c) fusion area, after welding wire adds Mg element and Sc, Zr element microalloying, the size of the growth district of the column crystal of gained welding point fusion area there occurs change, the obvious refinement of Weld pipe mill region crystal grain, column crystal region, fusion area diminishes, crystal grain is equiax crystal growth, wherein, 4143-6 welding wire acquired results is optimum.
Embodiment 4:
Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out to three kinds of welding wire gained welding overlaies in embodiment 3.Acquired results as shown in Figure 3.Analyze known, after adding Mg element and Sc, Zr element microalloying, the mechanical property of gained overlay significantly improves than common Al-Si silk material, and the mechanical property making 4143-6 welding wire gained welding overlay when to add Mg constituent content be the content of 0.25%, Sc is 0.3%, the content of Zr is 0.15% is optimum.Carry out friction-wear test to overlay, adopt national defence to manufacture the vertical friction wear testing machine of MM-W1A in key lab again, friction pair diameter is 6.5mm, and welding point section is of a size of 20mm × 20mm.Setting test force is 100N, and rotating speed is 200r/min, wearing-in period 10 minutes.Fig. 4 is 4043 welding wires and 4143-6 welding wire coefficient of friction change curve in time.As can be seen from the figure, in the wearing and tearing incipient stage, coefficient of friction is all in higher value, and afterwards along with the carrying out of wearing and tearing, coefficient of friction declines gradually, and after about 150s, the change of coefficient of friction tends towards stability, micro-change in a stable number range.The coefficient of friction of 4143-6 welding wire welding point is the coefficient of friction of 0.32,4043 welding wire welding points is 0.43.Adopt precision be 0.0001 precision electronic balance weigh quality before and after sample wearing and tearing, weighs and averages for three times, record 4043 welding wires and 4143-6 welding wire and weld joints wear mass loss and be respectively 0.00095g and 0.00033g.Known, in Al-Si serial alloy welding wire, after adding Mg, Sc, Zr element, the friction and wear behavior of gained coating is more excellent.
Table 1 is the wire welding welding seam field forces performance comparison of the interpolation different content Mg element of embodiment 1
Claims (1)
1. a magnetron deposition formation is shaped and prepares the welding wire material of aluminium-based wear-resisting coating, it is as follows that each constituent content of silk material accounts for a percentage range of material amount: Si:4.5 ~ 6%, Fe:0 ~ 0.2%, Cu:0 ~ 0.3%, Ti:0 ~ 0.2%, Zr+Sc:0 ~ 0.45%, Mg:0.15 ~ 0.35%, all the other are Al.
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| EP3096919B1 (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2019-02-13 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Method for metallurgical bonding |
| CN110172619A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-27 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of composite strengthening Al-Si alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN113829164B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2024-05-07 | 湖南西姆西科技有限公司 | Welding wire, preparation system and preparation method |
| CN114481118B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-11-10 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | Method for repairing aluminum alloy by laser cladding in atmospheric environment |
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