A kind of polygon cutting tip for soft metal materials processing
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal cutting turning insert, particularly relate to the polygon cutting tip for soft metal materials processing.
Background technology
Soft metal material has that hardness is low, poor rigidity, elastic modelling quantity are low, ductility is high and the feature such as fusing point is low usually, and these features directly have impact on soft metal drawing abillity.For soft metal materials processing turning insert structure, generally there are two class formations: a class has sharp anterior angle and the chip space compared with big uncork, be connected with a plane or an arc surface between rake face with chip removal platform in this class formation.In machining, chip can slide plane to being connected with chip removal platform or arc surface along blade before insert tip, discharge through chip removal platform again, for soft metal material, in working angles, chip may extend at chip removal platform movement along rake face with integral form, and naturally curlingly to drop, due to chip and rake face contact area excessive, cutting temperature is raised, cause chip to be cohered on the rake face of blade, the actual processing anterior angle of blade is changed, affects the service life of crudy and blade.In the process, chip curling, the contact of the flow direction of chip and chip and rake face cannot be artificial control or precognition, chip is also difficult to fracture, especially more obvious in little feeding process, cause chip to be mutually wound around, damage finished work surface, causes product glossiness not reach requirement.Disclosed in US Patent No. 6217264B1, the curved design within rake face is become to be similar to the shape of wave by cutting tip, to reduce the contact of chip and cutting tip, reduces cutting temperature.But the corrugated curved surface of its blade is too level and smooth, and in some light cut occasions, the chip-breaker of this class formation can not realize effectively controlling chip.
Another kind of is arrange sharp anterior angle, and designing little chip breaker near point of a knife position, this kind of structure reduces the contact area of chip and rake face, reduces friction, effectively control cutting temperature, also control to some extent chip-flowing, little feeding adds chip breaking in man-hour effect and also increases, but this kind of structure, larger owing to being subject to resistance in chip flow process, chip removal ability is relatively poor, and easy Integrated Chip, affects converted products quality and blade service life.Disclosed in Chinese patent CN101695761A, cutting tip just adopts said structure, with plane transition between the chip breaker of its cutting tip, can not avoid the friction between chip and transition plane completely, so effectively can not control cutting temperature.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of for soft metal materials processing polygon cutting tip, it effectively can control shape and the flow direction of chip, reduce the contact of chip and blade upper surface, reduce cutting temperature, effectively control glutinous bits simultaneously, twine bits and Integrated Chip phenomenon.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of polygon cutting tip for soft metal materials processing, blade body is by upper surface 1, the taper seat 7 on lower surface 2 and side surface 4 and connection side surface is formed, locating hole 3 is positioned at the center of blade body geometry, cutting unit is distributed in two adjacent side angles, described cutting unit comprises the rake face 8 that upper surface 1 is recessed to form to lower surface 2, rake face 8 main cutting edge 5 that formed crossing with taper seat 7, the rake face 8 side cutting edge 14 that formed crossing with side surface 4, it is characterized in that: described cutting unit also comprises from rake face 8 along angular bisector BI to the locating hole 3 successively smooth chip face 11 connecting the depression extended, at least two groups are spaced, across the symmetrical protruding convex surface 9 of angular bisector BI and the ridge peak curved surface 10 connecting each group of convex surface 9, described each group of convex surface 9 and each ridge peak curved surface 10 are by transition circle cambered surface 12 smooth transition, form the sectorial wave wave-like curved surface begun from chip face 11.
Described convex surface more than two 9 and ridge peak curved surface 10 distribution rule connecting each group of convex surface 9 are: first group of convex surface 9a is protruding from chip face 11, first ridge peak curved surface 10a extends along angular bisector BI projection from first group of convex surface 9a rear surface, second group of convex surface 9b is across on the first ridge peak curved surface 10a, second ridge peak curved surface 10b extends along angular bisector BI projection from second group of convex surface 9b rear surface, successively, many groups convex surface 9 is wavy distribution from chip face to center positioning hole direction, often group convex surface and angular bisector BI form acute angle η, η is 50 ° ~ 75 °.
The width k of described chip face 11 is 0.3mm ~ 0.6mm, length m is 0.4mm ~ 1.2mm, chip face 11 is 12 ° ~ 22 ° for plane and with the virtual acute angle theta that lower surface 2 is formed, chip face 11 is smoothly transitted by arc-shaped transitional surface 12 and rake face 8, the virtual intersection of chip face 11 and rake face 8 is 0.15mm ~ 0.85mm to the nearest horizontal range d of main cutting edge 5 peak, and nearest vertical range h is 0.05mm ~ 0.35mm.
Convex surface 9 spatial form is the semi-cylindrical raised up, the radius of each group of convex surface 9 increases progressively successively to center positioning hole direction 9a, 9b, 9c from main cutting edge within the scope of R0.15mm ~ R1.8mm, and described first group of convex surface 9a is 0.5mm ~ 0.9mm to the vertical range s of side cutting edge 14.
Often organize the vertical range f of peak to chip face 11 of convex surface 9, i.e. f1, f2, f3, increases progressively successively to center positioning hole direction from main cutting edge within the scope of 0.05mm ~ 0.6mm.
The spatial form of described each ridge peak curved surface 10 is the half cone-shaped that raises up, and the radius of described half cone-shaped increases to center positioning hole direction along angular bisector gradually from point of a knife.
It is 120 ° ~ 160 ° that the volume that the rake face 8 at adjacent side cutting edge 14 place and convex surface 9 are formed considers angle ω to be worth doing.
The virtual sharp angle α that rake face 8 and lower surface 2 are formed is the anterior angle of blade, the virtual acute angles beta that side surface 4 is formed with the central axis CE of blade locating hole 3 is the relief angle of blade, the virtual acute angle λ s formed near side cutting edge 14 and the lower surface 2 of main cutting edge 5 is the cutting edge inclination of blade, when anterior angle α be 19 ° ~ 25 °, relief angle β be 5 ° ~ 11 ° time, cutting edge inclination λ s is 5 ° ~ 12 °.
Described main cutting edge 5 higher than side cutting edge 14, in space multistory curve distribution.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: for guiding the rake face of chip, chip face, organize convex surface more, multiple ridge peaks curved surface, arc-shaped transitional surface form that smooth waveform is led, chip discharging structure, make chip through chip face, arc-shaped transitional surface and convex surface guide after naturally curling, fracture, smoothly directed, discharge machining area.Chip face ensures that chip-flowing is smooth and easy, to improve Integrated Chip phenomenon.Many groups convex surface distributes to center positioning hole direction wave wave-like along the angular bisector of polygonal insert two adjacent side angle from main cutting edge, arc-shaped transitional surface connects convex surface and ridge peak curved surface and undulate is distributed in convex surface periphery, the contact of chip and blade upper surface can be reduced, thus reduce the friction of chip and blade upper surface, effective reduction cutting temperature, improve glutinous bits phenomenon, extend cutting-tool's used life.The interlude of adjacent two convex surfaces is connected with ridge peak curved surface and arc-shaped transitional surface, this ridge peak curved surface can make chip naturally deflect to curved surface both sides, ridge peak, be conducive to chip to discharge from blade both sides smoothly, and arc-shaped transitional surface dust lead ability is strong, avoid chip to drop on processed surface of the work, thus improve crudy.
In a word, the present invention effectively can control shape and the flow direction of chip, reduces chip and contacts with the upper surface of blade, reduce cutting temperature, effectively controls glutinous bits simultaneously, twines bits and Integrated Chip phenomenon, be applicable to the processing of soft material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of polygon cutting tip of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of polygon cutting tip of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the G portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the A-A profile of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the H portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the H-H profile of Fig. 2;
Fig. 7 is the V direction view of Fig. 2;
In figure, each label represents;
1 upper surface 2 lower surface
3 locating hole 4 side surfaces
5 main cutting edge 7 taper seats
8 rake face 9 convex surfaces
10 ridge peak curved surface 11 chip faces
12 arc-shaped transitional surface 14 side cutting edges
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of polygon cutting tip for soft material processing provided by the invention, as shown in accompanying drawing 1-7, described polygon cutting tip is quadrangle blade, blade body is by upper surface 1, the taper seat 7 on lower surface 2 and side surface 4 and connection side surface is formed, locating hole 3 is positioned at the center of blade body geometry, cutting unit is distributed in two adjacent side angles, described cutting unit comprises the rake face 8 that upper surface 1 is recessed to form to lower surface 2, rake face 8 main cutting edge 5 that formed crossing with taper seat 7, the rake face 8 side cutting edge 14 that formed crossing with side surface 4, described cutting unit also comprises from rake face 8 along angular bisector BI to the locating hole 3 successively smooth chip face 11 connecting the depression extended, at least two groups are spaced, across the symmetrical protruding convex surface 9 of angular bisector BI and the ridge peak curved surface 10 connecting each group of convex surface 9, described each group of convex surface 9 and each ridge peak curved surface 10 are by transition circle cambered surface 12 smooth transition, form the sectorial wave wave-like curved surface begun from chip face 11.
For guiding the rake face 8 of chip, chip face 11, many groups convex surface 9, multiple ridge peaks curved surface 10, the sectorial wave wave-like curved surface that arc-shaped transitional surface 12 is formed, make chip through chip face 11, arc-shaped transitional surface 12 and convex surface 9 guide rear naturally curling, fracture, directed smoothly, discharge machining area, chip face 11 ensures that chip-flowing is smooth and easy, to improve Integrated Chip phenomenon, ridge peak curved surface 10 can make chip naturally deflect to curved surface 10 both sides, ridge peak, be conducive to chip to discharge from blade both sides smoothly, and arc-shaped transitional surface 12 dust lead ability is strong, chip is avoided to drop on processed surface of the work, thus raising crudy.Each group of convex surface 9 is wavy distribution from main cutting edge to center positioning hole direction along the angular bisector of polygonal insert two adjacent side angle, arc-shaped transitional surface 12 connect convex surface 9 and ridge peak curved surface 10 and undulate to be distributed in convex surface 9 peripheral, the contact of chip and blade upper surface 2 can be reduced, thus reduce the friction of chip and blade upper surface 2, effective reduction cutting temperature, improve glutinous bits phenomenon, thus prolongation cutting-tool's used life, especially soft material processing is adapted to, as metal materials such as aluminiums.
Particularly, the distribution rule of described convex surface more than two 9 and the ridge peak curved surface 10 that connects each group of convex surface 9 is: first group of convex surface 9a is protruding from chip face 11, first ridge peak curved surface 10a extends along angular bisector BI projection from first group of convex surface 9a rear surface, second group of convex surface 9b is across on the first ridge peak curved surface 10a, second ridge peak curved surface 10b extends along angular bisector BI projection from second group of convex surface 9b rear surface, successively, many groups convex surface 9 is wavy distribution from chip face to center positioning hole direction, often organize convex surface 9 and form acute angle η with angular bisector BI, η is 50 ° ~ 75 °, in the present embodiment, η is 70 °.
Above-mentioned restriction can ensure that often organizing convex surface 9 forms the ring-type that raises up towards point of a knife direction, and first group of convex surface forms semi-surrounding form to chip face 11, in the process of machining, chip is along rake face and chip face forward slip, through annular and the convex surface 9 raised up time chip be lifted, thus to realize the curling of chip and fractureing.
More specifically, described convex surface 9 spatial form is the semi-cylindrical raised up, it often organizes convex surface 9, namely the radius of 9a, 9b, 9c increases progressively to center positioning hole direction successively from main cutting edge 5, interval is R0.15mm ~ R1.8mm, and in the present embodiment, 9a is R0.15mm, 9b be R0.3mm, 9c is R0.4mm.And be 0.5mm ~ 0.9mm closest to first group of convex surface 9a to the vertical range s of side cutting edge 14 of main cutting edge 5, in the present embodiment, s is 0.8mm.
In above-mentioned limited range, the value of convex surface 9 radius size is mainly based on the overall ratio of blade.The scope control of the s value distance of first group of convex surface 9a and cutting edge, too small s value blade is more suitable for fine finishining, and s value excessive on the contrary is then suitable for roughing.
Often organize the peak position of convex surface 9 to the vertical range f of chip face 11, namely f1, f2, f3 increase progressively to center positioning hole direction successively from main cutting edge, and f is 0.05mm ~ 0.6mm, and in the present embodiment, f1 is 0.06mm, f2 be 0.17mm, f3 is 0.32mm.
In above-mentioned limited range, f value, increases progressively to center positioning hole direction from main cutting edge 5 for benchmark successively with chip face 11, in the process of processing, said structure can make chip its volume bits angle in the process of forward slip more and more less, can play a positive role to the control of cutting.
As preferred forms of the present invention, the width k of described chip face 11 is 0.3mm ~ 0.6mm, length m is 0.4mm ~ 1.2mm, and chip face 11 is 12 ° ~ 22 ° for plane and with the virtual acute angle theta that lower surface 2 is formed.In the present embodiment, k is 0.3mm, m be 0.55mm, θ is 21 °.
Above-mentioned limited range makes chip face effect the most desirable, and angle θ crosses conference and causes chip face identical with rake face angle, thus loses the effect of chip face expectation, and the phenomenon bondd in use easily appears in the too small blade that causes.The width of above-mentioned chip face and the limited range of length can determine its value in conjunction with the blade body of difformity, different size.
Chip face 11 is smoothly transitted by arc-shaped transitional surface 12 and rake face 8, and the virtual intersection of chip face 11 and rake face 8 is 0.15mm ~ 0.85mm to the nearest horizontal range d of main cutting edge 5 peak, and nearest vertical range h is 0.05mm ~ 0.35mm.In the present embodiment, d is 0.45mm, h is 0.21mm.
Above-mentioned limited range mainly controls the space length between chip face and main cutting edge, and its value is excessive or too smallly all can exert an adverse impact to cutting.Crossing conference causes little cutting-in to be difficult to chip breaking, the too small easy phenomenon occurring bonding.
In the present invention, the spatial form of described each ridge peak curved surface 10 can be the various curved surface that raises up, and is preferably half cone-shaped, and described spatial form is that the raise up radius of half cone-shaped increases to center positioning hole direction along angular bisector gradually from point of a knife.The above-mentioned spatial form of each ridge peak curved surface 10 can make chip naturally deflect to blade both sides.
As preferred forms of the present invention, it is 120 ° ~ 160 ° that the volume that the rake face 8 at adjacent side cutting edge 14 place and convex surface 9 are formed considers angle ω to be worth doing.In the present embodiment, ω is 153 °.
As preferred forms of the present invention, the virtual sharp angle α that described rake face 8 and lower surface 2 are formed is the anterior angle of blade, the virtual acute angles beta that side surface 4 is formed with the central axis CE of blade locating hole 3 is the relief angle of blade, the virtual acute angle λ s formed near side cutting edge 14 and the lower surface 2 of main cutting edge 5 is the cutting edge inclination of blade, when anterior angle α be 19 ° ~ 25 °, relief angle β be 5 ° ~ 11 ° time, cutting edge inclination λ s is 5 ° ~ 12 °.More preferably, in the present embodiment, anterior angle α is 25 °, and relief angle β is 7 °, and λ s is 5 ° ~ 12 °, and in the present embodiment, cutting edge inclination λ s value is 8 °.
As preferred forms, main cutting edge 5 connects into space curve shape by side cutting edge 14, and the point midway of main cutting 5 is the highest, and its cutting edge is space curve structure, increase the contact area of cutting edge and workpiece, be convenient to excise workpiece material swimmingly, make again point of a knife have enough intensity simultaneously, and there is larger anterior angle and relief angle, make blade sharper, cut more brisk, enhance productivity, more convenient to use, flexible.
Above-described embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the prerequisite not departing from principle of the present invention; some equivalents can also be made; if the basic profile of blade is except being except square, can also be parallelogram, rhombus; triangle; pentagon, hexagon etc., these equivalents all should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.