CN103003395A - Improved method of removing hydrogen sulfide - Google Patents

Improved method of removing hydrogen sulfide Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103003395A
CN103003395A CN2011800347098A CN201180034709A CN103003395A CN 103003395 A CN103003395 A CN 103003395A CN 2011800347098 A CN2011800347098 A CN 2011800347098A CN 201180034709 A CN201180034709 A CN 201180034709A CN 103003395 A CN103003395 A CN 103003395A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nitroxide
promotor
scavenging agent
triazine
hydrogen sulfide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2011800347098A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
D·R·康普顿
J·拜伦·斯特里克兰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ChampionX LLC
Original Assignee
Ondeo Nalco Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ondeo Nalco Co filed Critical Ondeo Nalco Co
Publication of CN103003395A publication Critical patent/CN103003395A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
    • C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/148—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
    • C07C7/152—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound by forming adducts or complexes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/201—Impurities
    • C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/201—Impurities
    • C10G2300/207—Acid gases, e.g. H2S, COS, SO2, HCN

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method of removing hydrogen sulfide from hydrocarbon fluids. The method involves using a nitroxide molecule to promote a sulfide scavenger such as alkyl-triazine. The nitroxide effectively accelerates the scavengers activity. This allows for the avoidance of the introduction of halides into the hydrocarbon stream.

Description

Remove improving one's methods of hydrogen sulfide
The cross reference of related application
Nothing.
About the research of federal government's subsidy or the statement of exploitation
Inapplicable.
Background of invention
The present invention relates generally to and processes acid gas and liquid hydrocarbon to remove or to reduce the level of hydrogen sulfide wherein.The toxicity of the hydrogen sulfide in the hydrocarbon stream is to know in the industry, and expends sizable expense every year and make great efforts its content to security level.
In large production facility, install normally more economical for the treatment of the regeneration system rapidly of acid flow.The fluid that these systems usually adopt the compound of using in the absorption tower to contact to produce and for example carbonic acid gas and mercaptan of absorbing hydrogen sulphide and possible other toxic substances optionally.Then with absorption compound regeneration and in system, reuse.Typical hydrogen sulfide absorption material comprises alkanolamine, PEG, hindered amine and other materials that can be reproduced.
Be used for the non-renewable scavenging agent that semiworks hydrogen sulfide removes and be divided into four general classes: 1) based on aldehyde, 2) based on metal oxide, 3) based on caustic alkali, and 4) other techniques.Removing in the hydrogen sulfide by non-renewable compound, scavenging agent and hydrogen sulfide react to form the compound that non-toxic compound maybe can be removed from hydrocarbon.For example, when formaldehyde and hydrogen sulfide reaction, form the compound that is known as methane thial (formthional) (for example, trithian).
The aldehyde scavenging agent of prior art generally include lower molecular weight aldehydes and ketone with and adducts.The lower molecular weight aldehydes can also make up with alkyl or alkanolamine, and such as United States Patent (USP) 4,748,011 is disclosed.The scavenging agent that other aldehyde are derived comprises the reaction product of low molecular weight chain alkanolamine and aldehydes, and such as United States Patent (USP) 4,978,512 is disclosed.PCT application WO 92/01481 discloses with some trisubstituted-six hydrogen-s-triazines and has reduced the method for the sulfide in the biogas.Germany reference DE4027300 discloses and has been used for removing H 2The regenerated solvent of S and mercaptan.United States Patent (USP) 5,347,004 discloses 1,3, the purposes of 5 alkoxyl group methylene radical Hexahydrotriazine classes.PCT application WO 91 US 5232 disclose hydroxyalkyl triazine scavenging agent, especially N, N ', N " three (2-hydroxyethyls), six hydrogen-s-triazine.United States Patent (USP) 5,774,024 discloses the combination of alkyl triazine scavenging agent and quaternary ammonium salt, and wherein quaternary ammonium salt strengthens the efficient of alkyl-triazine.
Therefore, there are obvious demand and practicality to removing improving one's methods of hydrogen sulfide from hydrocarbon fluid.Being not intended to consist of to the mentioned any patent of this paper, publication or other information in the described technology of this part is about the admitting of " prior art " of the present invention, unless be appointed as especially so.In addition, this part should not be interpreted as meaning, made the retrieval or do not exist as 37CFR § 1.56 (a) defined other for information about.
The invention summary
At least one embodiment of the present invention relates to for the method for removing hydrogen sulfide from hydrocarbon fluid.The method comprises makes fluid contact with the sulfide scavanger with nitroxide promotor is prepared of significant quantity.Compare with the scavenging(action) of scavenging agent in the situation that does not have nitroxide promotor, the amount of nitroxide promotor is enough to accelerate the scavenging(action) of scavenging agent.
Detailed description of the Invention
For the application's purpose, these terms are defined as follows:
" alkyl-triazine " means the molecule according to following formula:
Figure BDA00002734792800021
R wherein 1, R 2, R 3Alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, the tertiary butyl etc., or the alkyl that replaces, for example CH 2CH 2OH, and R 1, R 2, R 3Can all be identical group or one or more different group.Alkyl-triazines includes but not limited to, United States Patent (USP) 5,744, disclosed triazines in 024.
" hydrocarbon fluid " means to consist predominantly of liquid or the gas of machine material, includes but not limited to kerosene, crude oil, distillates fuel, oil fuel, heating oil, diesel oil, gasoline, jet fuel, bunker fuel oil and its any combination.
" methyl triazine " means wherein R 1, R 2And R 3It all is the alkyl-triazine of methyl.
" nitroxide (nitroxide) " means the composition according to the material of following formula:
Figure BDA00002734792800031
R wherein 1, R 2And R 3To comprise any alkyl of 1-30 carbon atom and comprise ring compound.
" non-renewable scavenging agent " means to be eliminated the scavenging agent of processes expend.
" scavenging agent of regeneration " means can not be eliminated the scavenging agent of processes expend.
" promotor " means itself and can not remove, but when with the combination of known scavenging agent, increases significantly the component of material of the efficient of scavenging agent.
" salt " means usually to ionize in solution comprises negatively charged ion and cationic compound.
" scavenging agent " means to can be used for reducing the material composition of the amount of some other material compositions (such as but not limited to hydrogen sulfide) in the fluid medium, such as but not limited to the alkyl triazines.
In above-mentioned definition or normally used or incorporate into by reference in the inconsistent situation of the meaning described in the application's the source (clear and definite or hint) in the described description of the application's elsewhere and dictionary, the application and especially claim term be understood to according to the definition among the application or describe and to explain, rather than explain according to common definition, dictionary definition or the definition incorporated into by reference.According to above, if explained by dictionary at term, if term by Kirk-Othmer Encyclopediaof Chemical Technology, the 5th edition, (2005) (by Wiley, John ﹠amp; Sons, Inc. publishes) definition, in the situation that term can be understood uniquely, this definition should be controlled this term and how to be defined in the claims.
In at least one embodiment, the amount of the hydrogen sulfide in the hydrocarbon fluid reduces by introducing alkyl-triazine scavenging agent and nitroxide promotor.Promotor increases the efficient of alkyl-triazine scavenging agent.Nitroxide is better than prior art quaternary ammonium salt promotor, because nitroxide is one-component and does not comprise for example muriate of halogenide.
Nitroxide is unexpected as the effectiveness of promotor, because it is single neutral compound.In at least one embodiment, promotor being comprises the 1-25% of the composition of scavenging agent-promotor.
In at least one embodiment, at least a portion of triazines is according to United States Patent (USP) 5,744, and 024 described technique is synthesized.
In at least one embodiment, nitroxide is mixed with alkyl triazine solution, wherein solvent can be water; And will introduce in the hydrocarbon fluid with the solution of nitroxide.In at least one embodiment, nitroxide is introduced and introduced with alkyl-triazine is simultaneously.The character of nitroxide promotor is so that it is highly effective in many different hydrocarbon fluids.
Than the prior art scavenging agent, an advantage using nitroxide promotor and scavenging agent is that nitroxide promotor is not salt (it is not negatively charged ion and cationic combination) and therefore lacks halogenide and especially lack muriate.
In at least one embodiment, remove preparation and be used for hydrocarbon stream.Preparation comprises solvent, alkyl-triazine and nitroxide.The solvent that solvent selects free water, alcohol, aromatic solvent, make alkyl-triazine and the mutual solvation of nitroxide with and the tabulation that forms of any combination.Can preparation be introduced in the hydrocarbon stream by mechanism, mechanism includes but not limited to syringe pump or United States Patent (USP) 5,744,024 and 5,840,177 disclosed any machineries.In the situation of hydrocarbon gas fluid, gas can pass and comprise the absorption tower of removing preparation.
In at least one embodiment, hydrocarbon fluid is in liquid state.In at least one embodiment, hydrocarbon fluid is in gaseous state.
Embodiment
Can understand better aforementioned content by reference following examples, embodiment is presented for the purpose of illustrating and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Test sour hydrocarbon stream (oil fuel) sample to determine with the triazine of promotor preparation with respect to not with the efficient of the triazine of promotor preparation.Comparative ground is processed sample with methyl triazine scavenging agent, methyl triazine scavenging agent and the promotor of various dosage, and records the remaining H of various samples 2The amount of S.Table 1 is the present composition of different concns relatively, the scavenging agent that table 2 is relatively promoted and the scavenging agent that is not promoted, and table 3 relatively has and does not have the methyl triazine of promotor in time.
Table 1: the comparison of the promotor of 2 hours 3 kinds of different concns in vacuum gas oil under 60 ℃
Figure BDA00002734792800051
Table 2: the comparison of the triazine that 2 hours quilt promotes and do not promoted in kerosene
Table 3: in kerosene, relatively have in time and do not have the alkyl-triazine of promotor
Figure BDA00002734792800061
Measure the vapor space hydrogen sulfide levels according to the program of being described by ASTM D5705-03.For table 2 and 3, by at room temperature in kerosene, testing, revise test procedure, room temperature is about 22 ℃ rather than 60 ℃.
These data show that the existence of nitroxide makes methyl triazine scavenging agent reduce H than the methyl triazine that does not have promotor 2The level of S reduces H quickly 2The level of S.
Although the present invention can many different forms embody, illustrate and describe concrete preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail at this paper at accompanying drawing.Present disclosure is the example of principle of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention to illustrated specific embodiment.All patents that this paper mentions, patent application, science article and any other reference material are incorporated into its integral body by reference.In addition, the present invention includes some or all any possible combination in the various embodiments that described herein and this paper incorporates into.
Above-mentioned disclosure is intended that illustrative rather than detailed.This description will hint many versions and alternatives to those of ordinary skills.When term " comprises " when meaning " including but not limited to ", all these alternativess and version intention are included within the scope of the claims.Those skilled in the art will recognize that other equivalents of specific embodiment described herein, described equivalent also is intended to be comprised by claim.
All scopes disclosed herein and parameter are understood to include any and all subranges that wherein comprise, and the whole numerals between end points.For example, the described scope of " 1 to 10 " should be deemed to be included in any and all subranges of (and comprising end value) between minimum value 1 and the maximum value 10, namely, all subranges by 1 or larger minimum value (for example 1 to 6.1) be initial point, and with 10 or less maximum value (for example 2.3 to 9.4,3 to 8,4 to 7) be terminal point, and should be regarded as at last being included in each numeral 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10 in this scope.
Here finished the description of preferred and selectable embodiment of the present invention.Those skilled in the art will recognize that other equivalents of specific embodiment described herein, the claim that described equivalent intention is attached to this comprises.

Claims (4)

1. method that reduces the amount of the hydrogen sulfide in the hydrocarbon fluid, comprise described fluid is contacted with the composition of significant quantity, described composition comprises sulfide scavanger and nitroxide promotor, wherein compare with the scavenging(action) of described scavenging agent in the situation that does not have described nitroxide promotor, the amount of nitroxide promotor is enough to accelerate the scavenging(action) of described scavenging agent.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein said scavenging agent is alkyl-triazine.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein said hydrocarbon fluid is liquid.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein said method causes halogenide not to be added in the described hydrocarbon fluid.
CN2011800347098A 2010-07-14 2011-07-13 Improved method of removing hydrogen sulfide Pending CN103003395A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/835,805 US20120012506A1 (en) 2010-07-14 2010-07-14 Method of removing hydrogen sulfide
US12/835,805 2010-07-14
PCT/US2011/043780 WO2012009391A2 (en) 2010-07-14 2011-07-13 Improved method of removing hydrogen sulfide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103003395A true CN103003395A (en) 2013-03-27

Family

ID=45466087

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2011800347098A Pending CN103003395A (en) 2010-07-14 2011-07-13 Improved method of removing hydrogen sulfide

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20120012506A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2593534A4 (en)
JP (1) JP5815699B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20130047738A (en)
CN (1) CN103003395A (en)
AR (1) AR082847A1 (en)
BR (1) BR112013000887A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2805402C (en)
MX (1) MX2013000511A (en)
RU (1) RU2562610C2 (en)
SG (1) SG187080A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012009391A2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105056710A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-11-18 胜利油田胜利化工有限责任公司 Liquid absorbent for removing hydrogen sulfide in oil gas
CN107502329A (en) * 2016-06-14 2017-12-22 中国石油大学(华东) The remover of association hydrogen sulfide gas in a kind of removing heavy crude heat extraction
CN110072944A (en) * 2016-12-08 2019-07-30 埃科莱布美国股份有限公司 The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of pitch for polymer treatment

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9663390B2 (en) 2013-05-10 2017-05-30 Ecolab Usa Inc. Reduction of hydrogen sulfide and/or malodor gassing from water via the addition of peroxyacetic acid/hydrogen peroxide product
WO2018003623A1 (en) * 2016-06-28 2018-01-04 株式会社クラレ Composition for removing sulfur-containing compound
WO2024091459A1 (en) * 2022-10-24 2024-05-02 Cameron International Corporation Sulfonyl azide composition for sulfur scavenging in oilfield operations

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040216370A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-11-04 Gande Matthew E. Diesel fuel composition and a method to improve filterability of diesel fuel
US20050238556A1 (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-10-27 Pakulski Marek K Method of scavenging hydrogen sulfide and/or mercaptans from fluid and gas streams

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2080909C1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1997-06-10 Петролите Холдингз, Инк. Method of selectively reducing hydrogen sulfide and/or organic sulfide content in gaseous and/or liquid streams
US5128049A (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-07-07 Gatlin Larry W Hydrogen sulfide removal process
US5354453A (en) * 1993-04-13 1994-10-11 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Removal of H2 S hydrocarbon liquid
US5980733A (en) * 1994-04-15 1999-11-09 United Laboratories International Method of removing sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon streams
CA2148849A1 (en) * 1994-06-23 1995-12-24 Kishan Bhatia Method of treating sour gas and liquid hydrocarbons
US5744024A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-04-28 Nalco/Exxon Energy Chemicals, L.P. Method of treating sour gas and liquid hydrocarbon
US5922794A (en) * 1997-03-26 1999-07-13 General Electric Company Compositions stabilized with tertiary amine oxides
EP1065262A1 (en) * 1999-06-29 2001-01-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Bleaching compositions
EP2288677A2 (en) * 2008-04-18 2011-03-02 M-i Swaco Norge As Methods of predicting / optimizing hydrogen sulfide scavenging capacity and reduction of scale formation
EP2267098A1 (en) * 2009-06-26 2010-12-29 M-i Swaco Norge As Scavenger compositons and their use

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040216370A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-11-04 Gande Matthew E. Diesel fuel composition and a method to improve filterability of diesel fuel
US20050238556A1 (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-10-27 Pakulski Marek K Method of scavenging hydrogen sulfide and/or mercaptans from fluid and gas streams

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105056710A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-11-18 胜利油田胜利化工有限责任公司 Liquid absorbent for removing hydrogen sulfide in oil gas
CN105056710B (en) * 2015-08-21 2017-05-24 胜利油田胜利化工有限责任公司 Liquid absorbent for removing hydrogen sulfide in oil gas
CN107502329A (en) * 2016-06-14 2017-12-22 中国石油大学(华东) The remover of association hydrogen sulfide gas in a kind of removing heavy crude heat extraction
CN110072944A (en) * 2016-12-08 2019-07-30 埃科莱布美国股份有限公司 The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of pitch for polymer treatment
CN110072944B (en) * 2016-12-08 2021-11-02 埃科莱布美国股份有限公司 Hydrogen sulfide scavenger for polymer treated asphalt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2013102415A (en) 2014-08-20
AR082847A1 (en) 2013-01-16
BR112013000887A2 (en) 2016-05-17
EP2593534A4 (en) 2014-04-23
WO2012009391A3 (en) 2012-05-10
US20120012506A1 (en) 2012-01-19
SG187080A1 (en) 2013-03-28
MX2013000511A (en) 2013-02-27
JP5815699B2 (en) 2015-11-17
EP2593534A2 (en) 2013-05-22
WO2012009391A2 (en) 2012-01-19
JP2013532735A (en) 2013-08-19
CA2805402C (en) 2018-03-13
KR20130047738A (en) 2013-05-08
CA2805402A1 (en) 2012-01-19
RU2562610C2 (en) 2015-09-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2805404C (en) Use of alpha-amino ethers for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from hydrocarbons
CA2818492C (en) Additive composition and method for scavenging hydrogen sulfide in hydrocarbon streams
CN103003395A (en) Improved method of removing hydrogen sulfide
EP2600966B1 (en) Method for scavenging h2s/mercaptan from aqueous fluids
KR101814388B1 (en) Method of scavenging hydrogen sulfide from hydrocarbon stream
AU2016384296B9 (en) Hydrogen sulfide scavenging additive composition and method of use thereof
GB2495399A (en) The use of an aldehyde as a H2S sulfide scavenger in combination with a corrosion inhibitor such as phosphate
US11814576B2 (en) Increasing scavenging efficiency of H2S scavenger by adding linear polymer
WO2014031530A1 (en) Inhibiting corrosion caused by aqueous aldehyde solutions

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20130327