CN102998670B - Ka-frequency-band fixed-orientation dual-polarization all-solid-state millimeter-wave cloud radar - Google Patents
Ka-frequency-band fixed-orientation dual-polarization all-solid-state millimeter-wave cloud radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Ka-frequency-band fixed-orientation dual-polarization all-solid-state millimeter-wave cloud radar. The millimeter-wave cloud radar comprises an all-solid-state transmitter (1), an antenna housing (5), an ortho-mode transducer (3), a dual-channel receiver (10) and the like. Output signals of the all-solid-state transmitter (1) reach an antenna (4) through a circulator (2) and the ortho-mode transducer (3) and are radiated towards the sky through the antenna housing (5); echo signals are processed by the dual-channel receiver (10), a digital receiver (11), a signal processor (12) and a display control computer (13) and provided for a far-end computer (15) through a communication system (14); a power distribution system (16) provides needed power; and test signals generated by a frequency synthesizer (9) pass through a power divider (6), a coupler A (7) and a coupler B (8) to be used for testing. According to the millimeter-wave cloud radar, a novel tool is provided for cloud observation, the size is small, the structure is simple, the reliability is high, and radar is applicable to long-time continuous observation to cloud.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of millimeter wave cloud radar, particularly all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar.
Background technology
Existing millimeter wave cloud radar comprises: magnetron or travelling-wave tube electrovacuum microwave tube transmitter, band servo-drive system can scanning antenna, circulator, frequency synthesizer, single-channel receiver, digital receiver, signal processor, aobvious control computer, communication system, far-end computer and distribution system.Magnetron millimeter wave transmitter lifetime is short, doppler velocity extractability is poor, and travelling-wave tube millimeter wave transmitter lifetime is short, expensive, is not suitable for the long-time continuous observation to cloud; Antenna with servo-drive system makes radar arrangement complicated, and while having antenna house protection to make precipitation, radar observation is not affected; Single polarization is unfavorable for the extraction of cloud information.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar, solve that existing millimeter wave cloud radar volume is large, complex structure, reliability is low, cloud information extraction ability weak, be unsuitable for the problem of long-time continuous observation.
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar, comprise: circulator, antenna, frequency synthesizer, digital receiver, signal processor, aobvious control computer, communication system, far-end computer and distribution system, also comprise: all solid-state transmitter, antenna house, orthomode coupler, two-channel receiver, power splitter, coupling mechanism A and coupling mechanism B.Wherein, all solid-state transmitter comprises: pre-amplifier, power divider, power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C, power amplifier module D, power combiner, isolator assemblies and control testing circuit; Two-channel receiver comprises: protection switch A, low noise amplifier A, the first frequency mixer A, the second frequency mixer A, amplifier A, wave filter A, protection switch B, low noise amplifier B, the first frequency mixer B, the second frequency mixer B, amplifier B, wave filter B, a local oscillator power splitter and two local oscillator power splitters.
The output terminal of frequency synthesizer is connected with the input end of all solid-state transmitter; The output terminal of all solid-state transmitter is connected with a of circulator end; The b end of circulator is connected with orthomode coupler is two-way; Orthomode coupler is connected with antenna is two-way; The c end of circulator is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism A; The output terminal of coupling mechanism A is connected with the input end of dual channel receiver protecting switch A; Orthomode coupler is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism B; The output terminal of coupling mechanism B is connected with the input end of dual channel receiver protecting switch B; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer is connected with the input end of two local oscillator power splitters with two-channel receiver one local oscillator power splitter respectively; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer is connected with the input end of power splitter; The output terminal of power splitter is connected with the coupled end of coupling mechanism B with coupling mechanism A respectively; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer, the output terminal of two-channel receiver are connected with the input end of digital receiver respectively; The output terminal of digital receiver is connected with the input end of signal processor; Aobvious control computer is connected with signal processor, communication system and distribution system are two-way respectively; Communication system is connected with far-end computer is two-way.The input end of pre-amplifier is connected with the output terminal of frequency synthesizer; The output terminal of pre-amplifier is connected with the input end of power divider; The output terminal of power divider is connected with power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C and the input end of power amplifier module D respectively; The output terminal of power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C and power amplifier module D is connected with the input end of power combiner respectively; The output terminal of power combiner is connected with the input end of isolator assemblies; The output terminal of isolator assemblies is connected with a of circulator end; Control testing circuit respectively with pre-amplifier, power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C with power amplifier module D is two-way is connected, be connected with the output terminal of isolator assemblies.The input end of protection switch A is connected with the output terminal of coupling mechanism A; Protection switch A, low noise amplifier A, the first frequency mixer A, the second frequency mixer A, amplifier A and wave filter A are in sequential series, and the output terminal of wave filter A is connected with the input end of digital receiver; The input end of protection switch B is connected with the output terminal of coupling mechanism B; Protection switch B, low noise amplifier B, the first frequency mixer B, the second frequency mixer B, amplifier B and wave filter B are in sequential series, and the output terminal of wave filter B is connected with the input end of digital receiver; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer is connected with the input end of two local oscillator power splitters with a local oscillator power splitter respectively; The output terminal of one local oscillator power splitter is connected with the input end of the first frequency mixer B with the first frequency mixer A respectively; The output terminal of two local oscillator power splitters is connected with the input end of the second frequency mixer B with the second frequency mixer A respectively.
Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is sent by frequency synthesizer, after all solid-state transmitter amplifies, by circulator, orthomode coupler, arrives antenna, sees through antenna house, in the mode of horizontal polarization to aerial radiation.The electromagnetic wave radiateing runs into cloud, the meteorological target of rain, produces back scattering, by antenna reception, becomes the echoed signal of meteorological target.Echoed signal is divided into two-way after by orthomode coupler; one tunnel is through circulator; enter the protection switch A of two-channel receiver; another road enters the protection switch B of two-channel receiver, and two-way echoed signal is exported intermediate-freuqncy signal respectively after low noise amplification, twice mixing, amplification, gain control and wave filter.Then after digital receiver carries out A/D, Digital Down Convert and filtering processing, form the digital quadrature i/q signal of reflected signal intensity and phase information, be sent to again signal processor and carry out pulse compression, time domain accumulation, FFT and frequency domain signal integration processing, output power spectrum Density Distribution data.After aobvious control computer is further processed, generate echo strength, radial velocity, speed spectrum width and linear depolarization ratio data again, by communication system, offer far-end computer.Distribution system provides radar system required various power supplys.The test signal that frequency synthesizer produces, after power splitter is divided into two, enters two-channel receiver by coupling mechanism A and coupling mechanism B, for test and the calibration of receiving system channel characteristic, echo strength and speed.
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar is realized reception and the processing of dual polarization information by antenna, orthomode coupler, two-channel receiver, digital receiver, signal processor and aobvious control computer.Linear depolarization ratio is for representing that same polarization reception and orthogonal polarization receive the parameter of echo power difference condition, are expressed as:
Millimeter wave cloud radar to the effective scope of detection of the linear depolarization ratio of cloud, rain target between-5～-30dB.
Antenna is Cassegrain pattern, adopts fixed vertical to point to working method, thereby omit servo-drive system, has simplified system architecture.Antenna house adopts honeycomb A interlayer, is glass-reinforced plastic material, makes antenna have all weather operations ability.
All solid-state transmitter You Si road power amplifier module carries out the synthetic realization of power.Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is after pre-amplifier amplifies, by one minute four power divider, offering power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C and power amplifier module D amplifies, again after power combiner and isolator assemblies, output high-power signal.Control testing circuit provides modulated pulse signal for pre-amplifier, power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C and power amplifier module D, and receives the various detection signals that pre-amplifier, power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C, power amplifier module D and isolator assemblies are sent.
The protection switch A of two-channel receiver and protection switch B, avoid for the protection of two-channel receiver the damage that power is leaked in transmitting.Same polarization echoed signal is after low noise amplifier A amplifies, at the first frequency mixer A and a local oscillation signal, carry out mixing, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out mixing at the second frequency mixer A and two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are carried out amplification and AGC in amplifier A, and after wave filter A filtering, output same polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver.Orthogonal polarization echoed signal is after low noise amplifier B amplifies, at the first frequency mixer B and a local oscillation signal, carry out mixing, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out mixing at the second frequency mixer B and two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are carried out amplification and AGC in amplifier B, and after wave filter B filtering, output orthogonal polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver.After being divided into two, gives respectively the local oscillation signal that one local oscillator power splitter is sent frequency synthesizer here the first frequency mixer A and the first frequency mixer B.After being divided into two, give respectively two local oscillation signals that two local oscillator power splitters are sent frequency synthesizer here the second frequency mixer A and the second frequency mixer B.
The present invention compares with existing millimeter wave cloud radar, and transmitter peak power is lower, main by adopting all solid state, high duty ratio millimeter wave transmitter, heavy caliber, high-gain Cassegrain antenna, and pulse compression and pulse accumulation technology improve detection power.
The present invention can obtain the linear depolarization ratio information of cloud, rain target, can better reflect meteorological target shape, phase and spatial orientation feature; Adopt Cassegrain antenna, effectively reduce radar system loss, improve and survey power; Adopt fixed directional working method to reduce system complexity, improved reliability; Antenna house makes radar system have all weather operations ability, guarantees observation data quality; Adopt all solid-state transmitter, volume is little, lightweight, environmental suitability is strong, suitable long time continuous working, and operating cost is low.The present invention can be widely used in cloud automatic Observation, weather modification, aviation meteorological support, military meteorological support field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range of Fig. 1 fixed directional dual polarization radar schematic diagram.
The all solid-state transmitter schematic diagram of all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range of Fig. 2 fixed directional dual polarization radar.
The two-channel receiver schematic diagram of all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range of Fig. 3 fixed directional dual polarization radar.
1 solid-state transmitters,,,,, 2. Circulator,,,,, 3. Quadrature mode coupler,,,, 4. Antenna,,,,, 5. Radome,,,, 6. Gong splitters, 7. couplers A,, 8. coupler B,, 9. frequency synthesizer, 10 dual channel receiver 11. digital receiver 12. signal processor 13. significant control computer, and 14. communication system 15. remote computer, 16. distribution system, 17 preamps, 18. power divider, 19 power amplifier module A,,,,, 20. power amplifier module B,,,, 21. power amplifier module C,,,, 22. power amplifier module D,, 23. power combiner, 24. isolator assembly, 25. detection control circuit, 26. protection switch A,,, 27. low noise amplifier A,, 28. first mixer A,,,,, 29. second mixer A,,,,, 30. amplifier A,,,, , 31 filter A,,,, 32. protection switch B,, 33. low noise amplifier B,,,, 34. first mixer B,,,, 35. second mixer B,,, 36. amplifier B,,, 37. filter B,, 38. an oscillator splitters,,, 39. two oscillator splitters.
Embodiment
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar, comprise: circulator 2, antenna 4, frequency synthesizer 9, digital receiver 11, signal processor 12, aobvious control computer 13, communication system 14, far-end computer 15 and distribution system 16, also comprise: all solid-state transmitter 1, antenna house 5, orthomode coupler 3, two-channel receiver 10, power splitter 6, coupling mechanism A 7 and coupling mechanism B 8.Wherein, all solid-state transmitter 1 comprises: pre-amplifier 17, power divider 18, power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21, power amplifier module D 22, power combiner 23, isolator assemblies 24 and control testing circuit 25; Two-channel receiver 10 comprises: protection switch A 26, low noise amplifier A 27, the first frequency mixer A 28, the second frequency mixer A 29, amplifier A 30, wave filter A 31, protection switch B 32, low noise amplifier B 33, the first frequency mixer B 34, the second frequency mixer B 35, amplifier B 36, wave filter B 37, a local oscillator power splitter 38 and two local oscillator power splitters 39.
The output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9 is connected with the input end of all solid-state transmitter 1; The output terminal of all solid-state transmitter 1 is connected with a end of circulator 2; The b end of circulator 2 is connected with orthomode coupler 3 is two-way; Orthomode coupler 3 is connected with antenna 4 is two-way; The c end of circulator 2 is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism A 7; The output terminal of coupling mechanism A 7 is connected with the input end of two-channel receiver 10 protection switch A 26; Orthomode coupler 3 is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism B 8; The output terminal of coupling mechanism B 8 is connected with the input end of two-channel receiver 10 protection switch B 32; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9 is connected with the input end of two local oscillator power splitters 39 with two-channel receiver 10 1 local oscillator power splitters 38 respectively; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9 is connected with the input end of power splitter 6; The output terminal of power splitter 6 is connected with the coupled end of coupling mechanism B 8 with coupling mechanism A 7 respectively; The output terminal of the output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9, two-channel receiver 10 is connected with the input end of digital receiver 11 respectively; The output terminal of digital receiver 11 is connected with the input end of signal processor 12; Aobvious control computer 13 is respectively with signal processor 12, communication system 14 with distribution system 16 is two-way is connected; Communication system 14 is connected with far-end computer 15 is two-way.The input end of all solid-state transmitter 1 pre-amplifier 17 is connected with the output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9; The output terminal of pre-amplifier 17 is connected with the input end of power divider 18; The output terminal of power divider 18 is connected with power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 and the input end of power amplifier module D 22 respectively; The output terminal of power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 and power amplifier module D 22 is connected with the input end of power combiner 23 respectively; The output terminal of power combiner 23 is connected with the input end of isolator assemblies 24; The output terminal of isolator assemblies 24 is connected with a end of circulator 2; Control testing circuit 25 respectively with pre-amplifier 17, power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 with power amplifier module D 22 is two-way is connected, be connected with the output terminal of isolator assemblies 24.The input end of protection switch A 26 is connected with the output terminal of coupling mechanism A 7; Protection switch A 26, low noise amplifier A 27, the first frequency mixer A 28, the second frequency mixer A 29, amplifier A 30 and wave filter A 31 are in sequential series, and the output terminal of wave filter A 31 is connected with the input end of digital receiver 11; The input end of protection switch B 32 is connected with the output terminal of coupling mechanism B 8; Protection switch B 32, low noise amplifier B 33, the first frequency mixer B 34, the second frequency mixer B 35, amplifier B 36 and wave filter B 37 are in sequential series, and the output terminal of wave filter B 37 is connected with the input end of digital receiver 11; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9 is connected with the input end of two local oscillator power splitters 39 with a local oscillator power splitter 38 respectively; The output terminal of one local oscillator power splitter 38 is connected with the input end of the first frequency mixer B 34 with the first frequency mixer A 28 respectively; The output terminal of two local oscillator power splitters 39 is connected with the input end of the second frequency mixer B 35 with the second frequency mixer A 29 respectively.
Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is sent by frequency synthesizer 9, after all solid-state transmitter 1 amplifies, by circulator 2, orthomode coupler 3, arrives antennas 4, sees through antenna house 5, in the mode of horizontal polarization to aerial radiation.The electromagnetic wave radiateing runs into cloud, the meteorological target of rain, produces back scattering, by antenna 5, is received, and becomes the echoed signal of meteorological target.Echoed signal is divided into two-way after by orthomode coupler 3; one tunnel is through circulator 2; enter the protection switch A 26 of two-channel receiver 10; another road enters the protection switch B 32 of two-channel receiver 10, and two-way echoed signal is exported intermediate-freuqncy signal respectively after low noise amplification, twice mixing, amplification, gain control and wave filter.Then after digital receiver 11 carries out A/D, Digital Down Convert and filtering processing, form the digital quadrature i/q signal of reflected signal intensity and phase information, be sent to again signal processor 12 and carry out pulse compression, time domain accumulation, FFT and frequency domain signal integration processing, output power spectrum Density Distribution data.After aobvious control computer 13 is further processed, generate echo strength, radial velocity, speed spectrum width and linear depolarization ratio data again, by communication system 14, offer far-end computer 15.Distribution system 16 provides radar system required various power supplys, and can add power-off by aobvious control computer 13 and control.The test signal that frequency synthesizer 9 produces, after power splitter 6 is divided into two, enters two-channel receiver 10 by coupling mechanism A 7 and coupling mechanism B 8, for test and the calibration of receiving system channel characteristic, echo strength and speed.
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar is realized reception and the processing of dual polarization information by antenna 4, orthomode coupler 3, two-channel receiver 10, digital receiver 11, signal processor 12 and aobvious control computer 13.Linear depolarization ratio is that it can be expressed as for representing that same polarization reception and orthogonal polarization receive the parameter of echo power difference condition:
Millimeter wave cloud radar to the effective scope of detection of the linear depolarization ratio of cloud, rain target between-5～-30dB.
Antenna 4 is Cassegrain pattern, diameter 2m, and gain is greater than 53dB, and beam angle is less than 0.35 °, adopts fixed vertical to point to working method, thereby omit servo-drive system, has simplified system architecture.Antenna house 5 adopts honeycomb A interlayer, is glass-reinforced plastic material, makes antenna 4 have all weather operations ability.
All solid-state transmitter 1 adopts chip and spatial power synthetic technology to design, and You Si road power amplifier module carries out the synthetic realization of power.The Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal of 10dBm is after pre-amplifier 17 amplifies, by one minute four power divider 18, offering 20W power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 and power amplifier module D 22 amplifies, after power combiner 23 and isolator assemblies 24, output is not less than the peak power of 50W again.Control testing circuit 25 provides modulated pulse signal for pre-amplifier 17, power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 and power amplifier module D 22, and receives the various detection signals that pre-amplifier 17, power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21, power amplifier module D 22 and isolator assemblies 24 are sent.
The protection switch A 26 of two-channel receiver 10 and protection switch B 32 adopt PIN switch, for the protection of two-channel receiver 10, avoid the damage that power is leaked in transmitting.Same polarization echoed signal is after low noise amplifier A 27 amplifies, at the first frequency mixer A 28 and a local oscillation signal, carry out mixing, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out mixing at the second frequency mixer A 29 and two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are carried out amplification and AGC in amplifier A 30, and after wave filter A 31 filtering, output same polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver 11.Orthogonal polarization echoed signal is after low noise amplifier B 33 amplifies, at the first frequency mixer B 34 and a local oscillation signal, carry out mixing, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out mixing at the second frequency mixer B 35 and two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are carried out amplification and AGC in amplifier B 36, and after wave filter B 37 filtering, output orthogonal polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver 11.After being divided into two, gives respectively the local oscillation signal that one local oscillator power splitter 38 is sent frequency synthesizer 9 here the first frequency mixer A 28 and the first frequency mixer B 34.After being divided into two, give respectively two local oscillation signals that two local oscillator power splitters 39 are sent frequency synthesizer 9 here the second frequency mixer A 29 and the second frequency mixer B 35.
Claims (1)
1. all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar, comprise: circulator (2), antenna (4), frequency synthesizer (9), digital receiver (11), signal processor (12), aobvious control computer (13), communication system (14), far-end computer (15) and distribution system (16), also comprise: all solid-state transmitter (1), antenna house (5), orthomode coupler (3), two-channel receiver (10), power splitter (6), coupling mechanism A(7) and coupling mechanism B(8); Wherein, all solid-state transmitter (1) comprising: pre-amplifier (17), power divider (18), power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21), power amplifier module D(22), power combiner (23), isolator assemblies and control testing circuit (25); Two-channel receiver (10) comprising: protection switch A(26), low noise amplifier A(27), the first frequency mixer A(28), the second frequency mixer A(29), amplifier A(30), wave filter A(31), protection switch B(32), low noise amplifier B(33), the first frequency mixer B(34), the second frequency mixer B(35), amplifier B(36), wave filter B(37), a local oscillator power splitter (38) and two local oscillator power splitters (39);
The output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9) is connected with the input end of all solid-state transmitter (1); The output terminal of all solid-state transmitter (1) is connected with a end of circulator (2); B end and two-way connection of orthomode coupler (3) of circulator (2); Orthomode coupler (3) and two-way connection of antenna (4); The c end of circulator (2) and coupling mechanism A(7) input end be connected; Coupling mechanism A(7) output terminal and two-channel receiver (10) protection switch A(26) input end be connected; Orthomode coupler (3) and coupling mechanism B(8) input end be connected; Coupling mechanism B(8) output terminal and two-channel receiver (10) protection switch B(32) input end be connected; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9) is connected with the input end of two local oscillator power splitters (39) with two-channel receiver (10) one local oscillator power splitters (38) respectively; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9) is connected with the input end of power splitter (6); The output terminal of power splitter (6) respectively with coupling mechanism A(7) with coupling mechanism B(8) coupled end be connected; The output terminal of the output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9), two-channel receiver (10) is connected with the input end of digital receiver (11) respectively; The output terminal of digital receiver (11) is connected with the input end of signal processor (12); Aobvious control computer (13) respectively with signal processor (12), communication system (14) and two-way connection of distribution system (16); Communication system (14) and two-way connection of far-end computer (15); The input end of pre-amplifier (17) is connected with the output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9); The output terminal of pre-amplifier (17) is connected with the input end of power divider (18); The output terminal of power divider (18) respectively with power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) with power amplifier module D(22) input end be connected; Power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) with power amplifier module D(22) output terminal be connected with the input end of power combiner (23) respectively; The output terminal of power combiner (23) is connected with the input end of isolator assemblies; The output terminal of isolator assemblies is connected with a end of circulator (2); Control testing circuit (25) respectively with pre-amplifier (17), power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) with power amplifier module D(22) two-way connection, be connected with the output terminal of isolator assemblies; Protection switch A(26) input end and coupling mechanism A(7) output terminal be connected; Protection switch A(26), low noise amplifier A(27), the first frequency mixer A(28), the second frequency mixer A(29), amplifier A(30) and wave filter A(31) in sequential series, wave filter A(31) output terminal be connected with the input end of digital receiver (11); Protection switch B(32) input end and coupling mechanism B(8) output terminal be connected; Protection switch B(32), low noise amplifier B(33), the first frequency mixer B(34), the second frequency mixer B(35), amplifier B(36) and wave filter B(37) in sequential series, wave filter B(37) output terminal be connected with the input end of digital receiver (11); The output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9) is connected with the input end of two local oscillator power splitters (39) with a local oscillator power splitter (38) respectively; The output terminal of one local oscillator power splitter (38) respectively with the first frequency mixer A(28) with the first frequency mixer B(34) input end be connected; The output terminal of two local oscillator power splitters (39) respectively with the second frequency mixer A(29) with the second frequency mixer B(35) input end be connected;
Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is sent by frequency synthesizer (9), after all solid-state transmitter (1) amplifies, by circulator (2), orthomode coupler (3), arrive antenna (4), see through antenna house (5), in the mode of horizontal polarization to aerial radiation; The electromagnetic wave radiateing runs into cloud, the meteorological target of rain, produces back scattering, by antenna (4), is received, and becomes the echoed signal of meteorological target; Echoed signal is divided into two-way after by orthomode coupler (3), one tunnel is through circulator (2), enter the protection switch A(26 of two-channel receiver (10)), another road enters the protection switch B(32 of two-channel receiver (10)), two-way echoed signal is exported intermediate-freuqncy signal respectively after low noise amplification, twice mixing, amplification, gain control and wave filter; Then after digital receiver (11) carries out A/D, Digital Down Convert and filtering processing, form the digital quadrature i/q signal of reflected signal intensity and phase information, be sent to again signal processor (12) and carry out pulse compression, time domain accumulation, FFT and frequency domain signal integration processing, output power spectrum Density Distribution data; After aobvious control computer (13) is further processed, generate echo strength, radial velocity, speed spectrum width and linear depolarization ratio data again, by communication system (14), offer far-end computer (15); Distribution system (16) provides radar system required various power supplys; The test signal that frequency synthesizer (9) produces is after power splitter (6) is divided into two, by coupling mechanism A(7) and coupling mechanism B(8) enter two-channel receiver (10), for test and the calibration of receiving system channel characteristic, echo strength and speed;
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar is realized reception and the processing of dual polarization information by antenna (4), orthomode coupler (3), two-channel receiver (10), digital receiver (11), signal processor (12) and aobvious control computer (13); Linear depolarization ratio is for representing that same polarization reception and orthogonal polarization receive the parameter of echo power difference condition, are expressed as:
Millimeter wave cloud radar to the effective scope of detection of the linear depolarization ratio of cloud, rain target between-5～-30dB;
Antenna (4) is Cassegrain pattern, adopts fixed vertical to point to working method, thereby omit servo-drive system, has simplified system architecture; Antenna house (5) adopts honeycomb A interlayer, is glass-reinforced plastic material, makes antenna (4) have all weather operations ability;
All solid-state transmitter (1) You Si road power amplifier module carries out the synthetic realization of power; Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is after pre-amplifier (17) amplifies, by one minute four power divider (18), offer power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) and power amplifier module D(22) amplify, again after power combiner (23) and isolator assemblies, output high-power signal; Controlling testing circuit (25) is pre-amplifier (17), power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) and power amplifier module D(22) modulated pulse signal is provided, and receive pre-amplifier (17), power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21), power amplifier module D(22) and the various detection signals sent of isolator assemblies;
The protection switch A(26 of two-channel receiver (10)) and protection switch B(32), for the protection of two-channel receiver (10), avoid the damage that power is leaked in transmitting; Same polarization echoed signal is through low noise amplifier A(27) amplify after, at the first frequency mixer A(28) carry out mixing with a local oscillation signal, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is at the second frequency mixer A(29) carry out mixing with two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are at amplifier A(30) in carry out amplification and AGC, through wave filter A(31) after filtering, output same polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver (11); Orthogonal polarization echoed signal is through low noise amplifier B(33) amplify after, at the first frequency mixer B(34) carry out mixing with a local oscillation signal, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is at the second frequency mixer B(35) carry out mixing with two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are at amplifier B(36) in carry out amplification and AGC, through wave filter B(37) after filtering, output orthogonal polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver (11); After the local oscillation signal that one local oscillator power splitter (38) is sent frequency synthesizer (9) here is divided into two, give respectively the first frequency mixer A(28) and the first frequency mixer B(34); After two local oscillation signals that two local oscillator power splitters (39) are sent frequency synthesizer (9) here are divided into two, give respectively the second frequency mixer A(29) and the second frequency mixer B(35).
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