CN102995148A - Production method of normal-temperature normal-pressure cationic dyeable fine-denier hollow polyester staple fiber - Google Patents

Production method of normal-temperature normal-pressure cationic dyeable fine-denier hollow polyester staple fiber Download PDF

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CN102995148A
CN102995148A CN2011102693701A CN201110269370A CN102995148A CN 102995148 A CN102995148 A CN 102995148A CN 2011102693701 A CN2011102693701 A CN 2011102693701A CN 201110269370 A CN201110269370 A CN 201110269370A CN 102995148 A CN102995148 A CN 102995148A
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normal
polyester staple
fiber
pressure cationic
temperature
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薛斌
孙华平
陆明英
朱福和
陈培
史利梅
吴旭华
谢宏
王卫东
陈来宏
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Yizheng Chemical Fibre Co Ltd
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Yizheng Chemical Fibre Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a production method of normal-temperature normal-pressure cationic dyeable fine-denier hollow polyester staple fibers. A C-shaped spinneret plate is used for producing 1.0-2.5dtex fine-denier hollow polyester staple fibers under conditions that the spinning temperature is 270-288DEG C, the wind ring-blowing speed is 0.8-1.3m/s, the wind temperature is 17-23DEG C and the first break draft multiple is 2.5-3.8. The production method of normal-temperature normal-pressure cationic dyeable fine-denier hollow polyester staple fibers has the advantages that the production process is stable, the product closing success rate is high, the dying performance of the normal-temperature normal-pressure cationic polyester fibers is guaranteed to be excellent, and the fibers have physical properties such as higher hollowness degree, excellent breaking strength and excellent breaking elongation; and since the fibers are very fine, the modulus is further decreased, and the flexibility of the fibers and the softness of the produced products are effectively improved.

Description

The production method of hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable
Technical field
The present invention relates to the polyester staple fiber production and processing, the method that thin dawn hollow polyester staple fiber is produced in especially a kind of normal temperature and pressure cationic polyester section belongs to the synthetic fiber production technical field.
Background technology
Cashmere is to comb the fine hair of taking off with it from goat, wherein take fine hair quality that down producing goat was produced as best, be the goat depilation annual spring when, grasp fine hair with special iron comb from the goat body, clean a minute comb, remove coarse wool, obtain goat cashmere behind kemp and the scurf.Goat cashmere has irregular rare and dark curling, formed by scale layer and cortical layer, there is not the medullary substance layer, scale density is about 60~70/mm, the fiber cross section sub-circular, diameter is also thinner than fine wool, and average fineness is many at 14~16um, length is generally 35~45mm, integrates very thin, frivolous, soft, sliding glutinous, warming.Be mainly used in pure spin or with the fine wool blending, manufacture the high-grade valuable textiless such as cashmere sweater, cashmere scarf, cashmere suiting, cashmere wool overcoating.Every bellwether is produced about 200 grams of suede per year, and goat can dig grass roots to eat up in the withered grass season of annual autumn and winter, caused destructive destruction to steppe vegetation, the destructiveness on grassland was equivalent to 20 times of sheep.Goat cashmere belongs to rare special animal fiber (having any different with sheep's wool), is a kind of textile raw material of preciousness, is called " diamond of fiber " abroad, " soft gold ".About 6000 tons of goat cashmere world year volume of trade, China accounts for 3000 tons, occupies first place in the world, and for the protection to environment, the imitative cashmere of exploitation is even more important.
Profiled filament is because the variation of fibre section can have profiled filament even surpass the characteristics of some natural fabric, wherein round doughnut has unique warming, suction, slim and graceful function, especially thin dawn circle doughnut has had the characteristics of thin dawn and hollow concurrently, is the optimum feed stock of making cold-proof underwear of new generation.
Doughnut is after the thin dawn, quality has qualitative leap, fibre number is thinner on the one hand, and modulus obviously reduces than coarse denier fiber, and is soft, frivolous, fine and smooth, the good springiness of fabric that forms, good hand feeling has the body bone, and cavity is arranged in the middle of the fiber on the other hand, so fiber has light weight, fluffy, characteristics that spreadability is good concurrently, hygroscopicity, gas permeability, warmth retention property are all good.But lack the functional group of directly being combined with dyestuff in the conventional polyester fiber molecule chain, thereby can only use disperse dyeing, again because normal polyester degree of crystallinity is high, close structure, although have energy and DISPERSE DYES to form the ester group of hydrogen bond, dye molecule only just can enter fibrous inside under high temperature, high pressure, so that product shade, style and performance are all restricted.
According to fibre fineness 15 μ m, degree of hollowness 10% converts, and the filament number of doughnut is 2.67dtex, because the rigidity of polyester fiber is large, reach the softness of cashmere, and the filament number of fiber must be less than 2.67dtex.But because drying property, the spinning process performance of ECDP section can not show a candle to the normal polyester section, usually produce the more of thick dawn imitation wool product, produce the thin dawn (being lower than 2. 67dtex) type normal temperature and pressure cationic polyester and have higher difficulty.Exploitation normal temperature and pressure thin dawn of cationic-dyeable hollow polyester staple fiber can with the cashmere blending, reduce the use amount of cashmere preferably near cashmere on fiber physical property, dyeability, reduces on the one hand cost, on the other hand protection of the environment.
It is the spinnerets of three sections circular arc slit designs that CN200510029778.6 " dacron thin-denier high-hollow short fiber and production method thereof " has introduced Shanghai Lian Ji FCFC employing spinneret orifice, the production fiber number is that 1.56~1.67dtexex, degree of hollowness are 20 ± 3% dacron thin-denier high-hollow short fiber, and raw materials used is normal polyester.CN03109821.5 " fine-denier polyester tubular filament spinning method for genuine and the long filament that makes " has introduced the spinning method for genuine that a kind of thin dawn hollow is extended silk in advance, the filament number that the polyester fine denier hollow of spinning is extended silk in advance is 0.3~2.5D, and the finished silk filament number is 0.2~1.0D.The method is in fact a kind of production method of normal polyester PET Hollow long filament.
At present on the domestic and international market, thinner thin dawn hollow pet staple fiber product be the company of Shanghai Lian Ji FCFC and Japan, the U.S. etc. to adopt the specification of normal polyester production be the product of 1.56dtex, there are no the product that adopts the ECDP section to produce and the report of related methods of production.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of production method of hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable, the similarly thin dawn hollow polyester staple fiber of production physical property and dyeability and cashmere.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the production method of hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable, it is characterized in that: adopt the section of normal temperature and pressure cationic polyester, spinning spinneret orifice spinning jet used on the journey, to be single radial cut " C " shape circular, spinning temperature is 270~288 ℃, quench air velocity is 0.8~1.3m/s, wind-warm syndrome is 17~23 ℃, and 2.5~3.8 times of first break draft are processed.
Further, the production method of above-mentioned hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable, the slit width L of wherein said " C " shape spinneret orifice is that 0.05~0.1mm, opening degree W are 0.07~0.12mm, the opening two ends are Symmetrical Circular Arc, and the radius of curvature R of described " C " shape spinneret orifice opening two ends Symmetrical Circular Arc is 0.03~0.07mm.
Further, the production method of above-mentioned hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable, the fiber number of wherein said thin dawn hollow polyester staple fiber is 1.0dtex~2.5dtex.
The substantive distinguishing features that the present invention gives prominence to and marked improvement are embodied in following several respects:
(1) the normal temperature and pressure cation dyeable polyester mainly is to introduce electronegative sulfonic acid group in strand, also adds simultaneously four monomer copolymerizations such as ethers, ester class and makes, and is called for short ECDP.Dye soon on the fiber that utilizes the ECDP section to produce, dyefastness is high, and is beautiful in colour, and be suitable for from the fiber of the natural fibre blended fabric that obtains different color harmony styles, particularly hollow section and do high-grade wool-like fabric, good hand feeling, warmth retention property is good.
(2) on routine section spinning polyester short fiber production line, adopt the spinnerets of innovative design, by optimizing and revising of production technology, but the hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable of steady production 1.0dtex~2.5dtex specification.
(3) normal temperature and pressure cationic polyester section, be called for short ECDP, by PTA(or DMT) and EG, adding the 3rd, the 4th monomer polymerization forms, dye fast on the ECDP fiber, dyefastness is high, beautiful in colour, can be used for doing high-grade wool-like fabric, good hand feeling, the extremely favor in market, but because drying property, the spinning process performance of ECDP section can not show a candle to the normal polyester section, usually produce the more of thick dawn imitation wool product, produce the thin dawn (being lower than 2. 67dtex) type normal temperature and pressure cationic polyester and have higher difficulty.Normal polyester (high-temperature pressure dyeing) the doughnut overwhelming majority mainly is to make bedding for filling more than 3.33dtex.
(4) produce the hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable that obtains, its stable physical property can keep higher degree of hollowness, and the degree of hollowness of precursor reaches 17~20%, the hollow core staple fibers of the modular ratio 1.56dtex of final products is low, has reached the soft feel of cashmere fiber.
(5) stable production process of the present invention, product is closed into the power height, when guaranteeing normal temperature and pressure cationic polyester fiber dyeing performance excellence, fiber also has the physical properties such as higher degree of hollowness, good fracture strength and extension at break, because the fiber number of fiber is very thin, modulus further reduces, the pliability of Effective Raise fiber and the soft feel of converted products.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: " C " shape spinneret orifice schematic diagram of the spinnerets that the present invention adopts;
Fig. 2: the cross section electromicroscopic photograph of cashmere;
Fig. 3: 1.56dtex precursor electromicroscopic photograph of the present invention;
Fig. 4: the conventional thin dawn hollow 1.56dtex precursor electromicroscopic photograph of instrument company;
Fig. 5: the Electronic Speculum cross-sectional picture of 1.56dtex product of the present invention;
Fig. 6: the Electronic Speculum cross-sectional picture of the conventional thin dawn hollow 1.56dtex product of instrument company;
Fig. 7: the Electronic Speculum cross-sectional picture of the conventional thin dawn hollow 1.67dtex product of Shanghai Lian Ji company;
Fig. 8: the Electronic Speculum cross-sectional picture of the conventional thin dawn hollow 2.72dtex like product of Japanese import.
The specific embodiment
The present invention adopts specific thin dawn hollow special spinning jet, on routine section spinning polyester short fiber production line, by optimizing and revising of production technology, produce the hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable of 1.3dtex~2.5dtex specification, reach the similar performance of cashmere product, filled up domestic and international blank.
At first, the present invention adopts the spinnerets of innovative design, and spinneret orifice is that single radial cut " C " shape is circular, as shown in Figure 1, the Effective Raise fiber cross section be closed into power in, guaranteed that fiber has higher degree of hollowness.
The present invention by adjusting production technology, reaches the purpose of the hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable of steady production 1.3dtex~2.5dtex specification on conventional polyester staple fibre production line.
On the one hand, the production of thin dawn hollow pet staple fiber is very strict to the control requirement of melt temperature, and the height of spinning temperature directly affects rheological property and the relative molecular mass of melt, has determined mobile performance and the surface tension of melt.Since position isomery sulfonic acid group and polyether ester between having introduced in the ECDP macromolecular chain, its rheological property variation.Spinning temperature is high, and melt flows viscosity is little, and expanded phenomenon reduced greatly after melt went out spinneret orifice, and the melt-forming resistance descends, and surface tension descends thereupon, and the melt thread produces surperficial atrophy, thereby cavity is partly diminished, and the precursor degree of hollowness reduces; Spinning temperature is low, and then melt viscosity is large, and melt-forming resistance and surface tension are large, is conducive to the formation of hollow.But melt temperature is excessively low, then kinematic viscosity increases excessive, melt is difficult to form hollow in the closed difficulty of spinneret orifice opening part, and melt shearing stress in spinneret orifice is increased, adhesion between melt and the pore tube wall weakens, melt produces slippage at wall, causes unsettled flowing, and causes melt fracture, underfed appears in spinning, produces hardhead silk, filament.The present invention amid all these factors and through actual tests confirms, spinning temperature be 272~288 ℃ the most suitable.
On the other hand, the process conditions of cooling forming have a significant impact such as physical parameters such as elongational flow viscosity, tensile stresses for the rheological behavior of spinning melt thread on the journey.Because the thermal conductivity factor of air is low, cause wind speed larger on the heat transfer effect impact of melt thread and surrounding air, along with the aggravation of the cooling conditions such as the increase of wind speed, wind-warm syndrome reduction, the solidification rate of melt thread is accelerated, so that partly have little time atrophy and rapid curing spinning the cavity that journey forms, be conducive to the formation of inside hollow fibre cavity, the hollowness of fibre of making is high.But wind speed is excessive, wind-warm syndrome is excessively low, and melt goes out that closed difficulty, hollow molding worsen behind the spinneret orifice mouth, and the inside and outside cooling of strand is irregular, and can cause strand to rock turbulence, makes the drop in temperature of spinneret face, and wire vent is not smooth, produces to be difficult to stablize.The present invention selects and control: 17~23 ℃ of quench air velocity 0.8~1.3m/s, wind-warm syndrome can reach good cooling forming effect.
Take above-mentioned key problem in technology as the basis, other process conditions of conventional polyester staple fibre production line are adjusted and optimized, can form the production method of the complete hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable of the present invention's one cover.
Table 1 is that the inventor is on a production line at Yizheng Chemical Fibre Co., Ltd. short fiber center, adopt the spinnerets of above-mentioned designed, designed, produce the main technologic parameters of the thin dawn hollow pet staple fiber of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable of 1.33dtex * 38mm, two kinds of specifications of 1.59dtex * 38mm.
Table 1: the main technologic parameters of producing thin dawn hollow pet staple fiber.
Figure 375190DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Table 2 is to use the product (C) that technical solution of the present invention obtains, the physical property contrast of the similar normal polyester product (B) of similar normal polyester product with Japanese import (A), the production of Shanghai Lian Ji company and the thin dawn hollow pet staple fiber of normal polyester (D) of Yizheng Fiber Optical plant; Table 3 is modulus properties contrasts of product of the present invention and other products.
Table 2: the performance comparison of product of the present invention and conventional polyester staple fibre and other like product.
Figure 92611DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Table 3: the modulus properties contrast of the present invention and other products.
Figure 487820DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Fig. 3, Fig. 5 are 1.59dtex precursor of the present invention and finished silk electromicroscopic photograph, and Fig. 4, Fig. 6 are respectively that instrument 1.56dtex precursor and hollow product electromicroscopic photograph, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are respectively the Electronic Speculum cross-sectional picture of Shanghai Lian Ji company product, Japanese import 2.72dtex product.
The contrast of above-mentioned chart shows: 1. the present invention is when using the section of normal temperature and pressure cation dyeable polyester to guarantee that the line density of fiber reaches 1.3dtex~2.5dtex, the physical performance indexs such as degree of hollowness, fracture strength, extension at break are good, compare with cashmere fiber and other thick dawn doughnut, the degree of hollowness of product of the present invention and other physical property are more approaching, but intensity is higher, the elongation is moderate; Be closed into power when 2. the present invention has improved the melt extrusion spinneret orifice greatly, effectively reduce the aperture opening ratio of finished fiber cross section, and other like product all has a certain proportion of fiber fully closed, can not form good hollow, on the performance formation impact of fiber; 3. the present invention is when keeping the higher degree of hollowness of fiber, further reduced the fiber number of fiber, thereby reduced the modulus of fiber, Effective Raise the pliability of fiber and the soft feel of fabric, more be applicable to make tropical suiting and the winter warming fabrics such as cold-proof underwear, sportswear, shirt, socks, cap, gloves, insulated cold wear lining, sleeping bag lining.

Claims (3)

1. the production method of hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable, it is characterized in that: adopt the section of normal temperature and pressure cationic polyester, spinning spinneret orifice spinning jet used on the journey, to be single radial cut " C " shape circular, spinning temperature is 270~288 ℃, quench air velocity is 0.8~1.3m/s, wind-warm syndrome is 17~23 ℃, and 2.5~3.8 times of first break draft are processed.
2. the production method of hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the slit width L of described " C " shape spinneret orifice is that 0.05~0.1mm, opening degree W are 0.07~0.12mm, the opening two ends are Symmetrical Circular Arc, and the radius of curvature R of described " C " shape spinneret orifice opening two ends Symmetrical Circular Arc is 0.03~0.07mm.
3. the production method of hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the fiber number of described hollow polyester staple fiber of thin dawn of normal temperature and pressure cationic-dyeable is 1.0dtex~2.5dtex.
CN2011102693701A 2011-09-13 2011-09-13 Production method of normal-temperature normal-pressure cationic dyeable fine-denier hollow polyester staple fiber Pending CN102995148A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107012528A (en) * 2017-04-08 2017-08-04 河南省龙都生物科技有限公司 A kind of hollow polylactic acid short-fiber of cotton fine-denier and its production method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Application publication date: 20130327