CN102990944B - Composite material vacuum bag forming method - Google Patents
Composite material vacuum bag forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102990944B CN102990944B CN201210465273.4A CN201210465273A CN102990944B CN 102990944 B CN102990944 B CN 102990944B CN 201210465273 A CN201210465273 A CN 201210465273A CN 102990944 B CN102990944 B CN 102990944B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of resin group composite material liquid moulding manufacture, and relates to a composite material vacuum bag forming method. According to the composite material vacuum bag forming method provided by the invention, a multilayer metal fiber mesh grid can be used as a rigid resin flow distributor, and technologic advantages such as resin film impregnation molding (RFI), vacuum auxiliary resin impregnation molding (VARI) and vacuum bag autoclave molding (Autoclave) are combined; the composite material vacuum bag forming method can be used for effectively promoting resin to flow along the thickness direction of a fiber perform body so as to guarantee the structural support of the preform body, and overcoming the disadvantages that a large-area composite material liquid moulding workpiece brought by the flexible distributor is low in superficial dimension precision and poor in thickness uniformity at present; and the moulding efficiency and dimensional accuracy of the composite material workpiece are improved, and a more rapid, more flexible and low-cost liquid molding technical scheme for manufacturing a high-performance composite material structure piece is provided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to polymer matrix composites liquid condition shaping manufacturing technology field, relate to a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method.
Background technology
Resin molding infiltration shaping (RFI) technology is the vacuum-bag process technology that one utilizes the composite product of one-side mould (hereinafter referred to as " half module "), it is placed on resin molding and strengthens below fabric preform, adopt vacuum bag to form parital vacuum and bag Pressure Field and realize resin along the short distance flowing of preform thickness direction and dipping, be suitable for the shaping of large-scale wallboard class composite product.But the matrix resin of the specific midium-viscosity of the shaping needs of RFI, and be prepared into glued membrane form.
With regard to use half module and vacuum bag, traditional autoclave molding (Autoclave) is very similar with RFI forming technique, only autoclave molding employs the prepreg of pre-soaked resin, directly heat when shaping, cure under pressure, that is to say, autoclave molding needs prepreg to prepare and composite material forming two steps, but the manufacturing cost of autoclave forming process is higher.
Vacuum-bag process technology (VBI) general reference uses the technology of vacuum-bag process, except resin molding infiltration shaping (RFI) technology, also comprises vacuum assisted resin infiltration shaping (VARI) technology etc., all belongs to half module forming technique.And VBI forming technique uses the perform manufacturing of dry state mostly, there is not the processing step strengthening fabric prepreg resin, therefore, when VBI is shaping, must use compared with low-viscosity, runny special liquid moulding resin.
Due to the particular/special requirement to resin flows and dipping, in the various technology that VBI is shaping, usually flow distribution medium or the distributor of one deck flexibility is all specially laid on the surface of composite precast fabric, its effect is that in parallel face, (X, Y-direction) forms the quick flow channel of resin contacting with prefabricated fabric, promotes that resin is at the flowing of perform manufacturing thickness direction (Z-direction) and dipping.Facts have proved, this flowing expedite in raising face flowing and preform thickness direction impregnating speed effect clearly.But the resin flows distributor of this flexibility is generally network prepared by thermoplastic resin, and temperature resistant grade is usually lower, is easy in composite material shaping process by heat damage, thus limits the forming temperature grade of composite.In addition, network prepared by this thermoplastic resin, its self-supporting ability is poor, surface size precision is poor, can cause shaping after composite material surface occur significantly uneven, even affect overall dimensional accuracy and the internal soundness of composite product.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the composite vacuum-bag process method proposing a kind of higher forming temperature grade, product dimensional accuracy and the internal soundness that have.
Technical scheme of the present invention adopts weaving metallic fibers net as resin flows distributor, completes the manufacture of composite product as follows:
A. weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor comprises two-layer or two-layer above metal mesh structure, and wherein one deck is superficial layer, and other layer is supporting layer.According to the version of product, weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor is carried out cutting, splicing, and the supporting layer of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor and die face are fitted.
B. complete after weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor and die face tentatively fit, adopt, with the frock of die face male-female engagement, pressure is applied to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, it is made to fit tightly in die surface, pressurization scope is 1 ~ 2.5MPa, retention time is 1h ~ 8h, completes the excipient of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor;
C. at the superficial layer smearing release agent of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor;
D. a barrier film is covered on the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor superficial layer upper berth of having smeared releasing agent, then the paving of perform manufacturing is carried out on the surface of barrier film, repave at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing completing paving and cover a barrier film, form a weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt at its edge sealing strip thoroughly to seal;
E. utilize vacuum bag to complete the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing of combination, and connect vacuum passage;
F. resin injection-tube road is connected, wherein resin inlet leads directly to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, arrange resin flows at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing with flow distributor symmetry to export, to form the flowing of resin at perform manufacturing thickness direction;
G. vacuumize and suck liquid moulding resin, until after preform infiltrated completely by resin, complete solidification according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite product.
The material of described its metallic fiber of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor adopts stainless steel fibre but is not limited to stainless steel fibre, and its structure is three-dimensional through hole structure.
Described weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor is at least 2 layers of metal mesh structure, and comprise 1 layer of superficial layer and 1 layer of supporting layer, wherein superficial layer order number is greater than supporting layer order number.
Described barrier film material is teflon cloth, and thickness is 0.01mm ~ 0.50mm; Its weaving form is plain or satin or twill;
Described liquid condition shaping resin is middle temperature epoxy resin or High temp. epoxy resins or cyanate ester resin or benzoxazine resins or bimaleimide resin.
Fibre reinforcement in described perform manufacturing can be the shuffling body of a kind of or above-mentioned fiber in glass fibre or carbon fiber or aramid fiber or basalt fibre or natural plant fibre, and its weaving form is one-way fabric or plain cloth or satin fabric or twills or non-woven fabrics or without latitude cloth or non-flexing fabric.
Advantage of the present invention is that the resin flows distributor that have employed a kind of metal porous structure promotes resin flows, thus merged the advantage of resin molding infiltration shaping (RFI), vacuum assisted resin infiltration shaping (VARI), vacuum bag autoclave molding (Autoclave) technology, effectively facilitate the flowing of resin, improve efficiency and the quality of mold filling.The present invention adopts the multiple layer metal fiber knitted net of rigidity as resin flows distributor, the shortcoming that large area composite liquid condition shaping article surface dimensional accuracy is low, thickness evenness is poor that current soft protective system device brings can be overcome, improve the shape of product, the stability of size, and internal soundness.Further, owing to can MULTILAYER COMPOSITE design and preparation, weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor can possess the very high rigidity of structure and not lose again three-dimensional porous and the flexible characteristic of certain structure.So distributor is a part for mould rigid profile, play again the effect that flowing promotes.Weaving metallic fibers net temperature resistant grade is higher, not only can bear the technological temperature of composite material forming, even can stand various cold working and hot-working, can be shaped as various possible shape, gives Design of Dies the great free degree.Namely this technology can meet composite autoclave molding, also can meet the technological requirement of various VBI liquid condition shaping, provides the forming technique scheme of a kind of generalization of high-performance composite materials structural member, more fast (short route), more flexible (allowing to use relatively full-bodied resin system), low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Below the present invention is described in further details.
Adopt weaving metallic fibers net as resin flows distributor, weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor comprises two-layer or two-layer above metal mesh structure, and wherein one deck is superficial layer, and other layer is supporting layer.The structure of resin flows distributor refers to Chinese patent " a kind of metal net resin flows distributor for composite material forming " (ZL201020597767.4), completes the manufacture of composite product as follows.
A kind of composite vacuum-bag process method, its technical scheme is as follows:
A. the metallic fiber diameter of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor superficial layer is 0.02mm ~ 0.5mm, and order number is 30 order ~ 500 orders, and thickness is 0.02mm ~ 1mm; Other layer is supporting layer, and the metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 0.1mm ~ 3mm, and order number is 10 order ~ 100 orders, and thickness is 0.02mm ~ 1mm;
B. the supporting layer of metal net resin flows distributor and the die face of half module are fitted, for the profile that profile change is less, as: flat-type product and single-curvature profile product, can utilize the deformability of metal net itself to realize profile laminating; The profile comparatively large for height change, surface texture is more complicated, as: hyperbolicity profile product, after can carrying out suitable machine cuts, carries out die joint and splices the laminating realizing itself and die face metal net.
C. complete after weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor and die face tentatively fit, adopt, with the frock of die face male-female engagement, pressure is applied to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, it is made to fit tightly in die surface, pressurization scope is 1 ~ 2.5MPa, retention time is 1h ~ 8h, completes the excipient of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor;
D. at the superficial layer smearing release agent of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor;
E. a barrier film is covered on the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor superficial layer upper berth of having smeared releasing agent, then the paving of perform manufacturing is carried out on the surface of barrier film, repave at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing completing paving and cover a barrier film, form a weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt at its edge sealing strip thoroughly to seal;
F. utilize vacuum bag to complete the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing of combination, and connect vacuum passage;
G. resin injection-tube road is connected, wherein resin inlet leads directly to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, arrange resin flows at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing with flow distributor symmetry to export, to form the flowing of resin at perform manufacturing thickness direction;
H. vacuumize and suck liquid moulding resin, until after preform infiltrated completely by resin, complete solidification according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite product.
I. below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt vacuum-bag process method of the present invention to prepare composite material flat plate product, the metallic fiber diameter of the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor superficial layer selected is 0.1mm, and order number is 300 orders, and thickness is 0.5mm; The metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 1mm, and order number is 50 orders, and thickness is 1mm.
The selected supporting layer of metal net resin flows distributor and the profile of flat plate mold are fitted, adopt and with the dull and stereotyped frock of size, pressure is applied to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor with die face, it is made to fit tightly in die surface, pressurization scope is 1MPa, retention time is 2h, completes the excipient of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor.
To cover an equidimension on superficial layer upper berth after the superficial layer smearing release agent of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, thickness be the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) satin of 0.5mm as barrier film, then select T700 carbon fiber one-way fabric U7192 on the surface of barrier film according to [45/0-45/90]
3sply stacking-sequence carries out preform paving and covers.
Complete preform paving cover after, surface repaves the barrier film covering an equivalent specifications thereon, form a weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge, utilize vacuum bag to complete the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing of combination, and connect vacuum passage.
Connect resin injection-tube road, wherein resin inlet leads directly to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, arranges resin flows export at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing with flow distributor symmetry, to form the flowing of resin at perform manufacturing thickness direction; Vacuumize and suck liquid condition shaping with in temperature epoxy resin, until after preform infiltrated completely by resin, complete solidification according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite material flat plate product.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt vacuum-bag process method of the present invention to prepare the U-shaped beam product of composite, the metallic fiber diameter of selected weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor superficial layer is 0.05mm, and order number is 400 orders, and thickness is 0.2mm; The metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 0.1mm, and order number is 80 orders, and thickness is 0.5mm.
The selected supporting layer of metal net resin flows distributor and the die face of half module are fitted, and employing applies pressure with the frock of die face male-female engagement to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, it is made to fit tightly in die surface, pressurization scope is 2MPa, retention time is 3h, completes the excipient of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor.
After the superficial layer smearing release agent of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, to cover an equidimension on superficial layer upper berth, thickness is that the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plain of 0.2mm is as barrier film; Then select domestic carbon fibre twills CF3031 to carry out preform paving on the surface of barrier film according to [45/0/-45/90/0/90/90/0/90/-45/0/45] s ply stacking-sequence to cover.
Complete preform paving cover after, surface repaves the barrier film covering an equivalent specifications thereon, form a weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge, utilize vacuum bag to complete the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing of combination, and connect vacuum passage.
Connect resin injection-tube road, wherein resin inlet leads directly to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, arranges resin flows export at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing with flow distributor symmetry, to form the flowing of resin at perform manufacturing thickness direction; Vacuumize and suck liquid condition shaping High temp. epoxy resins, until after preform infiltrated completely by resin, complete solidification according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite material flat plate product.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt vacuum-bag process method of the present invention to prepare composite material flat plate product, the metallic fiber diameter of the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor superficial layer selected is 0.2mm, and order number is 500 orders, and thickness is 0.4mm; The metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 0.5mm, and order number is 100 orders, and thickness is 1mm.
The selected supporting layer of metal net resin flows distributor and the profile of flat plate mold are fitted, adopt and with the dull and stereotyped frock of size, pressure is applied to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor with die face, it is made to fit tightly in die surface, pressurization scope is 1.5MPa, retention time is 4h, completes the excipient of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor.
To cover an equidimension on superficial layer upper berth after the superficial layer smearing release agent of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, thickness be the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) twill of 0.3mm as barrier film, then select domestic glass fabric SW280 on the surface of barrier film according to [45/0-45/90]
3sply stacking-sequence carries out preform paving and covers.
Complete preform paving cover after, surface repaves the barrier film covering an equivalent specifications thereon, form a weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge, utilize vacuum bag to complete the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing of combination, and connect vacuum passage.
Connect resin injection-tube road, wherein resin inlet leads directly to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, arranges resin flows export at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing with flow distributor symmetry, to form the flowing of resin at perform manufacturing thickness direction; Vacuumize and suck liquid condition shaping cyanate ester resin, until after preform infiltrated completely by resin, complete solidification according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite material flat plate product.
Embodiment 4:
Adopt vacuum-bag process method of the present invention to prepare compound material ball to face the wall and meditate plate product, the metallic fiber diameter of the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor superficial layer selected is 0.05mm, and order number is 400 orders, and thickness is 0.2mm; The metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 0.3mm, and order number is 80 orders, and thickness is 0.6mm.
After selected metal net resin flows distributor is carried out suitable cutting, splicing according to product profile characteristics, the profile of supporting layer and sphere wallboard mould is fitted, adopt, with the frock of die face male-female engagement, pressure is applied to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, it is made to fit tightly in die surface, pressurization scope is 2.5MPa, retention time is 6h, completes the excipient of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor.
To cover an equidimension on superficial layer upper berth after the superficial layer smearing release agent of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, thickness be the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) satin of 0.1mm as barrier film, then select domestic carbon fibre satin fabric CF3052 on the surface of barrier film according to [45/-45]
4sply stacking-sequence carries out preform paving and covers.
Complete preform paving cover after, surface repaves the barrier film covering an equivalent specifications thereon, form a weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge, utilize vacuum bag to complete the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing of combination, and connect vacuum passage.
Connect resin injection-tube road, wherein resin inlet leads directly to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, arranges resin flows export at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing with flow distributor symmetry, to form the flowing of resin at perform manufacturing thickness direction; Vacuumize and suck liquid condition shaping bimaleimide resin, until after preform infiltrated completely by resin, complete solidification according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite material flat plate product.
Claims (6)
1. a composite vacuum-bag process method, is characterized in that, adopts weaving metallic fibers net as resin flows distributor, completes the manufacture of composite product as follows:
A. weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor comprises two-layer or two-layer above metal mesh structure, and wherein one deck is superficial layer, and other layer is supporting layer; According to the version of product, weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor is carried out cutting, splicing, and the supporting layer of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor and die face are fitted;
B. complete after weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor and die face tentatively fit, adopt, with the frock of die face male-female engagement, pressure is applied to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, it is made to fit tightly in die surface, pressurization scope is 1 ~ 2.5MPa, retention time is 1h ~ 8h, completes the excipient of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor;
C. at the superficial layer smearing release agent of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor;
D. a barrier film is covered on the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor superficial layer upper berth of having smeared releasing agent, then the paving of perform manufacturing is carried out on the surface of barrier film, repave at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing completing paving and cover a barrier film, form a weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt at its edge sealing strip thoroughly to seal;
E. utilize vacuum bag to complete the weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing of combination, and connect vacuum passage;
F. resin injection-tube road is connected, wherein resin inlet leads directly to weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor, arrange resin flows at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing with flow distributor symmetry to export, to form the flowing of resin at perform manufacturing thickness direction;
G. vacuumize and suck liquid moulding resin, until after preform infiltrated completely by resin, complete solidification according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite product.
2. a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of described its metallic fiber of weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor adopts stainless steel fibre but is not limited to stainless steel fibre, and its structure is three-dimensional through hole structure.
3. a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described weaving metallic fibers net resin flows distributor is at least 2 layers of metal mesh structure, comprise 1 layer of superficial layer and 1 layer of supporting layer, wherein the order number of superficial layer wire netting is greater than the order number of supporting layer wire netting.
4. a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described barrier film material is teflon cloth, and thickness is 0.01mm ~ 0.50mm; Its weaving form is plain or satin or twill.
5. a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described liquid condition shaping resin is middle temperature epoxy resin or High temp. epoxy resins or cyanate ester resin or benzoxazine colophony or bimaleimide resin.
6. a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, fibre reinforcement in described perform manufacturing can be the shuffling body of a kind of or above-mentioned fiber in glass fibre or carbon fiber or aramid fiber or basalt fibre or natural plant fibre, and its weaving form is one-way fabric or plain cloth or satin fabric or twills or non-woven fabrics or without latitude cloth or non-flexing fabric.
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| CN103213285B (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2015-08-05 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of forming method of variable cross-section enclosed cavity composite material element |
| CN103273662B (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2016-03-30 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | The preparation method of low-thermal-expansion carbon fiber enhancement resin base composite material mould |
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| CN104070685B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2017-03-29 | 江苏恒神股份有限公司 | The manufacture method of the high-strength ventilation shaft tee T of light weight |
| EP3115184B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2018-09-12 | Airbus Operations GmbH | Improved method for vacuum bagging |
| CN106398078A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | High-strength filter material wave tube used for saline and alkaline land, and production method thereof |
| CN107487034B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2020-05-08 | 范晓宇 | Lightning protection metal mesh composite film and preparation method thereof |
| CN110978215B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-04-20 | 湖南中设新材料有限公司 | Composite new material production equipment |
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