CN102990944A - Composite material vacuum bag forming method - Google Patents
Composite material vacuum bag forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102990944A CN102990944A CN2012104652734A CN201210465273A CN102990944A CN 102990944 A CN102990944 A CN 102990944A CN 2012104652734 A CN2012104652734 A CN 2012104652734A CN 201210465273 A CN201210465273 A CN 201210465273A CN 102990944 A CN102990944 A CN 102990944A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of resin group composite material liquid moulding manufacture, and relates to a composite material vacuum bag forming method. According to the composite material vacuum bag forming method provided by the invention, a multilayer metal fiber mesh grid can be used as a rigid resin flow distributor, and technologic advantages such as resin film impregnation molding (RFI), vacuum auxiliary resin impregnation molding (VARI) and vacuum bag autoclave molding (Autoclave) are combined; the composite material vacuum bag forming method can be used for effectively promoting resin to flow along the thickness direction of a fiber perform body so as to guarantee the structural support of the preform body, and overcoming the disadvantages that a large-area composite material liquid moulding workpiece brought by the flexible distributor is low in superficial dimension precision and poor in thickness uniformity at present; and the moulding efficiency and dimensional accuracy of the composite material workpiece are improved, and a more rapid, more flexible and low-cost liquid molding technical scheme for manufacturing a high-performance composite material structure piece is provided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to polymer matrix composites liquid condition shaping manufacturing technology field, relate to a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method.
Background technology
Resin molding infiltration moulding (RFI) technology is a kind of vacuum-bag process technology of utilizing the composite product of one-side mould (hereinafter to be referred as " half module "), it is placed on resin molding and strengthens the fabric preform below, adopt vacuum bag formation parital vacuum and bag Pressure Field to realize that resin flows and dipping along the short distance of preform thickness direction, is suitable for the moulding of large-scale wallboard class composite product.But the RFI moulding needs the matrix resin of specific midium-viscosity, and it is prepared into the glued membrane form.
With regard to using half module and vacuum bag, traditional autoclave molding (Autoclave) is very similar with the RFI forming technique, only autoclave molding has used the prepreg of pre-soaked resin, when moulding, directly heat, cure under pressure, that is to say, autoclave molding needs prepreg preparation and two steps of composite material forming, but the manufacturing cost of autoclave forming process is higher.
Vacuum-bag process technology (VBI) general reference is used the technology of vacuum-bag process, except resin molding infiltration moulding (RFI) technology, also comprises vacuum assisted resin infiltration moulding (VARI) technology etc., all belongs to the half module forming technique.And the VBI forming technique uses the perform manufacturing of dry state mostly, does not have the processing step that strengthens the fabric pre-soaked resin, therefore, during the VBI moulding, must use than low-viscosity, runny special liquid moulding resin.
Because the specific (special) requirements to resin flows and dipping, in the various technology of VBI moulding, usually all specially lay flow distribution medium or the distributor of one deck flexibility on the surface of composite precast fabric, its effect is the rapid flow passage that (X, Y-direction) forms resin in the face parallel with the prefabricated fabric contact, promotes resin flowing and dipping at perform manufacturing thickness direction (Z-direction).Facts have proved, this mobile expedite is very obvious with the effect of preform thickness direction impregnating speed for flowing in the raising face.But the resin flows distributor of this flexibility is generally the network of thermoplastic resin preparation, and temperature resistant grade is usually lower, is easy to be subjected to heat damage in composite material shaping process, thereby has limited the forming temperature grade of composite.In addition, the network of this thermoplastic resin preparation, its self-supporting ability is relatively poor, the surface size precision is relatively poor, can cause composite material surface after the moulding to occur significantly uneven, even affects overall dimensional accuracy and the internal soundness of composite product.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method of higher forming temperature grade, product dimensional accuracy and the internal soundness that has.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to adopt the metallic fiber mesh grid as the resin flows distributor, finishes as follows the manufacturing of composite product:
A. metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor comprises two-layer or two-layer above metal mesh structure, and wherein one deck is superficial layer, and other layer is supporting layer.According to the version of product, metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor is cut, splices, and supporting layer and the die face of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor are fitted.
B. finish after the preliminary applying of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor and die face, adopt and with the concavo-convex frock that cooperates of die face metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor is exerted pressure, it is fitted tightly in die surface, the pressurization scope is 1 ~ 2.5MPa, retention time is 1h ~ 8h, finishes the excipient of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor;
C. at the superficial layer smearing release agent of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor;
D. cover a barrier film on the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor superficial layer upper berth of having smeared releasing agent, then carry out the paving of perform manufacturing on the surface of barrier film, repave at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing of finishing paving and to cover a barrier film, form a metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge;
E. utilize vacuum bag will finish the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film of combination/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing, and connect vacuum passage;
F. connect resin injection-tube road, wherein the resin entrance leads directly to metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor, at the upper surface with the perform manufacturing of flow distributor symmetry the resin flows outlet is set, to form resin flowing at the perform manufacturing thickness direction;
G. vacuumize and suck liquid moulding resin, until after preform infiltrated fully by resin, finish curing according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite product.
The material of described its metallic fiber of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor adopts stainless steel fibre but is not limited to stainless steel fibre, and its structure is three-dimensional through-hole structure.
Described metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor is at least 2 layers of metal mesh structure, comprises 1 layer of superficial layer and 1 layer of supporting layer, and wherein superficial layer order number is greater than supporting layer order number.
Described barrier film material is teflon cloth, and thickness is 0.01mm ~ 0.50mm; Its weaving form is plain or satin or twill;
Described liquid condition shaping resin is middle temperature epoxy resin or High temp. epoxy resins or cyanate ester resin or benzimidazole dihydrochloride resin or bimaleimide resin.
Fibre reinforcement in the described perform manufacturing can be the shuffling body of a kind of or above-mentioned fiber in glass fibre or carbon fiber or aramid fiber or basalt fibre or the natural plant fibre, and its weaving form is one-way fabric or plain cloth or satin fabric or twills or nonwoven or without latitude cloth or non-flexing fabric.
Advantage of the present invention is to have adopted a kind of resin flows distributor of metal porous structure to promote resin flows, thereby merged the advantage of resin molding infiltration moulding (RFI), vacuum assisted resin infiltration moulding (VARI), vacuum bag autoclave molding (Autoclave) technology, effectively promote flowing of resin, improved efficient and the quality of mold filling.The present invention adopts the multiple layer metal fiber knitted net of rigidity as the resin flows distributor, can overcome the shortcoming that large tracts of land composite liquid condition shaping product surface size precision is low, thickness evenness is relatively poor that present flexible distributor brings, improve the shape of product, the stability of size, and internal soundness.And owing to can MULTILAYER COMPOSITE design and preparation, metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor can possess the very high rigidity of structure and not lose again three-dimensional porous and certain flexible characteristic of structure.So distributor is the part of mould rigid profile, play again the effect of flowing and promoting.Metallic fiber mesh grid temperature resistant grade is higher, not only can bear the technological temperature of composite material forming, even can stand various cold working and hot-working, can be shaped as various possible shapes, gives Design of Dies the great free degree.This technology namely can satisfy the composite autoclave molding, also can satisfy the technological requirement of various VBI liquid condition shapings, and a kind of generalization of high-performance composite materials structural member, quicker (short flow process), more flexible (allowing to use relatively full-bodied resin system), forming technique scheme cheaply are provided.
The specific embodiment
The below is described in further details the present invention.
Adopt the metallic fiber mesh grid as the resin flows distributor, metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor comprises two-layer or two-layer above metal mesh structure, and wherein one deck is superficial layer, and other layer is supporting layer.The structure of resin flows distributor sees Chinese patent " a kind of metal net resin flows distributor for composite material forming " for details (ZL201020597767.4), finishes the manufacturing of composite product as follows.
A kind of composite vacuum-bag process method, its technical scheme is as follows:
A. the metallic fiber diameter of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor superficial layer is 0.02mm ~ 0.5mm, and the order number is 30 orders ~ 500 orders, and thickness is 0.02mm ~ 1mm; Other layer is supporting layer, and the metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 0.1mm ~ 3mm, and the order number is 10 orders ~ 100 orders, and thickness is 0.02mm ~ 1mm;
B. the supporting layer of metal net resin flows distributor and the die face of half module are fitted, change less profile for profile, as: flat-type product and single-curvature profile product, can utilize the deformability of metal net itself to realize the profile applying; The profile large for height change, that surface texture is complicated, such as hyperbolicity profile product, can carry out suitable machine cuts to metal net after, carry out the applying that the die joint splicing realizes itself and die face.
C. finish after the preliminary applying of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor and die face, adopt and with the concavo-convex frock that cooperates of die face metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor is exerted pressure, it is fitted tightly in die surface, the pressurization scope is 1 ~ 2.5MPa, retention time is 1h ~ 8h, finishes the excipient of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor;
D. at the superficial layer smearing release agent of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor;
E. cover a barrier film on the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor superficial layer upper berth of having smeared releasing agent, then carry out the paving of perform manufacturing on the surface of barrier film, repave at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing of finishing paving and to cover a barrier film, form a metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge;
F. utilize vacuum bag will finish the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film of combination/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing, and connect vacuum passage;
G. connect resin injection-tube road, wherein the resin entrance leads directly to metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor, at the upper surface with the perform manufacturing of flow distributor symmetry the resin flows outlet is set, to form resin flowing at the perform manufacturing thickness direction;
H. vacuumize and suck liquid moulding resin, until after preform infiltrated fully by resin, finish curing according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite product.
I. below by embodiment the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt vacuum-bag process method of the present invention to prepare the composite material flat plate product, the metallic fiber diameter of the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor superficial layer of selecting is 0.1mm, and the order number is 300 orders, and thickness is 0.5mm; The metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 1mm, and the order number is 50 orders, and thickness is 1mm.
The supporting layer of selected metal net resin flows distributor and the profile of flat plate mold are fitted, the unidimensional dull and stereotyped frock of employing and die face is exerted pressure to metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor, it is fitted tightly in die surface, the pressurization scope is 1MPa, retention time is 2h, finishes the excipient of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor.
Behind the superficial layer smearing release agent of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor, cover an equidimension on the superficial layer upper berth, thickness be the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) satin of 0.5mm as barrier film, then select T700 carbon fiber one-way fabric U7192 on the surface of barrier film according to [45/0-45/90]
3sLaying is sequentially carried out the preform shop and is covered.
Finish preform spread cover after, the surface repaves and covers one with the barrier film of equal-specification thereon, form a metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge, utilize vacuum bag will finish the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film of combination/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing, and connect vacuum passage.
Connect resin injection-tube road, the straight-through metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor of resin entrance wherein arranges the resin flows outlet at the upper surface with the perform manufacturing of flow distributor symmetry, to form resin flowing at the perform manufacturing thickness direction; Vacuumize and suck liquid condition shaping with in the temperature epoxy resin, until after preform infiltrated fully by resin, finish curing according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains the composite material flat plate product.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt vacuum-bag process method of the present invention to prepare the U-shaped beam product of composite, the metallic fiber diameter of selected metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor superficial layer is 0.05mm, and the order number is 400 orders, and thickness is 0.2mm; The metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 0.1mm, and the order number is 80 orders, and thickness is 0.5mm.
The supporting layer of selected metal net resin flows distributor and the die face of half module are fitted, and employing is exerted pressure to metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor with the concavo-convex frock that cooperates of die face, it is fitted tightly in die surface, the pressurization scope is 2MPa, retention time is 3h, finishes the excipient of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor.
Cover an equidimension behind the superficial layer smearing release agent of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor on the superficial layer upper berth, thickness is that the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plain of 0.2mm is as barrier film; Then selecting domestic carbon fibre twills CF3031 sequentially to carry out the preform shop on the surface of barrier film according to [45/0/-45/90/0/90/90/0/90/-45/0/45] s laying covers.
Finish preform spread cover after, the surface repaves and covers one with the barrier film of equal-specification thereon, form a metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge, utilize vacuum bag will finish the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film of combination/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing, and connect vacuum passage.
Connect resin injection-tube road, the straight-through metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor of resin entrance wherein arranges the resin flows outlet at the upper surface with the perform manufacturing of flow distributor symmetry, to form resin flowing at the perform manufacturing thickness direction; Vacuumize and suck the liquid condition shaping High temp. epoxy resins, until after preform infiltrated fully by resin, finish curing according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains the composite material flat plate product.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt vacuum-bag process method of the present invention to prepare the composite material flat plate product, the metallic fiber diameter of the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor superficial layer of selecting is 0.2mm, and the order number is 500 orders, and thickness is 0.4mm; The metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 0.5mm, and the order number is 100 orders, and thickness is 1mm.
The supporting layer of selected metal net resin flows distributor and the profile of flat plate mold are fitted, the unidimensional dull and stereotyped frock of employing and die face is exerted pressure to metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor, it is fitted tightly in die surface, the pressurization scope is 1.5MPa, retention time is 4h, finishes the excipient of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor.
Behind the superficial layer smearing release agent of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor, cover an equidimension on the superficial layer upper berth, thickness be the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) twill of 0.3mm as barrier film, then select domestic glass fabric SW280 on the surface of barrier film according to [45/0-45/90]
3sLaying is sequentially carried out the preform shop and is covered.
Finish preform spread cover after, the surface repaves and covers one with the barrier film of equal-specification thereon, form a metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge, utilize vacuum bag will finish the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film of combination/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing, and connect vacuum passage.
Connect resin injection-tube road, the straight-through metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor of resin entrance wherein arranges the resin flows outlet at the upper surface with the perform manufacturing of flow distributor symmetry, to form resin flowing at the perform manufacturing thickness direction; Vacuumize and suck the liquid condition shaping cyanate ester resin, until after preform infiltrated fully by resin, finish curing according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains the composite material flat plate product.
Embodiment 4:
Adopt vacuum-bag process method of the present invention to prepare the compound material ball plate product of facing the wall and meditating, the metallic fiber diameter of the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor superficial layer of selecting is 0.05mm, and the order number is 400 orders, and thickness is 0.2mm; The metallic fiber diameter of supporting layer is 0.3mm, and the order number is 80 orders, and thickness is 0.6mm.
With selected metal net resin flows distributor according to product profile characteristics carry out suitable cutting, the splicing after, the profile of supporting layer and sphere wallboard mould is fitted, adopt and with the concavo-convex frock that cooperates of die face metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor is exerted pressure, it is fitted tightly in die surface, the pressurization scope is 2.5MPa, retention time is 6h, finishes the excipient of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor.
Behind the superficial layer smearing release agent of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor, cover an equidimension on the superficial layer upper berth, thickness be the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) satin of 0.1mm as barrier film, then select domestic carbon fibre satin fabric CF3052 on the surface of barrier film according to [45/-45]
4sLaying is sequentially carried out the preform shop and is covered.
Finish preform spread cover after, the surface repaves and covers one with the barrier film of equal-specification thereon, form a metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge, utilize vacuum bag will finish the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film of combination/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing, and connect vacuum passage.
Connect resin injection-tube road, the straight-through metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor of resin entrance wherein arranges the resin flows outlet at the upper surface with the perform manufacturing of flow distributor symmetry, to form resin flowing at the perform manufacturing thickness direction; Vacuumize and suck the liquid condition shaping bimaleimide resin, until after preform infiltrated fully by resin, finish curing according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains the composite material flat plate product.
Claims (6)
1. a composite vacuum-bag process method is characterized in that, adopts the metallic fiber mesh grid as the resin flows distributor, finishes as follows the manufacturing of composite product:
A. metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor comprises two-layer or two-layer above metal mesh structure, and wherein one deck is superficial layer, and other layer is supporting layer; According to the version of product, metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor is cut, splices, and supporting layer and the die face of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor are fitted;
B. finish after the preliminary applying of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor and die face, adopt and with the concavo-convex frock that cooperates of die face metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor is exerted pressure, it is fitted tightly in die surface, the pressurization scope is 1 ~ 2.5MPa, retention time is 1h ~ 8h, finishes the excipient of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor;
C. at the superficial layer smearing release agent of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor;
D. cover a barrier film on the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor superficial layer upper berth of having smeared releasing agent, then carry out the paving of perform manufacturing on the surface of barrier film, repave at the upper surface of the perform manufacturing of finishing paving and to cover a barrier film, form a metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system, adopt sealing strip thoroughly to seal at its edge;
E. utilize vacuum bag will finish the metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor/barrier film of combination/perform manufacturing/separating film layer assembly system sealing, and connect vacuum passage;
F. connect resin injection-tube road, wherein the resin entrance leads directly to metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor, at the upper surface with the perform manufacturing of flow distributor symmetry the resin flows outlet is set, to form resin flowing at the perform manufacturing thickness direction;
G. vacuumize and suck liquid moulding resin, until after preform infiltrated fully by resin, finish curing according to the curing process of selected resin system, the demoulding obtains composite product.
2. a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of described its metallic fiber of metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor adopts stainless steel fibre but is not limited to stainless steel fibre, and its structure is three-dimensional through-hole structure.
3. a kind of unitized composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described metallic fiber mesh grid resin flows distributor is at least 2 layers of metal mesh structure, comprises 1 layer of superficial layer and 1 layer of supporting layer, and wherein superficial layer order number is greater than supporting layer order number.
4. a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described barrier film material is teflon cloth, and thickness is 0.01mm ~ 0.50mm; Its weaving form is plain or satin or twill.
5. a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described liquid condition shaping resin is middle temperature epoxy resin or High temp. epoxy resins or cyanate ester resin or benzimidazole dihydrochloride resin or bimaleimide resin.
6. a kind of composite vacuum-bag process method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, fibre reinforcement in the described perform manufacturing can be the shuffling body of a kind of or above-mentioned fiber in glass fibre or carbon fiber or aramid fiber or basalt fibre or the natural plant fibre, and its weaving form is one-way fabric or plain cloth or satin fabric or twills or nonwoven or without latitude cloth or non-flexing fabric.
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| CN106335191A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-01-18 | 空中客车运营有限公司 | Improved method and system for vacuum bagging |
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| CN106335191B (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2019-12-13 | 空中客车运营有限公司 | Improved method and system for vacuum bagging |
| CN106398078A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | High-strength filter material wave tube used for saline and alkaline land, and production method thereof |
| CN107487034A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-19 | 熊秀 | A kind of lightning protection wire netting composite membrane and preparation method thereof |
| CN107487034B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2020-05-08 | 范晓宇 | Lightning protection metal mesh composite film and preparation method thereof |
| CN110978215A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 彭发远 | Composite new material production equipment |
| CN110978215B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-04-20 | 湖南中设新材料有限公司 | Composite new material production equipment |
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