Summary of the invention
Therefore, task of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacture craft of polycrystalline diamond ball head knife, and it can accurately process the ball head knife that meets required precision, and especially can save numerically control grinder and come the needs of sharpening blade.
In a scheme of the present invention, provide a kind of making to process the technique of the polycrystalline diamond ball head knife of groove for workpiece.This polycrystalline diamond ball head knife comprises metal cutter hub and circular-arc polycrystalline diamond blade, this cutter hub has the knife bar extending along the centre of gyration line of this ball head knife and is positioned at the ball head on knife bar one end, and this ball head is provided with for described blade and is fixed on cutter groove wherein.This manufacture craft comprises the steps: to provide polycrystalline diamond blade base; Bring the tolerance range of selecting the upper deviation of this blade radial dimension and lower deviation and being limited by this upper deviation and lower deviation according to the tolerance of wanting the processed desirable upper deviation of groove and lower deviation and is limited by this upper deviation and lower deviation; The selected upper deviation, lower deviation and tolerance based on blade radial dimension are brought sharpening blade, described blade falls in 30% tolerance range subinterval taking this blade radial dimension upper deviation as an end points, that account for this blade radial dimension tolerance range size along the radial dimension tolerance of described centre of gyration line direction, and described blade is along falling into transverse to the radial dimension tolerance of described centre of gyration line direction in 30% tolerance range subinterval taking this blade radial dimension lower deviation as an end points, that account for this blade radial dimension tolerance range size; Shape described knife bar and ball head; Process described cutter groove; The good blade of sharpening is fixed in described cutter groove.
Preferably, described cutter groove is roughly parallel to described centre of gyration line extension.
Further preferably, described blade falls in 10% tolerance range subinterval taking this blade radial dimension upper deviation as an end points, that account for this blade radial dimension tolerance range size along the radial dimension tolerance of described centre of gyration line direction, and described blade is along falling into transverse to the radial dimension tolerance of described centre of gyration line direction in 10% tolerance range subinterval taking this blade radial dimension lower deviation as an end points, that account for this blade radial dimension tolerance range size.
During by control Sharpening a knife blade like this, can control well blade precision along centre of gyration line direction with for example, transverse to the party's radial dimension (radius) upwards, especially can reduce and even eliminate the center deviator of the blade that is easy to appearance when ball head knife is made and the impact of axial inclination.
According to further embodiment, the size of the tolerance range of described blade radial dimension is the big or small 40%-60% of described groove tolerance range.
More preferably, the upper deviation of described blade radial dimension is greater than the described groove upper deviation, and the difference of the upper deviation of described blade radial dimension and the described groove upper deviation is the 20-30% of described blade radial dimension tolerance range size.
According to further preferred embodiment, described processing cutter groove step comprises that the slow wire feeding clamping machine tool knife bar by having axis of rotation processes.
According to one embodiment of the invention, before the step that the good blade of sharpening is fixed to described cutter groove, also comprise and select the blade with suitable thickness with control centre's deviator, this center deviator is defined with respect to the spacing of its theoretical position by the physical location of the rake face of described blade.
More preferably, also comprise the integrality that checks polycrystalline diamond blade cutting edge.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, described in provide polycrystalline diamond blade base step to comprise to cut out polycrystalline diamond blade base.
Preferably, described in machine-shaping, knife bar and ball head step comprise centre bore and the grinding-shaping ball head of knife bar described in the profile, heat treatment of the blanking of cutter hub base, machining knife bar, machining knife bar.
According to a preferred embodiment, describedly the good blade of sharpening is fixed to step in described cutter groove comprises by welding or be adhesively fixed this blade.
Detailed description of the invention
Description is described specific embodiments of the invention, and embodies thus thought of the present invention.Accompanying drawing presents the multiple configuration according to ball head knife of the present invention, and accompanying drawing accurately draws by size, and some feature can be exaggerated, remove or part dissects to illustrate better and explain the disclosure of invention.In addition the description below carried out by reference to the accompanying drawings, is not intended to be exclusive or with other means, claims to be limited to or to be confined to shown in accompanying drawing and describe disclosed precision architecture in detail below.
A kind of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) ball head knife of the present invention manufacture craft, the structure of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) ball head knife is as figure below:
Fig. 1 shows a kind of front view of polycrystalline diamond ball head knife, and Fig. 2 is the cutaway view intercepting along Fig. 1 center line A-A.As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, this polycrystalline diamond ball head knife is made up of circular-arc polycrystalline diamond (PCD) blade 1 and metal knife bar 2, and PCD blade 1 welds or is bonded in the cutter groove on knife bar 2 bulbs, 0 ° of anterior angle, and relief angle is approximately 20 °.When processing work, this ball head knife, around the centre of gyration line O-O of knife bar 2 revolution, forms the ball recess that a radius is R on work piece.This metal cutter hub has the knife bar extending along the centre of gyration line of this ball head knife and is positioned at the ball head on knife bar one end as shown in the figure, and this ball head is provided with for described blade and is fixed on cutter groove wherein.Particularly as shown in Figure 2, described cutter groove is parallel to described centre of gyration line extension.It should be noted that, only show a kind of example of polycrystalline diamond ball head knife here, but also can be for making the ball head knife with other dimensional parameters according to preparation method of the present invention.
Illustrate according to manufacture craft of the present invention as an example of the polycrystalline diamond ball head knife shown in Fig. 1 and 2 example below.An exemplary scheme comprises following process route:
A., polycrystalline diamond blade base is provided;
B. bring according to the tolerance of wanting the processed desired upper deviation having of ball recess and lower deviation and is limited by this upper deviation and lower deviation the tolerance range of selecting the upper deviation of this blade radial dimension and lower deviation and being limited by this upper deviation and lower deviation;
C. the upper deviation, lower deviation and the tolerance of the blade radial dimension based on selected are brought sharpening blade;
D. shape described knife bar and ball head;
E. process described cutter groove;
F. the good blade of sharpening is fixed in described cutter groove;
G. check described polycrystalline diamond blade.
Polycrystalline diamond of the present invention (PCD) ball head knife manufacture craft especially also can be suitable for the environment without numerical control diamond grinders' dop.But especially, in the situation that processing by interpolation without numerical control diamond grinders' dop, the precision of ball head knife is particularly to induce one to be concerned about.The inventor accordingly by the solution of the present invention with in the situation that saving numerical control diamond grinders' dop and carrying out sharpening blade, still can accurately process the ball head knife that meets required precision.Particularly, the inventor finds to affect some influence factors of PCD ball head knife, and the impact that provides solution to reduce and overcome these factors, to improve the precision of ball head knife.Below, some influence factors of ball head knife precision are described in connection with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 4 A and 4B, wherein show the cutter head cross-sectional view of ball head knife.Wherein, in ball head, for example cut out in the step of cutter groove by lathe line, and by 1 solid welding of PCD blade or be bonded in the step in cutter groove, may cause the physical location of the rake face of blade to depart from its theoretical position, this axial spacing departing from is defined as center deviator in the present invention.Particularly, as shown in Figure 4 A, the theoretical position of blade rake face should (in other words on the theoretical center face of the cutter centre of gyration) extend on the radius in the ball head cross section perpendicular to the centre of gyration.And due to the impact that cutter groove is processed and for example blade is welded and fixed, the physical location of blade rake face may depart from the radius of ball head, thereby causes center deviator.
And as shown in Fig. 4 A and 4B, can understand, after having center deviator H, the Maximum turning radius of ball head knife will become greatly, will be particularly R1, wherein
.The shaping track being now rotarily formed is no longer round, but Maximum turning radius becomes large ellipse, and oval major axis is R1, and minor axis is R, as shown in Figure 5.And this oval major axis equals R1-R with the difference of theoretical circle.Like this in the time checking the forming face in the groove of workpiece to be machined by standard ball, just have standard ball and do not reach the phenomenon of bottom surface.Note: be shown as the center deviator below theoretical median plane in Fig. 4 B, but center deviator above theoretical median plane still can cause Maximum turning radius to become large similarly.
Refer now to Fig. 6, wherein shown the axial inclination σ being limited with respect to described centre of gyration line bearing of trend by the bearing of trend of this blade.Similarly, in ball head, cut out in the step of cutter groove by lathe line, and by 1 solid welding of PCD blade or be bonded in the step in cutter groove, the bearing of trend of blade may be inclined to centre of gyration line (in theory should along centre of gyration line extend), has caused the axial inclination of blade at this.And due to the impact of axial inclination, PCD blade shaft to the projection (be also axial processing length) of length L on trunnion axis just become L1, L1=L*cos σ, thus L1 < L.And theoretical axially processing length equates with the axial length of blade, be L (L=2R in ball head knife), the shaping track being now rotarily formed is no longer round, but the ellipse that axially processing length reduces, as shown in Figure 7.In the time checking the forming face in the groove of workpiece to be machined by standard ball, have equally standard ball and do not reach the phenomenon of ball recess bottom surface
And due to the existence of above-mentioned both factors, can cause the groove of the machine-shaping of ball head knife to present to be that Maximum turning radius becomes is large, and the situation that axially processing length diminishes, thus ellipsoid as shown in Figure 8 can be shown.And, when center deviator and axial inclination all can cause standard ball to check forming face, do not reach the phenomenon of ball recess bottom surface.
Refer now to Fig. 3, the impact in order to reduce or eliminate above-mentioned two factors is described, means of the present invention.It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that the size and shape of the radial dimension (for example) of the circular arc of PCD blade 1 in ball head knife, the basic size to ball recess in workpiece to be machined and shape are basic equate (tolerance are different).
As mentioned above, in the solution of the present invention, bring the tolerance range of selecting the upper deviation of this blade radial dimension and lower deviation and being limited by this upper deviation and lower deviation according to the tolerance of wanting the processed desired upper deviation having of ball recess and lower deviation and is limited by this upper deviation and lower deviation.
As shown in Figure 3, the tolerance range of the radial dimension that E is groove, the upper deviation that E1 is groove, the lower deviation that E2 is groove; D is the tolerance range of the radial dimension (in this case radius R) of blade, and D1 is the upper deviation, and D2 is lower deviation.Preferably, in the time selecting blade tolerance, the size of getting the tolerance range of described blade radial dimension is the big or small 40%-60% of described groove tolerance range, and more preferably the dimensional tolerance of blade size is the half of groove size tolerance values, i.e. D=E/2.As shown in the figure, the upper deviation of described blade radial dimension is greater than the described groove upper deviation, and the difference G of the upper deviation of described blade radial dimension and the described groove upper deviation is the 20-30% of described blade radial dimension tolerance range size.Be more preferably G=D1-E1=D/4, can ensure well like this dimensional accuracy that processes workpiece.
In manufacture craft according to the present invention, in order to reduce or eliminate the impact of above-mentioned center deviator and axial inclination factor, conventionally make the tolerance of the radial dimension of blade, in centre of gyration line O-O direction relatively close to the upper deviation, it is upper 50% part in blade tolerance range, and on perpendicular to the centre of gyration line O-O direction lower deviation relatively, that is to say lower 50% part in blade tolerance range.More specifically, described blade falls in 30% tolerance range subinterval taking this blade radial dimension upper deviation as an end points, that account for this blade radial dimension tolerance range size along the radial dimension tolerance of described centre of gyration line direction, in tolerance range 70% position to the interval between the upper deviation; Described blade is along falling into transverse to the radial dimension tolerance of described centre of gyration line direction in 30% tolerance range subinterval taking this blade radial dimension lower deviation as an end points, that account for this blade radial dimension tolerance range size, and lower deviation is to the interval of 30% position in tolerance range.More preferably, described blade falls in 10% tolerance range subinterval taking this blade radial dimension upper deviation as an end points, that account for this blade radial dimension tolerance range size along the radial dimension tolerance of described centre of gyration line direction; Described blade is along falling into transverse to the radial dimension tolerance of described centre of gyration line direction in 10% tolerance range subinterval taking this blade radial dimension lower deviation as an end points, that account for this blade radial dimension tolerance range size.
By such setting, it is little that the machined surface of circular arc blade cutting edge is presented on radius of gyration direction ratio R on microcosmic, and will be larger than L (2R) at the radial dimension along this blade of centre of gyration line direction, thereby the impact of having offset at least partly above-mentioned center deviator and axial inclination.The dimensional accuracy of controlling circular-arc blade by the present invention has ensured the final size of ball head knife, can ensure well the size and dimension precision of component shaping processing.
In the time of mill PCD blade 1 circular arc R, can control according to above-mentioned size and tolerance.
In addition, the present invention also provides other impact that further method reduces or offset center deviator and axial inclination.For example enter row processing tool groove by the slow wire feeding clamping machine tool knife bar with axis of rotation, this lathe can more accurately be located the centre of gyration of knife bar, and can process the cutter groove size that dimensional accuracy is very high.For example screen blade, select blade and the cutter groove that thickness is suitable to match, to reach further control centre deviator.In addition, for example, in the time of welding blade, after weld tabs fusing, note descending equably pushing broach, make blade bottom and cutter groove even contact, to ensure center deviator and axial inclination.
The control of center deviator and axial inclination is mainly cutting on line cutter bar 2 bulb upper knife grooves and PCD blade 1 is welded in knife bar 2 bulb upper knife grooves.
In addition, can also carry out a lot of improvement and/or restriction to above-mentioned technique of the present invention, for example, provide polycrystalline diamond blade base step to comprise described in and cut out polycrystalline diamond blade base.
According to schemes more of the present invention, shape centre bore (for example spark machined goes out centre bore and grinds this centre bore) and the grinding-shaping ball head of knife bar (for example quenching and tempering) as described in profile (as lathe car goes out its profile) that described knife bar and ball head comprise the blanking of cutter hub base, machining knife bar, heat treatment, machining knife bar.Further, can also be included in the chip removal chamfering that grinds ball head knife on knife bar 2.
Above-mentioned inspection polycrystalline diamond blade step is preferred steps, for example can comprise the one or more of following means: whether the center deviator that checks described blade meets the requirements and check whether the axial inclination being limited with respect to described centre of gyration line bearing of trend by the bearing of trend of this blade meets the requirements, and checks the integrality of this blade cutting edge.
Wherein check PCD blade 1 cutting edge, for example, can under 50 times of magnifying glasses, check, to confirm without any chipping phenomenon, ensure that cutting edge is level and smooth, to ensure workpiece to be machined surface quality.
By such scheme of the present invention, can accurately process the ball head knife that meets required precision, and especially can save numerically control grinder and come the needs of sharpening blade, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be further improved and convert such scheme, and these improvement that can have been done by those of ordinary skill in the art and conversion fall into appended claims and be equal to limited scope and spirit of the present invention.