CN102990201A - Welding device - Google Patents
Welding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102990201A CN102990201A CN2012103325839A CN201210332583A CN102990201A CN 102990201 A CN102990201 A CN 102990201A CN 2012103325839 A CN2012103325839 A CN 2012103325839A CN 201210332583 A CN201210332583 A CN 201210332583A CN 102990201 A CN102990201 A CN 102990201A
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Abstract
The invention provides a welding device, realizing stable growth of molten drops and stable generation of an electric arc. The welding device (100) comprises a power circuit (102) and a power control device (104). The power control device (104) controls the power circuit (102) in the following way that a high-level current is outputted within a first electric arc period (Ta1) at the early stage of an electric arc period after the short-circuit period; and an electric arc current corresponding to a welding voltage controlled by a constant voltage is outputted within a second electric arc period (Ta2) at the later stage of the electric arc period. In addition, the power control device (104) controls the power circuit (102) in the way that the high-level current is generated by superposing a waveform which is increased and decreased repeatedly on a vibration amplitude center current. Furthermore, the power control device (104) makes the vibration amplitude center current higher or lower in accordance with the reduction of the voltage difference between an average voltage (Va) and a rated voltage (Vr). In this way, under the condition that the rated voltage is changed, an increase of the difference between the average voltage and the rated voltage is rapidly eliminated, and the electric arc is kept stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welder, particularly relate to and carry out the welder that CO2 welding connects.
Background technology
In JP 4-4074 communique (patent documentation 1), disclose and between sacrificial electrode and mother metal, repeatedly carried out the consumption electrode type arc welding method that short circuit and electric arc produce.This consumption electrode type arc welding method carries out the forming process of molten drop and molten drop repeatedly to the transient process of mother metal.
Figure 13 is the figure that repeatedly carries out the consumption electrode type arc welding method of short circuit and electric arc generation for explanation.
With reference to Figure 13, in the consumption electrode type arc welding method that repeatedly carries out the generation of short circuit and electric arc, repeatedly carry out in order the process of (a)～(f) of following explanation.(a) the short circuit A-stage that contacts with the molten bath of molten drop, (b) the short circuit mid-term state of reliable molten drop to the molten bath transition thereby molten drop and contacting of molten bath become, (c) molten drop has produced the short circuit later stage state of necking down after the pool side transition in the molten drop between welding wire and molten bath, (d) short circuit becomes open circuit and has produced the state of electric arc, (e) electric arc of the front end melting of welding wire and molten drop growth produces state, (f) molten drop is grown and is about to and molten bath short circuit electric arc generation state before.
[patent documentation 1] JP JP 4-4074 communique
No. 4702375 specification of [patent documentation 2] JP patent
In the existing short circuiting arc welding shown in the JP JP 4-4074 communique, systematicness ground produces electric arc and short circuit.But, utilizing high electric current (diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm and the electric current that surpasses 200A) when welding by the CO2 welding connection, following in the droplet transfer of short circuit, because of electric arc counter-force molten drop at welding wire top protuberance (Ga り on the せ り), arc duration is extended and is difficult to produce periodic short circuit, can produce brokenly electric arc and short circuit.
Thus, if the cycle of short circuit and electric arc changes brokenly, then the droplet size during short circuit becomes uncertain, the uniformity variation of welding bead toe (bead toe) section.
In addition, because high electric current acts on excessive arc force to the molten bath in irregular position, therefore make the molten bath change greatly and it is vibrated brokenly, particularly press the molten bath to the opposition side of welding direction, thereby produce humping weld easily.
Particularly, in order to improve productivity, require speed of welding high, the deteriorated of welding quality that causes because of the impact of the problems referred to above in high-speed welding becomes remarkable.In addition, for speed of welding being made as at a high speed, need to accelerate welding wire feeding speed with the deposited amount of the unit of obtaining.Follow in this, have the relation that welding current uprises.
In addition, welder has when having set electric current or welding wire feeding speed mostly, can automatically determine to recommend the function of voltage (being also referred to as monobasic voltage).With respect to this, also having much is that the operator is set as weldingvoltage and is different from the voltage of recommending voltage when observing the result of welding.But extreme ground rises or decline with respect to recommending voltage if make setting voltage, and then electric arc becomes unstable easily.
In addition, the difference of average voltage and setting voltage is temporary transient when having changed setting voltage etc. becomes when large, and it is unstable that electric arc also becomes easily.The difference of average voltage and setting voltage refers to greatly, even change setting, average voltage (output voltage or arc length) can correspondingly not change, and expression is difficult to adjust welding condition.At this moment, be to be difficult to management input heat or weld bead shape by adjusting setting voltage.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the welder of the generation of a kind of growth that can realize stable molten drop and stable electric arc.
Generally, the present invention be by use carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the CO2 welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect the welder that method is welded, possess: be used for to the power circuit that voltage is provided between welding torch and the mother metal; Control part with the voltage of controlling power circuit.Control part is controlled power circuit in the following manner: export high level of current in the 1st arc period at the initial stage of the arc period of following after during short circuit, the output arc current corresponding with the weldingvoltage of being controlled by constant voltage in the 2nd arc period in later stage of arc period.The waveform that control part also increases and decreases repeatedly according to superposeing at amplitude center electric current produces the mode of high level of current and controls power circuit.The mode that control part also reduces according to the voltage difference between the voltage setting value of the mean value of weldingvoltage and weldingvoltage makes the electric current increase and decrease of amplitude center.
Other aspects of the present invention be by use carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the CO2 welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect the welder that method is welded, possess: be used for to the power circuit that voltage is provided between welding torch and the mother metal; Control part with the voltage of controlling power circuit.Control part is controlled power circuit in the following manner: export high level of current in the 1st arc period at the initial stage of the arc period of following after during short circuit, the output arc current corresponding with the weldingvoltage of being controlled by constant voltage in the 2nd arc period in later stage of arc period.The waveform that control part also increases and decreases repeatedly according to superposeing at amplitude center electric current produces the mode of high level of current and controls power circuit.The mode that control part also reduces according to the difference between the voltage setting value of the mean value of weldingvoltage and weldingvoltage makes the increase and decrease of the 1st arc period.
Another aspect of the present invention be by use carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the CO2 welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect the welder that method is welded, possess: power circuit, it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; And control part, the voltage of its control power circuit.Control part is controlled described power circuit in the following manner: export high level of current in the 1st arc period at the initial stage of the arc period of following after during short circuit, the output arc current corresponding with the weldingvoltage of being controlled by constant voltage in the 2nd arc period in later stage of arc period.The waveform that control part also increases and decreases repeatedly according to superposeing at amplitude center electric current produces the mode of high level of current and controls power circuit.Control part is when also the difference between the voltage setting value of the mean value of weldingvoltage and weldingvoltage is the 1st scope, make the electric current increase and decrease of amplitude center according to voltage difference, be when being different from the 2nd scope of the 1st scope in voltage difference, increase and decrease according to voltage official post the 1st arc period.
Preferred wave shape form is triangular wave or sine wave.
Preferred control part detects in during short circuit in the situation of necking down of molten drop, and the necking down that reduces short circuit current detects control.
(invention effect)
According to the present invention, connect in the method at CO2 welding, by coming output current in the stack of the electric current at arc period initial stage with the waveform that the amplitude of the size of certain frequency and suitable molten drop increases and decreases, thereby can realize stable molten drop growth.Thus, unwanted short circuit can be do not produced in the electric arc starting stage, high welding stability can be accessed.In addition, changed at the recommendation voltage that sets according to welder in the situation such as setting voltage, the difference that can eliminate rapidly average voltage and setting voltage becomes large, can prevent that electric arc from becoming unstable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the welder of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is weldingvoltage when having represented to weld in the welder of embodiment 1 and the movement oscillogram of welding current.
The figure of the state of the welding portion when Fig. 3 is the t=t3 that has represented Fig. 2.
The figure of the state of the welding portion when Fig. 4 is the t=t4 that has represented Fig. 2.
The figure of the state of the welding portion when Fig. 5 is the t=t5 that has represented Fig. 2.
The figure of the state of the welding portion when Fig. 6 is the t=t7 that has represented Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100A of embodiment 2.
Fig. 8 is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100B of embodiment 3.
Fig. 9 is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100C of embodiment 4.
Figure 10 is weldingvoltage, the welding current when having represented to weld in the welder of embodiment 4, the movement oscillogram of control signal.
Figure 11 has represented it is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100D of embodiment 5.
Figure 12 has represented it is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100E of embodiment 6.
Figure 13 is the figure that repeatedly carries out the consumption electrode type arc welding method of short circuit and electric arc generation for explanation.
Symbol description
1 welding wire; 2 mother metals; 3 electric arcs; 4 welding torches; 5 feed rolls; 6 molten drops; 7 molten baths; 100,100A～100E welder; 102,102A power circuit; 104,104A～104E power control; 106 feed arrangements; The AD arc detection circuitry; The DR drive circuit; DVH voltage error distributor circuit; The EH voltage amplifier circuit; EI current error amplifying circuit; FC feeding control circuit; The FH frequency setting circuit; FR feed speed initialization circuit; G1R, the G2R gain setting circuit; The ID current detection circuit; IHCR amplitude center current setting circuit; IR welding current initialization circuit; The NA NAND circuit; ND necking down testing circuit; The NOT circuit for reversing; The R current-limiting resistor; SW external behavior commutation circuit; The TM timer circuit; TR1, the TR2 transistor; VA average voltage circuit; The VD voltage detecting circuit; VH voltage error circuit; VR weldingvoltage initialization circuit; VTN detection reference value initialization circuit; The WH amplitude setting circuit; The WL1 reactor; The WM feed motor.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the present invention in detail.In addition, in the drawings, to the identical or additional prosign of appropriate section, and no longer repeat specification.In addition, the welding method of explanation is repeatedly the welding method of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc in the present embodiment, is different from pulse arc welding method.
[embodiment 1]
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the welder of embodiment 1.
With reference to Fig. 1, welder 100 comprises power circuit 102, power control 104, wire feed unit 106, welding torch 4.
Electric power main circuit PM carries out controlling based on the output of inverter control according to error amplification signal Ea described later take source power supplies (not shown) such as 3 phase 200V as input, and output is fit to welding current Iw and the weldingvoltage Vw of arc welding.Although not shown, electric power main circuit PM for example constitutes and comprises: to source power supply carry out rectification No. 1 rectifier, to the direct current after the rectification carry out inverter circuit that level and smooth capacitor, DC converting after will be level and smooth are high-frequency ac, with high-frequency ac be depressurized to the magnitude of voltage that is fit to arc welding high frequency transformer, the high-frequency ac after the step-down is carried out No. 2 rectifiers of rectification and take error amplification signal Ea as input and drive the drive circuit of above-mentioned inverter circuit based on the result who carries out pulse width modulation control.
Reactor WL1 and reactor WL2 make the output smoothing of electric power main circuit PM.With the reactor WL2 transistor T R1 that is connected in parallel.Transistor T R1 according to after become low level NAND (NAND) logical signal Na in the 2nd arc period illustrated in fig. 2, only in the 2nd arc period Ta2, end.
The feed speed setting signal Fr that feed speed initialization circuit FR output is suitable with predetermined Constant feeding rate setting value.Feeding control circuit FC is used for the feeding control signal Fc of feeding welding wire 1 to feed motor WM output with the feed speed of the value that is equivalent to feed speed setting signal Fr.The rotation of the feed rolls 5 by wire feed unit 106, welding wire 1 is fed through in the welding torch 4, and mother metal 2 between produce electric arc 3.
Current detection circuit ID detects welding current Iw, output welding current detection signal Id.Voltage detecting circuit VD detects weldingvoltage Vw, and output weldingvoltage detection signal Vd.
Arc detection circuitry AD is take weldingvoltage detection signal Vd as input, and the value by weldingvoltage detection signal Vd becomes the situation more than the threshold value, is judged as when having produced electric arc, and output becomes the arc detection signal Ad of height (High) level.Timer circuit TM is take arc detection signal Ad as input, output arc detection signal Ad be low (Low) level during, and arc detection signal Ad become predetermined that high level rises during in become the timer signal Tm of high level.NAND circuit NA receives signal that timer signal Tm is inverted by circuit for reversing NOT and arc detection signal Ad as input, and output NAND Logic signal Na.
Weldingvoltage initialization circuit VR output is by the weldingvoltage setting signal Vr (the setting voltage Vr that is equivalent to Fig. 2) of the settings such as operator.Average voltage circuit VA output is with the average voltage detection signal Va after the weldingvoltage detection signal Vd equalization.Voltage error circuit VH calculates the poor of weldingvoltage setting signal Vr and average voltage detection signal Va, output voltage error signal Vh.Voltage amplifier circuit EH is the voltage amplifier circuit that voltage error signal Vh is amplified to the operation voltage (voltage amplification signal Eh) be used to the FEEDBACK CONTROL of carrying out electric power main circuit PM.
Gain setting circuit G1R exports predetermined the 1st gain setting signal G1r.As input, output is as shown in the formula the amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr shown in (1) with the 1st gain setting signal G1r and voltage error signal Vh for amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR.
Ihcr＝Ihcr0+G1r*Vh ...(1)
At this, Ihcr represents amplitude center current settings signal, and Ihcr0 represents the reference amplitude center current settings signal stipulated, and G1r represents the 1st gain setting signal, and Vh represents voltage error signal.G1r for example can be made as 10～50 (A/V).This expression is with respect to voltage deviation 1V, and the amplitude of variation of amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr is 10～50A.
Frequency setting circuit FH exports predetermined frequency setting signal Fh.Amplitude setting circuit WH exports predetermined amplitude setting signal Wh.Welding current initialization circuit IR is take amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr, frequency setting signal Fh and amplitude setting signal Wh as input, output welding current setting signal Ir.Current error amplifying circuit EI amplifies the error between welding current setting signal Ir and the welding current detection signal Id, output current error amplification signal Ei.
External behavior commutation circuit SW receives timer signal Tm, current error amplifying signal Ei and voltage amplification signal Eh as input.
External behavior commutation circuit SW is switched to input terminal a side when timer signal Tm is high level, current error amplifying signal Ei is exported as error amplification signal Ea.At this moment, current error is fed back to electric power main circuit PM, therefore carries out constant current control.
External behavior commutation circuit SW is switched to input terminal b side when timer signal Tm is low level, voltage amplification signal Eh is exported as error amplification signal Ea.By these modules, control welding current Iw.At this moment, voltage error is fed back to electric power main circuit PM, therefore carries out constant voltage control.
Fig. 2 is weldingvoltage when having represented to weld in the welder of embodiment 1 and the movement oscillogram of welding current.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, welding advances by Ts during the short circuit repeatedly and arc period.Arc period is divided into the 1st initial arc period Ta1 and the 2nd arc period Ta2 in later stage.
In the Ts, welding wire 1 contacts with mother metal 2 during the short circuit of moment t0～t2, thereby short circuit current flow produces Joule heat and the leading section of welding wire 1 becomes high temperature at the front end of welding wire 1.
At moment t2, if droplet transfer of the leading section of welding wire 1 and produce electric arc, then power control 104 situation about rising rapidly according to weldingvoltage judges that electric arc has produced.According to this, power control 104 switches to constant current control with control, is transitioned into the 1st arc period Ta1.Welding current rises until high level of current (the amplitude center is amplitude center electric current I hcr).Afterwards, as welding current during certain, flow through high level of current.This high level of current is suppressed in the current value of the protuberance degree that can not produce the molten drop that arc force causes.The welding current that will flow through in the 1st arc period Ta1 is called high level of current.
If set welding wire feeding speed or welding current (mean value) in welder 100, then corresponding recommendation voltage (monobasic voltage) Vcr (not shown) determines.With respect to this, the operator can set setting voltage Vr according to weldingvoltage setting signal Vr.
And power control 104 makes amplitude center electric current I hcr increase and decrease according to the voltage difference between setting voltage Vr (corresponding to weldingvoltage setting signal Vr) and the average voltage Va (corresponding to average voltage detection signal Va).
When average voltage Va is higher than setting voltage Vr, by reducing amplitude center electric current I hcr, thereby can prevent welding wire in excessively melting of arc period initial stage (the 1st arc period Ta1), output voltage descends easily under the constant voltage control of arc period rear half stage (the 2nd arc period Ta2).
On the contrary, when average voltage Va is lower than setting voltage Vr, by improving amplitude center electric current I hcr, thereby (the 1st arc period Ta1) makes the abundant melting of welding wire at the arc period initial stage, and output voltage rises easily under the constant voltage control of arc period rear half stage (the 2nd arc period Ta2).
And then, in the example of Fig. 2, the waveform (for example triangular wave) that has superposeed and increased and decreased in high level of current.In addition, even not in the situation of the waveform that high level of current stack increases and decreases, as mentioned above, also can make amplitude center electric current I hcr increase and decrease and with it as high level of current.But, can obtain more high-quality welding by stack increase and decrease waveform.
The melting speed Vm of welding wire can be expressed as Vm=α I+ β I
2R.At this, α, β represent coefficient, and I represents welding current, and R represents that welding wire is from the resistance value of the outstanding part of the contact chip of welding torch front end (outstanding length).Known, if welding current I is increased, then the melting speed Vm of welding wire also can become large.
But, if increase welding current I, then also can increase the arc force that makes progress of molten drop effect.Arc force and welding current I's is square proportional.On the other hand, because also to molten drop effect gravity, therefore take the current value of gravity and the lucky balance of arc force as the boundary, if current value is large, then the power that makes progress of effect if current value is little, then acts on downward power.If at the welding current I alternating current that superposes, then molten drop is alternately acted on power upwards and downward power.The present inventor finds, increases with integral body and compares when electric current comes effect makes progress to molten drop continuously power, and alternately to molten drop effect power up or down, molten drop is more stable, can reduce sputter by such increase and decrease electric current.Therefore, in the present embodiment, in the 1st arc period, increase and decrease electric current, realize the stable and interim growth of molten drop.
During moment t3～t6 of the 1st arc period Ta1, at the following triangular wave that illustrates of amplitude center electric current I hcr stack.
(centered by 200～400A), be the frequency of 2.5kHz～5kHz, the 1st arc period Ta1 is 0.3ms～3.0ms to the triangular wave of stack by amplitude center electric current I hcr.Amplitude is ± 50～100A.For example, also can be with amplitude center electric current I hcr be set as Ihcr=400A, frequency setting is that f=4kHz, the 1st arc period are set as Ta1=1.0ms, the triangular wave of stack was set as for 4 cycles.In addition, the waveform of stack is not limited to triangular wave, also can be sinusoidal wave other waveforms that wait.
Below, describe the state of the welding portion in the 1st arc period Ta1 in detail.
(1) 0～1/2 cycle of triangular wave
The figure of the state of the welding portion when Fig. 3 is the t=t3 that has represented Fig. 2.T=t3 is the moment that the stack of triangular wave begins.
With reference to Fig. 3, between the front end of welding wire 1 and mother metal 2, produce electric arc 3.By the heat that electric arc 3 produces, the front end of welding wire 1 is heated, and the leading section melting forms molten drop 6.By feed arrangement to mother metal 2 direction feeding welding wires 1.
Because the electric current of stack, welding wire melting speed increase and molten drop becomes large, the power that puts on molten drop becomes maximum within 1/4 cycle, and molten drop swells because of the electric arc counter-force and is accelerated.But along with to 1/2 cycle and electric current reduces, the electric arc counter-force also reduces, and therefore can prevent protuberance.
The figure of the state of the welding portion when Fig. 4 is the t=t4 that has represented Fig. 2.T=t4 is through moment in 1/2 cycle of triangular wave.As shown in Figure 4,6 growths of the molten drop of the leading section of welding wire 1 a bit become any the state of having swelled.
(2) 1/2～3/4 cycle of triangular wave
During this period, by power control 104, make welding current reduce more than the electric current I hcr of amplitude center, further reduce the electric arc counter-force to molten drop.
(3) 3/4～1 cycle of triangular wave
Within 3/4～1 cycle of triangular wave, from the downside peak value of triangular wave to amplitude center electric current I hcr, welding current is increased.
The figure of the state of the welding portion when Fig. 5 is the t=t5 that has represented Fig. 2.T=t5 is through moment in 1 cycle of triangular wave.As shown in Figure 5, by reducing the electric arc counter-force, the gravity and the electric arc counter-force that act on molten drop 6 are in poised state just.Thus, eliminate the protuberance of molten drop 6, be in the sagging state of molten drop 6.
And stipulated number comes to be superimposed upon at amplitude center electric current I hcr the triangular wave of explanation in (1)～(3) repeatedly.Thus, prevent the protuberance that the electric arc counter-force causes and slowly increase droplet size, form the molten drop of desired size.
In addition, in order to carry out easily the stack of triangular wave, the inductance value WL1 of the 1st arc period Ta1 is less than the inductance value of next the 2nd arc period Ta2 (inductance value is WL1+WL2).
Below, describe the state of the welding portion in the 2nd arc period Ta2 in detail.
Referring again to Fig. 2, at moment t2, finish the 1st arc period Ta1, transfer to the 2nd arc period Ta2.In the 2nd arc period Ta2, power control 104 increases the inductance value of power circuit 102, in order to carry out arc length control, will control from constant current control and switch to constant voltage control.This switches in and is equivalent among Fig. 1 external behavior commutation circuit SW is switched to terminal b from terminal a.Because inductance is large, so welding current reduces lentamente along with the electric arc load.In addition, weldingvoltage also reduces lentamente.
The figure of the state of the welding portion when Fig. 6 is the t=t7 that has represented Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 6, the molten drop that forms in the 1st arc period Ta1 can not swell, and increases in the 2nd arc period Ta2 in a bit, and is close to pool side.Prevent the variation of the arc length that causes because of protuberance and control to adjust arc length by constant voltage, the variation of arc force is slower, therefore makes the situation of molten bath vibration less.And, because welding current reduces lentamente, therefore fully to carry out to the heat input of mother metal, the fusion of the toe section of welding bead becomes good.
At the moment of Fig. 2 t8,, molten drop produces short circuit if contacting with the molten bath, and then weldingvoltage can sharply descend.When the power control 104 of Fig. 1 is judged as short circuit in the rapid decline because of this weldingvoltage, with the rate of climb of expecting welding current is increased.Because of the rising of welding current, to the top effect electromagnetic clamp power of molten drop, thereby produce necking section, molten drop 6 is 7 transition to the molten bath.
As described above, the welding method shown in the embodiment 1 is the CO2 welding connection of hanging down sputter control, is different from pulse arc welding method.
That is, the welding method shown in the embodiment 1 is repeatedly the welding method of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc.In this welding method, if raising speed of welding and increase welding current, then in the droplet transfer zone, weld short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc repeatedly irregular.
Therefore, in the welding method shown in the embodiment 1, export high level of current in the 1st arc period Ta1 during fixing, carry out constant current control in the 1st arc period Ta1, the stack alternating current is the low-frequency current of triangular wave or sinusoidal wave periodically variable like this fixed frequency for example.Thus, prevent that molten drop from being swelled because of the electric arc counter-force, can realize the growth of stable molten drop.
And, for the amplitude center of high level of current, according to the voltage difference between setting voltage Vr (corresponding to weldingvoltage setting signal Vr) and the average voltage Va (corresponding to average voltage detection signal Va), make amplitude center electric current I hcr increase and decrease.
When average voltage Va is higher than setting voltage Vr, by reducing amplitude center electric current I hcr, thereby prevent welding wire in (the 1st arc period Ta1) the transition melting of arc period initial stage, under the constant voltage control in later half (the 2nd arc period Ta2) stage of arc period, reduce easily output voltage.
On the contrary, when average voltage Va is lower than setting voltage Vr, by improving amplitude center electric current I hcr, (the 1st arc period Ta1) makes the abundant melting of welding wire at the arc period initial stage, improves easily output voltage under the constant voltage control in later half (the 2nd arc period Ta2) stage of arc period.
If through the 1st arc period Ta1, then control in order in the 2nd arc period Ta2, to carry out arc length, the control of the source of welding current is controlled from constant current switched to constant voltage control.Set the inductance value of the reactor of the source of welding current also larger than the 1st arc period Ta1, welding current is reduced lentamente.Thus, the conversion of arc force becomes slowly, and the situation of molten bath vibration is tailed off.And because welding current reduces lentamente, therefore abundant to the input heat of mother metal, the fusion of the toe section of welding bead is good.
In above-mentioned embodiment 1, in order in the 2nd arc period Ta2, to set the inductance value of the reactor of the source of welding current also larger than the 1st arc period Ta1, insert actual reactor WL2.Replace, also can control reactor in the electronics mode and increase inductance value.
In above-mentioned embodiment 1, during short circuit, in the Ts, can under the state of constant voltage control, make Current rise to the value of expectation, perhaps also can switch to constant current and control and make the extremely value of expectation of Current rise.
In addition, in above-mentioned embodiment 1, represented the example at high level of current stack triangular wave, even but in the situation of the triangular wave that do not superpose, change high level of current based on the voltage difference of setting voltage Vr and average voltage Va, also can prevent the electric arc unsettled situation that becomes.
[embodiment 2]
In embodiment 1, changed the size of high level of current based on the voltage difference of setting voltage Vr and average voltage Va, but in embodiment 2, based on the voltage difference of setting voltage Vr and average voltage Va change high level of current shown in Figure 2 during (the 1st arc period Ta1).
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100A of embodiment 2.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 1, to part additional prosign, the no longer repeat specification identical with embodiment 1.
With reference to Fig. 7, welder 100A comprises power circuit 102, power control 104A, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
In Fig. 1, amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR has exported amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr based on voltage error signal Vh, but in Fig. 7, amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR exports predetermined amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr.
In addition, the voltage error signal Vh of voltage error circuit VH output is imported into timer circuit TM, thereby replaces being input to amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR.
Timer circuit TM is take arc detection signal Ad, the 2nd gain setting signal G2r and voltage error signal Vh as input, output arc detection signal Ad be low (Low) level during, and arc detection signal Ad only in the 1st arc period Ta1, become the timer signal Tm of high level after becoming high level.The 1st arc period Ta1 can be represented by following formula (2).
Ta1＝Ta10+G2r*Vh ...(2)
At this, Ta1 represents the 1st arc period, and Ta10 represents benchmark the 1st arc period stipulated, and G2r represents the 2nd gain setting signal, and Vh represents voltage error signal.In addition, G2r can be made as for example 100～500 (μ s/V).This expression is 100～500 μ s with respect to the conversion amplitude of voltage deviation 1V the 1st arc period Ta1.
In addition, the structure of other parts of power control 104A is identical with power control shown in Figure 1 104, therefore no longer repeat specification.
The welder 100A of embodiment 2 changes the 1st arc period Ta1 based on the voltage difference of setting voltage Vr and average voltage Va, even depart from the situation of setting voltage Vr in average voltage Va moment, identical with embodiment 1, can prevent that also electric arc from becoming unstable.
[embodiment 3]
In embodiment 1, be voltage error signal Vh according to voltage difference (Vr-Va), only increased and decreased amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr, in embodiment 2, according to this voltage difference, only increased and decreased the 1st arc period Ta1.
In embodiment 3, in voltage difference threshold value up and down is set, only increase and decrease amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr until threshold value, only increase and decrease the 1st arc period Ta1 for the voltage difference that surpasses threshold value or less than the voltage difference of threshold value.
Fig. 8 is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100B of embodiment 3.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 1, to part additional prosign, the no longer repeat specification identical with embodiment 1.
With reference to Fig. 8, welder 100B comprises power circuit 102, power control 104B, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
Voltage error distributor circuit DVH accepts upper limit threshold Tv1 and lower threshold Tv2, voltage error signal Vh and weldingvoltage setting signal Vr, and output voltage error distributes current signal Vri and voltage error to distribute time signal Vrt.
Voltage error distributes current signal Vri to replace voltage error signal Vh, is imported into amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR with the 1st gain setting signal G1r.
In addition, voltage error distributes time signal Vrt to be imported into timer circuit TM with the 2nd gain setting signal G2r.
The upper limit from the recruitment of reference amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr0 of amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr is made as Ih1.In formula (1), recruitment is G1r*Vh, so the predetermined upper limit threshold Tv1 of voltage difference Vh=(Vr-Va) can be represented by following formula (3).
Tv1＝Ih1/G1r ...(3)
For example, when the 1st gain setting signal G1r is 10A/V, be 50A if the upper limit of recruitment is made as Ih1, then Tv1 is 5V.
Voltage error distributor circuit DVH distributes current signal Vri to export as voltage error voltage error signal Vh, until voltage error signal Vh arrives upper limit threshold Tv1.At this moment, identical with embodiment 1, based on the amplitude center of formula (1) change high level of current.
In addition, voltage error distributor circuit DVH is when voltage error signal Vh has surpassed upper limit threshold Tv1, distribute current signal Vri to export as voltage error upper limit threshold Tv1, and (voltage error signal Vh-upper limit threshold Tv1) exported as voltage distribution time signal Vrt.At this moment, with the amplitude center change of high level of current and the corresponding voltage of voltage of upper limit threshold Tv1.And, for the variable quantity that surpasses upper limit threshold Tv1, as explanation in the enforcement mode 2, only within the corresponding time of the 1st arc period Ta1, change.
In addition, the lower limit from the reduction of reference amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr0 with amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr is made as Ih2.In formula (1), recruitment is G1r*Vh, so the predetermined lower threshold Tv2 of voltage difference Vh=(Vr-Va) can be represented by following formula (4).
Tv2＝Ih2/G1r ...(4)
Voltage error distributor circuit DVH distributes current signal Vri to export until voltage error signal Vh arrives lower threshold Tv2 as voltage error voltage error signal Vh.At this moment, identical with embodiment 1, the amplitude center of changing high level of current based on formula (1).
In addition, voltage error distributor circuit DVH is at voltage error signal Vh during less than lower threshold Tv2, distribute current signal Vri to export as voltage error lower threshold Tv2, and distribute time signal Vrt to export (voltage error signal Vh-lower threshold Tv2) as voltage error.At this moment, the amplitude center of high level of current has been changed the voltage corresponding with the voltage of lower threshold Tv2.And, for the variable quantity that is lower than lower threshold Tv2, as explanation in the enforcement mode 2, only within the corresponding time of the 1st arc period Ta1, change.
In embodiment 3, consistently be combined and used in the increase and decrease of the amplitude center electric current I hcr of the high level of current of explanation in the embodiment 1 with the change degree of setting voltage and the change of the 1st arc period Ta1 of explanation in embodiment 2, prevent that electric arc from becoming unstable.
In addition, in embodiment 3, illustration when voltage difference is positioned at prescribed limit the amplitude center electric current I hcr of increase and decrease high level of current, change the 1st arc period Ta1 voltage difference is positioned at prescribed limit outside the time, still also can change simultaneously amplitude center electric current I hcr and the 1st arc period Ta1.
[embodiment 4]
In embodiment 4, in embodiment 1, on the basis of the welding method of explanation, by before producing electric arc, detecting the necking section of molten drop, reduce sputter thereby before producing electric arc, reduce electric current.
Fig. 9 is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100C of embodiment 4.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 1, for the part identical with embodiment 1, additional prosign, no longer repeat specification.
With reference to Fig. 9, welder 100C comprises power circuit 102A, power control 104C, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
Figure 10 is the movement oscillogram of weldingvoltage, welding current and control signal when having represented to weld in the welder of embodiment 4.
The difference of the waveform of the waveform of Figure 10 and the embodiment of Fig. 21 is, at moment t1a, if detect the necking section of molten drop, then reduces welding current, after moment t2, produce electric arc.
Because the size of the current value when having produced the constantly electric arc of t2 and the amount of sputter are proportional, therefore when producing electric arc, if reduce current value, then can reduce the generation of sputter.
With reference to Fig. 9, Figure 10, necking down detection reference value initialization circuit VTN exports predetermined necking down detection reference value signal Vtn.Necking down testing circuit ND is take this necking down detection reference value signal Vtn, weldingvoltage detection signal Vd illustrated in fig. 1 and welding current detection signal Id as input, the moment (constantly t1a) that voltage rising value Δ V in during short circuit has reached the value of necking down detection reference value signal Vtn becomes high level, the value of weldingvoltage detection signal Vd becomes the moment (constantly t2) more than the electric arc judgment value Vta again producing electric arc, and output becomes low level necking down detection signal Nd.Therefore, the high level of this necking down detection signal Nd during become Tn between the necking down detection period.
In addition, the differential value of the weldingvoltage detection signal Vd in also can be during short circuit has arrived the moment of the value of the necking down detection reference value signal Vtn that sets accordingly with it, and necking down detection signal Nd is changed over high level.And, value that also can weldingvoltage detection signal Vd calculates the resistance value of molten drop divided by the value of welding current detection signal Id, arrived moment of the value of the necking down detection reference value signal Vtn that sets accordingly with it at the differential value of this resistance value, necking down detection signal Nd has been transformed to high level.Necking down detection signal Nd is imported into electric power main circuit PM.Electric power main circuit PM stops output in the Tn between the necking down detection period.
(when non-necking section detects) output made transistor T R2 be in the driving signal Dr of conducting state when drive circuit DR was low level at this necking down detection signal Nd.In the Tn, driving signal Dr is low level, so transistor T R2 is in cut-off state between the necking down detection period.Its result, current-limiting resistor R are inserted on the electrical path (4 the path from electric power main circuit PM to welding torch) of welding current Iw.The value of this current-limiting resistor R is set to the large value (about 0.5～3 Ω) more than 10 times of short circuit load (about 0.01～0.03 Ω).Therefore, the energy that the direct current reactor in the source of welding current and the reactor of cable are accumulated is by sudden discharge, and shown in moment t1a～t2 of Figure 10, welding current Iw sharply reduces, and becomes little current value.
At moment t2, if short circuit becomes open circuit and again produces electric arc, then weldingvoltage Vw becomes more than the predetermined electric arc judgment value Vta.Detect this situation, necking down detection signal Nd becomes low level, drives signal Dr and becomes high level.Its result, transistor T R2 is in conducting state, after, become the control that utilizes the arc welding that Fig. 2 illustrates in embodiment 1.Later the 1st arc period Ta1 and the 2nd arc period Ta2 illustrate in Fig. 2, therefore no longer repeat specification.
The welder of embodiment 4 is (constantly t2) current value in the time of can reducing again to produce electric arc when again producing electric arc, so except the effect that welder rose of explanation in embodiment 1, the sputter in the time of can also further reducing electric arc generation beginning.
In addition, in embodiment 4, the method as sharply reduce welding current Iw when detecting necking down has illustrated the method for inserting current-limiting resistor R at electrical path.But except the method, also can be between the lead-out terminal of welder via the switch element capacitor that is connected in parallel, when detecting necking down, make switch element be in conducting state, after capacitor is switched on to discharge current, the method that welding current Iw is reduced rapidly.
[embodiment 5]
In embodiment 5, in embodiment 2, on the basis of the welding method of explanation, by before producing electric arc, detecting the necking down of molten drop, reduce sputter thereby before producing electric arc, reduce electric current.
Figure 11 is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100D of embodiment 5.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 2, to part additional prosign, the no longer repeat specification identical with embodiment 2.
With reference to Figure 11, welder 100D comprises power circuit 102A, power control 104D, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
Power control 104D also comprises necking down testing circuit ND, necking down detection reference value initialization circuit VTN and drive circuit DR on the basis of the structure of power control 104A shown in Figure 7.The formation of other parts of power control 104C is identical with the power control 104A of Fig. 7, therefore no longer repeat specification.
In addition, detect explanation in embodiment 4 of related necking down testing circuit ND, necking down detection reference value initialization circuit VTN, drive circuit DR action separately, therefore no longer repeat specification with necking down.
Current value during again generation electric arc when the welder 100D of embodiment 5 also can reduce again to produce electric arc therefore except the effect that welder rose of explanation in embodiment 2, can also further reduce electric arc and produce sputter when beginning.
[embodiment 6]
In embodiment 6, in embodiment 3, on the basis of the welding method of explanation, by before producing electric arc, detecting the necking down of molten drop, reduce sputter thereby before producing electric arc, reduce electric current.
Figure 12 is the block diagram of structure that has represented the welder 100E of embodiment 6.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 3, to part additional prosign, the no longer repeat specification identical with embodiment 3.
With reference to Figure 12, welder 100E comprises power circuit 102A, power control 104E, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
In addition, detect explanation in embodiment 4 of related necking down testing circuit ND, necking down detection reference value initialization circuit VTN, drive circuit DR action separately, therefore no longer repeat specification with necking section.
Current value during again generation electric arc when the welder 100E of embodiment 6 also can reduce again to produce electric arc therefore except the effect that welder rose of explanation in embodiment 3, can also further reduce electric arc and produce sputter when beginning.
In addition, in embodiment 6, illustration when voltage difference is positioned at prescribed limit, make the amplitude center electric current I hcr increase and decrease of high level of current, in the time of outside voltage difference is positioned at prescribed limit, change the 1st arc period Ta1, but also can change simultaneously amplitude center electric current I hcr and the 1st arc period Ta1.
At last, with reference to Fig. 1 etc., again sum up embodiment 1～6.
The welder of embodiment 1～6 be by use carbon dioxide as in the protective gas and alternately repeatedly the CO2 welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect the welder that method is welded.Welder 100,100A～100E possess: the power circuit 102, the 102A that are used for providing voltage between welding torch 4 and mother metal 2; Power control 104,104A～104E with the voltage of controlling power circuit 102,102A.Power control 104,104A～104E control power circuit 102,102A, in order to export high level of current in the 1st arc period Ta1 at the initial stage of the arc period of following after during short circuit, the output arc current corresponding with the weldingvoltage of being controlled by constant voltage in the 2nd arc period Ta2 in later stage of arc period.Power control 104,104A～104E also control 102,102A, so as the stack of amplitude center electric current repeatedly the waveform of increase and decrease produce high level of current.
Preferably in welder 100,100A～100E, the waveform of increase and decrease is triangular wave or sine wave repeatedly.
Preferably in welder 100C～100E, power control 104C～104E is as illustrated in fig. 10, detects in during short circuit in the situation of necking down of molten drop, and the necking section that reduces short circuit current detects control.
Should think that this disclosed embodiment is illustration in all respects, be not restrictive content.Scope of the present invention is not to be represented by above-mentioned explanation, but represents according to the scope of patent request, attempts to comprise and the meaning of the scope equalization of patent request and all changes in the scope.
Claims (5)
1. welder, its by use carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the CO2 welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect method and weld, this welder possesses:
Power circuit, it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; With
Control part, it controls the voltage of described power circuit,
Described control part is controlled described power circuit in the following manner: export high level of current in the 1st arc period at the initial stage of the arc period of following after during short circuit, the output arc current corresponding with the weldingvoltage of being controlled by constant voltage in the 2nd arc period in later stage of described arc period
Described control part is controlled described power circuit according to the mode that the waveform that repeatedly increases and decreases in the stack of amplitude center electric current produces described high level of current,
The mode that described control part reduces according to the voltage difference between the voltage setting value of the mean value of weldingvoltage and weldingvoltage makes the electric current increase and decrease of described amplitude center.
2. welder, its by use carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the CO2 welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect method and weld, this welder possesses:
Power circuit, it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; With
Control part, it controls the voltage of described power circuit,
Described control part is controlled described power circuit in the following manner: export high level of current in the 1st arc period at the initial stage of the arc period of following after during short circuit, the output arc current corresponding with the weldingvoltage of being controlled by constant voltage in the 2nd arc period in later stage of described arc period
Described control part is controlled described power circuit according to the mode that the waveform that repeatedly increases and decreases in the stack of amplitude center electric current produces described high level of current,
The mode that described control part reduces according to the voltage difference between the voltage setting value of the mean value of weldingvoltage and weldingvoltage makes described the 1st arc period increase and decrease.
3. welder, its by use carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the CO2 welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect method and weld, this welder possesses:
Power circuit, it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; With
Control part, it controls the voltage of described power circuit,
Described control part is controlled described power circuit in the following manner: export high level of current in the 1st arc period at the initial stage of the arc period of following after during short circuit, the output arc current corresponding with the weldingvoltage of being controlled by constant voltage in the 2nd arc period in later stage of described arc period
Described control part is controlled described power circuit according to the mode that the waveform that repeatedly increases and decreases in the stack of amplitude center electric current produces described high level of current,
When the voltage difference of described control part between the voltage setting value of the mean value of weldingvoltage and weldingvoltage is the 1st scope, make the electric current increase and decrease of described amplitude center according to described voltage difference, be to be different from the situation of the 2nd scope of described the 1st scope in described voltage difference, make described the 1st arc period increase and decrease according to described voltage difference.
4. the described welder of according to claim 1～3 each, wherein,
Described waveform is triangular wave or sine wave.
5. the described welder of according to claim 1～4 each, wherein,
Described control part detects the necking down that reduces short circuit current in the situation of necking down of molten drop in during described short circuit and detects control.
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| CN103071894A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-05-01 | 昆山安意源管道科技有限公司 | Metal-transfer gas-shielded welding control system and control method thereof |
| CN104275540A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-14 | 株式会社大亨 | Output control method for welding power source |
| CN104339068A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-02-11 | 株式会社大亨 | Method for controlling neck detection for welding power supply |
| CN104668736A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 上海广为焊接设备有限公司 | Remote control circuit of argon arc welding machine |
| CN111001897A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-04-14 | 杭州凯尔达电焊机有限公司 | Welding auxiliary circuit and welding power supply |
| CN111843113A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-10-30 | 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 | Method and apparatus for providing welding-type power and pre-heating power |
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| JPWO2021140970A1 (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-15 |
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| JP5912356B2 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
| CN102990201B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| JP2013059793A (en) | 2013-04-04 |
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