CN102950366A - Welding set - Google Patents
Welding set Download PDFInfo
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- CN102950366A CN102950366A CN2012102869756A CN201210286975A CN102950366A CN 102950366 A CN102950366 A CN 102950366A CN 2012102869756 A CN2012102869756 A CN 2012102869756A CN 201210286975 A CN201210286975 A CN 201210286975A CN 102950366 A CN102950366 A CN 102950366A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a welding set which can realize stable droplet growth and stable arc production. The welding device (100) have a power supply circuit (102) and a power control unit (104). The power control unit (104), in accordance with during the short circuit after the next arc during the initial 1 (Ta1) during the arc current and the output level in the late stage of arc during 2 of the arc (Ta2) during the period of output with a constant voltage control of the welding arc voltage corresponding to the current mode control switching power supply circuit (102). The power supply control device which according to increase or decrease will be repeated to produce waveform in the center of the amplitude of the current high level of current mode control power circuit. The power control device which corresponds to the current setting of the welding current, can calculate the recommended voltage value, according to the recommended voltage and the voltage setting of the welding voltage is the voltage between message center current increase or decrease amplitude. Thus, even if the voltage value is changed, unstable arc can also be prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welder, relate in particular to and carry out the welder that co3 gas arc welding connects.
Background technology
The consumable electrode formula arc-welding method that repeatedly short circuit and electric arc produce is disclosed in Japanese JP 4-4074 communique (patent documentation 1) between consumable electrode and mother metal.This consumable electrode formula arc-welding method repeatedly the forming process of molten drop and molten drop to the transient process of mother metal transition.
Figure 13 is be used to the figure that the consumable electrode formula arc-welding method that repeatedly short circuit and electric arc produce is described.
With reference to Figure 13, in the consumable electrode formula arc-welding method that short circuit and electric arc produce repeatedly, below the process of (a)～(f) of explanation is carried out in order repeatedly.(a) the short circuit A-stage that contacted with the molten bath of molten drop; (b) molten drop and molten bath contacts the reliable and molten drop short circuit state in mid-term to the molten bath transition that becomes; (c) molten drop is to the pool side transition and the molten drop between welding wire and molten bath has produced the short circuit later stage state of necking down; (d) short circuit disconnects and has produced the state of electric arc; (e) electric arc of the front end melting of welding wire and molten drop growth produces state; (f) molten drop is grown and is about to and molten bath short circuit electric arc generation state before.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese JP 4-4074 communique
Patent documentation 2: No. 4702375 specification of Japan Patent
In the short circuiting arc welding in the past shown in the Japanese JP 4-4074 communique, produce regularly electric arc and short circuit.Yet, in the situation of utilizing the co3 gas arc welding connection to weld take high electric current (diameter of welding wire is as 1.2mm and surpass the electric current of 200A), in the droplet transfer with short circuit, because the electric arc reaction force is so that molten drop wrinkling on welding wire top (Ga り on the せ り), and then arc duration prolongs and is difficult to produce periodic short circuit, therefore produce brokenly electric arc and short circuit.
Like this, if the cycle of short circuit and electric arc changes brokenly, then the droplet size during short circuit is fixing, the consistent degree variation of welding bead toe (bead toe) section.
In addition, because high electric current acts on excessive arc force with respect to the molten bath in irregular position, institute especially makes the molten bath protrude to a side opposite with welding direction so that the molten bath becomes greatly and brokenly vibration, thereby the easy protuberance welding bead that produces.
Particularly, require speed of welding to become at a high speed in order to boost productivity, the deteriorated of welding quality that wherein impact of the problems referred to above brings in high-speed welding displays significantly.In addition, become at a high speed for making speed of welding, need to accelerate welding wire feeding speed with the deposited amount of the unit of obtaining.Accompany with it, exist welding current to become large this relation.
In addition, the most situation of welder has following function: if set electric current or welding wire feeding speed has then been determined recommendation voltage (being also referred to as monobasic voltage) automatically.Relative with it, the most situation of operator also is that the limit is watched the as a result limit of welding that weldingvoltage is set as being different from the value of recommending voltage.But, if set setting voltage extremely with respect to recommending voltage greatly or extreme must be little, then electric arc easily becomes unstable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of welder that can realize that stable molten drop growth and stable electric arc produce.
In brief, the invention provides a kind of by with carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the co3 gas arc welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect the welder that method is welded, this welder possesses: power circuit, and it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; And control part, the voltage of its control power circuit.Control part is according to the 1st arc period output high level of current at the initial stage of ensuing arc period after during short circuit, control power circuit in the mode of the 2nd arc period output in later stage of the arc period arc current corresponding with carrying out weldingvoltage that constant voltage controls.Control part and then be superimposed on amplitude center electric current according to the waveform that will repeatedly increase and decrease and control power circuit in the mode that produces high level of current.Control part and then calculate the recommendation magnitude of voltage corresponding to the current setting value of welding current increases and decreases amplitude center electric current according to the voltage difference between the voltage setting value of recommending magnitude of voltage and weldingvoltage.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of by with carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the co3 gas arc welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect the welder that method is welded, this welder possesses: power circuit, and it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; And control part, the voltage of its control power circuit.Control part is according to the 1st arc period output high level of current at the initial stage of ensuing arc period after during short circuit, control power circuit in the mode of the 2nd arc period output in later stage of the arc period arc current corresponding with carrying out weldingvoltage that constant voltage controls.Control part and then be superimposed on amplitude center electric current according to the waveform that will repeatedly increase and decrease and control power circuit in the mode that produces high level of current.Control part and then calculate the recommendation magnitude of voltage corresponding to the current setting value of welding current increases and decreases the 1st arc period according to the voltage difference between the voltage setting value of recommending magnitude of voltage and weldingvoltage.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of by with carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the co3 gas arc welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect the welder that method is welded, this welder possesses: power circuit, and it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; And control part, the voltage of its control power circuit.Control part is according to the 1st arc period output high level of current at the initial stage of ensuing arc period after during short circuit, control power circuit in the mode of the 2nd arc period output in later stage of the arc period arc current corresponding with carrying out weldingvoltage that constant voltage controls.Control part and then be superimposed on amplitude center electric current according to the waveform that will repeatedly increase and decrease and control power circuit in the mode that produces high level of current.Control part and then calculate the recommendation magnitude of voltage corresponding to the current setting value of welding current, voltage difference between the voltage setting value of recommending magnitude of voltage and weldingvoltage is in the situation of the 1st scope, make the electric current increase and decrease of amplitude center according to voltage difference, be to be different from the situation of the 2nd scope of the 1st scope in voltage difference, make the increase and decrease of the 1st arc period according to voltage difference.
Preferred in above-mentioned any one welder, the waveform of increase and decrease is triangular wave or sine wave repeatedly.
Preferred in above-mentioned any one welder, detect in during short circuit in the situation of necking down of molten drop, the necking down that control part reduces short circuit current detects control.
The invention effect
According to the present invention, connect in the method at co3 gas arc welding, by will be with fixed frequency and meet output current after the electric current that waveform that the amplitude of droplet size increases and decreases is superimposed on the arc period initial stage, can realize thus stable molten drop growth.Thereby, can not produce unnecessary short circuit at the electric arc initial stage, can access high welding stability.In addition, even if the recommendation voltage that sets according to welder comes change setting voltage, can prevent that also electric arc from becoming unstable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the welder that relates to of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 shows weldingvoltage when the welder that is related to by embodiment 1 welds and the movement oscillogram of welding current.
Fig. 3 shows the figure of the state of the welding portion under the t=t3 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shows the figure of the state of the welding portion under the t=t4 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 shows the figure of the state of the welding portion under the t=t5 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 shows the figure of the state of the welding portion under the t=t7 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100A that embodiment 2 relates to.
Fig. 8 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100B that embodiment 3 relates to.
Fig. 9 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100C that embodiment 4 relates to.
Welding electricity when Figure 10 shows the welder that is related to by embodiment 4 and welds and the movement oscillogram of welding current and control signal.
Figure 11 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100D that embodiment 5 relates to.
Figure 12 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100E that embodiment 6 relates to.
Figure 13 is be used to the figure that the consumable electrode formula arc-welding method that repeatedly short circuit and electric arc produce is described.
Symbol description:
1 welding wire; 2 mother metals; 3 electric arcs; 4 welding torches; 5 feed rolls; 6 molten drops; 7 molten baths; 100,100A～100E welder; 102,102A power circuit; 104,104A～104E power control; 106 feed arrangements; The AD arc detection circuitry; DEC reference voltage error signal distributor circuit; The DR drive circuit; EC voltage error circuit; EV voltage error amplifying circuit; EI current error amplifying circuit; FC feeding control circuit; The FH frequency setting circuit; FR feed speed initialization circuit; G1R, G2R gain setting circuit; The ID current detection circuit; IHCR amplitude center current setting circuit; IR welding current initialization circuit; The NA NAND circuit; ND necking down testing circuit; The NOT circuit for reversing; The R current-limiting resistor; SW external behavior commutation circuit; The TM timer circuit; TR1, TR2 transistor; VA average voltage circuit; The VCR reference voltage setting circuit; The VD voltage detecting circuit; VR weldingvoltage initialization circuit; VTN detection reference value initialization circuit; The WH amplitude setting circuit; WL1, WL2 reactor.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are elaborated.Wherein, in the drawings, give identical symbol about identical or appropriate section, do not repeat explanation.In addition, the welding method of explanation is repeatedly the welding method of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc in the present embodiment, is different from pulse arc welding method.
[embodiment 1]
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the welder that relates to of embodiment 1.
With reference to Fig. 1, welder 100 comprises: power circuit 102, power control 104, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
Electric power main circuit PM as input, carries out output control based on inverter control according to error amplification signal Ea described later with the source power supply (not shown) of 3 phase 200V etc., and output is suitable for welding current Iw and the weldingvoltage Vw of arc welding.Although not shown, electric power main circuit PM for example constitutes and comprises: to source power supply carry out rectification No. 1 rectifier, to the direct current after being rectified carry out level and smooth capacitor, with the DC converting after smoothed become high-frequency ac inverter circuit, high-frequency ac is depressurized to the high frequency transformer of the magnitude of voltage that is suitable for arc welding, carries out as input that pulse width modulation is controlled to No. 2 rectifiers being carried out rectification by the high-frequency ac after the step-down and with error amplification signal Ea and drives the drive circuit of above-mentioned inverter circuit based on this result.
Reactor WL1 and reactor WL2 carry out smoothly the output of electric power main circuit PM.The reactor WL2 transistor T R1 that is connected in parallel.Transistor T R1 become low level (Low) according to the 2nd arc period illustrated in fig. 2 in the back with non-(NAND) logical signal Na, only be in cut-off (OFF) at the 2nd arc period Ta2.
The feed speed setting signal Fr that feed speed initialization circuit FR output is suitable with predetermined stable feed speed setting value.Feeding control circuit FC will export feeding motor WM to for the feeding control signal Fc with the feed speed feeding welding wire 1 suitable with the value of feed speed setting signal Fr.Welding wire 1 is according to the rotation of the feed rolls 5 of wire feed unit 106 and by carrying out feeding in the welding torch 4, and mother metal 2 between produce electric arc 3.
Current detection circuit ID detects welding current Iw, and output welding current detection signal Id.Voltage detecting circuit VD detects weldingvoltage Vw, and output weldingvoltage detection signal Vd.
Arc detection circuitry AD with weldingvoltage detection signal Vd as input, and if output threshold value is above differentiates the arc detection signal Ad that generation electric arc then becomes height (High) level because the value of weldingvoltage detection signal Vd reaches.Timer circuit TM with arc detection signal Ad as input, and output arc detection signal Ad be low (Low) level during and during predetermined from after arc detection signal Ad becomes high level in become the timer signal Tm of high level.Signal and arc detection signal Ad that NAND circuit NA reception timer signal Tm is inverted after the circuit NOT counter-rotating are used as input, and output NAND Logic signal Na.
Weldingvoltage initialization circuit VR output is by the weldingvoltage setting signal Vr (the voltage Vr that is equivalent to Fig. 2) of the settings such as operator.Average voltage circuit VA output makes the average voltage detection signal Va after the weldingvoltage detection signal Vd equalization.Voltage error amplifying circuit EV amplifies the error between weldingvoltage setting signal Vr and the average voltage detection signal Va, and output voltage error amplifying signal Ev.
Reference voltage setting circuit VCR output reference voltage setting signal Vcr, this reference voltage setting signal Vcr represents according to the predetermined voltage setting value of mode that becomes suitable arc length corresponding to the welding condition of welding wire feeding speed, speed of welding etc.This reference voltage setting signal Vcr is equivalent to monobasic voltage center.Voltage error circuit EC calculates the error between weldingvoltage setting signal Vr and the reference voltage setting signal Vcr, and output reference voltage error signal Ec.
Gain setting circuit G1R exports predetermined the 1st gain setting signal G1r.Amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR with the 1st gain setting signal G1r and reference voltage error signal Ec (=Vr-Vcr) as input, and the amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr that illustrates of output time formula (1).
Ihcr＝Ihcr0+G1r*(Vr-Vcr)…(1)
Wherein, Ihcr represents amplitude center current settings signal, and Ihcr0 represents the corresponding reference amplitude of reference voltage setting signal Vcr center current settings signal, and G1r represents the 1st gain setting signal, Vr represents the weldingvoltage setting signal, and Vcr represents the reference voltage setting signal.G1r for example can be made as 10～50 (A/V).This expression: for voltage deviation 1V, the amplitude of variation of amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr is 10～50A.
Frequency setting circuit FH exports predetermined frequency setting signal Fh.Amplitude setting circuit WH exports predetermined amplitude setting signal Wh.Welding current initialization circuit IR with amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr, frequency setting signal Fh and amplitude setting signal Wh as input, and output welding current setting signal Ir.Current error amplifying circuit EI amplifies the error between welding current setting signal Ir and the welding current detection signal Id, and output current error amplification signal Ei.
External behavior commutation circuit SW receives timer signal Tm, current error amplifying signal Ei and voltage error amplifying signal Ev is used as input.
External behavior commutation circuit SW switches in input terminal a side when timer signal Tm is high level, and current error amplifying signal Ei is exported as error amplification signal Ea.At this moment, because current error is fed back to electric power main circuit PM, so carry out constant current control.
External behavior commutation circuit SW switches in input terminal b side when timer signal Tm is low level, and voltage error amplifying signal Ev is exported as error amplification signal Ea.Control welding current Iw according to these modules.At this moment, because voltage error is fed back to electric power main circuit PM, so carry out constant voltage control.
Fig. 2 shows weldingvoltage when the welder that relates to embodiment 1 welds and the movement oscillogram of welding current.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, advance welding by Ts during the short circuit repeatedly and arc period.Arc period is divided into: the 1st arc period Ta1 at initial stage and the 2nd arc period Ta2 in later stage.
Ts during the short circuit of moment t0～t2, welding wire 1 and mother metal 2 contact and the short circuit current that flows, and at the front end generation Joule heat of welding wire 1, thereby the front end of welding wire 1 is in high temperature.
At moment t2, if droplet transfer of the leading section of welding wire 1 and produce electric arc, then power control 104 is differentiated corresponding to weldingvoltage sharply rises and has been produced electric arc.Correspondingly, power control 104 switches to constant current control with control, and transits to the 1st arc period Ta1.Welding current rises to high level of current (the amplitude center is amplitude center electric current I hcr).Then, in during fixing as welding current and the high level of current that flowing.This high level of current is suppressed to: the wrinkling current value that can not produce degree of molten drop that causes because of arc force.The welding current that will flow in the 1st arc period Ta1 is called high level of current.
If welder 100 is set welding wire feeding speed or welding current (mean value), then corresponding recommendation voltage (monobasic voltage) Vcr determines.Relative with it, the operator can utilize weldingvoltage setting signal Vr to set setting voltage Vr.
Afterwards, power control 104 makes amplitude center electric current I hcr increase and decrease according to the voltage difference between setting voltage Vr (corresponding to weldingvoltage setting signal Vr) and the reference voltage V cr (corresponding to reference voltage setting signal Vcr).
By when setting voltage Vr is low, reducing amplitude center electric current I hcr, thereby prevented in (the 1st arc period Ta1) the excessive melting of welding wire of arc period initial stage, at the electric arc lower easily reduction of the constant voltage control of (the 2nd arc period Ta2) output voltage between latter half.
On the contrary, by when setting voltage Vr is high, promoting amplitude center electric current I hcr, thereby (the 1st arc period Ta1) makes the abundant melting of welding wire at the arc period initial stage, at the electric arc lower easily lifting of the constant voltage control of (the 2nd arc period Ta2) output voltage between latter half.
And, in the example of Fig. 2, increase and decrease is superposeed for the waveform of high level of current (for example triangular wave).In addition, even if in the situation that does not make increase and decrease for the stack of the waveform of high level of current, amplitude center electric current I hcr is increased and decreased, then with it as high level of current.Yet, if stack increase and decrease waveform obtains more high-quality welding.
The melting speed Vm of welding wire Vm=α I+ β I
2R represents.Wherein, α, β represent coefficient, and I represents welding current, and R represents that welding wire is from the resistance value of the outstanding part of the contact mouth (contact tip) of welding torch front end (outstanding length).Hence one can see that, if welding current I is increased, then the melting speed Vm of welding wire also becomes large.
But if welding current I increases, the arc force that makes progress that then acts on molten drop also increases.Arc force and welding current I's is square proportional.On the other hand because gravity also acts on molten drop, thereby take gravity and arc force just in time the current value of balance as the boundary, if the large then effect of current value power upwards then acts on downward power if current value is little.If make alternating current and welding current I stack, the power that then makes progress and downward power alternately act on molten drop.The present application person is as can be known: make the downward power that makes progress alternately act on the situation of molten drop by electric current is increased and decreased, with compare by the situation that electric current is increased make power upwards to act on continuously molten drop, molten drop is stable and can reduce and splash.Therefore, in the present embodiment, make the electric current increase and decrease at the 1st arc period, thereby can seek the stable and interim growth of molten drop.
During the moment t3～t6 among the 1st arc period Ta1, make the triangular wave of following explanation be superimposed on amplitude center electric current I hcr.
(centered by 200～400A), frequency is 2.5kHz～5kHz, and the 1st arc period Ta1 is 0.3ms～3.0ms if the triangular wave that superposes is by amplitude center electric current I hcr.If amplitude is+-50～100A.For example, but also electric current I hcr in set amplitude center is Ihcr=400A, and frequency is f=4kHz, and the 1st arc period is Ta1=1.0ms, and the triangular wave that superposes was 4 cycles.In addition, the waveform that superposes is not limited to triangular wave, also can be sinusoidal wave other waveform that waits.
Below, the state of the welding portion among the 1st arc period Ta1 is elaborated.
(1) 0～1/2 cycle of triangular wave
Fig. 3 shows the figure of the state of the welding portion under the t=t3 of Fig. 2.T=t3 is the time point that the stack of triangular wave begins.
With reference to Fig. 3, between the front end of welding wire 1 and mother metal 2, produce electric arc 3.The heat of being brought by electric arc 3 and so that the front end of welding wire 1 is heated, the leading section melting forms molten drop 6.Welding wire 1 is fed device and carries out feeding along mother metal 2 directions.
Because the electric current after superposeing, welding wire melting speed increases, and it is large that molten drop becomes, and the power that puts on molten drop is maximum in 1/4 cycle, and molten drop is accelerated wrinkling because of the electric arc reaction force.But, reducing towards 1/2 cycle because be accompanied by electric current, the electric arc reaction force also descends, thereby can prevent wrinkling.
Fig. 4 shows the figure of the state of the welding portion under the t=t4 of Fig. 2.T=t4 is through the time point in 1/2 cycle of triangular wave.As shown in Figure 4, the molten drop 6 of the leading section of welding wire 1 is slightly grown, and is in wrinkling a little state.
(2) 1/2～3/4 cycle of triangular wave
During this period, by power control 104 so that welding current reduces littlely than amplitude center electric current I hcr, thereby the electric arc reaction force of molten drop is further descended.
(3) 3/4～1 cycle of triangular wave
In 3/4～1 cycle of triangular wave, make welding current again increase to amplitude center electric current I hcr from the downside peak value of triangular wave.
Fig. 5 shows the figure of the state of the welding portion under the t=t5 of Fig. 2.T=t5 is through the time point in 1 cycle of triangular wave.As shown in Figure 5, because the electric arc reaction force descended, so that act on just in time balance of the gravity of molten drop 6 and electric arc reaction force.Thereby, eliminated the wrinkling of molten drop 6, molten drop 6 is in sagging state.
And, make the triangular wave that in (1)～(3), illustrated repeatedly be superimposed on amplitude center electric current I hcr stipulated number.Thus, can prevent because of the electric arc reaction force cause wrinkling, can increase gradually the molten drop that droplet size forms desired size again.
In addition, in order easily to carry out the stack of triangular wave, set the inductance value WL1 of the 1st arc period Ta1 less than ensuing the 2nd arc period Ta2 (inductance value is WL1+WL2).
Below, the state of the welding portion in the 2nd arc period Ta2 is elaborated.Referring again to Fig. 2, transit to the 2nd arc period Ta2 in moment t2 the 1st arc period Ta1 end.At the 2nd arc period Ta2, power control 104 increases the inductance value of power circuit 102, will control from constant current control in order to carry out arc length control and switch to constant voltage control.This switching is equivalent to external behavior commutation circuit SW is switched to terminal b from terminal a in Fig. 1.Because inductance is large, so welding current reduces lentamente according to arc load.In addition, weldingvoltage also reduces lentamente.
Fig. 6 shows the figure of the state of the welding portion under the t=t7 of Fig. 2.
At the formed molten drop of the 1st arc period Ta1 as shown in Figure 6, can be not wrinkling, the limit becomes a little large limit and moves closer to the molten bath in the 2nd arc period Ta2.Because prevented from adjusting arc length so that the variation of arc force becomes slowly because of the variation of the wrinkling arc length that causes and by constant voltage control, so that the situation that the molten bath vibrates is few.And then because welding current reduces lentamente, so fully carry out to the heat input of mother metal, the fusion of the toe section of welding bead becomes good.
At the moment of Fig. 2 t8, if molten drop contacts with the molten bath and produces short circuit, then weldingvoltage sharply descends.If the power control of Fig. 1 104 is differentiated short circuit because of the rapid decline of this weldingvoltage, welding current is increased with the rising edge speed of expectation.Because of the rising of welding current, so that electromagnetic contractile force acts on the top of molten drop and produces necking down, thus molten drop 67 transition to the molten bath.
As described above, the welding method shown in the embodiment 1 is the co3 gas arc welding connection of carrying out low spatter control, is different from pulse arc welding method.
Namely, the welding method shown in the embodiment 1 is repeatedly the welding method of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc.In this welding method, if lifting speed of welding and welding current is increased, then in the droplet transfer zone, weld, short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc repeatedly become irregular.
Therefore, in the welding method shown in the embodiment 1, the 1st arc period Ta1 during certain exports high level of current, carries out constant current control at the 1st arc period Ta1, stack alternating current, for example low-frequency current of periodically variable fixed frequency as triangular wave or sine wave.Thus, can prevent molten drop because of the electric arc reaction force cause wrinkling, can realize the growth of stable molten drop.
And, about the amplitude center of high level of current, make amplitude center electric current I hcr increase and decrease according to the voltage difference between setting voltage Vr (corresponding to weldingvoltage setting signal Vr) and the reference voltage V cr (corresponding to reference voltage setting signal Vcr).
By when setting voltage Vr is low, reducing amplitude center electric current I hcr, thereby prevented in (the 1st arc period Ta1) the excessive melting of welding wire of arc period initial stage, at the electric arc lower easily reduction of the constant voltage control of (the 2nd arc period Ta2) output voltage between latter half.
On the contrary, by when setting voltage Vr is high, increasing amplitude center electric current I hcr, thereby (the 1st arc period Ta1) makes the abundant melting of welding wire at the arc period initial stage, at the electric arc lower easily increase of the constant voltage control of (the 2nd arc period Ta2) output voltage between latter half.
Passed through after the 1st arc period Ta1, controlled in order to carry out arc length at the 2nd arc period Ta2, the control of the source of welding current has been controlled from constant current switched to constant voltage control.Set the inductance value of the reactor of the source of welding current also larger than the 1st arc period Ta1, thereby welding current is reduced lentamente.Thus, the variation of arc force becomes slowly, so that the situation of molten bath vibration tail off.And then because welding current reduces lentamente, so fully carry out to the heat input of mother metal, the fusion of the toe section of welding bead becomes good.
In above-mentioned embodiment 1, for the inductance value of the reactor that makes the source of welding current at the 2nd arc period Ta2 greater than the 1st arc period Ta1, and inserted actual reactor WL2.Replace, mode that also can electronics is controlled reactor and is increased inductance value.
In above-mentioned embodiment 1, also can in the situation that the control of maintenance constant voltage is constant electric current be increased to desired value during short circuit in the Ts, perhaps control is switched to constant current control and afterwards electric current is increased to desired value.
In addition, the example that makes triangular wave be superimposed on high level of current has been shown in above-mentioned embodiment 1, even if but in the situation that the triangular wave that do not superpose, high level of current is changed, thereby can prevent that electric arc from becoming unstable.
[embodiment 2]
In embodiment 1, although make the size variation of high level of current based on the voltage difference between setting voltage Vr and the reference voltage V cr, but in embodiment 2, based on the voltage difference between setting voltage Vr and the reference voltage V cr make the high level of current shown in Fig. 2 during (the 1st arc period Ta1) change.
Fig. 7 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100A that embodiment 2 relates to.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 1, gives identical not repeat specification of symbol about the part identical with embodiment 1.
With reference to Fig. 7, welder 100A comprises: power circuit 102, power control 104A, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
In Fig. 1, although amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR has exported amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr based on reference voltage error signal Ec, but in Fig. 7, amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR exports predetermined amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr.
In addition, the reference voltage error signal Ec that voltage error circuit EC exports inputs to timer circuit TM, replaces to be input to amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR.
Timer circuit TM with arc detection signal Ad, the 2nd gain setting signal G2r and reference voltage error signal Ec as input, and output only arc detection signal Ad be low (Low) level during and the timer signal Tm that becomes high level in the 1st arc period Ta1 from arc detection signal Ad becomes high level.The 1st arc period Ta1 is represented by inferior formula (2).
Ta1＝Ta10+G2r*(Vr-Vcr)…(2)
Wherein, Ta1 represents the 1st arc period, and Ta10 represents benchmark 1st arc period corresponding with reference voltage setting signal Vcr, and G2r represents the 2nd gain setting signal, and Vr represents the weldingvoltage setting signal, and Vcr represents the reference voltage setting signal.In addition, can establish G2r and be for example 100～500 (μ s/V).This expression: for voltage deviation 1V, the amplitude of variation of the 1st arc period Ta1 is 100～500 μ s.
In addition, because the formation of other parts of power control 104A is identical with the power control 104 shown in Fig. 1, so not repeat specification.
The welder 100A of embodiment 2 changes the 1st arc period Ta1 based on the voltage difference between setting voltage Vr and the reference voltage V cr, even if thus in the situation that setting voltage Vr has been changed, with embodiment 1 similarly, can prevent that also electric arc from becoming unstable.
[embodiment 3]
In embodiment 1, only make amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr increase and decrease according to voltage difference (Vr-Vcr), in embodiment 2, only make the 1st arc period Ta1 increase and decrease.
In embodiment 3, to voltage difference setting threshold value up and down, amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr is increased and decreased till the threshold value, and about the voltage difference that surpassed threshold value or less than the voltage difference of threshold value, only make the 1st arc period Ta1 increase and decrease.
Fig. 8 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100B that embodiment 3 relates to.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 1, gives identical not repeat specification of symbol about the part identical with embodiment 1.
With reference to Fig. 8, welder 100B comprises: power circuit 102, power control 104B, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
Reference voltage error signal distributor circuit DEC receives upper limit threshold Tv1, lower threshold Tv2 and reference voltage error signal Ec, and output reference voltage error distribution current signal Eri and reference voltage distribution time signal Ert.
Reference voltage error distribution current signal Eri replaces benchmark voltage error signal Ec and is input to amplitude center current setting circuit IHCR with the 1st gain setting signal G1r.
In addition, reference voltage distributes time signal Ert to be input to timer circuit TM with the 2nd gain setting signal G2r.
The upper limit of the recruitment of the reference amplitude center of the comparing current settings signal Ihcr0 of amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr is made as Ih1.Because recruitment is G1r* (Vr-Vcr) in formula (1), so the predetermined upper limit threshold Tv1 of voltage difference (Vr-Vcr) is represented by inferior formula (3).
Tv1＝Ih1/G1r…(3)
For example, when the 1st gain setting signal G1r is 10A/V, be 50A if establish the upper limit Ih1 of recruitment, then: Tv1 is 5V.
Reference voltage error signal distributor circuit DEC exports reference voltage error signal Ec as reference voltage error distribution current signal Eri, until reference voltage error signal Ec reaches upper limit threshold Tv1.In this case, with embodiment 1 similarly, change the amplitude center of high level of current based on formula (1).
In addition, reference voltage error signal distributor circuit DEC has surpassed in the upper limit threshold Tv1 at reference voltage error signal Ec, upper limit threshold Tv1 is exported as reference voltage error distribution current signal Eri, distribute time signal Ert to export (reference voltage error signal Ec-upper limit threshold Tv1) as reference voltage.In this case, the amplitude center of high level of current is changed the corresponding voltage with upper limit threshold Tv1.And, about surpassing the variable quantity of upper limit threshold Tv1, as illustrating in the embodiment 2, only change the corresponding time of the 1st arc period Ta1.
The lower limit of the reduction that in addition, the reference amplitude center of the comparing current settings signal Ihcr0 of amplitude center current settings signal Ihcr is reduced is made as Ih2.Because recruitment is G1r* (Vr-Vcr) in formula (1), so the predetermined lower threshold Tv2 of voltage difference (Vr-Vcr) is represented by inferior formula (4).
Tv2＝Ih2/G1r…(4)
Reference voltage error signal distributor circuit DEC exports reference voltage error signal Ec as reference voltage error distribution current signal Eri, until reference voltage error signal Ec reaches lower threshold Tv2.In this case, with embodiment 1 similarly, change the amplitude center of high level of current based on formula (1).
In addition, reference voltage error signal distributor circuit DEC at reference voltage error signal Ec less than in the lower threshold Tv2, lower threshold Tv2 is exported as reference voltage error distribution current signal Eri, distribute time signal Vrt to export (reference voltage error signal Ec-lower threshold Tv2) as reference voltage.In this case, the amplitude center of high level of current is changed the corresponding voltage with lower threshold Tv2.And, about being lower than the variable quantity of lower threshold Tv2, as illustrating in the embodiment 2, only change the corresponding time of the 1st arc period Ta1.
In embodiment 3, be combined and used in the increase and decrease of amplitude center electric current I hcr of the high level of current that illustrated in the embodiment 1 and the change of the 1st arc period Ta1 that in embodiment 2, illustrated by the change degree that cooperates setting voltage, thereby prevented that electric arc from becoming unstable.
In addition, in embodiment 3, illustrated in voltage difference and be in the amplitude center electric current I hcr increase and decrease that makes high level of current in the prescribed limit, in the situation that voltage difference is in the example that the 1st arc period Ta1 is changed, but amplitude center electric current I hcr and the 1st arc period Ta1 are changed simultaneously.
[embodiment 4]
In embodiment 4, on the basis of the welding method that in embodiment 1, illustrated, by detecting the necking down of molten drop before producing at electric arc, splash thereby before electric arc produces, make electric current descend to alleviate.
Fig. 9 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100C that embodiment 4 relates to.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 1, gives identical not repeat specification of symbol about the part identical with embodiment 1.
With reference to Fig. 9, welder 100C comprises: power circuit 102A, power control 104C, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
Figure 10 shows the movement oscillogram of weldingvoltage, welding current and control signal when the welder that is related to by embodiment 4 welds.
The waveform difference of the waveform of Figure 10 and the embodiment of Fig. 21 is: at moment t1a, if detect the necking down of molten drop welding current is reduced, produce electric arc at moment t2 afterwards.
Because being in proportion of the current value of splashing amount in the electric arc of t2 produces constantly is so if reduce in advance current value in the electric arc generation, then can reduce the generation of splashing.
With reference to Fig. 9, Figure 10, necking down detection reference value initialization circuit VTN exports predetermined necking down detection reference value signal Vtn.As input, and the voltage rising value Δ V of output in during the short circuit time point (constantly t1a) that reaches the value of necking down detection reference value signal Vtn becomes high level, again produces so that the value of weldingvoltage detection signal Vd is time point (constantly t2) more than the electric arc discriminant value Vta at electric arc and become the such necking down detection signal Nd of low level necking down testing circuit ND with this necking down detection reference value signal Vtn and the weldingvoltage detection signal Vd that illustrated in Fig. 1 and welding current detection signal Id.Therefore, this neck detection signal Nd be high level during become Tn between the necking down detection period.
In addition, the differential value of the weldingvoltage detection signal Vd in also can be during short circuit reaches the time point of the value of the necking down detection reference value signal Vtn that sets according to corresponding with it mode, makes necking down detection signal Nd be varied to high level.And then, also can calculate the resistance value of molten drop divided by the value of welding current detection signal Id by the value of weldingvoltage detection signal Vd, and reach the time point of the value of the necking down detection reference value signal Vtn that sets according to corresponding with it mode at the differential value of this resistance value, make necking down detection signal Nd be varied to high level.Necking down detection signal Nd is input to electric power main circuit PM.Electric power main circuit PM stops output in the Tn between the necking down detection period.
Drive circuit DR output (when non-necking down detects) in this necking down detection signal Nd is low level makes transistor T R2 be in the driving signal Dr of conducting state.Because driving signal Dr in the Tn between the necking down detection period is low level, so transistor T R2 is in cut-off state.Its result, current-limiting resistor R are inserted into the power circuit (4 the path from electric power main circuit PM to welding torch) of welding current Iw.The value of this current-limiting resistor R is set to the large value more than 10 times (0.5～3 Ω degree) of short circuit load (0.01～0.03 Ω degree).For this reason, the energy of accumulating in the direct current reactor in the source of welding current and the reactor of cable is by deep discharge, and like that, welding current Iw sharply reduces and becomes little current value shown in moment t1a～t2 of Figure 10.
At moment t2, electric arc produces again if short circuit is disconnected, and then weldingvoltage Vw becomes more than the predetermined electric arc discriminant value Vta.Detect this situation, necking down detection signal Nd becomes low level, drives signal Dr and becomes high level.Its result, transistor T R2 is in conducting state, becomes later on the control that utilizes the arc welding that Fig. 2 illustrated in embodiment 1.About the 1st later arc period Ta1 and the 2nd arc period Ta2, because in Fig. 2, illustrated, so not repeat specification.
Because current value when the electric arc that the welder that embodiment 4 relates to can reduce electric arc when again producing (constantly t2) produces again, so except the effect that the welder that illustrated in embodiment 1 plays, can also further reduce electric arc and produce splashing when beginning.
In addition, in embodiment 4, as detecting the means that welding current Iw reduced rapidly in the necking down, and the method that current-limiting resistor R is inserted into power circuit has been described.As means in addition, also can adopt following method: Parallel-connected Capacitor is connected between the lead-out terminal of welder via switch element, if detect necking down, then makes switch element be in conducting state, by the capacitor energization discharge current, and welding current Iw is reduced rapidly.
[embodiment 5]
In embodiment 5, on the basis of the welding method that in embodiment 2, illustrated, by detecting the necking down of molten drop before producing at electric arc, splash thereby before electric arc produces, make electric current descend to alleviate.
Figure 11 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100D that embodiment 5 relates to.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 2, gives identical not repeat specification of symbol about the part identical with embodiment 2.
With reference to Figure 11, welder 100D comprises: power circuit 102A, power control 104D, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
In addition, about detecting related necking down testing circuit ND, necking down detection reference value initialization circuit VTN and the action separately of drive circuit DR with necking down, because in embodiment 4, be illustrated, so not repeat specification.
Because current value when the electric arc that the welder 100D of embodiment 5 also can reduce electric arc when again producing produces again, so except the effect that the welder that illustrated in embodiment 2 plays, can also further reduce electric arc and produce splashing when beginning.
[embodiment 6]
In embodiment 6, on the basis of the welding method that in embodiment 3, illustrated, by detecting the necking down of molten drop before producing at electric arc, splash thereby before electric arc produces, make electric current descend to alleviate.
Figure 12 shows the block diagram of the formation of the welder 100E that embodiment 6 relates to.In the following description, only explanation is different from the part of embodiment 3, gives identical not repeat specification of symbol about the part identical with embodiment 3.
With reference to Figure 12, welder 100E comprises: power circuit 102A, power control 104E, wire feed unit 106 and welding torch 4.
In addition, about detecting related necking down testing circuit ND, necking down detection reference value initialization circuit VTN and the action separately of drive circuit DR with necking down, because in embodiment 4, be illustrated, so not repeat specification.
Because current value when the electric arc that the welder 100E of embodiment 6 also can reduce electric arc when again producing produces again, so except the effect that the welder that illustrated in embodiment 3 plays, can also further reduce electric arc and produce splashing when beginning.
In addition, in embodiment 6, illustrated in voltage difference and be in the amplitude center electric current I hcr increase and decrease that makes high level of current in the prescribed limit, in the situation that voltage difference is in the example that the 1st arc period Ta1 is changed, but amplitude center electric current I hcr and the 1st arc period Ta1 are changed simultaneously.
At last, referring again to Fig. 1 etc., summarize embodiment 1～6.
The welder of embodiment 1～6 be utilize with carbon dioxide be used in protective gas and alternately repeatedly the co3 gas arc welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect the welder that method is welded.Welder 100,100A～100E possess: power circuit 102,102A provide voltage between welding torch 4 and mother metal 2; With power control 104,104A～104E, the voltage of control power circuit 102,102A.Power control 104,104A～104E are according to the 1st arc period Ta1 output high level of current at the initial stage of ensuing arc period after during short circuit, control power circuit 102,102A in the mode of the 2nd arc period Ta2 output in later stage of the arc period arc current corresponding with carrying out weldingvoltage that constant voltage controls.Power control 104,104A～104E and then be superimposed on amplitude center electric current according to the waveform that will repeatedly increase and decrease and control power circuit 102,102A in the mode that produces high level of current.
Preferably, in welder 100,100A～100E, the waveform of increase and decrease is triangular wave or sine wave repeatedly.
Preferably, in welder 100C～100E, power control 104C～104E was as illustrating among Figure 10, detected in during short circuit in the situation of necking down of molten drop, and the necking down that short circuit current is reduced detects control.
Should think: this disclosed embodiment is example in all respects, is not restrictive.Scope of the present invention is not above-mentioned explanation, but is represented by claims, comprises the scope of claims and all changes within being equal to the scope of the meaning.
Claims (5)
1. welder, its by with carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the co3 gas arc welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect method and weld, wherein said welder possesses:
Power circuit, it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; With
Control part, it controls the voltage of described power circuit,
Described control part is according to the 1st arc period output high level of current at the initial stage of ensuing arc period after during short circuit, control described power circuit in the mode of the 2nd arc period output in later stage of the described arc period arc current corresponding with carrying out weldingvoltage that constant voltage controls
Described control part is superimposed on amplitude center electric current according to the waveform that will repeatedly increase and decrease and controls described power circuit in the mode that produces described high level of current,
Described control part is calculated the recommendation magnitude of voltage corresponding to the current setting value of welding current, makes the electric current increase and decrease of described amplitude center according to the voltage difference between the voltage setting value of described recommendation magnitude of voltage and weldingvoltage.
2. welder, its by with carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the co3 gas arc welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect method and weld, wherein said welder possesses:
Power circuit, it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; With
Control part, it controls the voltage of described power circuit,
Described control part is according to the 1st arc period output high level of current at the initial stage of ensuing arc period after during short circuit, control described power circuit in the mode of the 2nd arc period output in later stage of the described arc period arc current corresponding with carrying out weldingvoltage that constant voltage controls
Described control part is superimposed on amplitude center electric current according to the waveform that will repeatedly increase and decrease and controls described power circuit in the mode that produces described high level of current,
Described control part is calculated the recommendation magnitude of voltage corresponding to the current setting value of welding current, makes described the 1st arc period increase and decrease according to the voltage difference between the voltage setting value of described recommendation magnitude of voltage and weldingvoltage.
3. welder, its by with carbon dioxide as protective gas and alternately repeatedly the co3 gas arc welding of short-circuit condition and conditions at the arc connect method and weld, wherein said welder possesses:
Power circuit, it is used for providing voltage between welding torch and mother metal; With
Control part, it controls the voltage of described power circuit,
Described control part is according to the 1st arc period output high level of current at the initial stage of ensuing arc period after during short circuit, control described power circuit in the mode of the 2nd arc period output in later stage of the described arc period arc current corresponding with carrying out weldingvoltage that constant voltage controls
Described control part is superimposed on amplitude center electric current according to the waveform that will repeatedly increase and decrease and controls described power circuit in the mode that produces described high level of current,
Described control part is calculated the recommendation magnitude of voltage corresponding to the current setting value of welding current, voltage difference between the voltage setting value of described recommendation magnitude of voltage and weldingvoltage is in the situation of the 1st scope, make the electric current increase and decrease of described amplitude center according to described voltage difference, be to be different from the situation of the 2nd scope of described the 1st scope in described voltage difference, make described the 1st arc period increase and decrease according to described voltage difference.
4. the described welder of any one according to claim 1～3, wherein,
Described waveform is triangular wave or sine wave.
5. the described welder of any one according to claim 1～4, wherein,
Detect in during described short circuit in the situation of necking down of molten drop, the necking down that described control part reduces short circuit current detects control.
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