CN102986400B - Domestication method of cold-resistant vetiver grass - Google Patents

Domestication method of cold-resistant vetiver grass Download PDF

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CN102986400B
CN102986400B CN201210298130.9A CN201210298130A CN102986400B CN 102986400 B CN102986400 B CN 102986400B CN 201210298130 A CN201210298130 A CN 201210298130A CN 102986400 B CN102986400 B CN 102986400B
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resistant
vetiver
seedling
seed selection
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CN102986400A (en
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聂天南
陈吉宝
聂雨舟
李玉英
董冰雪
陈明道
孙大金
白华民
秦中民
刘媛媛
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NANYANG QIANJING TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a domestication method of cold-resistant vetiver grass, which comprises the following steps of: a, a first breeding period; b, a second breeding period; c, a third breeding period; d, a fourth breeding period; e, a fifth breeding period; f, a sixth breeding period; and g, a seventh breeding period: sowing, cultivating and experimentally planting the vetiver grass under the same condition to stabilize the breed, and carefully selecting the lodging-resistant wind-resistant and drought-resistant variant strains which are tall and strong with thick main collars, fat leaves and high tillering rate, and can adapt to the local natural environment as the seventh generation of cold-resistant seedling. The cold-resistant vetiver grass is bred after domestication of seven generations in seven years. Through domestication of the breed of seven generations in seven years and through adaptive domestication experiment to breed a new variety of cold-resistant vetiver grass, a new variety of vetiver grass with improved cold resistance which can adapt to the cold weather at south of the Yellow river and north of the Yangtze river is finally obtained. The domestication method realizes large-scale planting of the vetiver grass at south of the Yellow river and north of the Yangtze river.

Description

The domesticating method of a kind of cold-resistant kind vetiver
Technical field
The invention belongs to cross-region naturalized plant technical field, the particularly domesticating method of a kind of cold-resistant kind vetiver.
Technical background
Vetiver (Vetiveria z izanio ides) has another name called cus-cus, is grass family herbaceos perennial.Vetiver has extremely strong vitality, and the larger adaptability to weather, soil and hydrologic condition, and vetiver has flourishing deep enough the penetrating in soil of root system energy simultaneously, and energy fixing of soil and conservation of water, therefore play an important role in water and soil conservation.Therefore also by a lot of countries and regions, favored, people attempt its introducing and planting breeding to develop in locality, and China is also the nineties latter stage from state's successful introduction such as India, Thailand and Vietnam.
Although China vetiver plantation at present has obtained great development, is that cold resistance is poor in the maximum deficiency existing aspect vetiver breed breeding.Vetiver originates in torrid areas, in Africa to India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, Indonesia, the extensively plantation of Malaysia's one band.Introduce a fine variety after China also mainly in Jiangsu, the ground establishing in large scale such as Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan.The minimum air temperature in winter has important impact to the distribution of vetiver and cultivation, temperature is to affect the main limiting factor that vetiver is applied in the northern area of China, be exactly in southern area of China, vetiver is also because problems such as cold resistances, often withered and yellow in the winter time, have a strong impact on its using value.China's North of Yangtze River area winter temperature is low, time is long, although these kinds spring and summers after introducing a fine variety the north is energy-conservation enough to be survived and grows, the position of tillering is impatient at the winter of very long cold and is freezed to death, to such an extent as to Second Year just can not normally germinate and tiller spring.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides and change the present situation that vetiver can only survive on the south the Changjiang river, the domesticating method of cold-resistant kind vetiver.
A domesticating method for cold-resistant kind vetiver, comprises the steps:
A, the first seed selection cycle: 4~May by vetiver seedling cultivation in the winter time monthly mean temperature only have the area plantation of 2.5 ℃; Then, slice off acrial part October, bottom adopts lagging facility to freeze to death preventing, Second Year removes Insulation 2 the end of month, and normal management is selected survive and have the vetiver tillering May, as the cold-resistant generation seedling of seed selection;
B, the second seed selection cycle: in identical area plantation, do not add Insulation after entering the winter by the seedling that tillers of cold-resistant generation seedling 4~May, allows vetiver root normally survive the winter, carry out freeze proof exercise, Second Year May, select to survive and have the vetiver tillering, as cold-resistant two generation seedling;
C, the 3rd seed selection cycle: 4~May by cold-resistant two generation seedling in the winter time monthly mean temperature only have the area plantation of 1 ℃, then, slice off acrial part October, adopt Insulation to freeze to death to prevent under ground portion, Second Year selects to survive and have the vetiver tillering May, as cold-resistant three generations's seedling
D, the 4th seed selection cycle: planting with the 3rd seed selection cycle the seedling that tillers of cold-resistant three generations's seedling for 4~May with area, do not add Insulation winter, allows vetiver root normally survive the winter, carry out freeze proof exercise, Second Year May, select to survive and have the vetiver tillering, as cold-resistant four generation seedling;
E, the 5th seed selection cycle: 4~May by cold-resistant four generation seedling in the winter time monthly mean temperature only have 0 ℃ of area plantation, then, slice off acrial part October, adopting Insulation to cover under ground portion freezes to death preventing, select to survive and have the vetiver tillering in Second Year May, as cold-resistant five generation seedling;
F, the 6th seed selection cycle: 4~May by cold-resistant five generation seedling the seedling that tillers in area plantation identical with the 5th seed selection cycle, do not add Insulation winter, allow vetiver root normally survive the winter, carry out freeze proof exercise, Second Year May, selection survives and has a vetiver tillering, as cold-resistant six generation seedling;
G, the 7th seed selection cycle: by cold-resistant six generation seedling the seedling that tillers at the windy plot of arid and the water and soil of identical regional water scarcity, wash away Guo mountain region, under equal conditions sow, cultivate, plant experimentally, carry out stable variety; Careful selection: plant height, main neck be thick, strong, leaf is fertile, tillering capacity is high, resistant to lodging, wind resistance, drought resisting, biomass are high, the variant that adapts to local natural environment, as cold-resistant seven generation seedling, go through the kind training seed selection in 7 years seven generations, the cold tolerance that obtains adapting to areas to the south, North of Yangtze River the Yellow River cold climate reaches the vetiver new varieties of raising.
Described arid plot is the block of annual precipitation below 200mm.
Described barren block is that nutrient component lacks and the block of unsuitable crops economy plantation.
By adaptability, tame the cold-resistant patience vetiver of test seed selection new varieties, realize vetiver at areas to the south, North of Yangtze River the Yellow River establishing in large scale.Though vetiver is tropical plants, its adaptive capacity is very strong, can adapt to multiple weather.It is reported, the low temperature of vetiver 15.9 ℃ of safe Yue Guo – in Jiangxi, so vetiver has cold-resistant Potential performance.The technology of the present invention through cold-resistant training, introduces a fine variety the vetiver kind Karnataka that originates in India of the area plantation higher than north latitude 30 degree.
Embodiment
A domesticating method for cold-resistant kind vetiver, comprises the steps:
A, the first seed selection cycle: 4~May by vetiver seedling cultivation in the winter time monthly mean temperature only have the area plantation of 2.5 ℃; Then, slice off acrial part October, lower part adopts lagging facility to freeze to death preventing, Second Year removes Insulation 2 the end of month, and normal management is selected survive and have the vetiver tillering May, as the cold-resistant generation seedling of seed selection;
B, the second seed selection cycle: in identical area plantation, do not add Insulation after entering the winter by the seedling that tillers of cold-resistant generation seedling 4~May, allows vetiver root normally survive the winter, carry out freeze proof exercise, Second Year May, select to survive and have the vetiver tillering, as cold-resistant two generation seedling;
C, the 3rd seed selection cycle: 4~May by cold-resistant two generation seedling in the winter time monthly mean temperature only have the area plantation of 1 ℃, then, slice off acrial part October, adopt Insulation to freeze to death to prevent under ground portion, Second Year selects to survive and have the vetiver tillering May, as cold-resistant three generations's seedling
D, the 4th seed selection cycle: planting with the 3rd seed selection cycle the seedling that tillers of cold-resistant three generations's seedling for 4~May with area, do not add Insulation winter, allows vetiver root normally survive the winter, carry out freeze proof exercise, Second Year May, select to survive and have the vetiver tillering, as cold-resistant four generation seedling;
E, the 5th seed selection cycle: 4~May by cold-resistant four generation seedling in the winter time monthly mean temperature only have 0 ℃ of area plantation, then, slice off acrial part October, adopting Insulation to cover under ground portion freezes to death preventing, select to survive and have the vetiver tillering in Second Year May, as cold-resistant five generation seedling;
F, the 6th seed selection cycle: 4~May by cold-resistant five generation seedling the seedling that tillers in area plantation identical with the 5th seed selection cycle, do not add Insulation winter, allow vetiver root normally survive the winter, carry out freeze proof exercise, Second Year May, selection survives and has a vetiver tillering, as cold-resistant six generation seedling;
G, the 7th seed selection cycle: by cold-resistant six generation seedling the seedling that tillers at the windy plot of arid and the water and soil of identical regional water scarcity, wash away Guo mountain region, under equal conditions sow, cultivate, plant experimentally, carry out stable variety; Careful selection: plant height, main neck be thick, strong, leaf is fertile, tillering capacity is high, resistant to lodging, wind resistance, drought resisting, biomass are high, the variant that adapts to local natural environment, as cold-resistant seven generation seedling, go through the kind training seed selection in 7 years seven generations, the cold tolerance that obtains adapting to areas to the south, North of Yangtze River the Yellow River cold climate reaches the vetiver new varieties of raising.
Described arid plot is the block of annual precipitation below 200mm.
Described barren block is that nutrient component lacks and the block of unsuitable crops economy plantation.
By adaptability, tame the cold-resistant patience vetiver of test seed selection new varieties, realize vetiver at areas to the south, North of Yangtze River the Yellow River establishing in large scale.Though vetiver is tropical plants, its adaptive capacity is very strong, can adapt to multiple weather.It is reported, vetiver is crossed safely the low temperature of-15.9 ℃ in Jiangxi, so vetiver has cold-resistant Potential performance.The technology of the present invention through cold-resistant training, introduces a fine variety the vetiver kind Karnataka that originates in India of the area plantation higher than north latitude 30 degree.
Table 1: varieties of the present invention and Karnataka kind are processed Physiological Indices of Cold-tolerance mutation analysis after 20 days at low temperatures
Figure 541307DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Note: in table, after numeral, lowercase represents that same column data are remarkable at 0.05 level difference; In table, after numeral, capitalization represents that between same index different cultivars, data are remarkable at 0.05 level difference; Index be determined at low temperature treatment after 20 days, renewal cultivation (room temperature) carried out after 5 days; " survival rate "=survival strain number/experiment strain number; Proline content is pressed salicylic acid method and is measured.Data are to repeat mean value three times.
Table 2: varieties of the present invention is at different flat areas grown in field status analysis
? Wuhan, Hubei Nanyang, henan Zhengzhou, henan Jincheng, Shanxi
Tiller number (individual) 13.5 12.8 7.5 4.9
The bright amount of acrial part (kg/ strain) 1.21 1.18 0.85 0.67
The bright amount of under ground portion (kg/ strain) 0.58 0.54 0.38 0.27
Clump high (m) 2.31 2.14 1.72 1.34
Maximum root dark (m) 2.85 2.73 2.1 1.79

Claims (3)

1. a domesticating method for cold-resistant kind vetiver, is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
A, the first seed selection cycle: 4~May by vetiver seedling cultivation in the winter time monthly mean temperature only have the area of 2.5 ℃; Then, slice off acrial part October, under ground portion adopts lagging facility to freeze to death preventing, Second Year removes Insulation 2 the end of month, and normal management is selected survive and have the vetiver tillering May, as the cold-resistant generation seedling of seed selection;
B, the second seed selection cycle: in identical area plantation, do not add Insulation after entering the winter by the seedling that tillers of cold-resistant generation seedling 4~May, allows vetiver root normally survive the winter, carry out freeze proof exercise, Second Year May, select to survive and have the vetiver tillering, as cold-resistant two generation seedling;
C, the 3rd seed selection cycle: 4~May by cold-resistant two generation seedling in the winter time monthly mean temperature only have the area plantation of 1 ℃, then, slice off acrial part October, adopt Insulation to freeze to death to prevent under ground portion, Second Year selects to survive and have the vetiver tillering May, as cold-resistant three generations's seedling
D, the 4th seed selection cycle: planting with the 3rd seed selection cycle the seedling that tillers of cold-resistant three generations's seedling for 4~May with area, do not add Insulation winter, allows vetiver root normally survive the winter, carry out freeze proof exercise, Second Year May, select to survive and have the vetiver tillering, as cold-resistant four generation seedling;
E, the 5th seed selection cycle: 4~May by cold-resistant four generation seedling in the winter time monthly mean temperature only have 0 ℃ of area plantation, then, slice off acrial part October, adopting Insulation to cover under ground portion freezes to death preventing, select to survive and have the vetiver tillering in Second Year May, as cold-resistant five generation seedling;
F, the 6th seed selection cycle: 4~May by cold-resistant five generation seedling the seedling that tillers in area plantation identical with the 5th seed selection cycle, do not add Insulation winter, allow vetiver root normally survive the winter, carry out freeze proof exercise, Second Year May, selection survives and has a vetiver tillering, as cold-resistant six generation seedling;
G, the 7th seed selection cycle: by cold-resistant six generation seedling the seedling that tillers at the windy plot of arid and the water and soil of identical regional water scarcity, wash away Guo mountain region, under equal conditions sow, cultivate, plant experimentally, carry out stable variety; Careful selection: plant height, main neck be thick, strong, leaf is fertile, tillering capacity is high, resistant to lodging, wind resistance, drought resisting, biomass are high, the variant that adapts to local natural environment, as cold-resistant seven generation seedling, go through the kind training seed selection in 7 years seven generations, the cold tolerance that obtains adapting to areas to the south, North of Yangtze River the Yellow River cold climate reaches the vetiver new varieties of raising.
2. the domesticating method of cold-resistant kind vetiver as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described arid plot is the block of annual precipitation below 200mm.
3. the domesticating method of cold-resistant kind vetiver as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described barren block is that nutrient component lacks and the block of unsuitable crops economy plantation.
CN201210298130.9A 2012-08-21 2012-08-21 Domestication method of cold-resistant vetiver grass Expired - Fee Related CN102986400B (en)

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CN107409667B (en) * 2017-04-01 2020-04-14 镇江润祥园林科技发展有限公司 Culture method for improving shade tolerance of gramineous herbaceous plants
CN109042313A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-21 广西海泉农业有限公司 A kind of selection improving dragon fruit winter resistance

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
严学东等.植物抗寒育种研究进展简述.《热带农业科技》.2006,
抗寒牡丹在沈阳地区的驯化及应用;李恒英等;《新农业》;20111110;全文 *
抗寒育种的途径;简令成;《植物杂志》;19851215;全文 *
李恒英等.抗寒牡丹在沈阳地区的驯化及应用.《新农业》.2011,
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简令成.抗寒育种的途径.《植物杂志》.1985,

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